5385465 We also thank radiograph Anne-Hilde Farstad for practical MRI assistance and the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital for institutional and financial support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6036145 Bionics Institute receives Operational Infrastructure Support from the Victorian Government. Financial 6036145 AE has received honoraria from Novartis for giving presentations and providing consultancy services. Financial 6036145 BM receives a fellowship from the National Institutes of Health. Financial 3361857 Studies included within this manuscript were selected based on the quality of the work and the relevance to the topic, and this review was not meant to be all-inclusive. Declaration 4271615 This work was prepared as part of my official duties. Declaration 3548232 Dr Kerrie McDonald is a recipient of the Cancer Institute of NSW Career Development Fellowship and Dr. Paul Kleihues is the recipient of the inaugural Cure For Life Foundation Visting Professorship. Financial 4495343 This study was done under the scope of an EU Joint Programme– Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND)–BIOMARKAPD project. Declaration 4495343 The authors also thank the patients and their families for informed consent. General acknowledgement 6104491 Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database (adni.loni.usc.edu). Declaration 6104491 The ADNI was launched in 2003 by the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), private pharmaceutical companies and non-profit organizations, as a $60 million, 5-year public-private partnership. General acknowledgement 6104491 The primary goal of ADNI has been to test whether serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), other biological markers, and clinical and neuropsychological assessment can be combined to measure the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer's disease (AD). General acknowledgement 6104491 Determination of sensitive and specific markers of very early AD progression is intended to aid researchers and clinicians to develop new treatments and monitor their effectiveness, as well as lessen the time and cost of clinical trials. General acknowledgement 6104491 ADNI is the result of efforts of many co-investigators from a broad range of academic institutions and private corporations, and subjects have been recruited from over 50 sites across the U. S. and Canada. General acknowledgement 6104491 The initial goal of ADNI was to recruit 800 subjects but ADNI has been followed by ADNI-GO and ADNI-2. General acknowledgement 6104491 To date these three protocols have recruited over 1500 adults, ages 55 to 90, to participate in the research, consisting of cognitively normal older individuals, people with early or late MCI, and people with early AD. General acknowledgement 6104491 The follow up duration of each group is specified in the protocols for ADNI-1, ADNI-2, and ADNI-GO. General acknowledgement 6104491 Subjects originally recruited for ADNI-1 and ADNI-GO had the option to be followed in ADNI-2. General acknowledgement 3350027 None of these sponsors was involved in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. Declaration 5030293 We thank the PREDICT-HD sites, the study participants, the National Research Roster for Huntington Disease Patients and Families, the Huntington Disease Society of America, and the Huntington Study Group. General acknowledgement 5949537 The authors would like to thank the Ulm University Center for Translational Imaging MoMAN for its support. Financial 3303157 We express our deep appreciation to our Network partners who have cooperated to improve stroke care in South Carolina including: Carolina Pines Regional Medical Center, Coastal Carolina Hospital, Georgetown Memorial Hospital, Grand Strand Regional Medical Center, Kershaw Medical Center, Loris Community Hospital, Marion County Medical Center, McLeod Regional Medical Center, McLeod Medical Center-Dillon, Piedmont Medical Center, Seacoast Medical Center, Self Regional Healthcare, Springs Memorial Hospital, Waccamaw Community Hospital, Williamsburg Regional Hospital. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3463813 The authors are grateful to Bruce Miller, MD, Dr Nowicki, and Shivani Nandi, PhD for assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5468397 The authors thank the “Parkinson Vereniging” for their support in the recruitment of participants. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6206843 We would like to thank previous research coordinators and volunteers Dan Zuchelli, Lorena Loci, Megan Parmenter, and Zachary Gulergun, all of whom were integral in enrolling patients and documenting study visits. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6206843 Within HSS, Tzipora Kuba's research management was necessary for the successful completion of this project. General statement 6206843 Dr. Hollis Potter and the HSS Radiology Department, specifically Joo Jung and Wendy Diesing, played an instrumental role in the guidance and execution of the imaging portion of this study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5596068 The authors thank the patient and her parents for the compliance and detailed evaluation. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5985300 We apologize to all colleagues in the field whose findings could not be included due to size constraints. Declaration 6037746 The authors would like to thank Thi Dao Nguyen, Fanny Leimgruber, and Sophie Schneider for the help in data collection, Dr. Kaspar Leuenberger and Dr. Mike D. Rinderknecht for the help in data analysis and critical review of this manuscript, Larissa Angst for the help in preparing and testing the study protocol, and all subjects who volunteered for this study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5893805 The authors would like to thank the Brain Trauma Foundation, the Brain Trauma Evidence-based Consortium, and the associated team of expert clinicians and researchers for iterative feedback and support during this multi-year collaboration. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3178061 The study was conducted in the setting of a government-sponsored stroke research project “Kompetenznetz Schlaganfall” (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, FK 01GI9903) and in the setting of the Center for Stroke Research Berlin. Financial 5331032 The authors appreciate the support from the Department of Economics at the University of Zurich by facilitating access to Qualtrics platform. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3596858 Special thanks to Fay Horak and OHSU’s Neurology Department for their support. General acknowledgement 5563306 We thank the nurses specialized in Otorhinolaryngology in the ENT Department of the Salpetriere Hospital for their participation in caloric data testing and management of the patients. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6141854 We are grateful to all the stroke patients who gave consent to utilize their data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4101337 We thank Bart De Dobbelaer for software support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5662548 The authors further acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) within the funding program Open Access Publishing. Financial 5500638 JT, SC, SF, BP, and MR had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5810279 They acknowledge the contribution of Professor Paulette van Vliet who contributed to leadership of the development of the protocols for the therapy interventions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4122180 Nicolas Morin held a professional health care studentship from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec. General statement 5932175 We would like to thank the Fox Trial Finder from the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research for support with recruitment. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6153882 The authors would like to thank the patients for their active participation in the study, Laurence Bernard-Demanze for the statistical analysis of the results, and the Association Française de Vestibulopathie Bilatérale Idiopathique. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5741595 The authors thank the nursing staffs of the Massachusetts General Hospital Neurosciences ICU, Multidisciplinary ICU, and the Surgical ICU. General acknowledgement 5868303 The authors are extremely grateful to the patients for their support, thrust and willingness to share their data with the scientific community. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5395696 Research project: “DNA on Disk, Diagnostic platform and kits for human health in oncology, neurology, infectious diseases and poverty-related diseases.” General statement 3829465 We thank Erich Schneider and his team as well as Stanislavs Bardins for support with the EyeSeeCam. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3970017 Cartool software (http://brainmapping.unige.ch/Cartool.php) is developed by Denis Brunet, from the Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Geneva, supported by the Centre for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Geneva, and Lausanne, Switzerland. Declaration 6048276 We acknowledge all patients who participated in this research, their families, and the association CADASIL France for their active collaboration, Jocelyne Ruffié and Solange Hello for their involvement in the practical organization of the study and the Unité de Recherche Clinique of Saint-Louis/Lariboisiere hospital, Paris France for their technical support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3717660 Paul E. Rapp, David O. Keyser, Kevin M. Toruno, Christopher J. Cellucci, Dominic Nathan, and Brenna M. Rosenberg would like to acknowledge support from the Traumatic Injury Research Program of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, from the Defense Medical Research and Development Program and from the United States Marine Corps Systems Command. Financial 6053510 YG acknowledges generous support to the Data Science Institute from the UK Engineering and Physics Science Research Council. Financial 5694451 The authors thank the technology transfer office of the University of Geneva (UNITEC) for their financial support for the development of the technical interface to couple the gyroscope to the cochlear implant processor through the INNOGAP proof-of-concept fund. Financial 6010519 We thank Dr. Victoria Cohen-Kaplan for her technical support with the BrdU assay and Dr. Edith Suss-Toby for her invaluable help with the confocal microscopy. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3009434 Thanks are also due to the generous support of our sponsors; Irwin Mitchell Solicitors, Integra Neurosciences, Raumedic®, Eden Medical Ltd and Lambda photometrics. Financial 2890141 The CTS data and census data extracts used in this study were provided by Victoriya Volkova through funding by the Scottish Government's Centre of Excellence in Epidemiology, Population Health and Disease Control (EPIC). Peer interactive communication and technical support 5729200 Ian Hall is also a Member of NIHR Health protection Research Units in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections and Gastrointestinal Infections at Liverpool. General statement 4383804 TDH is a member of the Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (http://www.lstmliverpool.ac.uk/research/cross-cutting-themes/cahrd/) and her position is partly supported by a Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Award (no. 097830/Z/11/A-C) to LSTM. Financial 4996659 This paper was conceived while the authors took part in the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences programme on Infectious Disease Dynamics. Declaration 4996659 The authors are grateful to the Institute, and the programme organisers, for their support. General acknowledgement 5340850 For implementation of this project three persons played a very important role: Dr Miguelhete Lisboa (Catholic University), and Dr Rassul Nala and Dr Olga Amiel (from the Mozambique Ministry of Health). General acknowledgement 4058532 OutbreakTools has been created during “Hackout: a hackathon for the analysis of disease outbreaks in R” (http://sites.google.com/site/hackoutwiki/), an event funded by the Medical Research Council. Declaration 4728197 This work was undertaken through the Centre of Expertise on Animal Disease Outbreaks (EPIC) supported by the Scottish Government and has made use of the resources provided by the Edinburgh Compute and Data Facility (ECDF). Financial 5971212 We also thank the MSc student cohorts 2012–2016 for taking part in the practical. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4558460 M. F. B. is a Wellcome Trust/Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fellow (098511/Z/12/Z). General statement 4661235 This study was conducted under the EU Joint Program – Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) – BIOMARKAPD JPND 0005/2011 project. Declaration 5686060 The authors would like to thank the many clinicians (Irene Cortese, Joan Ohayon, Kaylan Fenton, Jamie Cherup), nurses (Helen Griffith, Jenifer Dwyer, Laura Kannaian), and schedulers (Anne Mayfield, Kewounie Pumphrey, and Shania Dowd) who participated in the collection of clinical data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6156245 We also appreciate the laboratory work of EUROIMMUN, Lübeck, Germany. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5582086 GV received a fellowship by “Associazione Amici del Mario Negri.” Financial 5431276 We would like to thank the patient for agreeing to allow use of her available clinical data for scientific use and publication. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4541289 PL received consultation or lecture honoraria from Innogenetics, Roche, Beckman Coulter, AJ Roboscreen, and IBL International, and holds a position of a visiting professor at the Medical University of Bialystok. General statement 5497061 The CAVIA project (www.caviaproject.nl) is a consortium of Radboudumc, LUMC, Erasmus MC, VUmc, ADX NeuroSciences, Philips Healthcare, Stony Brook University and Massachusetts General Hospital. General statement 3915239 No sources or grants contributed to the completion of this research. Declaration 5725407 The datasets utilized for sonification was obtained from Dr. Kent P. Friedman from the Radiology Department of New York University Langone Medical Center. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6287012 We also wish to thank all patients, caregivers, reporting units, and coordinators in Riksstroke as well as Riksstroke steering committee. General acknowledgement 6018393 The authors are exceptionally grateful to Dave Fuller, Jessie Newville, Andrea Allan PhD for statistical expertise, and the generous funding provided by the Dedicated Health Research funds from the University of New Mexico School of Medicine, the University of New Mexico Brain and Behavioral Health Institute (BBHI), a Center for Biomedical Research Excellence Pilot Award to LJ (CoBRE P30GM103400/PI:Liu), and the Department of Neurosurgery at Boston Children's Hospital. Financial 6066536 The assistance of Phoebe Spetsieris and the PET imaging team at the Feinstein Institute, and Michele Burgevin, Vanessa Monserrat, and the members of the Brain and Behavior Laboratory and the Discovery Science Project at the Nathan Kline Institute are gratefully appreciated. General acknowledgement 6104491 For up-to-date information, see www.adni-info.org. Declaration 6198811 We gratefully acknowledge funding of the NTD Modelling Consortium by Novartis Foundation. Financial 6198811 The views, opinions, assumptions and conclusions or any other information set out in this article are solely those of the authors and not of Novartis Foundation. Declaration 6198811 Novartis Foundation was not involved in the establishment of this article and this article should not be attributed to Novartis Foundation or any person connected with Novartis Foundation. Declaration 6227250 DK gratefully acknowledges support from the ETH Zürich Postdoctoral Fellowship Program and the Marie Curie Actions for People COFUND, and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) for generously funding her research with a Marie Heim-Vögtlin fellowship. Financial 6227250 TS is supported in part by the European Research Council under the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Commission (PhyPD grant 335529). Financial 6227250 This work was further supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grants 310030_166687, IZRJZ3_164171, IZLSZ3_170834 and CRSII5_177163 to S. G.), the European Research Council (309540-EVODRTB to S. G.), and SystemsX.ch. Financial 6227250 The work on the tuberculosis outbreak investigations was supported by a grant from the Bernese Lung Association (LF). Financial 6227250 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 3863959 We thank Nick Sparks, Sue Baigent and Venu Nair for helpful discussion, David Kennedy for critical reading of the manuscript, and Don Klinkenberg for an incisive review. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3863959 The work was funded by a BBSRC CASE (Pfizer) award. Financial 5340858 We gratefully acknowledge Dr Hans Remme for his helpful and informative discussions during the preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5340858 We also thank Dr Joaquin Prada and Dr Lloyd Chapman for their assistance in producing some of the figures, and to Dr Rory Post and for discussion of recent work on surveillance and recrudescence. Peer interactive communication and technical support 2890141 AcknowledgmentsThe E. coli O157 prevalence data used in this study was collected as part of the International Partnership Research Award in Veterinary Epidemiology (IPRAVE), Epidemiology and Evolution of Enterobacteriaceae Infections in Humans and Domestic Animals, funded by the Wellcome Trust. Financial 2890141 Thanks to Lynda Reid, Paul Gavin, Andy Reid and the team at the Scottish Government Rural and Environment, Research and Analysis Directorate. General acknowledgement 2890141 Thanks also to Paul Bessell for assistance with database management. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5030310 This work was financially supported by the European Research Council (ERC 268904 – DIVERSITY to JL) and the Royal Society (University Research Fellowship to MR). Financial 4383806 D. W. F. was supported in part by a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit award and by an MRC Methodology Research Programme grant (MR/J013862/1). Financial 4383806 S. B. was supported in part by the ERC advanced grant 268540-PBDR. Financial 4383806 J. R. G. was supported by the RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security. Financial 5340859 The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation via the NTD Modelling Consortium at Warwick University. Financial 5340859 The Vellore STH study was supported by the Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance through an Early Career Fellowship to R Sarkar (Grant number: IA/E/12/1/500750). Financial 5729200 The research was partly funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response at King's College London and in Modelling Methodology at Imperial, both in partnership with Public Health England (PHE). Financial 5729200 The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, the Department of Health or Public Health England. Declaration 4255970 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Medical Research Council (AC, fellowship MR/J01432X/1; AJK, fellowship MR/K021524/1; SF, fellowship MR/K021680/1). Financial 4255970 We thank Prof. Bernard Cazelles for access to the computational resources used in this work, which were funded by an investment grant from the Région Île-de-France through the scientific program DIM MALINF. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5608688 This work was funded by two NIH MIDAS grants (U01GM110712 and 5U54GM111274) and a WHO grant 353558 TSA 2014/485861-0. Financial 3072572 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by the Barts and the London Special Trustees and the Medical Research Council grant no. Financial 3072572 JB receives funding from the UCL/UCLH Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre. Financial 3072572 We thank the MRC Centre for Molecular Virology for infrastructure support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4330987 AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully thank scientists who collected and sequenced the genomes of SFTSV, and submitted the sequences into GenBank database. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4330987 TTL is supported by Newton International Fellowship. Financial 4330987 This study is supported by the China Mega-Project on Infectious Disease Prevention (Nos. 2013ZX10004202-002, 2011ZX10004-001) and National Science Fund for Young Scholars (81222037) to WL. Financial 4330987 TAB is a Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellow (Grant Number 089026/Z/09/Z). Financial 4330987 OGP is supported by The Royal Society. Financial 4383805 D. A. was supported by the Medical Research Council (U105260566) and Public Health England. Financial 4383805 A. M. P. was supported by Medical Research Council (U105260566). Financial 4383805 P. J. B. was supported by the National Institute for Health Research. Financial 4383805 T. H. was supported by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/J002437/1). Financial 4383805 The authors acknowledge the Isaac Newton Institute for hosting the Infectious Disease Dynamics scientific programme in 2013 and its follow-up in 2014. General acknowledgement 4383805 (NIHR HTA Project 11/46/03) General statement 5608689 CEB gratefully acknowledges funding from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program, the National Geographic Society Young Explorers Grant Program (YEG #9269-13) and Princeton University’s Centre for Health and Well-being. Financial 5608689 The authors acknowledge the CDC’s Global Diseases Detection Program (YB and MYK), a Wellcome Trust Sustaining Health Grant (106866/Z/15/Z; CJEM), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (CJEM), and a National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology grant (1050793; KD) for additional financial support. Financial 5608689 We thank Evaline Cheng, Dr. Summer Arrigo-Nelson, Dr. Jean-Michel Héraud, and the Virology Unit at Institut Pasteur de Madagascar (IPM) for field support and the Madacascar Institut pour la Conservation des Ecosystèmes Tropicaux (MICET) for help with permits and logistics. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5608689 We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Steve Bellan for helpful comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4429239 OJB is funded by a BBSRC studentship. Financial 4429239 SIH is funded by a Senior Research Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust (095066). Financial 4429239 SIH, DLS and TWS acknowledge funding support from the Research and Policy in Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. Financial 4429239 DLS acknowledges funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (#OPP1110495). Financial 4429239 This study was partially funded by EU grant 21803 IDAMS (http://www.idams.eu) and is designated with IDAMS publication reference number IDAMS27. Financial 4986606 This work was supported by NIH U10 EY016214, NIH GM 087728 (MIDAS), the Harper-Inglis Financial 4383804 AcknowledgmentsThis work was initiated during the 2013 Infectious Disease Dynamics meeting at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge, UK. Declaration 4383804 All authors warmly acknowledge the support of the Newton Institute and the organizers of a stimulating meeting. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4383804 JRCP and ALL are supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directory, Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. Financial 4383804 ALL is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01-AI091980 and P01-AI098670) and the National Science Foundation (RTG/DMS - 1246991). Financial 4383804 TDH and JET gratefully acknowledge funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Financial 4383804 SF was supported by a UK Medical Research Council Career Development Award in Biostatistics. Financial 4996659 MGR is supported by the Marsden Fund under contract MAU1106. Financial 4996659 ALL is supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directory, Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, and by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01-AI091980) and the National Science Foundation (RTG/DMS-1246991). Financial 4996659 LP is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Financial 5340850 James Truscott, Sam Farrell, Jaspreet Toor and Roy Anderson gratefully acknowledge funding of the NTD Modelling Consortium by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in partnership with the Task Force for Global Health and by Children’s Investment Fund Foundation (UK) (“CIFF”). Financial 5340850 The views, opinions, assumptions or any other information set out in this article are solely those of the authors. Declaration 5340850 The authors would like to thank the SCORE project collaborators, particularly the SCORE Data Working Group, and Pedro Gazzinelli, and Alan Fenwick and of the Schistosomiasis Control Initiative for developing the aggregated data on S. haematobium control in Mozambique. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5340850 We are also indebted to the many collaborators of the Msambweni, Kenya control projects that provided the core data for initial model calibration and testing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4058532 AcknowledgmentsWe are thankful to Tanja Stadler and two anonymous referees for their thorough reviews and useful comments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4058532 We thank Sourceforge (http://sourceforge.net/) for providing a great platform for software development. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4058532 T. Jombart and C. Collins are funded by the Medical Research Council and MIDAS. Financial 4058532 D. Aanensen is funded by the Wellcome Trust (grant 099202/Z/12/Z). Financial 4058532 M. Baguelin and A. Camacho are supported by the Wellcome Trust (project grant WR/094527). Financial 4058532 A. Camacho is also funded by the Medical Research Council (fellowship MR/J01432X/1). Financial 4058532 A. Cori thanks the NIH for funding through the NIAID cooperative agreement UM1 AI068619. Financial 4058532 M. A. Suchard is supported through National Science Foundation grants DMS 126153 and IIS 1251151. Financial 4058532 N. Hens acknowledges support from the University of Antwerp scientific chair in Evidence-Based Vaccinology, financed in 2009–2014 by a gift from Pfizer. Financial 4058532 O. Ratmann is supported by the Wellcome Trust (fellowship WR092311MF). Financial 4058532 C. Colijn acknowledges support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/I031626/1; EP/K026003/1). Financial 4058532 S. Frost is supported in part by the Royal Society, the ERSC (ES/J011266/1), and the MRC (MR/J013862/1). Financial 5871640 We thank the following for research funding: the Medical Research Council (MR/J008761/1), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the MIDAS network of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U01 GM110721-01, National Institutes of Health), the Health Protection Research Units of the National Institute for Health Research, the European Union PREDEMICS consortium (FP7 Grant Agreement no. 278433-PREDEMICS), Wellcome Trust (Project 093488/Z/10/Z, Investigator 200861/Z/16/Z). Financial 5871640 ID acknowledges funds from the Imperial College Junior Research Fellowship. Financial 5871640 AC and PN acknowledge support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and acknowledge that the results of this work does not necessarily reflect the views of USAID. Financial 5340860 LD, WAS and TDH gratefully acknowledge funding of the NTD Modelling Consortium by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in partnership with the Task Force for Global Health. Financial 5340860 The views, opinions, assumptions or any other information set out in this article should not be attributed to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and The Task Force for Global Health or any person connected with them. Declaration 4728197 The authors gratefully acknowledge the RADAR team of DEFRA for their assistance with the CTS extracts. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3694308 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Defra and the AHVLA for providing the databases, Dr. Thomas Hagenaars and Prof. Nick Sparks for helpful discussions, and Dr. Glenn Marion and two anonymous referees for their helpful critique. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3694308 This work was funded by the Scottish Research Council through the Interdisciplinary Centre for Human and Avian Influenza Research (ICHAIR). Financial 3694308 GTI was partly funded by the Scottish Government and RRK was funded by a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship. Financial 3863957 AcknowledgmentsWe sincerely thank Pr John Edmunds for his assistance in editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3863957 AC is supported by the Medical Research Council (fellowship MR/J01432X/1). Financial 3863957 The computational resources used in this work were funded by an investment grant from the Région Île-de-France through the scientific program DIM MALINF. Financial 5628170 We thank James Hay, Drs. Richard Pebody, Katja Hoschler, Ilaria Dorigatti, Stephane Le Vu, Gesham Magombedze, and Peter White for their valuable comments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5628170 For funding, we thank the Medical Research Council (UK, Project MR/J008761/1), Wellcome Trust (UK, Project 093488/Z/10/Z), National Institute for General Medical Sciences (US, MIDAS U01 GM110721-01), National Institute for Health Research (UK, for Health Protection Research Unit funding), Fogarty International Centre with the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security (US, RAPIDD program), and Fogarty International Centre (US, R01 TW008246-01). Financial 4996665 All authors are grateful to the Isaac Newton Institute. General acknowledgement 4996665 TB is supported by the Swedish Research Council. Financial 4996665 TH is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Financial 4996665 ALL is supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directory, Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, and by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01-AI091980) and the National Science Foundation (RTG/DMS-1246991). Financial 4996665 SR is supported by Wellcome Trust Project Award 093488/Z/10/Z, R01 TW008246-01 from Fogarty International Centre, The Medical Research Council (UK, Project Grant MR/J008761/1) and the RAPIDD program from Fogarty International Centre with the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security. Financial 4996665 PT is supported by Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council) project no. 20105873. Financial 4383807 AcknowledgmentsAll authors are grateful to the Isaac Newton Institute. General acknowledgement 4383807 PT is supported by Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council) project no. 2010-5873. Financial 4383807 SR is supported by Wellcome Trust Project Award 093488/Z/10/Z, R01 TW008246-01 from Fogarty International Centre, the Medical Research Council (UK, Project Grant MR/J008761/1), the RAPIDD program from Fogarty International Centre with the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, and the National Institute for Health Research (UK, for Health Protection Research Unit funding). Financial 4383807 KE is supported by a Career Development Fellowship award from the National Institute for Health Research (grant NIHR-CDF-2001-04-019). Financial 5549789 The authors gratefully acknowledge funding of the NTD Modelling Consortium by the Financial 5729202 AcknowledgementThis research made use of data from a previous study (Witcomb et al., 2014); we acknowledge with thanks the lab analysis performed by Luci Witcomb. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6105618 Thanks to Prof. N. H. Smith for useful input in understanding the genotype data, including the initial suggestion of long-term persistence of genotypes in non-HRAs. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6105618 Thanks to P. Upton for help in generating herd sizes from the CTS database. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6105618 Thanks to A. P. Mitchell for help in the interpretation of the databases, and R. S. Clifton-Hadley for comments on an earlier presentation of this work. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6105618 Thanks to Katie Hampson for insightful input. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4420489 The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (grant number 48027) was the main supporter of this trial. Financial 4420489 This project was also supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH/NEI K23 EYO19881-01), a Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS) grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences at the National Institutes of Health (RFA-GM-11-002) to the University of California, San Francisco (U01-GM087728), and Research to Prevent Blindness. Financial 4420489 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 4420489 We thank the data and safety monitoring committee including Douglas Jabs, MD, MBA (chair), Antoinette Darville, MD, Maureen Maguire, PhD, and Grace Saguti, MD, who were generous with their time and advice, and met before and during the study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4420489 We thank Wayne Enanoria, PhD, for his helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5971212 We thank Claire McCormack and Lucy Li for help in collating the student data sets. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5971212 For funding, we thank the Medical Research Council (UK, Project MR/K000373/1, MR/J008761/1, MR/K010174/1B), the Wellcome Trust (UK, Project 109312/Z/15/Z, 105268/Z/14/Z), the Natural Environment Research Council (UK, Project NE/K014455/1), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1067133) and the Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (0000530/KK/M/3/lpdp2015). Financial 3381229 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the MRC and EPSRC (MJK). Financial 6227249 The authors wish to thank Lisa J. Reimer for use of the lymphatic filariasis data and useful comments during manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5340843 AP, FL, TCP, TL and MG gratefully acknowledge funding of the NTD Modelling Consortium by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in partnership with the Task Force for Global Health. Financial 5340843 The views, opinions, assumptions or any other information set out in this article should not be attributed to Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and The Task Force for Global Health or any person connected with them. Declaration 5340843 TCP, TL, FL and MD also gratefully acknowledge funding from the National Eye Institute (NIH RO1EY025350) and Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB Unrestricted Grant). Financial 5340844 The authors are thankful for the in-depth discussions regarding VL elimination targets, intervention strategies and transmission dynamics held with Daniel Argaw (WHO), Orin Courtenay and Saurabh Jain (WHO). Peer interactive communication and technical support 5340844 LACC and TDH are also very grateful to Simon Spencer for detailed discussions on model fitting. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5340844 EALR, LACC, LEC, SJ, GFM, TDH and SJdV gratefully acknowledge funding of the NTD Modelling Consortium by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in partnership with the Task Force for Global Health. Financial 5340844 ECH and MCB thankfully acknowledge the KALANET consortium funded by the European Union under its 6th Framework Program (INCODEV/Project 015374) and the ‘Visceral leishmaniasis in Bihar State, India' program of the “Tropical Medicine Research Centre” (RFA-AI-06-006). Financial 5340844 The views, opinions, assumptions or any other information set out in this article are solely those of the authors. Declaration 4558460 Thanks to Neil Ferguson for critical feedback on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4558460 Thanks to Tran Tinh Hien, Jeremy Farrar, Cameron Simmons, Huynh Le Anh Huy for help with the initial study setup. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4558460 D. N. V. is supported by the Wellcome Trust (089276/B/09/7). Financial 4558460 Computing and hardware costs were funded by the Li Ka Shing Foundation – University of Oxford Global Health Program (LG05). Financial 4558460 We are grateful to the British Medical Association for the initial funding for this project (HC Roscoe 2011). Financial 6227246 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all the surveyors for their work and all the individuals who took part in this study, Rinah Arinaitwe for her help in managing the data entry, Dan Nyehangane for his support with the laboratory analyses, and Dr Yap Boum II for his help overseeing field activities. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6227246 We are also grateful to Prof Anthony Scott, Dr Fabienne Nackers and Prof Francesco Checchi for their valuable input in the design and protocol of the field surveys, and to Dr Jonathan Read for his thorough comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5871642 This work was supported by the Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises (R2HC) Programme, managed by Research for Humanitarian Assistance (Grant 13165). Financial 5871642 SF, AJK and AC were supported by fellowships from the UK Medical Research Council (SF: MR/K021680/1, AJK: MR/K021524/1, AC: MR/J01432X/1). Financial 5871642 RME was supported by the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 (IMI2) Joint Undertaking under grant agreement EBOVAC1 (Grant 115854). Financial 5871642 The IMI2 is supported by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations. Financial 5340857 MES, BKS, MAI, WAS, SS, DTH, and EM gratefully acknowledge the support of the NTD Modelling Consortium by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Financial 5340857 The views, opinions, assumptions or any other information set out in this article should not be attributed to Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Task Force for Global Health or any person connected with them. Declaration 5340857 MES, BKS, and EM also acknowledge support of this work by the Eck Institute for Global Heath, Notre Dame, and the Office of the Vice President for Research (OVPR), Notre Dame. Financial 4715032 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are grateful to the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, for providing the setting for discussions leading to this paper. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4715032 We acknowledge support from the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) programme of the Science and Technology Directory, Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. Financial 4715032 JLS was also supported by the National Science Foundation (EF-0928987 and OCE-1335657) and the De Logi Chair in Biological Sciences. Financial 4715032 SF was supported by a UK Medical Research Council Career Development Award in Biostatistics. Financial 4715032 SR was supported by: Wellcome Trust Project Award 093488/Z/10/Z; R01 TW008246-01 from Fogarty International Centre; and The Medical Research Council (UK, Project Grant MR/J008761/1). Financial 4715032 JLNW was also supported by the Alborada Trust and the European Union FP7 project ANTIGONE (contract number 278976). Financial 5474356 The authors thank Denise St. Jean and Tanner Steeves for help with laboratory experiments and qPCR. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5474356 We thank Samantha Kay, Max McClure, Malia Carpio, Daniella Kahn, Jessica Bristol, Megan Banner, Bridget Griffith for their contribution to tick and mammal field sampling. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5474356 Thanks to Durland Fish and Peter Krause for sharing laboratory space and earlier discussions of the project. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5474356 Funding:SLS, CIH, SD, DMT AND MDW were supported by the National Institutes of Health, Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease Program (R01 GM105246). Financial 5958914 The research reported in the present paper was partially supported by the FrailSafe Project (H2020-PHC-21-2015 - 690140) “Sensing and predictive treatment of frailty and associated co-morbidities using advanced personalized models and advanced interventions”, co-funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. Financial 5697978 Research reported in this manuscript was supported by the National Institutes of Health under award numbers RO1NS64134 and RO1AG037506 and also Henry Ford Hospital internal grant. Financial 6173321 We are grateful to Dong. General acknowledgement 6173321 S. Kim, M. D. and Cheng Cheng Huang, M. D., Department of Pathology, Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center to provide the immuno-histological diagnosis and images. General statement 6173321 FundingThis work is sponsored in part by the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center NIH grant #P20 MD006875. Financial 4456880 This work was supported by 12SDG9180007 (AHA), K23HL110216 (NHLBI), R21ES022931 (NIEHS), K99NR013187 (NINR), and the University of Pennsylvania CTSA (UL1RR024134). Financial 3677154 This work was supported by The Norwegian Council on Cardiovascular Diseases and Anders Jahre’s Fond. Financial 5787548 The authors thank Kathrin Bieri, Regula Everts, Raimund Kottke, Stefan Schweizer and Rajeev K. Verma for contributing imaging data from healthy controls for secondary use and Christian Güder and Martin Zbinden for supporting us in distributed computing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5787548 We thank our MR technicians for their assistance during data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5770797 We gratefully acknowledge Feng-ming Zhang from the School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, for assistance with the experiment and acquiring funding. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4921998 This study was supported by a grant number 3P05B02025 from State Committee for Scientific Research. Financial 3285773 The authors gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Army Research Office under the Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (W911MF-10-1-0526; University of Pennsylvania as prime institution). Financial 4288044 Ms. Jillian W. Wen edited the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4288044 Mr. Zhongjian Chen of Panax Notoginseng Research Institute of Wenshan State/Region, Yunnan Province, China provided the artistic drawing of notoginseng. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4288044 This study is supported, in part, by a grant from the Department of Education, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China (New Century Higher Education Reform program in Guangxi: Research and Practice of English Curriculum System in Nursing at Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine College) (2011JGZD. Financial 4288044 014) (to Dongying Xu). General statement 5895751 We would like to thank Mateo Scheidt, Leonardo Martinez, Danielle Seth-Hunter, Amanda Wu, and Aaron Green for assisting with data collection in this study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5895751 In addition, we would like to thank Dan Hanchey, Sirian Wang, and Svetlana Akim for their software and technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5895751 Finally, we would like to thank Shankar Radhakrishnan for review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6215837 The Authors would like to thank Dr. Ludovica Tamburrino for her technical assistance in video-polysomnography assessments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3153852 The authors would like to acknowledge Gunnel Roos and Ann-Kristin Holmén-Pålbrink for excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3153852 The authors would also like to acknowledge the staff at the surgical ward at the Department of Neurosurgery. General acknowledgement 3153852 This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council Project 3362 (to Eva Degerman) and 2611 (to Måns Magnusson); the Swedish Diabetes Association; the Swedish Society of Medicine; the A. Påhlsson foundation and the Novo Nordisk Foundation, Denmark. Financial 5994408 The authors thank the TrackOn-HD study participants, as well as all TrackOn-HD investigators. General acknowledgement 5994408 The article processing charge was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg in the funding program Open Access Publishing. Financial 5681498 The authors are thankful to P. Ponsaerts for his help regarding the NeuN immunohistochemistry and providing the fluorescent microscope for FjC analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5681498 We are grateful to UCB Biopharma and to Georges Mairet-Coello, Mathieu Schmitt, and Tania Deprez for the use of the slide scanner. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5681498 Our gratitude also goes to K. Szewczyk for her support in the performance of the experimental procedures. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5701923 The authors thank Raphaël Demettre and Marion Ouali-Kisler (Hospital of Bar-le-Duc); Nicolas Petit (Hospital of Verdun); Corinne Guazzetti (Hospital of Mont-Saint-Martin); Gilles Aubertin (Hospital of Sarrebourg); Christophe Mansuy and Frédérique Unternehr (Hospital of Saint-Dié-des-Vosges); Edith Peltier (Hospital of Neufchâteau), Jean Groetzinger, and Corinne Roldo (University Hospital of Nancy); and Jean-Louis Fuchs (ARS Grand Est) for participation to data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5701923 The authors also thank Felicity Neilson, Matrix Consultants, for having reviewed the English language with scientific expertise. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5769192 We thank Ariel Novelli (arielnovelli@dr-panel.com) from Dr. Panel (www.dr-panel.com) for preparing the online survey, data recollection, and statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5769192 We thank Susana M. Giachello, president of ALCEM, for the diffusion of the survey. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4181230 Authors Alessandro G. Allievi and Tomoki Arichi are supported by funding from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Council UK (EPSRC) and National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) UK. Financial 4181230 The project was funded in part by the EU-FP7 PEOPLE-2012-ITN-317488 CONTEST and ICT-601003 BALANCE grants. Financial 4181230 The authors thank David Edwards, Harriet Cullen, and Domenico Campolo for assistance with the figures. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5650971 The author is supported by the Swedish Brain Foundation and local hospital ALF funds. Financial 5650971 The author also thanks Drs. Sami Abu Hamdeh and Parmenion P. Tsitsopoulos for their valuable input on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5650971 The illustration in Figure 1 was generously provided by Dr. Abu Hamdeh. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5601955 The authors acknowledge the patients who participated in this study for their time and effort. General acknowledgement 5601955 The authors also thank Katarzyna Kulbacka-Ortiz and Ingrid Rignér for their support during this research. General acknowledgement 4661235 The authors thank the patients and their families for their participation. General acknowledgement 5863505 The authors wish to acknowledge Oogwereld Ritchi Maastricht, Mestrini Maastricht, Specsavers Wyckerbrugstraat Maastricht and Eye Care for You Maastricht for their support. General acknowledgement 5863505 HK and RB are supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 17-15-01249). Financial 6103268 CA and SKL are research fellows, OG and AT are post-doctoral fellows, and SL is research director at FRS-FNRS. General statement 6103268 We thank Pr P. Maquet, Pr B. Sadzot, Dr E. Rikir and J. M. Klein from the Neurology department, University Hospital of Liège, as well as the whole Neurology staff, patients, and their families. General acknowledgement 6099084 The authors wish to thank Richard Lusardi B. Sc. General acknowledgement 6099084 M. A. (T. E. F. L.) for his revision of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3691518 This work was founded by Otto von Guericke University, by DFG (grant no. 436 POL 126/0-1), and by the ERA-net neuron project “Restoration of Vision after Stroke (REVIS),” BMBF (grant nr: 01EW1210). Financial 3691518 The sponsors funded the analysis and interpretation of the data but had no influence over the content or interpretation of the data. Declaration 5874309 We would like to acknowledge Dr. Bharat Karumuri and Mr. Omar Alamoudi in Dr. Iasemidis’ Brain Dynamics Laboratory at Louisiana Tech University for assisting with modifications of the in-house developed GPDC code and its use in the conduct of this study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5686060 The authors are especially grateful to patients and their caregivers, who are our lifelong teachers about their disease. General acknowledgement 5686060 MK contributed to this work as a former employee of NINDS, and the opinions expressed in this work do not represent her current affiliation. Declaration 3679469 The views expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army/Department of Defense, nor the US Government. Declaration 3679469 All procedures described in this article were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Declaration 3679469 Research was conducted in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and other federal statutes and regulations relating to animals and experiments involving animals and adhered to the principles stated in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NRC, 8th Edition, 2011). Declaration 3679469 The animals were housed in a facility accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International. Declaration 5712315 The authors thank the Spanish Society of Neurology’s Research Operations Office for helping in the English edition of this paper. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5516096 We would like to thank Drs. Haifang Lai and Yanyan Li for their help in human experiments and assistance from Drs. Xin He and Juan C. Marquez with computation of muscle synergy. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5516096 This work is supported in part by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81271684 and No. 61361160415), a National Basic Research Program of Project 973 by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2011CB013304), and an Interdisciplinary Research Grant for Medicine and Engineering (No. Financial 5516096 YG2014ZD09) from Shanghai Jiao Tong University. General statement 4176037 The authors received financial support for the research of this article from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain (ref. Financial 4463933 We thank C. Sommer for providing expert technical assistance in animal experiments and immunohistology, and A. Weishaupt and S. Hellmig for preparation of IgG solutions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4463933 This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 581 , GE2519_3-1), the IZKF, and CSCC Jena (E-3.3). Financial 5840257 The authors thank Ms. Mingmei Ge, Ms. Xiangfeng Meng from PLA Army General Hospital, and Mr. Hai Song from GE Healthcare for providing technical support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5050200 Rosângela Martins, for the statistics. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5050200 Lisa Morrison Thuler, for the manuscript English revision. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3289131 Sangeeta Balabhadrapatruni and Jean Ha Baek were supported by University of Otago Ph. D. Scholarships. Financial 3289131 Yiwen Zheng was supported by a Sir Charles Hercus HRC Senior Research Fellowship. Financial 3289131 We would like to thank Prof. Robert Sloviter for his help in visually inspecting the cell layers of the hippocampus for possible changes in neuronal morphology. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3289131 This research was supported by grants from the New Zealand Neurological Foundation. Financial 6277574 The Department of Neurology University of Utah supported the research reported in this manuscript. Financial 6277574 The authors retained full independence in the conduct of this research and have no relevant conflicts of interest to report. Declaration 5989317 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to YX (grant numbers 81530037, 81471158), the National Natural Science Foundation to CS (grant number U1404311), the National Natural Science Foundation to JY (grant number 81600946) and the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0105000). Financial 5989317 We acknowledge all the participants including both patients and healthy controls. General acknowledgement 5951924 The authors would like to thank Kazi Akhter and Jiadi Xu for assistance with MR imaging. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3607801 Cesar V. Borlongan provided the initial background search and assisted in the manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3607801 Brian Giunta, Jun Tan, and Cesar V. Borlongan conceived the review subject. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3607801 Diana G. Hernandez-Ontiveros conducted the literature search, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3607801 Diana G. Hernandez-Ontiveros, Naoki Tajiri, Sandra Acosta, and Cesar V. Borlongan revised and wrote the final draft. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3607801 All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Declaration 3607801 Cesar V. Borlongan is supported by the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke 1R01NS071956-01, and Department of Defense W81XWH-11-1-0634, and the James and Esther King Foundation for Biomedical Research Program 1KG01-33966. Financial 6156245 First, we have to thank our patients for the willingness to take part in this study. General acknowledgement 6156245 We have to thank Jeanette Witzke and Kerstin Kaiser at the neurochemical laboratory, Magdeburg for performing the excellent laboratory work. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6156245 Furthermore, we have to thank Christian Bien at the Mara Epilepsy Center Bielefeld, Germany for laboratory work, samples and comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3775312 This study was supported by the Academy of Finland under Project 252748. Financial 4389725 The authors would like to acknowledge the agencies who have taken a multidisciplinary approach to laboratory blast simulations for studies of injury and protective countermeasures by including blast scientists in the design, conduct, and interpretation of their experiments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4389725 Notable among these leaders are Dr. G. Ling (DARPA), Dr. P. Vandevord (Virginia Tech), Dr. J. Long (WRAIR), Dr. P. Kochanek (University of Pittsburgh), and Mr. M. Maffeo (Natick Soldier Systems Center). General statement 4161003 This work was supported in part by, Lotus Biotech.com, GEMI Fund and Henry Jackson Foundation DBSCIP. Financial 4161003 Daniel Xing proofread the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3769634 This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-57840 and MOP-93815). Financial 3581761 This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant MH59839. Financial 3581761 The authors thank Dr. Takatoshi Mochizuki for his technical support with the sleep scoring software and for his valuable suggestions for this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5385458 The authors would like to thank Yvonne Extra and Afra Bruinen from the Audiological Center of MUMC+ for performing the ABR measurements. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4491622 This work was partially supported by the European STREP Program – Collaborative Project no. Financial 4491622 FP7-287320 – CONTRAST. General statement 4491622 Possible inaccuracies of information are under the responsibility of the project team. Declaration 4491622 The text reflects solely the views of its authors. Declaration 4491622 The European Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Declaration 4491622 Published with the support of the University of Graz, Austria. Financial 5465241 FAPESP, CAPES, CNPq, FAPESP/CNPq/MCT—Instituto Nacional de Neurociência Translacional, FAPEMIG, and CEPID/FAPESP are acknowledged for supporting our studies. Financial 5809457 We are indebted to Dr. Farrah Mateen and Maggie Cochran for their thorough review and edition of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5809457 SS is supported by FIC-NIH training grant D43TW001140. Financial 5827163 The authors wish to thank José Labarère for his insights and guidance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5827163 J-LP has received grants/research support from Resmed, Philips, Fisher and Paykel, Agiradom, Astra Zeneca Mutualia (research support), Vitalaire, Air Liquide Foundation (research support), and honoraria or consultation fees from Resmed, Philips, Agiradom, Astra Zeneca, Bohringer. Financial 5827163 J-CB reports grants and personal fees from Philips, salaries from AGIR à dom, personal fees and other from RESMED, other from NOMICS, outside the submitted work. Financial 6288226 We are grateful to the Jupitor Corporation for their help with the operation of the GYROLAB GL-4000. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6288226 We also thank Dr. Risa Tamura (Department of Rehabilitation, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan) for her advice regarding the discussion section. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6288226 We thank Sydney Koke, MFA, and Peter Mittwede, MD, PhD, from Edanz Group (www.edanzediting.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5992288 We would like to thank all RAMCIP consortium partners, especially CERTH (Ph. D. Ioannis Kostavelis, MS Georgia Peleka, MS Andreas Kargakos, and MEng Iason Sarantopoulous) and ACCREA (Ph. D. Bartłomiej Stanczyk and MEng Małgorzata Szyszko) for the technical support of the trials. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5992288 We would like to thank Professor Renata Włoch Coordinator DELab, Digital Society Programme Coordinator, Institute of Sociology University of Warsaw for support given at societal impact survey items creation. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5810419 This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ; the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality ; the Academic Leader Training Plan of Shanghai Pudong New Area Health System [Grant No. Financial 5810419 PWRd2016-07] and the scientific research project of the Shanghai health and family planning committee . General statement 5810419 The imaging data used in this article were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database (http://adni.loni.usc.edu/); the Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval documents are not generally available through this database. Declaration 5810419 As such, the investigators within the ADNI contributed to the design and implementation of the ADNI data and/or provided data but did not participate in the analysis or writing of this report. Declaration 5810419 A complete listing of ADNI investigators can be found at http://adni.loni.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/how_to_apply/ADNI_Acknowledgement_List.pdf. Declaration 4456861 We thank Hester van Diepen and Dr. Tom de Boer for providing figures for this review and Dr. Erno Vreugdenhil for his useful comments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4456861 This work is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, complexity grant (no. 645.000.010). Financial 3057437 The authors thank inventor Palle R. Jensen for constructing the color pupillometer, senior scientist Ph. D. Birgitte Thestrup, and associate professor Beata Kardynal (Technical University of Denmark, Department of Photonics Engineering) for technical assistance of safety issues. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3057437 The project was supported by The VELUX Foundation, The John and Birthe Meyer Foundation, The University of Copenhagen (SUNDs Institut stipendium), The Danish Eye Health Society (Øjenforeningen Værn om Synet), The Danish Eye Research Foundation (Øjenfonden), Danish Research Council., Open Eyes Foundation, and Loterie Romande. Financial 4058708 The authors thank the ICU staff of the Medisch Spectrum Twente for enabling the measurements in the ICU. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4058708 Mrs. C. Eertman and Mr. T. Tiehatten are thanked for performing most of the EEG measurements. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5696351 We thank Noha Gerges for her help in the final revision of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4812774 We thank Denis Thatenhorst for the preparation of the microglial cells, Heidrun Breuker for help in the laboratory, Astrid Gesper for helpful suggestions during data analysis, Isabel Kohtz for preliminary experiments using TNFR antibodies, and Rolf Heumann, Michael Hollmann and Thomas Günther-Pomorski for the support of our research group. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6275232 The authors are grateful to all participating patients and their families. General acknowledgement 6275232 The authors are thankful to Andrei Khomenko (MD), Dobri Baldaranov (MD), Jenni Rösl (MD) and Ohnmar Hsam (MD) for sustained treatment of patients, and to Ines Kobor (MS) for assistance in maintenance of the database. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6153367 We much appreciated the infants and their parents for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6153367 We would like to thank the department of rehabilitation center, children's hospital of Chongqing medical university for recruiting infants and their help in data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4009435 The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant HL-092962 and a Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft research fellowship DFG Ste1899/1-1 to Georg M. Stettner. Financial 4009435 Irma Rukhadze and Leszek Kubin conducted the experiments, analyzed the results, wrote, and edited the manuscript; Julie Kalter analyzed the results; Georg M. Stettner analyzed the results, wrote, and edited the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5350135 The authors thank Dmitri Ogorodnikov for the technical assistance with equipment maintenance and for developing algorithms to determine systolic, diastolic, and mean BP. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5350135 They also thank Mark Hajjar, Shruti Shenbagam, and Rupa Mirmira for editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3784794 I would like to thank Professor Peter W. Schofield, Associate Professor E. Arthur Shores, Dr James Donnelly, and Dr Bradley Partridge for proving comments and recommendations for this case study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6287003 We acknowledge support by the DFG Open Access Publication Funds of the Ruhr-University Bochum. Financial 5908882 Elaine M. Lilly, PhD, provided English language assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5523078 The work was supported by grants from the Medical Research Council UK (Senior Non-Clinical Fellowship Award G1002055), the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh, and Karolinska Institutet, Swedish Defence (FOT-AF.9221006). Financial 5523078 The MRI scanning was performed at the Department of Comparative Medicine/Karolinska Experimental Research and Imaging Centre at Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden. Declaration 5601416 This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81071779 and No. 81371840), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. Financial 5601416 ZR2016HL34), Shandong Provincial Fund for Awarding Excellent Young and Middle-age Scientist (No. General statement 5601416 BS2010YY006) and Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (No. General statement 5601416 The study was performed in the laboratory of General Surgery and the Central Laboratory of Union Hospital at Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Wuhan, China). Declaration 5601416 The authors thank the members of staff from these laboratories. General acknowledgement 5399087 The authors are thankful for the cooperation of the participants and their families. General acknowledgement 5399087 The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Jessica Schreiber and Maor Gidron for their editorial input. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5399087 In addition we would like to thank the Grant of the Israel Science Foundation 1510/16 awarded to RG. Financial 4211389 This work was supported by NSERC Canada and FRQNT Québec. Financial 4211389 The authors would like to thank Dr. Stephen Frey for many helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4631949 We would like to thank all study participants and their families that supported this study. General acknowledgement 4631949 Our thanks also go to Mr. Weikei Yu and Mr. Michael Holloway for the acquisition of MRI scans, Ms. Tiffani Jantz, Mr. David Martinez and Ms. Jellena Rakic for the acquisition of neuropsychological test scores and Mr. Barry Rodgers for his assistance with the analysis of neuropsychological test scores. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4631949 Lastly, we would like to thank Dr. Ian Robertson and Dr. Vas Asha for their helpful suggestions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4631949 This work has been supported by Department of Defense CDMRP grants W81XWH-11-2-0194 to DCK and W81XWH-11-2-0195 to SBC and a grant from the Meadows Foundation to DCK and SBC. Financial 6135916 The author thanks Eefje van der Kaaden and Sigrún Víkingsdóttir for their contributions in preparing Figures 1, 3, respectively. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5566617 The present work was performed in fulfillment of the requirements for obtaining the degree “Dr. med.” Declaration 5566617 This work was supported by the Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) and by the DFG (JCMS, SCHL2102/1-1). Financial 5566617 We acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) within the funding program Open Access Publishing. Financial 5566617 We thank Pascal Schön and Georg Zweyer for their valuable help in updating, revising, and maintaining the movement disorder center database. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6053923 EL has received research support from the National Institutes of Health: NINDS #R01 NS094607 (principal investigator), NINDS #R01 NS085136 (principal investigator), NINDS #R01 NS073872 (principal investigator), NINDS #R01 NS085136 (principal investigator) and NINDS #R01 NS088257 (principal investigator). Financial 6053923 He has also received support from the Claire O'Neil Essential Tremor Research Fund (Yale University). Financial 4541289 This publication was funded by the Italian Ministry of Health; the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Germany; the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw); the Leading National Research Centre, Poland; the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey; Norwegian Research Council; and the Swedish Research Council, and is a part of the BIOMARKAPD project in the JPND programme (www.jpnd.eu). Financial 4541289 SE was supported by the University of Antwerp Research Fund and the Alzheimer Research Foundation (SAO-FRA); the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT: www.iwt.be); the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO: www.fwo.be); the Belgian Science Policy Office Interuniversity Attraction Poles (IAP) program (BELSPO: www.belspo.be); the Flemish Government initiated Methusalem excellence grant (EWI: www.ewi-vlaanderen.be); the Flanders Impulse Program on Networks for Dementia Research (VIND). Financial 5133434 The author would like to thank Ken Van for editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5787145 We thank Sarah Mientka, Biological/Pre-Medical Illustrator for editing the images. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5497061 We would like to thank Kees van Uffelen from VUmc for his technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5497061 Additionally, all used kits were provided for free by the vendors involved in this study. Declaration 5497061 This work was supported by the BIOMARKAPD research project within the EU JPND. Financial 5497061 The project is supported through national funding organizations under the aegis of JPND (http://www.jpnd.eu). Financial 5497061 For the Netherlands, the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw); for France, the French National Research Agency (ANR); for Switzerland, the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). General statement 5497061 BIODEM UAntwerp was in part supported by the University of Antwerp Research Fund and the Alzheimer Research Foundation (SAOFRA); the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT) (www.iwt.be); the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) (www.fwo.be); the Belgian Science Policy Office Interuniversity Attraction Poles (IAP) program (BELSPO) (www.belspo.be); the Flemish Government initiated Methusalem excellence grant (EWI) (www.ewi-vlaanderen.be); the Flanders Impulse Program on Networks for Dementia Research (VIND). Financial 5497061 Part of this project is covered by a bilateral research agreement between University of Antwerp and ADx NeuroSciences. Declaration 5497061 The Radboudumc was supported by the CAVIA project (ZonMw-nr. Financial 5497061 733050202), part of “Memorabel”, the research and innovation program for dementia, as part of the Dutch national “Deltaplan for Dementia” (zonmw.nl/dementiaresearch). General statement 5497061 EV is co-founder of ADx NeuroSciences. General statement 5497061 SE was/is consultant for and/or received research funding from Janssen Pharmaceutica, ADx NeuroSciences, Innogenetics/Fujirebio Europe, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, Roche diagnostics, Nutricia/Danone, and Eli Lilly. Financial 5497061 MV serves on an advisory board for Roche Diagnostics. General statement 5497061 CT served on the advisory board of Fujirebio and Roche, received research consumables from Euroimmun, IBL, Fujirebio, Invitrogen, and Meso Scale Discovery, and performed contract research for IBL, Shire, Boehringer, Roche, and Probiodrug; and received grants from the European Commission, the Dutch Research Council (ZonMw), Association of Frontotemporal Dementia, ISAO, and the Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation. Financial 5497061 The other co-authors do not have any conflicts of interest to report. Declaration 3379727 The authors thank Xavier Montana for help in data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3379727 This work was financially supported by FER grant EC9014000007 from Université Libre de Bruxelles to Cécile Colin, by the FRFC grant no. 2.4621.07: “Seeing to hear better: normal and atypical development” to Jacqueline Leybaert. Financial 3379727 The authors are grateful to René Carré (CNRS researcher at ENST Paris) for providing the speech synthesis software. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4330892 JE was funded by The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada and PT was funded by Research Center Jülich. Financial 3717618 This work was supported in part by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR; MOP-111085) and the Canada Research Chairs Program (Ravi S. Menon), and from the Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships Program (Matthew P. Quinn). Financial 6135889 We are very grateful to patients who participated in this study and their families. General acknowledgement 6135889 We thank the MRI technicians Giancarlo Lembo, Luca Brenz, and the nurse Lucia for technical assistance during the acquisition of the MRI scans. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6135889 This work was supported by the Italian National Institutes of Health and by Ogni Giorno per Emma ONLUS Association. Financial 5694141 This work was supported by grants from the Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Award I01BX000883 (AS), Department of Veterans Affairs BLR&D Research Career Scientist award 1IK6BX003612 (AS), Department of Defense (GWIRP grant, W81XWH-14-1-0572 to AKS), and a Visiting Scientist Award from CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education, Government of Brazil (OC). Financial 6082953 The Italian Ministry of Health and Fondazione Roma financially supported GC and VP. Financial 6189337 The authors are thankful to Christine Klindt-Schuster and Dr. Susmita Roy (both from the clinic rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich) for their help with collecting and organizing experimental data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5767220 The research was supported by a grant of the Basic Science Research Program through the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea (NRF-2016R1D1A1B03933173) and by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIP) (NRF-2017R1E1A2A02067113). Financial 5767220 All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 5701972 We thank Dr. Bronwyn Gaut for her critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5476968 The authors would like to thank Vicki Ephron for participant care and facilitation between laboratory and clinical settings. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3915239 Special thanks to Associate Professor Trevor Norman of the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia for the provision of equipment required for behavioral testing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3915239 Special thanks to Professor Andrew Sinclair of Deakin University Warrnambool, VIC, Australia for the provision of facilities to conduct fatty acid analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5289979 This work is supported by European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action BM1101 “European network for the study of dystonia syndromes.” Financial 6062589 The study was supported by the intramural research program of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the Clinical Center/ US National Institutes of Health (NIH). Financial 6280333 We would like to thank our team at the Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center for their efforts in making this research possible. General acknowledgement 6280333 We thank Dr. Michael Nitsche for assistance with developing our MEP protocol. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6280333 This Research was sponsored by the Army Research Laboratory and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-17-2-0001. Financial 6280333 The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U. S. Government. Declaration 6280333 The U. S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein. Declaration 4378292 We thank Colin Smith for his insightful comments in reviewing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4378292 This work was supported by the Portland VA Research Foundation and the use of resources and facilities at the VA Portland Health Care System (ML), and NIH R01NS069629 and R37HD059288 grants (AC). Financial 5322576 Special thanks to J. Pircher, MD, Department of Cardiology, München, Germany, for the technical support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5179522 We would like to acknowledge the contributions of all personnel at the neurosurgical research laboratory (R2:02), Department of Clinical Neuroscience, located at Neurocentrum, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. General acknowledgement 3477765 The authors thank Josh Williams for checking the English of this article. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3183350 This study was partly supported by the Eldor-Metzner Clinician Scientist Award, Chief Scientist, Ministry of Health, Israel (Nitza Goldenberg-Cohen, #3-3741), and The Zanvyl and Isabelle Krieger Fund, Baltimore, MD, USA. Financial 5946009 The authors thank the members of the Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging and the Tianjin Neuroimmunology laboratory team for patient recruitment and collection of clinical data, and patients as well as healthy volunteers for participating in this study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6293196 The authors wish to thank the patient and his family for participating to the study. General acknowledgement 6293196 This work was supported by the Italian Ministry of health grant n. RC 2017-2018, by the 5XMille Funds to MTB. Financial 6125374 We thank the ALS patients and health controls for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 3463899 The authors thank Prof. Dr. André Aleman for kindly providing MRI data from controls scanned at the UMCG. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3463899 This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), The Hague, The Netherlands (VICI innovation grant number 453-07-001) and by the FP7-PEOPLE-ITN-2008 Marie Curie Actions Networks for Initial Training (ITN) funding scheme, grant number 238665, project Neuroendocrine Immune Networks in Ageing (NINA). Financial 4443738 This work was supported by grants from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (grant numbers 437015, 607358); the Financial Markets Foundation for Children (grant number 032-2007). Financial 4443738 JC and YL are also grateful to past support from the MCRI, which is supported in part by the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Financial 4443738 We thank Katrina Williams for her useful comments on the manuscript and the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4335175 Supported in part by a Rapid Response Innovation grant from the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research. Financial 5681936 QW was sponsored by grant number 81371304 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grand number 15PJD031 from Shanghai Pujiang Program, and grand number 12ZR1424400 from the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai. Financial 5572389 The authors thank Anne-Marie Williams for editorial assistance (English language editing and referencing). Peer interactive communication and technical support 5723053 This study was supported by grants from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, Grant No 2013/26585-5), CAPES—Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Nível Superior, Brasília, Brazil, and CNPq—Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (No 307393/2014-3), Brasília, Brazil. Financial 5723053 The funding organizations had no role in the design or conduct of this research. Declaration 6048271 The authors wish to thank the patients enrolled in this research. General acknowledgement 5075646 We acknowledge to all members of the Meniere disease’s Consortium (MeDiC), a network of clinical and research centers contributing to the study of Meniere’s disease. General acknowledgement 6277459 The Authors thank patients' parents, who have written informed consent for participation in the study; individual II-3 (F1) signed her own consent. General acknowledgement 6277459 Authorization to publish photos has been given for all the patients shown in the figure. Declaration 5926540 The authors would like to thank Lara Brandão MD, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil for his assistance of the figures and thank Guiquan Shen for help in writing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5926540 This study was granted from National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No. 81471645). Financial 6018204 The authors thank the ALS patients for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6018204 This study was supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81371394 and 81511140101) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFC0901504). Financial 5479894 The authors thank Michele Colombo for help in selecting the linear model. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5116770 We would like to thank all the participants who gave up their time to contribute to this study. General acknowledgement 5116770 We would also like to thank Bayer, Australia, for providing the financial support for this study. Financial 3584258 The Norwegian Council on Cardiovascular Diseases and Anders Jahres’ Fond (TB) and Novo Nordisk Foundation, Denmark (JJ). General statement 5466968 The authors wish to thank members of the Dorelab, the University of Florida Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, and the McKnight Brain Institute. General acknowledgement 5466968 We also thank Corey Astrom for her expert editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6215830 The authors wish to thank physiotherapists Yinliang Zhang and Yang Yang for their excellent work on performance assessment. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6224516 The authors are thankful to the technical and statistical support from Ling Ge Chen. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6127614 VC-V, AT, AM, and OG are post-doctoral fellows, and SL is research director at FRS-FNRS. General statement 6127614 The authors thank the whole staff from the Neurology, Radiodiagnostic and Nuclear Medicine departments, the certified neurologist EEG, the University Hospital of Liège and the patient. General acknowledgement 5725407 This research is supported in part by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health with AR as Principal investigator of the project. Financial 5126074 The authors acknowledge funding from The University of Manitoba (UofM), The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), The Winnipeg Health Sciences Centre Foundation (HSCF), and Brain Canada. Financial 5126074 The authors would also like to thank Teresa Figley and all of the wonderful MRI Technologists at the Winnipeg Health Sciences Centre (particularly Paul Barrette, Brandi Adolphe, Laura Garry, Cynthia Kulczycki, Mike Gordillo, Cindy Storey, Alexi Thiessen, and Caitlin Gallant) for helping with the MRI scheduling and data acquisition, and to all of the Pathology Technicians (particularly, Samuel Findlay, Cheryl Fernando, Terry Beach, Chris Kacsmar, and Marvin Mayuga) for their assistance in procuring and preserving the brain specimens. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5126074 We would also like to extend special thanks to the developers of the MP2RAGE sequence (Drs. Tobias Kober and Bénédicte Maréchal at Siemens) for kindly sharing their work-in-progress (WIP) package with us. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4174860 The authors wish to thank Francine Giroux (biostatistician) and Dr. Claudine Habak for advice regarding statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4174860 Additional thanks to all participants who kindly participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4174860 This work was supported by an operating grant from Canadian Institutes of Health Research and a Parkinson Society Canada Psychosocial grant to Oury Monchi. Financial 6220044 This study was supported by the Basic Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea, funded by grant NRF-2016R1D1A1B03930394 (JS), NRF-2018R1A2B6001104 (Y-KK). Financial 6220044 This study was also financially supported by Chonnam National University (2017–2859) (JS). Financial 5562679 We thank the Orthoptik teams of the Luzerner Kantonsspital and of the Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde, Inselspital, Bern, especially Beatrice Lang and Eveline Gentile, for their help and support. General acknowledgement 3103995 The authors thank Gabi Lipede for improving the English. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5649178 The authors would like to thank Bayer AG, for their support in the English editing and academic writing review. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6287012 We are grateful to the Sveus stroke group; Ekstrand E, Fagervall-Yttling B, Henricson L, Kostulas K, Lilja M, Teichert J, Pessah-Rasmussen H for valuable clinical and scientific input when creating the database, to the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke, www.riksstroke.org) and the different healthcare regions for providing data for this study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5623671 The authors would like to thank John Lunde, Dr. Diane Lagace, Mirela Barclay, Christine Luckhart, and Dr. Stephen Ferguson for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4076745 Financial Support: FAPESP CInAPCe Program 2005/56663-1 (CIERMag). Financial 4076745 Roberson S. Polli was supported by a FAPESP fellowship 08/51763-6. Financial 4076745 We thank Vegeflora Extrações do Nordeste Ltda for kindly donating pilocarpine hydrochloride. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4103084 We thank members of the Sun lab for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4103084 This work was supported by the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from China (Yase Chen and Beisha Tang), the Hirschl/Weill-Caulier Trust (Tao Sun), and an R01-MH083680 grant from the NIH/NIMH (Tao Sun). Financial 5583507 We thank the Centre for Health Record Linkage (CHeReL) for data linkage and data custodians from the NSW Ministry of Health for supplying de-identified data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3848082 This article has been supported by grants from FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo); CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico); FAPESP/FAPEMIG; FAPESP/PRONEX and FAPESP/CNPq/MCT (Instituto Nacional de Neurociência Translacional); and AFIP. Financial 6099079 We thank Dr. Ning Chang for her help with the language. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4337341 We thank Rafael Rojas MD, Beth Isreal Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA, Laura Horky, MD, Park, Mi-Ae, PhD, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, for providing the figures. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3062465 This work was supported by grants from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS-PI05-0163), Madrid, Programa de Creación y Consolidación de Grupos de Investigación Universidad Complutense-Comunidad de Madrid (CCG08-UCM/SAL-4188), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina (PICT 2007-01045) and the University of Buenos Aires (M 006). Financial 3062465 Daniel P. Cardinali is a Research Career Awardee from the Argentine Research Council (CONICET) and Professor Emeritus, University of Buenos Aires. General statement 3062465 Pablo A. Scacchi is a postdoctoral fellow from CONICET. General statement 5960675 The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Matt Rasband for his assistance in developing the blast wave generator. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3041465 This study was supported by grant of the Korea Health 21 R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (A080750). Financial 3041465 The authors thank Jong-Hee Lee for experimental assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5385465 The authors thank all the patients who took time to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 5385465 The research was funded by the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (2014097). Financial 6036145 This project was funded by an NHMRC Project Grant (1085461 CIA AvdW). Financial 6036145 AV receives funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia (Career Development Fellowship ID 1082910), received funding from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and receives institutional support from The University of Melbourne. Financial 6036145 He has participated in scientific advisory board meetings for Novartis, UCB Pharma, Allergan, and Boehringer Ingelheim. General statement 6036145 He has received conference travel support from Boehringer Ingelheim. Financial 6036145 HB is supported by an NHRMC Practitioner Fellowship 1080518. Financial 6036145 AvdW is supported by an NHMRC Early Career Fellowship (1123330). Financial 6036145 SK receives grant income from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and has received honoraria from Novartis. Financial 4186305 Lucy Handscomb is supported by a studentship from the British Tinnitus Association. Financial 4186305 Derek J. Hoare and Deborah A. Hall are supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit Funding Scheme. Financial 4186305 The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health. Declaration 6064931 The authors would like to acknowledge Sebina Bulic and May Kim-Tenser for contributing to data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6064931 We would also like to acknowledge Alejandro Vazquez for assisting with the formatting of tables and figures. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3361857 This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (2RO1NS046400) and the NIH/National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (1R21AT005246; R21 AT005085). Financial 6216253 We are grateful to all participants for their involvement. General acknowledgement 6216253 We would like to thank Professor Elizabeth Warrington for helpful discussions around this work. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6216253 The Dementia Research Centre is supported by Alzheimer's Research UK, Brain Research Trust, and The Wolfson Foundation. Financial 6193084 The authors thank the neurologists of the AQUISEP network for their involvement in recruiting patients. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6193084 The authors thank Dr. JC Ouallet and Dr. P Louiset for referring patients to the study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6193084 This work has been performed with the help of the French Observatoire of Multiple Sclerosis (OFSEP). Declaration 3850169 Chanin Wright, Jana Downing, Diana Mungall, Owais Khan, Amanda Williams, Ekokobe Fonkem, Darin Garrett, Jose Aceves, and Batool Kirmani – nothing to disclose in relation to the use of LEV. Declaration 5337999 The authors thank to FAPESP (São Paulo State Research Foundation) Grant # 2012/10544-5 and to CAPES (Brazil) AUXPE #1604/2015 for funding this research, the participating subjects, Dr. Vanderci Borges and Dr. Marcia M. Fukushima for the valuable suggestions to the final version of the manuscript. Financial 5994409 This project was supported by grants from the NIH National Institute on Aging (P50AG023501, P01AG019724, R01AG052496, R01AG032306, R01AG057204, 1K23AG040127, and 1K23AG045289), and The Larry L. Hillblom Foundation (2013-A-029-SUP and 2005/2T). Financial 5994409 Time for this research was also supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (MH020006-16A1). Financial 5994409 We are grateful for the patients, healthy controls, and families that have participated in our research studies. General acknowledgement 6066536 This work was supported by the National Institute of Deafness and Communicative Disorders (R01 DC007658). Financial 4345883 Studies by the author mentioned in this review were supported by: NIH EY18607, AHAF/BrightFocus National Glaucoma Foundation, EY02687 (Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University), NIH Neuroscience Blueprint Interdisciplinary Core Grant P30 NS057105 (Washington University), the HOPE Center for Neurological Disorders (Washington University), and the Spastic Paralysis Research Foundation of the Illinois-Eastern Iowa District of Kiwanis International. Financial 5108767 Data presented in this study were included as part of CP’s doctorate thesis (56). Declaration 5108767 We would like to thank all volunteers for participating in the study. General acknowledgement 5108767 We are grateful for the assistance with subject recruitment provided by The Dystonia Coalition, National Spasmodic Torticollis Foundation, and Dystonia Global Registry. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5108767 We are grateful for Dr. Teresa J. Kimberley’s assistance with data analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5108767 We also thank Doug Bernhard, Simon Lacey, Laura Rose, Ami Rosen, and Diane Sutcliffe for technical assistance and help with subject recruitment. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6019446 Katrina Albert, Maria Haimi, Doug Howard, Antti Huovinen, Jaan Korpikoski, Aneta Petrušková, and Congjun Zheng, are acknowledged for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6019446 This work was supported by The Finnish Parkinson Foundation, Finnish Cultural Foundation, and Instrumentarium Science Foundation; Academy of Finland grants #250275, #256398, #277910, and #281394; Biocentrum Helsinki; Sigrid Juselius Foundation; 3iRegeneration Tekes; and the Intramural Research Program at the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health. Financial 4241835 Diana Olszewska – writing first draft, corrections; Conor Fearon – writing first draft, corrections; Tim Lynch – review, critique. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3305947 The technical assistance of Machinandiarena, M. A., and Prato, C., in the determination of creatinine and cyclosporine levels is gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3305947 Supported by a fellowship from the University of Buenos Aires to Marcelo E. Katz. Financial 3305947 Diego A. Golombek is a member of the National Research Council (CONICET). General statement 3305947 The contribution from GAH was supported by the NHMRC and in part by the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Financial 3319907 This study was supported by the Belgian Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (F. N. R. S.), the Fondation Médicale Reine Elisabeth, the Research Fund of ULg, and PAI/IAP Interuniversity Pole of Attraction P5/04. Financial 3319907 Geneviève Albouy is supported by a PhD grant from the French “Ministère de la Recherche.” Financial 3319907 Gilles Vandewalle, Evelyne Balteau, Mélanie Boly, Thien Thanh Dang-Vu, Martin Desseilles, Christophe Phillips, Annabelle Darsaud, and Pierre Maquet are supported by F. N. R. S. Thien Thanh Dang-Vu is also supported by the Fonds Léon Frédéricq (Belgium), the Belgian College of Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Financial 3319907 Steffen Gais is supported by an Emmy Noether fellowship from the German Research Foundation (DFG). Financial 3319907 Manuel Schabus is supported by an Erwin Schrödinger fellowship of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF; J2470-B02). Financial 5879545 The authors thank their patients and healthy controls for participation. General acknowledgement 5879545 We are particularly grateful to Nicole Mayr for her dedicated work in coordinating the survey schedule and for her optimal participant support and to Laura Lettenbichler for her help in data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4271615 The authors have received research support from the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service Awards 1I01RX000179-01 and 1I01RX000996-01. Financial 4271615 The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U. S. Government. Declaration 4271615 Stephen T. Ahlers: I am a military service member (or employee of the U. S. Government). General statement 4271615 Title 17 U. S. C. §105 provides that copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government. Declaration 4271615 Title 17 U. S. C. §101 defines a U. S. Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U. S. Government as part of that person’s official duties. Declaration 3715735 We thank Barbro Eriksson for her work in performing the PLM tests. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3715735 This study was funded by the Swedish Federal Government under the LUA/ALF agreement. Financial 5469907 This work was supported by the Hungarian Brain Research Program (Grant No. Financial 5469907 KTIA_13_NAP-A-III/9), the EUROHEADPAIN (FP7-Health 2013-Innovation; Grant No. 602633), and GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00034. General statement 5469907 Methods section is developed based on previous experiments, which is already present in theses and is in line with the author’s university policy, and can be accessed online. Declaration 5469907 GN-G was supported through the ÚNKP-ÚNKP-16-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities. Financial 5469907 ÁP and DZ were supported by the Bolyai Scholarship Programme of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Financial 5469907 We are indebted to Mrs. Valéria Vékony for histotechnical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3548232 The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Cure For Life Foundation. Financial 4179622 This research was presented at the Society for Neuroscience (SFN) Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, 9–13 November 2013. Presentation 4179622 Thanks are extended to Aileen I. Pogue and Darlene Guillot for expert technical and administrative assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4179622 Research in the Lukiw laboratory on neurotoxic metals, microRNA, small non-coding RNA, the innate-immune response, amyloidogenesis, and neuroinflammation in AD, retinal, and prion disease, was supported through a COBRE III Pilot Award, an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB), the Louisiana Biotechnology Research Network (LBRN), and NIH grants NEI EY006311 and NIA AG038834. Financial 4325926 This work was supported by the Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin and the VA Medical Research. Financial 4325926 Authors acknowledge Christy Stadig, Natasha Wilkins, Rachel Chiariello, Ronald Chmill, Eric Inglin, Corey Hopp, Richard Pahapill, and Kyle Stehlik for their excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5743661 We thank the members of the Neural Control of Movement lab for their support, especially Dr. Eric Walker, Spencer Gilleon, and Theresa McGuirk for data collection and processing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5377060 The authors are indebted to Prof. Franz X. Heinz, University of Vienna, Austria, for providing us the rabbit polyclonal antibody generated against the Hochosterwitz TBEV isolate. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5377060 They thank Dr. O. Engler from the Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, Spiez, Switzerland, and Dr. M. Horn from the University Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Center of Laboratory Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland, for their laboratory expertise and help in providing corresponding results. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5377060 The authors thank their colleagues from the University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland, for providing the MRI images. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5377060 Barbara Every, ELS, of BioMedical Editor, St. Albert, AB, Canada, provided English language editing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4923074 We thank Dr. Michel Grivaux, Director of the Clinical Research Center, Meaux Hospital and Mr. Vincent Gobert, Administrative Manager of the Clinical Research Center, Meaux hospital, France. General acknowledgement 5906546 We would like to thank to Dr. Richard Ransohoff for his advice and suggestions during preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5906546 We gratefully acknowledge the support of Action Medical Research and The Henry Smith Charity, the Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health and financial support from Wellcome Trust (WT094823), the Medical Research Council (MRC strategic grant contract P19381), Swedish Medical Research Council (VR 2015-02493), Brain Foundation (HH), Ahlen Foundation (HH), ALF-GBG (426401), ERA-net (EU; VR 529-2014-7551), and the Leducq Foundation (DSRRP34404) to enable this study to be completed. Financial 5906546 In addition, the authors acknowledge financial support from the Department of Health via the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre Award to Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King’s College London and King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. Financial 6194175 We are most grateful to all physicians participating in the study. General acknowledgement 6194175 We appreciate the support from the Department of Economics at the University of Zurich by facilitating data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6168653 We are grateful to all volunteers and patients for their participation. General acknowledgement 6168653 We thank S. Prieur and K. Haink for their kind technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6168653 A special thank goes to the clinical research team of Professor Markolf Hanefeld (GWT-TUD mbH, Dresden, Germany) who assisted in the recruitment of patients. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6168653 We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of the SLUB/TU Dresden. Financial 4432670 The work on human and mouse SCN8A is supported by NIH grant R01 NS34509 to MHM. Financial 4432670 JLW acknowledges support from a Dravet Syndrome Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship. Financial 6030249 Research supported by internal funds. Financial 6018081 We would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Ann C. McKee from Boston University School of Medicine, for her insight and assistance in the completion of Tables 1, 2. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6018081 This work has been supported by the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-MUB Postgraduate Research Fund. Financial 3327976 Michele Ferrara has been supported by grants from the Compagnia di San Paolo, Programma Neuroscienze 2008/09 (3896 SD/sd, 2008.2130) and the University of L’Aquila (Ricerche di Ateneo ex 60%). Financial 3327976 Fabio Moroni has been supported by a grant from ESRS Sanofi-Aventis Research Grant 2008/10. Financial 3327976 Luigi De Gennaro has been supported by a grant from the Compagnia di San Paolo, Programma Neuroscienze 2008/09 (3889 SD/sd, 2008.1300). Financial 5319956 We thank Katherine Spiegel, Alexa Desko, Mackenzie Fama, Lauren Taylor, Laura Hussey, Jessica Friedman, and Molly Stamp for contributing to data collection, and our participants for the generosity of their time. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6256185 We thank H-YC, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and School of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan for his insightful suggestions on statistical analysis of this work. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3585431 Support from the National Science Foundation (NSF#1054211), and the Alzheimer’s Association (NIRG-11-203834) is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 3289127 This work was supported by a grant from the Garnett Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial Foundation to Dr. Hamish MacDougall. Financial 6062961 The authors thank Katie Ogston for copyediting this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5938354 Authors would like to thank editor and reviewers for helpful comments to improve this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6255960 We would like to acknowledge the participants and their parents for their participation in the studies that were reviewed. General acknowledgement 6255960 We thank the authors of the studies who responded to our requests for additional information regarding their results. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6255960 And we would like to thank all the fundings which supported us. Financial 4095676 We used the grant MOP-38079 from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Financial 4495343 The project is supported through the following funding organizations under the aegis of JPND – www.jpnd.eu: The Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT-JPND/0005/2011 project), Portugal; Innovation Fund Denmark grant number: 0603-00470B; Academy of Finland, Research Council for Health, decision n 263193; ANR grant number: 12-JPND-001-16. Financial 3057553 We thank the Neurotrauma Team (WRAIR) for their technical help during the exposures; Ms. Cara Olsen (USU) for her help in statistical analysis; Drs. Grunberg and Wu (USU) for their input in designing and interpreting the behavioral experiments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3057553 The work was supported by CDMRP, grant# W81XWH-08-2-0176. Financial 4155793 This research was presented in part at the Society for Neuroscience (SFN) Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, 9–13 November 2013. Presentation 4155793 Research in the Lukiw laboratory on neurotoxic metals, microRNA, small non-coding RNA, the innate-immune response, amyloidogenesis, and neuroinflammation in AD, retinal, and prion disease, was supported through a COBRE III Pilot Award, an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB), the Louisiana Biotechnology Research Network (LBRN), and NIH grants NEI EY006311 and NIA AG038834. Financial 5837984 We thank the participants for their time. General acknowledgement 5837984 EP, has been partially founded by GR-2011-02349761. Financial 6104491 The Principal Investigator of this initiative is Michael W. Weiner, MD, VA Medical Center and University of California—San Francisco. General statement 5992411 We thank Graham Sutton, Charlie Wilkinson, Julie Roberts, and Tom Wilson (Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK), Iqbal Khan, Anna Skibinska, and Norman Litvin (Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK) for providing expert opinion during the domain and item stages of development. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5996103 This study was funded in part by grants from the Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (MIWF NRW), and by project grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grant ME4050/4-1), from the Hertie foundation and from the Innovative Medical Research (IMF) program of the Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster (all to GMzH). Financial 5996103 The authors thank A. M. Berg for expert technical assistance and Antje Echterhoff for sample management. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4343003 Authors thank Rosalind Hendricks and Federica Rossi for their collaboration and support to this work. General acknowledgement 5033987 We thank the nurses specialized in Otorhinolaryngology in the ENT Department of the Salpetriere Hospital for their participation in caloric data testing and management of the patients. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6062595 LA and MF acknowledge financial support from the Italian Ministry of Health (GR-2011-02350519). Financial 4288053 We would like to thank Dr. J. H. Friedman for his valuable suggestions and for kindly reviewing this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4288053 Funding statement: This work was supported by FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation), grant number 2010/11085-9. Financial 4288053 Financial disclosures of all authors: Camila C. Piccinin: research grant from FAPESP. Financial 4288053 Maria C. A. Santos: research grant from FAPESP. Financial 4288053 Rachel P. Guimarães: research grant from FAPESP. Financial 4288053 Luiza G. Piovesana: educational grant from Ipsen. Financial 4288053 Brunno M. De Campos: none. General statement 4288053 Thiago J. R. Rezende: none. General statement 4288053 Lidiane S. Campos: educational grant from Ipsen. Financial 4288053 Fabio R. Torres: supported by a Post-doctoral fellowship from CAPES, BRAZIL. Financial 4288053 Marcondes C. França Jr.: none. General statement 4288053 Augusto C. Amato-Filho: none. General statement 4288053 Iscia Lopes-Cendes: supported by grants from FAPESP and CNPq, BRAZIL. Financial 4288053 Fernando Cendes: supported by grants from FAPESP and CNPq, BRAZIL. Financial 4288053 Anelyssa D’Abreu: travel grant from ROCHE; lecture fees from Novartis; consulting fees from EMS; Research grant from FAPESP and CNPq, Brazil. Financial 4770037 The authors would like to thank the patient for kindly making his personal test results and data available for scientific purposes and agreeing to their publication. General acknowledgement 4585288 The authors would like to acknowledge the expert technical assistance of Ms. Tinghua Chen. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4585288 Support for this work included a grant from the Defense Medical Research and Development Program (D61_I_10_J6_152), Department of Defense in the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (G1703D) as well as funding from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (T0702554 and R07028414). Financial 3350027 We thank Albert Züger, Marco Penner for technical support, and Chris Bockisch for critically reading the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3350027 Funding: this study has been supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number: 32003B_130163/1 and 3200B0-105434), Berne, Switzerland; the Betty and David Koetser Foundation for Brain Research, Zurich, Switzerland; and the Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland. Financial 5650686 This work was undertaken at UCLH/UCL which receives a proportion of funding from the Department of Health’s NIHR Biomedical Research Centres funding scheme. Financial 5650686 This work was funded by the NIH—National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke U01-NS090407-01 (The Center for SUDEP Research). Financial 5650686 Functional MRI data acquired through Medical Research Council funding (grant number G0301067). Financial 5650686 SBV is funded by the National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR BRC UCLH/UCL High Impact Initiative). Financial 5650686 We are grateful to the Wolfson Foundation and the Epilepsy Society for supporting the Epilepsy Society MRI scanner. Financial 5554498 The authors would like to thank all volunteers who were willing to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 6286965 We acknowledge our colleague Dr. Sylvia Stockler (Vancouver, CA) for her contribution to the TIDE diagnostic algorithm, which served as a basis for the algorithm described here. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3297816 This research was supported by grants from the Jean Cathie Estate and the New Zealand Neurological Foundation grant to Paul F. Smith, Yiwen Zheng, and Cynthia L. Darlington. Financial 6003245 We express our heartfelt thanks to the participants in the Ausimmune & AusLong studies for their time and energy, without which we could not have realized this work. General acknowledgement 3340570 The authors thank Isabel Pires, Aurora Rodriges, and Carlos Gouveia for histological and immunohistochemistry technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4191187 This study was funded, in part, by the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (Grant 60855). Financial 5030293 This publication was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), through grant 2UL1TR000442 and grant 5U01NS082074. Financial 5030293 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Declaration 5030293 A complete list of PREDICT-HD Investigators, Coordinators, Motor Raters, and Cognitive Raters can be found in the Supplemental Materials. Declaration 5949537 Mrs. Sonja Fuchs is thankfully acknowledged for her great help in the acquisition of MRI data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4994285 The generous support by Dr M. Risling is highly appreciated. General acknowledgement 3015165 The authors thank Dr. Tejvir S. Khurana, Ph. D. and his laboratory for teaching (Swaraj Bose) the technique of orbital exenterations in the mouse, Dr. Donald Brown, Ph. D., for providing helpful discussions over this work, Larry Lam and Andrew J. Wahlert for excellent assistance with confocal microscopy and data analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3015165 Grant Support: NIH: EY016663, Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc. and Fight For Sight. Financial 3015165 This study was presented at the 17th International Neuro-Ophthalmology Society meeting, 7–12 June 2008, Napa, California and ARVO 2005, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA. Presentation 4202722 The author wishes to acknowledge the generous support of the J. S. McFadyen Advised Fund and Dean and Brenda Proctor. Financial 4202722 I want to acknowledge my colleague, Dr. Eldad Hadar. General acknowledgement 4202722 Finally, I want to acknowledge my wife and collaborator, Gail Bruner Murrow, without whom, none of this would have been possible. General acknowledgement 5470574 The methodological developments have been supported by the Austrian Science Fund (KLI455, KLI453, P23611) and Cluster Grants of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Austria. Financial 5468381 We are deeply indebted to patients and relatives for their valuable cooperation and to the Cuban Public Health and Science and Technology Ministries for their contributions with this research. General acknowledgement 5468381 We are also grateful to Dr. Patrick MacLeod for technical support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4337367 The authors wish to thank all patients who participated and the TYNERGY investigators, contributing to the conduct of the trial. General acknowledgement 4337367 The trial investigators are listed as follows. General statement 4337367 Sweden: Anders Svenningsson, Norrlands Universitetssjukhus, Umeå; Fredrik Piehl, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna, Stockholm; Jan Lycke, Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset, Göteborg; Peter Vaghfeldt, Norra Älvsborgs Länssjukhus, Trollhättan; Petra Nilsson, Skånes Universitetssjukhus, Lund; Lucia Alonso Magdalena, Skånes Universitetssjukhus, Malmö; Karin Johnsson, Helsingborgs lasarett, Helsingborg; Claes Martin, Danderyds sjukhus, Danderyd; Martin Gunnarsson, Universitetssjukhuset Örebro, Örebro; Margareta Hultgren, Länssjukhuset Ryhov, Jönköping; Rune Johansson, Centralsjukhuset, Karlstad; Annemarie Torstensson, Vrinnevisjukhuset, Norrköping. General statement 4337367 Norway: Elisabeth G. Celius, Oslo Universitetssykehus Ullevål, Oslo; Kjell-Morten Myhr, Haukeland Universitetssykehus, Bergen; Åse M. Hagen, Molde Sjukehus, Molde; Astrid Edland, Drammen Sykehus, Drammen; Wenche Telstad, Førde sentralsjukehus, Førde; Nina Øksendal, Nordlandsjukehuset Bodø; Tone Hognestad, Sykehuset Innlandet, Lillehammer. General statement 4337367 Austria: Siegrid Fuchs, Medizinische Universität, Graz; Thomas Berger, Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Innsbruck; Franz Schautzer, LKH Villach, Villach; Karl Vass, Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Wien; Gunter Ladurner and Jörg Kraus, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Salzburg. General statement 4337367 Denmark: Karen Schreiber, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen; Thor Petersen, Aarhus University Hospitalet, Aarhus; Mads Ravnborg, Odense University Hospital, Odense. General statement 6071543 We thank Monika C. Schöll, BA, for her assistance in the editing of this paper. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4092366 This work was supported in part by the Zanvyl and Isabelle Krieger Fund, Baltimore, MD, USA (NGC); Israel Science Foundation 1189/12 (NGC). Financial 3328957 This study was supported in part by the Program for Promotion of Basic Research Activities for Innovative Bioscience (PROBRAIN). Financial 4288331 The first author (Ms. Claire Marcroft) received funding from UK National Institute of Health Research Clinical Academic Training Program as part of training for Masters in Clinical Research. Financial 4288331 Dr. Aftab Khan is funded by the RCUK Research Hub on Social Inclusion through the Digital Economy (SiDE) project. Financial 5067702 The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for constructive remarks. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6293194 We would like to thank the team at the KORA study center for assistance and collaboration. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5861205 We acknowledge the assistance of electrophysiologists, Mengyang Wang, Jing Wang, and Jie Wang. General acknowledgement 5861205 This research was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grants 11325208, 11572015, 11772019, and 81671285), the Capital Health Research and Development of Special (2016-1-8012), and Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z161100000516230, Z161100002616016). Financial 4173665 The skillful technical assistance of Ms. Anneke Kracht in the design of the figures is gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4644785 Research in the authors’ laboratories is supported by Alzheimer’s Research UK, Alzheimer’s Society, MRC, NIHR, Parkinson’s UK, Wellcome trust, and the EU. Financial 3786405 The study was supported by NIMH (1R01MH091326). Financial 4443717 This work was supported by grants from Regione Campania #PON01_01602 and PON03_00785 to Lucio Annunziato. Financial 5649136 Editorial support for the preparation of this manuscript was provided by John Scopes of mXm Medical Communications. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4609849 We are grateful to Tom Froese, Nicolas Farrugia, and Dylan van Der Schyff for comments on early drafts of this work. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4609849 We would like to thank also the editors and the reviewers. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4609849 Any remaining error is ours. Declaration 4539519 This study was supported by an unrestricted grant from Novartis Argentina. Financial 4539519 The authors thank Adriana Zufriategui for preparation of the Figure. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3522106 Our review is supported by fellowships and salary supports from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the Fonds de recherche en Santé du Québec (FRSQ). Financial 3303157 We are also grateful to Genentech, Inc. for providing educational materials to the REACH sites. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4324139 Dr. Basu is funded by a Career Development Fellowship award from the National Institute for Health Research. Financial 4324139 The views expressed in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research, or the Department of Health. Declaration 6041407 We wish to thank the Carrick Institute, Plasticity Brain Centers and Neurotech International Limited for funding and equipment utilized in this investigation. Financial 6041407 As always we are indebted to the Carrick Institute and the Bedfordshire Centre for Mental Health Research in association with the University of Cambridge. General acknowledgement 6041407 We are grateful to the clinical and support staff of the Orlando Plasticity Brain Center for their assistance in conducting this study at their facility with special appreciation to Jamie Norman and Matthew Antonucci. General acknowledgement 4230045 I am grateful to Professor Alan Palmer for his helpful comments and suggestions on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4230045 I would like to thank Dr. Arnaud Norena and Dr. Jinsheng Zhang for hosting this Frontiers research topic and Dr. Norena for his invitation to write this review. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6005864 The authors are grateful to the Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University for funding through Vice Deanship of Scientific Research Chairs. Financial 6018073 FR and AC are supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft as part of the Collaborative Research Center 1149 Danger Response, Disturbance Factors and Regenerative Potential after Acute Trauma (SFB1149-B05). Financial 6018073 FR is also supported by the ERANET-NEURON initiative External Insults to the Nervous System and BMBF as part of the MICRONET consortium (FKZ 01EW1705A), and by the Baustein program of the Medical Faculty of Ulm University. Financial 5411433 The authors would like to acknowledge “Serviço Interdisciplinar de Neuromodulação—IPQ/HCFMUSP” under the coordination of AB for providing the tDCS equipment and consultation rooms to perform all tDCS sessions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5411433 The authors thank Mrs. Sandra Aparecida de Lima Falcon for her assistance in scheduling all patients for tDCS sessions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3463813 Funding: Supported in part by AG017173 (RPF), the Mary and Mason Rudd Chair at the University of Louisville and by an MNDA Association grant to John Hardy and Dr. Richard Orrell. Financial 5498483 We thank and acknowledge our team members Stephanie Edelmann and Nader El Seblani for editorial assistance, and we thank and acknowledge Tom Dolan at UK Information Technology Services for graphical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5498483 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 5468397 The authors are grateful to Lucille D. A. Dorresteijn, Agnes A. A. C. M. Wertenbroek, Henk-Willem Nijmeijer, Jeroen P. P. van Vugt, and Marleen C. Tjepkema-Cloostermans for their help in recruiting participants, and their insights in the study setup and discussion of the results. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5468397 The authors thank Anja van Gestel for her assistance during the participant measurements. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5468397 The authors are thankful to Erwin E. H. van Wegen for his help with the study design. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5405067 The authors would like to thank Dr. Marina C. Giménez for her help with the electronic survey. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6127251 We would like to thank Editage for English language editing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4106192 This work was supported in part by University of Sydney Postgraduate Award and Millennium Institute Stipend to Dr. Chong H. Wong. Financial 5884935 The PREDICT-HD study was supported by NIH/NINDS grant 5R01NS040068, CHDI Foundation, Inc., A3917 and 6266, Cognitive and Functional Brain Changes in Preclinical Huntington Disease 5R01NS054893, awarded to Jane S. Paulsen. Financial 5884935 We thank the PREDICT-HD sites, the study participants, the National Research Roster for Huntington’s Disease Patients and Families, the Huntington’s Disease Society of America and the Huntington’s Study Group. General acknowledgement 6048264 Participants in this study were enrolled and followed from Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University. Declaration 6048264 The authors thank Genesky Biotechnologies Inc., Shanghai, China, for technical support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6206843 The funding for this study was provided by the General Electric – National Football League Head Health Initiative. Financial 6206843 We would like to thank the entirety of the GE/NFL Medical Advisory Board for their continued direction as well as Dr. Victor Miranda, Ajit Shankaranarayanan, and Amy Gallenberg for their efforts. General acknowledgement 6206843 Lastly, we would like to thank the HSS Department of Neurology for providing the facility and support necessary for this investigation and specifically Virgen Gonzalez-Alakham for her efforts with enrollment. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6206843 At Houston Methodist, Drs. Kenneth Podell and Howard Derman referred and studied patients, Jennifer Garrett coordinated the study, and Dr. Armen Kocharian provided MRI support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6206843 The Chao, Graham, Harrison and Natz Funds of the Houston Methodist Foundation contributed support. Financial 5880892 The authors would like to thank the participating athletic teams and their staffs (Kelowna Chiefs, Okanagan Sun, West Kelowna Warriors, and Vernon Vipers). General acknowledgement 6280951 The authors are grateful to Dr. Masaaki Komatsu (Laboratory of Frontier Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan) for providing Atg7 eKO mice. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6280951 Additionally, the authors would like to thank Drs. Monique Stins and Kwang Sik Kim (Department of Pediatrics, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA) for supplying HBMECs. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4685448 We would like to thank Dr Kyoko Tossell for helping to draw Figure 3. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6249341 This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan and grants from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan. Financial 5108920 We thank the support from FAPESP. Financial 6109783 This work was supported by grant of National Natural Science Foundation of China (81500905), Technology Project co-founded by Zhejiang Province and the Ministry of Health of China (2016152769) and Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province (2017C03011). Financial 5046616 This research was supported by NIH/NIDCD R01-DC01458 and R01-DC014924. Financial 5046616 We also thank Raquel Galvan-Garza, Wangsong Gong, Bob Grimes, Csilla Haburcakova, Faisal Karmali, Kristen Kirk, Rick Lewis, Koeun Lim, and Yongwoo Yi. General acknowledgement 3347090 This work was funded in part by the Multidisciplinary Research Initiative (MURI) program (W911MF-10-1-526; University of Pennsylvania as prime institution) through the Army Research Office (ARO). Financial 3347090 The authors would like to thank Technical Support Working Group (TSWG) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in particular the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, for providing the funding support necessary to perform the experiments. Financial 6131483 This project was supported in part by the NIAID Division of Intramural Research. Financial 6131483 We thank all our clinical trial patients and caregivers, without whom this work would not be possible. General acknowledgement 6131483 Additionally, we are grateful to the lab members of the Neuroimmunological Diseases Section who helped to collect smartphone data and offered insight on optimization of the tests. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6131483 Finally, we would like to acknowledge the students in the Spring 2017 Programming Handheld Systems course at the University of Maryland, College Park who helped to develop the initial prototype of the smartphone tests. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5778119 This work was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (#127048), the Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation and the Ontario Brain Institute. Financial 5778119 The Ontario Brain Institute is an independent non-profit corporation, funded partially by the Ontario government. Financial 5778119 The opinions, results, and conclusions are those of the authors and no endorsement by the Ontario Brain Institute is intended or should be inferred. Declaration 5778119 This work was originally featured within the first author’s doctoral thesis, as part of a larger body of work on neurophysiological variation (77). Declaration 5778119 The authors thank the Rehabilitations Sciences Institute at the University of Toronto for their support throughout the doctoral program. Financial 5778119 We would also like to acknowledge the efforts of the members of the CIHR “NeuroCare” Team and the members of the Concussion Centre (Bloorview Research Institute), specifically Talia Dick, James Murphy, and Katherine Mah. General acknowledgement 5778119 We are grateful to the youth and families for their participation in this research. General acknowledgement 5778119 Special thanks to Christopher Gupta for his work on collating background literature. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5778119 Jordan Collins is also thanked for his work and expertise in statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5626937 The authors would like to thank the Brain Trauma Foundation, the Brain Trauma Evidence-based Consortium, and the associated team of expert clinicians and researchers for iterative feedback and support during this multiyear collaboration. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5626937 The authors would also like to thank the TBI experts they interviewed, as well as Nancy Carney for initiating this project and for leading a paradigm shift in the study of TBI. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6037722 The authors thanked Jun Zhou from Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, for the assistance in statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5837962 This work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Grant no. 01 EO 1401). Financial 5837962 We thank Mrs. Katie Goettlinger for copy-editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5989125 The contribution of the G. B. Bietti Foundation in this paper was supported by the Ministry of Health and Fondazione Roma. Financial 5989125 The authors wish to thank Dr. Erica Marucco for her valuable comments that greatly contributed to improve the final version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5510574 This work is part of a Master’s thesis of the Master’s Program in Clinical Research, Center for Clinical Research and Management Education, Division of Health Care Sciences, Dresden International University, Dresden, Germany. Declaration 5603613 This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Plan of China (grant number: 2016YFC1300800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers: 81301003, 81301193, 81371315, 81471167, 81671139, and 81220108007), and the Special Research Project for Capital Health Development (grant number: 2014-1-1071). Financial 3354332 The authors thank Dr. Jacques Montplaisir and Dr. Ronald Postuma for their contribution to the research program on cognition in REM sleep behavior disorder and Parkinson’s disease. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3354332 Our research is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Fonds de recherche du Québec – Santé. Financial 3752771 The authors would like to thank Mr. Haoxing Chen for his valuable assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4202729 Supported by National Institutes of Health awards to Edgar Garcia-Rill from NINDS (R01 NS20246) and NIGMS (P20 GM103425 and P30 GM110702) and to Paige B. Beck from NHLBI (F32 HL108429). Financial 4202729 In addition, this work was supported by grants from FONCYTAgencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; BID 1728 OC. Financial 4202729 PICT 2007-1009; PICT 2008–2019 and PICT-2012-1769 (to Francisco J. Urbano); and CONICET-PIP 2011-2013-11420100100072 and PICT-2012-0924 (to Veronica Bisagno). General statement 5790800 The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from Gunilla Malmborg Bornhall (Neurointensive Care Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden) for her valuable trauma database registration. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5790800 They also thank Nils-Johan Lindborg (Neurointensive Care Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden) for valuable instructions on the handling of the Multiplate®. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5790800 They also thank Björn Zylberszac (Critical Care Clinisoft, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden) for his help with compilation of intensive care unit data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4626644 We would like to acknowledge the sleep technicians for their role in the sleep data collection and would like to thank the individuals who participated in this study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3769637 This research was supported in part by the Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research (FAER), the James S. McDonnell Foundation and a VA Career Development Award. Financial 6070599 The authors are grateful to Ling Chen, Jiangqi Wang, and Xueli Li for their technical guidance, our families and friends for moral support, and American Journal Experts (AJE) for assistance with language editing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5402305 We thank the data monitoring committee, the patients who participated in this study, and the clinical staff in all participating centers. General acknowledgement 6018077 We thank Edanz Group Ltd. for editing a draft of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5357642 CR acknowledges the funding by the Spanish Ministry of Economy (RTC-2015-3309-1) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (CPII16/00058), with cofounding by FEDER. Financial 5292584 We thank all lab members at The University of Tokyo and RIKEN QBiC, in particular, Koji Ode for critical reading and advice. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5292584 This work was supported by a RIKEN Foreign Postdoctoral Fellowship (AM). Financial 6287371 We thank all of the members of the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, and the Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Teishin Hospital for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5857595 We wish to thank Vipul Kumar Patel for helping in data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3026484 We want to thank Bernard Mendiburu for Matlab programming and support, Russell Poldrack for help with study design, Trent Thixton for help with brain imaging, Tarman Aziz for proofreading, Claudia Kernan and Nina Newman for patients’ assessment and consenting, all the RAPBI members for discussion and feedback. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3026484 This work was supported by the UCLA Brain Injury Research Center (Christopher Giza, Robert F. Asarnow), The Della Martin Foundation, Winokur Family Foundation/Child Neurology Foundation (Christopher Giza), UCLA Faculty Grants Program. Financial 5027199 We thank the staff of the Radiology Department of Mie University Hospital, especially Shinichi Takase, for support in data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3008913 Funding for the study was provided by PHS grant 1K23NS02117 and in part by grants M01RR00046 and UL1RR025747 from the National Center of Research Resources. Financial 6290338 The study has been supported by a Ph. D. scholarship from Keele University. Financial 6290338 We would like to thank Federico Del Maschio for advice on the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5278258 The authors would like to thank Ms. J. Miller for assistance in developing the programmes for analysis and in raw data processing and Dr. D. Ireland for thoughtful counsel. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4195315 The authors thank Dr. Nanhui Chen for help in technical support during data analysis, Dr. Ziad Hafed for providing so many constructive and insightful comments for our early manuscript, and Rowan Tweedale for help in English-editing assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4195315 Xiaoguang Tian was funded by a scholarship from the Werner Reichardt for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN). Financial 5985300 This work was supported by ZonMw (TOP grant NL91212009) and by the Prinses Beatrix Spierfonds (grant numbers W. OR12-05 and W. OR16-09) with contribution from the Stichting Spieren voor Spieren. Financial 3701154 This project is supported by the Australian National Data Service (ANDS). Financial 3701154 ANDS is supported by the Australian Government through the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy Program and the Education Investment Fund (EIF) Super Science Initiative. Financial 3701154 The authors acknowledge the facilities, and the scientific and technical assistance of the National Imaging Facility at the University of Queensland. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3701154 TissueStack is also an OpenSource project licenced under the GNU GPLv3. General statement 3701154 It is currently available on GitHub (github.com/NIF-au/TissueStack). Declaration 5233672 The authors would like to thank Dr. Friedman for kindly reviewing this manuscript and his valuable suggestions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5992388 This study was partly supported by the Autonomous Region of Sardinia (grant CRP-78543 L. R. 7/2007). Financial 5992388 The author MM was supported by the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, Master and Back Programme 2013 (PRR-MAB-A2013-19330). Financial 5992388 The authors wish to express their gratitude to the physical therapists Marilena Fara, Giovanna Ghiani, Alessandra Pani, Elsa Sau, Gino Sedda, and Mauro Usala for their valuable support during the training program. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5124765 The authors thank Dr. Kim Seroogy for his guidance while utilizing Stereoinvestigator software. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3337446 The authors thank their colleagues at the Movement Disorders and Functional Surgery Unit, for keeping an excellent and mind stimulating discussion forum. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3337446 This work has been supported by a research grant from Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal. Financial 5684108 This project was partially supported by grants from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No.: CUHK 14113214, CUHK14204117 and CUHK471911) and National Key Research and Development Programme, Ministry of Science and Technology (2016YFC1300603). Financial 3693096 The authors are thankful to Johanna Flygt for her valuable technical assistance and the Swedish Research Council for its continuous support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3796290 Research supported by R01-MH62626-01, P41-EB015909, R01-MH57180. Financial 6115491 This work is supported by 5X 2016 National Health Ministry 2. Financial 6204380 We acknowledge the participating athletic teams and their staffs (Kelowna Chiefs, Okanagan Sun, West Kelowna Warriors, Vernon Vipers). General acknowledgement 5591400 The authors thank Dr. David Cunningham for his review and feedback on this article. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5807657 We thank Larry Cornman at the Aviation Applications Program of the UCAR for information on aircraft characteristics in turbulent weather. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5807657 We thank Richard Lewis, MD, for helpful criticisms, and Rupa Mirmira for editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3449495 We thank Dr. Tuomo Polvikoski for performing the autopsies. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3449495 The skillful assistance of Mrs., Tuija Järvinen and Mrs., Merja Haukka in processing of the tissue sections and IHC is gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3449495 The study was supported by Finska Läkaresällskapet, Liv och Hälsa Foundation, Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation and Helsinki University Central Hospital competitive research fund (EVO). Financial 5799286 We express our heartfelt thanks to the participants in the Ausimmune and AusLong studies for their time and energy, without which we could not have realized this work. General acknowledgement 5799286 We would like to acknowledge the outstanding input of the paid research personnel, including the local research officers, who have been enumerated previously. General acknowledgement 3235734 I thank Dr. P. Follette for improving the English of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4117178 Research on hereditary optic neuropathies was supported by Telethon Grants GGP06233 (to Valerio Carelli), GGP11182 (to Massimo Zeviani and Valerio Carelli), and GPP10005 (to Valerio Carelli), Mitocon Onlus (to Valerio Carelli); Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB), the International Foundation for Optic Nerve Diseases (IFOND), Struggling Within Leber’s, The Poincenot Family, the Eierman Foundation, and a National Eye Institute grant EY03040 (to Alfredo Arrigo Sadun). Financial 6028620 The University of Pennsylvania Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Clinical Research Trials group provided valuable assistance in conduct of the studies. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6028620 Sherman Stein, University of Pennsylvania, contributed to the complexity and severity equation concepts. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4656843 We thank Agnieszka Podolska and Sandeep Gopal for constructive comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4656843 RP is supported by a veski innovation fellowship (2015–2018). Financial 3995073 The authors would like to thank the David L. MacIntosh Sport Medicine Clinic (University of Toronto) and staff for their support. General acknowledgement 5758536 We thank Alina Kästner, Eric Legler, and Karin Bernaciak for their assistance in data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4720734 The authors (AJP and MRS) would like to express their appreciation to the Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP) under contract W81XWH-11-2-0057 for supporting this work. Financial 4720734 The authors acknowledge Dr. Vincent Harrand, CFDRC and Prof. Beverly Rzigalinski, Virginia Tech, for reviewing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5893805 The authors would also like to thank the TBI experts they interviewed, as well as Nancy Carney for initiating this project. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4460958 We thank Dr. Ignacio General for useful discussion and assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4460958 We gratefully acknowledge the NIH grants 1P30DA035778-01 and P41GM103712 (to I. B.), R01DA014204 (to A. S.) and F32DA034408 (to E. B.) and the computing award from the NSF TeraGrid resources (TG-MCB130006) and software provided by OpenEye. Financial 3258559 The work was funded by Indian Council of Medical Research in the form of SRF to Md Dilshad Manzar. Financial 4160996 This study was supported in part by the Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center of Washington University School of Medicine (LLP), the McDonnell Center for System Neuroscience (LLP), AG008051 and AG040211 awarded by the National Institutes of Health (JEG). Financial 3854546 We would like to thank Henry Brown, MD for interpreting the pathological specimens shown on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3810649 This work was supported by grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and the NSW Office for Science and Medical Research to Gila Moalem-Taylor. Financial 3810649 We thank Cristina Kim for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5513952 We thank Dr. Meng Zhang of Xinxiang Medical University for the help of revising the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5601982 We want to express our gratitude to Bert Keurentjes, Radboud in’to Laguages, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, for editing grammar and language. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3791559 Assistance with the initial literature search for this article was provided by Nancy Holland, Ph. D., of Synchrony Medical Communications, West Chester, PA, USA under the direction of the author. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3791559 Funding for this support was provided by Teva Pharmaceuticals, North Wales, PA, USA. Financial 6109785 We thank the patients, their families, all healthy volunteers for making this research possible. General acknowledgement 6109785 We also thank the ECTRIMS Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program for its support to GC. Financial 3167354 Work supported by NIH NIA grant AG-17960 and NIDCD grant 004082. Financial 6080137 We are very grateful to Janardan Vaidynathan, PhD, for his support in the surgical procedure and electrophysiology recording. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6080137 We are also thankful to Dr. Kaswati Janane for his help on statistics. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5868136 The authors would like to thank the participants and their families for their generosity and willingness to donate their time and input to this study. General acknowledgement 5868136 They would also like to thank the MPL team at JHU/APL—Matthew Johannes, Kapil Katyal, Matthew Para, John Roycroft, Charlie Schuman—as well as the physical and occupational therapists at WRNMMC. General acknowledgement 6108060 Many thanks to Drs. John Conforti and Ifeanyi Iwuchukwu for their insightful and helpful feedback on this manuscript, and to Barbara Mathis at the Forsyth Medical Center Library for obtaining important background literature. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4445323 Biological Markers Associated with Acute Ischemic Stroke (MAGIC) Study was funded by grants from Italian Ministry of Health, 2006 Finalized Research Programmes (RFPS-2006-1-336520). Financial 4445323 This work was partially supported by unconditional research grants from Fondazione Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze. Financial 4445323 Authors thank for data collection: A. Maurizio (Siena), M. Bacigaluppi (Milano), F. Muscia (Como), A. Chiti (Pisa), A. De Boni (Vicenza), F. Carimati (Varese), F. Galati (Vibo Valentia), M. Zedde (Reggio Emilia), N. Micheletti (Verona), A. De Vito (Ferrara), P. Palumbo (Prato), S. Marcheselli (Pavia), L. Pantoni (Firenze), and F. Pescini (Firenze). Peer interactive communication and technical support 4445323 Authors thank Maria Elena Della Santa for assistance in preparing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6028596 The authors would like to thank Allison Bethune, Marc Lalancette, and Amanda Robertson for assistance with MEG data acquisition and Matt J. MacDonald and Anne Keller for assistance with data analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4803745 We would like to acknowledge the work of Dr. Antonio Faita in compiling part of the database. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5958186 SP is funded by a fellowship from NHS Research Scotland. Financial 5421299 The authors are grateful to Mr. Douglas Richards for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5421299 This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81230023, 81571067, and 81521063), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (“973” Program, 2013CB531905), the “111 Project”(B07001), and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, 2015AA020514). Financial 6121092 We thank Zhijuan Diao (EUROIMMUN Academy, EUROIMMUN Medical Diagnostics Co., Lt) for providing reagents (pNfH, pTau, and Tau). Peer interactive communication and technical support 5581323 We thank Susanne Staudinger and Sandra Pfluegl for their assistance with data management. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5732190 We would like to thank Judy Benson for copyediting the manuscript, Prof. Rainer Rupprecht and his team for genetic testing of TSPO polymorphisms, and Prof. Anja Horn-Bochtler for providing equipment and technical support for the histological workup of samples. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5732190 The study was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Health (BMBF) in the context of the foundation of the German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ) (grant number 01 EO 0901) and General Electric (GE Healthcare Ltd.). Financial 5768607 The authors would like to thank Drs. Brian Berg and Rosaline Waworuntu for their expertise in study design. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5768607 They also thank Mead Johnson Nutrition for formulating and providing the diets for this study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5768607 They thank Dr. Brad Sutton for his help in optimizing our data processing pipeline. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5768607 Additionally, they thank Kristen Karkiewicz for managing the day-to-day pig rearing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5768607 Lastly, they thank Nancy Dodge, Holly Tracey, and Tracey Henigman from the Beckman Imaging Center for their help in MRI data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5461338 We would like to thank Agostina Casamento-Moran for computational assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5318460 We gratefully acknowledge Ms. Maria Angeria for excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5972322 We would like to acknowledge the contributions of all personnel at BioArctic AB and the neurosurgical research laboratory (R2:02) of the Department of Clinical Neuroscience at Neurocentrum, Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden. General acknowledgement 5331032 The authors are most grateful to all physicians participating in the study. General acknowledgement 4083189 This work was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Microsystems Technology Office under the auspices of Dr. Jack Judy (jack.judy@darpa.mil) through the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, Pacific Grant No. Financial 4237052 This study was supported by grant PI11/00191 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and by grant RETICS INVICTUS RD12/0014/0008 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III that was cofinanced by FEDER funds. Financial 3715738 Work in the authors’ laboratory is supported in part by an R21 grant (NS067127) from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, and a grant from the Thomas H. Maren Junior Investigator Fund of the University of Florida. Financial 6183196 This work is supported by the Center for Experimental Neurology and the Department of Neurology at the University of Bern, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, as well as the Insel Grant 84801184, and the Ohio Sleep Medicine Institute. Financial 6183196 AA was supported by the Human Frontier Science Program (RGY0076/2012), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Swiss National Science Foundation (31003A_156156), European Research Council (725850), Sinergia (CRSII3_160803), and the University of Bern. Financial 6055002 We would like to thank the Department of Biochemistry of the Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg for providing us with the necessary equipment for the salivary analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6055002 A special thanks goes to Michael Müller for his helpful instructions and the time he spent on familiarizing us with the ELISA analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3980089 The authors acknowledge the KLS foundation, Linköping University, and Linköping University Hospital local funds for financing this study. Financial 3869238 This research was supported by FAPESP grants # 03/11490-7 and 00/04710-2. Financial 3869238 The authors thank Dr. Chris Rorden for thoughtful comments and helpful suggestions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4443716 We are grateful to Georg Greitemann for the introduction to the information system of the Kliniken Schmieder. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3014571 Shih-Yu Lee was supported by T32NR 07088, the Graduate Diversion at University of California, San Francisco, AWHONN, the intramural grant at Georgia State University, and the NIH/NINR (1R15NR010152-01A1). Financial 3014571 The authors thank the volunteers who participated in the studies for making it possible. General acknowledgement 3397312 We thank the Neurotrauma Team (WRAIR) for their technical help during the blast exposures. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3397312 This work was supported by Veterans Affairs Grant B5044R. Financial 4490242 The authors are sincerely grateful to all patients for the time and cooperation offered during the study. General acknowledgement 4490242 This work was supported by: (1) FISM – Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla – Cod.2014/R , (2) Ministry of Health Cod. Financial 4490242 GR-2008-1138642 , (3) MIUR Prot. General statement 4490242 2010SH7H3F “Functional connectivity and neuroplasticity in physiological and pathological aging ” and (4) PNR-CNR Aging Program 2012–2016. General statement 3596858 Supported by European Union FP7-ICT program (AMARSi grant #248311 and MINDWALKER grant # 247959). Financial 5563306 We are grateful for the support of the Garnett Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial Foundation, and Grand Audition. Financial 4283719 We thank Danny Flanagan for considerable work in documenting much of our existing loop assembly procedure, including creating the drawings and many of the photographs in this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4283719 We also thank Donna Parker and Mira Semmelroch for their assistance with EEG–fMRI studies and additional photographs. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4283719 This work was supported in part by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia , the Australian Commonwealth Government via an Australian Postgraduate Award (Richard A. J. Masterton), and the Operational Infrastructure Support Program of the State Government of Victoria, Australia. Financial 5808126 This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 81660222 and U1202227). Financial 5808126 The authors thank Dr. Zhizhou Shi and Henqian Wu of the Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Kunming University of Science and Technology for technical assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5326773 This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471178, GYY), KC Wong Foundation (GYY), and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (13ZR1422600, ZZ). Financial 4032882 The research was supported by grants from the University of Birmingham, the University of Cape Town, the Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation NHS Trust, the Medical Research Council, the Stroke Association, and The Canon Collins Educational Trust for Southern Africa. Financial 5954029 The authors thank Marco Penner for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6141854 We thank all the staff of the departments of neuroradiology and neurology at the Inselspital. General acknowledgement 3008919 The research leading to these results has received funding from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research through the Grant Center for Stroke Research Berlin (01 EO 0801), the Volkswagen Foundation (Lichtenberg program to M. Endres), DFG (NeuroCure), and EU (European Stroke Network). Financial 5423909 This research has been supported by Spanish Ministry of Science project HYPER PROJECT (CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010) Hybrid Neuroprosthetic and Neurorobotic Devices for Functional Compensation and Rehabilitation of Motor Disorders. Financial 3607195 Supported by DFG STE 15-1. Financial 4220689 Francesca Pittau is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (FNS SPUM grant 140332). Financial 4220689 Serge Vulliemoz is supported by grant FNS 141165 and the Gertrude von Meissner Foundation. Financial 4220689 Laurent Sheybani is supported by grant FNS 323530_158125). Financial 4220689 Frédéric Grouiller is supported by the Center for Biomedical Imaging of the Universities and Hospitals of Geneva and Lausanne, and EPFL. Financial 4220689 We thank Dr. Gaetano Cantalupo (Verona) for the thoughtful comments during the manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3639430 This research was supported in part by the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program TBI, PTSD Programs Award Number W81XWH-08-2-0052 PTO75175: the effects hypoxia on cognitive function in aviators and complex system operators that have had a mild traumatic brain injury. Financial 5239780 The authors are indebted to the research participants who volunteered to be part of this study. General acknowledgement 5239780 They are grateful for the input of Dr. Kathryn Roach who provided input regarding the study design and contributed to the organization of the data, Dr. Mark Nash and Patricia Burns who carried out the CET protocol, Kathrine Brisson who contributed to the processing of the neuropnysiologic data, Deena Cilien who assisted with administration of the subject training, Dr. Kimberly Anderson-Erisman who assisted with subject recruitment, and Dr. Larisa Hoffman who created Figure 1. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5767176 The authors are deeply grateful to the patient of this study for her participation. General acknowledgement 5874304 We thank Dr. Timothy Miller for the generous donation of the APP/PS1 mice. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5874304 Drs. David L. Brody, Samuel E. Senyo, Susan Carlton, and Larry R. Nittler for helpful discussions and advice. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5874304 We also thank Larry Nittler for providing L’image and Dr. Terrance Kummer for critical review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5874304 This study acknowledges the contributions of research participants, including Andrew Jackson Bateman, for his belief in “whatever the human mind can conceive and believe, it will achieve.” General acknowledgement 3405461 This research was supported by a grant from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), process 2008/55997-1. Financial 5844938 This study was funded by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) (Project number 112S473). Financial 5844938 Authors thank Dr. Ansarullah for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4101337 We acknowledge discussions with Maarten De Vos, Borbola Hunyadi, Ronald Peeters, David Robben, Laura Seynaeve and Katrien Vanderperren. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4101337 The authors are grateful to Guido Van Driel and the epilepsy monitoring team for helping to collect the EEG data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4101337 This study was funded by a grant for Applied Biomedical Research (TBM) no. 080658 from the Flemish government agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT); grant no. Financial 4101337 G.048010N from Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek-Vlaanderen; grant no. General statement 4101337 IUAP EMF-B6772-p6/29 from Inter-University-Attraction-Pole; and Belspo IAP grant P7/11 and grant no. General statement 4101337 FPV10/008 from Excellentie-Financiering. General statement 5662548 This research project was funded by the Emerging Fields Initiative, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany (EFI Moves, 2 Med 03) and by the Bavarian State Ministry for Education, Science and the Arts, Munich, Germany (MotionLab@Home, E|Home Center). Financial 5662548 The authors thank all participants who volunteered for this study, as well as Kathrin Weinmann, Susanne Seifert, and Julius Hannink who supported this research work by data acquisition. General acknowledgement 5662548 The funding sources had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. Declaration 6026628 We are grateful to A. Gharbi for technical assistance, Y. Autier, E. Belometti, E. Mansour, and I. Scotto for their assistance in mouse production and animal care. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5510619 We greatly appreciate the help of Dr. Hui Nie from Durham of North Carolina, USA with the translation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5510619 Also thanks to Dr Hui Hui Wu and Dr Shao Hua Cheng of Taihe Hospital for their help. General acknowledgement 4358068 The study was funded by Karolinska Institute, the Swedish Ministry of Defence and Chalmers Area of Advance, Transport. Financial 4358068 We thank Maria Angéria for excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5500638 We thank Ms. Ariana Gover-Chamlou and Abigail Hawkins for assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5500638 This research was funded by the Military Amputee Research Program at WRAMC and the Center for Rehabilitation Sciences at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (Award Number W81xWh-06-2-0073 to the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc.). Financial 5810279 The authors are grateful to the Efficacy and Mechanisms Evaluation Programme for the funding to conduct the FAST INdICATE trial. Financial 5810279 Colleagues from the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging are appreciated for, assistance with setting up of MRI protocols (Karla Miller) and MRI analysis (James Kolasinski and Jill Betts). Peer interactive communication and technical support 5810279 HJ-B is supported by the Wellcome Trust (110027/Z/15/Z) and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. Financial 5810279 The Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging is supported by core funding from the Wellcome Trust (203139/Z/16/Z). Financial 5810279 CW was also supported in this work by NHS Lothian via the Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit. Financial 6189288 This study was partially funded by Progetto di Rete NET-2013-02356160-3, Italian Ministry of Health. Financial 4122180 This work was supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research to Thérèse Di Paolo. Financial 5932175 We are grateful to the patients for their willingness to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 3468830 This work was supported by NIH/NICHD HD 44517 (to Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic), John E. Fogarty Award TW007423-128322 (to Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic), ARRA supplement NIH/NICHD HD 44517 (to Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic), March of Dimes National Award (to Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic), and Harold Carron endowment (to Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic). Financial 3468830 Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic was an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association. General statement 5862789 The authors gratefully acknowledge Michael Schubert, PT, Ph. D., Desi Schoo, MD, and Mohamed Lehar, MD for their assistance in recruiting subjects. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6141918 The authors should like to thank the patients for their commitment to this research. General acknowledgement 4780037 The authors wish to thank Stockholm County, Karolinska Institutet, SENSUS Region MellanSverige and Swedish Armed Forces for funding and resources. Financial 4780037 We would also like to thank Sarah Hellewell (Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia) for help with setting up the hypoxic model. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3082766 This work was supported by UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT grants IN225209 to R. Drucker-Colín. Financial 3082766 We would like to thank Diana Millán-Aldaco, Marcela Palomero-Rivero, Teresa Torres-Peralta, and Francisco Pérez-Eugenio for their technical assistance and support in the reviewing of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3082766 We would also like to thank the Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and the DGIP of the Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa for their support. General acknowledgement 5004570 We would like to thank Raeesa Qureshi for help with the immunochemistry. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4411996 Preparation of this manuscript was supported by research grants R01 DC011330 from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders of the U. S. Public Health Service (AG) and from Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (SH). Financial 5928295 The authors would like to thank LuAnne Sculley for her dedication to ocular ultrasonography and assistance with this research protocol. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5928295 This work was supported, in part, by an unrestricted grant to the Mayo Clinic Department of Ophthalmology by Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc., New York, NY, USA. Financial 5775965 This work was supported by the projects EUROHEADPAINFP7-Health 2013-Innovation; Grant No. 602633; GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00034, KTIA_NAP_13-2014-0022, and GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00048. Financial 5775965 The authors are grateful to Jennifer Tusz for his valuable contribution in proofreading the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3948047 The authors thank Dr. Karol Osipowicz for his participation in data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3948047 This work was supported, in part, by the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (grant number R21 NS056071-01A1) to Dr. Joseph I. Tracy. Financial 6099080 We would like to acknowledge the principal investigators of the TRACK TBI Pilot research program, the sub-investigators and research teams that contributed to TRACK TBI Pilot, and the patients who participated. General acknowledgement 3008936 This review was supported in part by Taipei Veterans General Hospital (V99C1-063) and Ministry of Education (Aim for the Top University Plan). Financial 5177614 The authors thank Anne Tio-Gillen for performing the anti-ganglioside antibody assay. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3506891 This work is supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation, the Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, and the Boninchi Foundation. Financial 5524743 The authors thank the families of their patients for entrusting them with their care. General acknowledgement 4521505 The authors thank the stroke survivors and healthy control participants who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4521505 They would also like to thank Dr. Rüdiger Seitz who provided expertise in delineation of infarcts in Figure 1 and Dr. David Abbott who provided assistance with preliminary analyses. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5340769 The authors thank all participants who have taken part. General acknowledgement 3949352 The authors would like to thank Drs Nageswararao Chilukuri and Brian Keyser, USAMRICD, APG, MD, USA for their valuable comments, and to thank Ms. Cindy Kronman, USAMRICD, APG, MD, USA, for her editing assistance in preparing this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6005348 The authors would like to thank the Analytisch Biochemisch Laboratorium (ABL), Assen, The Netherlands for developing a bioanalytical method, and analyzing betahistine in cat blood plasma. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6005348 The authors thank, Valerie Gilbert and Elodie Mansour for animal care and Abdessadek El Ahmadi for expertise in statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5357974 This research was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Strategic Team Grant in Applied Injury Research #TIR-103946, and the Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation (www.onf.org). Financial 5357974 The authors are grateful to Dr. Amy W. Lin (Board-certified radiologist) for screening the MRI scans of all subjects for gross abnormalities in the central white matter of the brain. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4233943 This research was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant No. 205321-144529) and by the Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of the Geneva-Lausanne Universities and EPFL, and the foundations Leenaards and Louis-Jeantet. Financial 4233943 The authors would like to thank the Tractometer team and, in particular, Jean-Christophe Houde for the help and suggestions to achieved the best fiber reconstructions on the FiberCup phantom. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4233943 The authors would also like to thank Bilal Farooq and Michel Bierlaire from EPFL for their advice on the optimization procedure. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5067529 This work was supported by NMRC work unit number 0000B999.0000.000. Financial 5067529 A1503 and by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service Award 1I01RX000996-01. General statement 5067529 The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U. S. Government. Declaration 5067529 ML-S, EM-J, and SA are military service members (or employees of the U. S. Government). General statement 5067529 This work was prepared as part of their official duties. Declaration 5067529 Title 17 U. S. C. § 105 provides that copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government. Declaration 5067529 Title 17 U. S. C. § 101 defines a U. S. Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U. S. Government as part of that person’s official duties. Declaration 6287027 This work was partially supported by L'Associazione Nazionale Contro le Infezioni Ospedaliere (L'ANCIO). Financial 6256428 C. Knispel as the stroke and study nurse essentially contributed to the collection of the data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6256428 H. Niggemann did the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6256428 L. Bloom has done the native speaker language revision of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3317043 This work was supported in part by Global COE Program (Sport Sciences for the Promotion of Active Life) MEXT Japan, and KIBANKEISEI, MEXT Japan. Financial 3317043 The authors thank Dr. Thomas Maloney for kind and detailed editing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5879441 This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the CIBERFES (CB16/10/00239), grants 19899/GERM/15 and SAF2013-49132-C2-1-R all of them awarded to JM (co-financed by FEDER). Financial 5879441 The authors would like to thank Imanol Martínez for his kind revision of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5879441 The authors gratefully acknowledge the participation of all the patients in this research project. General acknowledgement 6232892 We would like to thank the study participants and their families for generously donating their time and energies to this study. General acknowledgement 5741595 We also thank Kellie Cahill and the MRI technologists for their assistance with data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5741595 We would like to acknowledge Dylan Tisdall and Andre van der Kouwe (Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging) and Himanshu Bhat (Siemens Medical Center) for the provision of WIP711D (vNav Motion-Corrected Multiecho MPRAGE) used to acquire MEMPRAGE data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5741595 We are grateful to the patients and families in this study for their participation and support. General acknowledgement 5741595 This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (K23NS094538), the Center for Integration of Medicine & Innovative Technology (Boston, MA, USA), the American Academy of Neurology/American Brain Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Neurology and Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, and the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR). Financial 5900891 The authors thank the participants and their families. General acknowledgement 5742098 We thank Mia Oviatt for assisting with editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5742098 This article is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Salomon Moni Hamaoui and Lillian Jones Black, both of whom died from Alzheimer’s disease. Declaration 5992294 The authors would like to thank Mariana Trigo Pereira, who kindly provided the pictures of zebrafish. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5992294 RV was supported by a grant (SFRH/BD/78077/2011) from Fundação para e a Ciência e Tecnologia. Financial 5992294 TO is supported by the DFG Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB). Financial 3713404 We thank Drs. Diana L. Castillo-Carranza, Marcos J. Guerrero-Munoz, and George R. Jackson for useful suggestions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3713404 This work was supported by: The Cullen Family Trust for Health Care, the Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), the Michael J. Fox Foundation, and the Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Financial 5992375 The authors would like to thank all the respondents that participated in this research. General acknowledgement 5992375 The authors would like to thank Jared A. Shaw (KOW) for providing language help, writing assistance, and proof reading of the article. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5954035 The authors are thankful to all study participants and staff of Sahlgrenska University Hospital for their valuable contribution. General acknowledgement 5954035 The authors also thank Hanna Persson and Eva-Lena Bustrén for collecting the data, and Anver Hisham and Daniel Goude for their valuable contributions in software programming for kinematic data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4495346 We are grateful for the support of NH&MRC of Australia (project grants 632746, 1046826) and of the Garnett Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial Foundation (Grant RP228). Financial 4495346 We thank Dr. L. E. Mezey for her help with the statistics. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6036273 We thank Dr. Phillip Cremer, Associate Professor at the University of Sydney and neurologist at North Shore Vertigo and Neurology Clinic, for his diagnosis of vestibular neuritis in our subject. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6036273 We also thank Dr. Richard Fitzpatrick, Associate Professor at the University of New South Wales, for his advice and assistance in configuring the force plate equipment used in our study. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3017360 Funding from Indian agencies viz. Financial 3017360 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Department of Science and Technology and UGC-Capacity Build Up are acknowledged. General acknowledgement 4189436 The authors thank Mrs. Barbara Wade for her linguistic advice. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3770942 This work was support by NIDA, DA25875 (Jeff A Beeler). Financial 3770942 The image used in Figure 2 (top) was licensed from Polka Dot Images/Thinkstock. Declaration 4877367 The authors thank Matthew Haley, Gozde Tuncer Erdemir, and Roy Anderson for their assistance with participant recruitment, data collection, and analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3801149 Sources of funding: this work was supported by NIH-NINDS K24NS072272 (David S. Liebeskind). Financial 4097942 Supported by NIH Grants: DC012162 (Mingjia Dai), DC012573 (Bernard Cohen) and DC05204 (Bernard Cohen). Financial 4097942 We thank doctors in the US and Canada and the MdDS Foundation for referring subjects, Dmitri Ogorodnikov for technical support, and Kaitlin Kerr and Mark Hajjar for editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6119713 The authors thank Cheryl Ernest for proofreading and editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4237057 Support for this work was received from the University of Toledo Foundation and the American Tinnitus Association. Financial 4237057 We are grateful to Dr. Abraham Lee for helpful comments on the manuscript and to Dr. Hongyan Li for assistance with translation of articles written in Chinese. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5797301 We would like to thank Ms. Man Wu, Maggie (Assistant Unit Manager, AIA International Lt.) for her constructive suggestions in statistical analysis and English language editing, and thank Dr. Lei Gao (Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan, China) for his help in the VBM analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5869191 We are grateful to Drs. J.-M. General acknowledgement 5869191 Graïc, J. J. van Heerikhuize, and D. F. Swaab (Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), Dr. R. J. Braun (Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany), and Professor M. Yamada (Department of Brain Disease Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan) for assistance. General acknowledgement 5869191 We would like to thank Dr. P. Davies (Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA) for his generous gift of anti-MC1 and anti-CP13. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5869191 This study was supported in part by the JSPS KAKENHI (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research No. 15K06754) and by the Collaborative Research Project (2017-#2907) of Brain Research Institute, Niigata University. Financial 5897546 We thank David S. Zee for his helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5897546 This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); K23DC013552, and the Leon Levy and Fight for Sight foundations, and National Eye Institute (NEI) K99EY027846. Financial 4172054 This research was supported by CSTS and CDMRP grant W81XWH-08-2-006 to He Li. Financial 5868303 The authors thank Bruce Eckloff and Yanhong Wu, PhD (Medical Genome Facility) for technical support; the Biomedical Statistics and Informatics team for preliminary data analysis; and Mrs. Carey Huebert (research coordinator) at Mayo Clinic. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3696910 Our work is funded by Alzheimer’s Research UK, Biotechnology, and Biological Sciences Research Council, Motor Neuron Disease Association, Medical Research Council, National Council for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research, the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Maudsley, and the Wellcome Trust. Financial 5670355 A preliminary analysis of the data reported in this work was presented in condensed form at the XII SIAMOC Conference and at the XVI International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders. Presentation 5534468 The authors express appreciation to Prof. Dr. Gerhard Wiche (Vienna, Austria) for providing us with rabbit anti-plectin antiserum, Dr. V. P. Fedotov (Voronezh, Russia) for his consultation, Fedor A. Konovalov and Ekaterina A. Pomerantseva for genetic analysis and consultation. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3644722 Edward A. Fon received support from the Parkinson’s Society of Canada (PSC) and the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR). Financial 4595842 The authors wish to thank Latoya Hyson for technical assistance and aid with our animal colony. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4595842 We also thank Dr. Sylvie Poluch for helpful comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3949135 We are indebted to Ray Cooke for English assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5395696 This work was supported by the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research through grant CTN01_00177_817708. Financial 5395696 The authors gratefully acknowledge Cristina Calì, Alfia Corsino, Maria Patrizia D’Angelo, and Francesco Marino for their administrative and technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3269033 This work was supported by R01 NS020246, and by core facilities of the Center for Translational Neuroscience supported by P20 RR020146. Financial 3269033 In addition, Dr. Urbano is a fellow of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (http://www.gf.org/fellows/17153-francisco-urbano) and is supported by FONCyT, Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (http://www.ifibyne.fcen.uba.ar/new/): BID 1728 OC. Financial 3269033 PICT 2007-1009, PICT 2008-2019, and PIDRI-PRH 2007. General statement 6277699 We thank Edanz Group (www.edanzediting.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4362217 We are grateful for the support of NH&MRC of Australia (grants 632746, 1046826) and the Garnett Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial Foundation. Financial 4362217 We thank Laura Mezey for her help with the statistics. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3275793 The authors wish to thank Mr. Danny Johnson for his excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3275793 This work was supported by grants W81XWH-8-1-0376 and W81XWH-07-01-0701 from Department of Defense. Financial 3275793 The research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Declaration 3275793 The views and opinions expressed in this manuscript are those of the author(s) and do not reflect official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U. S. Government. Declaration 5844939 We are grateful to the families who participated in this study and thank the medical and nursing staff on the neonatal units for their support. General acknowledgement 5844939 We are grateful to Ms Nicola Openshaw-Lawrence for assistance with managing the data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5357829 The authors would like to thank Kathryn Nedley, OTR, OTD, for performing functional assessments and useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4928599 This work was supported by the cortexplorer program of the Hertie Foundation for Neurosciences (http://www.ghst.de/en/neurosciences/cortexplorer/). Financial 4928599 This paper is part of a Ph. D. of DS at the Center for Systems Neurosciences (ZSN), Hanover, Germany. Declaration 4928599 The authors wish to thank Prof. Alfred Effenberg, Dr. Gerd Schmitz (both at Leibniz University Hanover, Institute of Sport Science), and Prof. Holger Blume (Leibniz University Hanover, Institute of Microelectronic Systems) for important insights while collaborating in an earlier joint European Regional Development Fund project on movement sonification. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4928599 We also wish to thank Benjamin Krüger and Dr. H-PB for implementing the real-time 3D sonification for the clinical study and Prof. Jörg Remy, Till Engert, and Steffen Rummel (SRH Hochschule der populären Künste GmbH, Berlin, Germany, University of Applied Sciences) for further development. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4928599 Finally, we would like to thank the patients and the staff of the BDH Klinik Hessisch Oldendorf for their ongoing support and patience. General acknowledgement 3034236 Preparation of this article was made possible by a research grant (MH50701) and an Independent Scientist Award (MH66424) from the National Institute of Mental Health. Financial 3034236 I thank Howard Roffwarg, James Shaffery, William Todd, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, and Andy Gall for helpful comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3034236 I also thank Howard Roffwarg for sharing his recollections with me about the origins and early days of the ontogenetic hypothesis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5870150 The authors thank the participants of the Ausimmune Study. General acknowledgement 5870150 The local research officers: Susan Agland BN, Barbara Alexander BN, Marcia Davis MD, Zoe Dunlop BN, Rosalie Scott BN, Marie Steele RN, Catherine Turner MPH&TM, Brenda Wood RN; and the Ausimmune Study project officers during the course of the study: Jane Gresham MA(Int Law), Camilla Jozwick BSc(Hons), Helen Rodgers RN. General statement 3829465 Their contribution was supported in part by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Grant no. 01 EO 0901). Financial 3829465 This work was supported in part by Italian Ministry PRIN grant 2010R277FT_004 to Stefano Ramat. Financial 6011127 We would like to thank the South African Medical Research Council for providing a 5 year grant to conduct this research project. Financial 6143823 The authors are indebted to the participants of this survey. General acknowledgement 5519525 The authors wish to thank Ms. Liesbeth Ory and Ms. Elodie Ducarme for their secretarial assistance and support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4362297 Author thanks Ms. Alaa Kamnaksh for her editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 2995956 This work was supported by NIH grant NS21065. Financial 4438602 This work was supported by Ex 60% 2008–2011 from the University of Brescia; NEDD Project (CUP H81J09002660007), Regione Lombardia, Italy; Ricerca Finalizzata Ministero della Salute Italy RF-2010-2315142; Marie Curie Actions – ITN nEUROinflammation, FP7 Project No. 607962 Fondazione CARIPLO 2014-0769, Italy. Financial 6218432 This work is associated with the DIFUTURE (Data Integration for Future Medicine, BMBF 01ZZ1804) consortium. Declaration 3970017 Pittau F. is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SPUM SNF grant 140332). Financial 3970017 Vulliemoz S. is supported by grant SNF 141165. Financial 3569620 Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Medtronic, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J. Fox Foundation; personal compensation as a consultant/scientific advisory board member for Solvay, Abbott, Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA, Impax, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly; and honoraria from Novartis, the American Academy of Neurology, and the Movement Disorders Society. Financial 3569620 He serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders, and on the editorial board of The European Neurological Journal. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4082181 Funding support from Health Research Council New Zealand. Financial 4082181 Technical support from Dr. John Wilson and Jeremy Morrison at Auckland Radiology Group, Fred Noten and Peter Smale and statistical support from the Children’s Research Centre, Starship Children’s Health, Auckland District Health Board. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3715734 Funding for this project was provided by research Grants from the National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) to both authors and North American Society for Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity (NASPSPA) to the first author. Financial 3715734 The authors would also like to acknowledge the technical support and contributions of Dr. Fariborz Rahimi. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5479920 The authors would like to thank the study subjects of this project. General acknowledgement 3173738 This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant number BFU2009-07341, SAF2010-14878); MAPFRE Foundation and Spanish Junta de Castilla y León (grant numbers SA092A08 and SA028A09); Lydia Jiménez-Díaz was supported by Juan de la Cierva Programme and Juan D. Navarro-López by Sara Borrell and Ramón y Cajal Programmes. Financial 3173738 We acknowledge Dr. S. Morcuende and Dr. S. M. Géranton for enlighten comments and the excellent technical assistance of N. González and J. H. Turrión. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4670913 We appreciate the cooperation of all study participants. General acknowledgement 4670913 Technical assistance was provided by B. Broll and K. Stahl at the Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4670913 This publication was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the University of Würzburg in the funding programme Open Access Publishing. Financial 5086577 The authors would like to thank all of the participants who donated their time to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 5999733 The authors are grateful to Dr. Andrew Liu, Memphis, for the pLV7Bmal plasmid and to Dr. Stephen Brown, Zürich, for providing the plasmids pMD2. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5999733 G and psPAX2. General statement 5999733 They also thank Ruth Brüffer, Anne Humberg, and Elisabeth Lange for the perfect technical assistance and Chris Bottomley for revising the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4644932 This work was supported by The Stroke Association (TSA 2003/10) and the Medical Research Council (MRC G0001219). Financial 4644932 NS was supported by a Brain Entry Scholarship, The Stroke Association (TSA 2003/10), and Sackler Fellowship. Financial 4644932 The authors thank Dr. E. A. Warburton and Mr. P. S. Jones for support. General acknowledgement 4644932 The help of Diana Day and the Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre radiographers is gratefully acknowledged. General acknowledgement 4332373 The authors are grateful to Dr. H. Siegmund, Dr. H-J. General acknowledgement 4332373 Gabriel, and B. Schacht for technical support, to D. Meincken-Jäggi, S. Bartsch, and particularly to N. Wieczorek for documentation, to S. Frosinski and Dr. K. Schulze for secretarial assistance, and to M. L. Anderson for language correction and critical comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4332373 Additionally, the authors owe thanks to the Department of Neuropathology at the Charité for cooperation. General acknowledgement 4332373 Funding: This research was supported by a DFG grant (SFB TR3 C7, EXC 257 NeuroCure, the EU-grants FP6, LSAM-CT-206-037315, FP7 Desire Project Nr. Financial 4332373 602531), and the Hertie foundation. General statement 5030283 We thank Prof. Dr. med. General acknowledgement 5030283 Dr. phil. General statement 5030283 Manfred Herrmann for providing a working space and an examination room. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5030283 A special thank goes to the students and patients that participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4424850 The authors acknowledge and thank Ms. Victoria L. Jackson, MLIS, ELS, for her editorial assistance and Dr. William O. Tatum for his assistance with literature on canines for epilepsy. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5820302 We acknowledge support from the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Financial 3311057 We are grateful to Mrs. Gloria Mognon for revision of the language and editing of the manuscript in its final version. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5711775 Many thanks to Giovanni Battista Mottini and Franco Lodi for their suggestions about daith piercing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5786748 The authors would like to thank Siegbert Krafczyk for support with the posturography and Zebris setup and Sabine Paul from the PROSPERA study team for support with the PSP study collective. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4209827 Study supported by NMSS Grant NMSS RG 4232A1/1 to Helen M. Genova and New Jersey Commission for Brain Injury Research Grant 10-3216-BIR-E-0 to Glenn Wylie. Financial 4209827 Joshua Sandry supported by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant MB0024. Financial 4209827 We thank a reviewer for suggesting the MS Fatigue Group comparisons. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3460224 Chandani McIntire, BS for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3460224 Sources of funding: this project was supported by an American Heart Association Fellow-to-Faculty Transition Award (BC). Financial 3460224 INOVA Diagnostics providing funding for all ELISA measurements. Financial 3314189 The authors gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Army Research Office under the Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (W911MF-10-1-0526; University of Pennsylvania as prime institution). Financial 3449487 The authors would like to acknowledge the grant support from the National Institutes of Health R01 HL086459, RC1HL100046-01, P01 AG11412, P50 HD057796, and CTSA UL1 RR024999 as well as the Diabetes Research and Training Center at the University of Chicago. Financial 5809413 The perfusion analysis software (MIStar) was provided to the site as part of their involvement in the International Stroke Perfusion Imaging Registry (INSPIRE, www. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5809413 Inspire.apollomit.com/), study funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. General statement 3717660 The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private opinions of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the United States Department of Defense. Declaration 5675885 The authors would like to thank the BESA Research team for their support and critical appraisal of the work. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4292776 We thank Gurudutt Pendyala, James Delorme, and Drs. Zihong Yang and Jürgen Ripperger for suggestions on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4292776 This work was supported by SNF grant 3100AO-104222/1, EC grant Braintime QLG3-CT-2002-01829, and the BBW (Urs Albrecht), the AETAS Foundation, and the Hans Wilsdorf Foundation (Sandro Rusconi and Urs Albrecht) and the State of Fribourg. Financial 4302945 The author is grateful to Dr. Raquell Holmes, Dr. Anne Osbourn, and Dr. Uri Alon for reading an initial version of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6019471 Parts of this paper originated from the doctoral thesis of JM-W. Declaration 6019471 We note editing of the manuscript by Inglewood Biomedical Editing. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4030183 This study was supported, in part, by a MHLW grant (BMI), a MEXT/SRPBS grant, and a MEXT grant (#23300151). Financial 4030183 We thank Dr. S. Ikegami and M. Wada for their help and Dr. Y. Nakajima for his continuous encouragement. General acknowledgement 6053510 The authors would like to thank Caroline D'Arcy from the Charing Cross Hospital for clinical support and Hao Dong, Simiao Yu, Orestis Tsinalis, Chao Wu and other researchers from Data Science Institute at Imperial College London for their help and useful feedback during initial data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6053510 The authors gratefully acknowledge support from an International Progressive MS Alliance Challenge Grant (PM), the Imperial College Healthcare Trust Biomedical Research Centre (PM, RN, C D'A) and the UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London. Financial 6053510 AG and GD were in receipt of GSK-Wellcome Clinical Research Fellowships in Translational Medicine. Financial 5088390 Dr. PR-d-C was supported by a grant (Universal 14/2014-461701/2014-6) from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Financial 5088390 Dr. PP-C and Dr. RM-O also wish to thank Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rede Nacional de Pesquisa em Acidente Vascular Cerebral-Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia do Ministério da Saúde (DECIT), and Programa Ciência Sem Fronteiras-Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). General acknowledgement 3787393 I thank Ms. Alaa Kamnaksh for her editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5675842 We are grateful to the two patients and their families who participated in this case report. General acknowledgement 5997810 This project was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Australia Partnership Project Grant (APP1013719). Financial 5997810 NS is funded by a National Health and Medical Research Council/National Heart Foundation co-funded Career Development/Future Leader Fellowship (APPS1110629/ 100827). Financial 5997810 CL is funded by a National Health and Medical Research Council Practitioner Fellowship (APP 1043913). Financial 5885068 This work was presented as a poster abstract presentation at the Neurocritical Care Society Meeting on October 11, 2017. Presentation 4026692 We gratefully acknowledge funding support from Alzheimer Society Canada for both Pradeep Reddy Raamana and Mirza Faisal Beg. Financial 4026692 This work was supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery grant and the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research grant. Financial 4026692 Bruce Miller and Howard Rosen acknowledge funding support from National Institutes of Health (grant numbers P50 AG023501, P01 AG019724). Financial 4026692 Michael W. Weiner acknowledges funding support from Biomedical Technology Resource Center grant P41 EB015904. Financial 6020789 This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 81571752, 81771914, 81571640, Shanxi Nova Program (2014KJXX-34) and National key research and development plan of China, 2016YFC0100300, the Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation (Grant no. Financial 6020789 LY15H090016), and Wenzhou Municipal Sci-Tech Bureau (Y20140577). General statement 6170610 We would like to thank Susan Kaplan for the language check of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5732974 The authors thank all study participants. General acknowledgement 5732974 They are also grateful to the French Garantie, “Mutuelle des Fonctionnaires” (GMF), which funded the study, and to the “Institut de Recherche sur la Moelle Epinière et l’Encéphale (IRME)” which initiated it. Financial 5732974 The authors also express their sincere appreciation to the study group participants Arnaud Messé, Habib Benali, Stéphane Lehéricy, and Richard Lévy from LIB (Laboratoire d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle, Inserm, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 678, Paris, France) and CENIR (Center for Neuroimaging Research, Paris, France). General acknowledgement 5732974 Authors are grateful to Pr Parsa, Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, for english editing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5402044 The authors thank Naresh Subramaniam for useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5402044 The authors are grateful for the help of the John van Geest Brain Repair Centre for help with participant recruitment and Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre staff for MRI data collection support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5788886 The authors thank all clinical neurophysiology lab technicians from Rijnstate Hospital and Medisch Spectrum Twente. General acknowledgement 4315029 Supported by CDMRP DM 102524. Financial 6110885 We thank Mikayla Lynds and Emma MacDonald for assisting with data entry. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3622056 This work was supported by the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente 2012). Financial 5410590 The authors express sincere gratitude to Eugene Klimov (Department of Genetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia) and Heidi Sutherland (Institute of Health and Biomedical Research, Queensland University of Technology, Australia) for their kind availability to provide the data requested. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5005421 This work was supported by the Clinical Research Priority Program (CRPP) for Neuro-Rehab of the University of Zurich, by the International Foundation for Research in Paraplegia (IRP), by the Swiss Paraplegic Foundation (SPS), and by the ETH Zurich Foundation. Financial 5005421 The authors would like to thank the following persons (in alphabetical order): Karin Akermann, Annika Ballmer, Deborah Bergman, Isabelle Debecker, Dr. Angela Frotzler, Dr. med. General acknowledgement 5005421 Margret Hund, Dr. med. General statement 5005421 Kerstin Hug, Dr. Kaspar Leuenberger, and Nils Reiner. General statement 3818583 This work was supported by a grant of the Italian Ministry of Health to Giacomo Koch (239/GR-2009-1591859). Financial 3818583 The authors report no disclosures. Declaration 5377264 We thank Shanghai Hongkou District Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning for its grant support for the Early Identi-fication of Cognitive Impairment in Shanghai, China (1203-01). Financial 3007679 These studies were funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia, grants 350333 and 566734. Financial 3007679 Stuart B. Mazzone holds an NHMRC of Australia Fellowship grant (454776). Financial 5492331 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 81271361 and 81330029) and the Natural Science Foundations of Tianjin (Grant 13JCZDJC30800 and 15JCYBJC50500). Financial 4413669 The authors thank the Synoptic Foundation and Velux Foundation for their grant support. Financial 4208412 The basis of the code used to estimate H in this work is freely available for non-commercial purposes from http://www.cubinlab.ee.unimelb.edu.au/~darryl/secondorder_code.html. Declaration 4208412 The authors, Patrice Abry and Darryl Veitch, retain copyright of this code. Declaration 5465243 This work was supported by a grant from the Italian “Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca” (MIUR) under the project entitled “Research, Application, Innovation, Services in Bioimaging (R. A. I. S. E. in Bioimaging),” code PON01_03054. Financial 5465243 First AIRC Grant-MFAG2015 (Project Id. General statement 3495261 This research was supported by the Integrated Center for Research and Treatment of Vertigo, Balance and Ocular motor Disorders, IFB-LMU, 01EO0901, and the Muenchner Medizinische Wochenschrift. Financial 3495261 The authors would like to thank Dr. Thomas Eggert for maintenance of the coil system and the calibration method and K. Ogston for copy editing the text. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3495261 We would also like to thank Dr. M. Halmagyi for helpful comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3008941 This study was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council, Karolinska Institutet, Marcus and Amalia Wallenberg, Magn. Financial 3008941 Bergwalls stiftelse, Stiftelsen Lars Hiertas minne, and Stiftelsen Claes Groschinskys Minnesfond. General statement 6292961 We are grateful to Prof. Dr. T. Chavakis from the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Clinic Dresden for performing the analysis and providing the data. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6292961 We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of the SLUB/TU Dresden. Financial 5976730 The authors thank all of the patients for their collaboration on this study. General acknowledgement 6246743 The authors wish to thank Apostolia Papalexandri for her contribution in the experimental phase procedures and the patients who participated to the study. General acknowledgement 5421192 The authors would like to acknowledge Feng Pingning for his technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5660972 This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); grant no. Financial 4321575 We thank all enthusiastic parents who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 4321575 Ines Halberstadt and Heiko Backes are acknowledged for their contributions. General acknowledgement 4321575 We would like to gratefully acknowledge A. Abourachid and M. S. Fischer for their valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 4321575 This work was made possible thanks to the support of the European Commission’s Cognition Unit, project no. Financial 4321575 IST-2004-004370: RobotCub (Ludovic Righetti, Anna Nylén, and Kerstin Rosander), to a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (Ludovic Righetti and Auke Jan Ijspeert) and the Max-Planck Society (Ludovic Righetti). General statement 5641552 The authors would like to thank all the patients. General acknowledgement 5581808 This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant (R03NS082950-01) and Kessler Foundation. Financial 5581808 The authors would like to thank Kathleen Chervin at Kessler Foundation for her valuable help in participant recruitment and data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6010519 We also extend our thanks to Dr. Slava Berger, Dr. Larissa Dyugovskaya, Dr. Andrey Polyakov and Dr. Elvira Bormusov for their invaluable help. General acknowledgement 3009434 Our thanks go to the Manchester Conference delegates and workshop participants†: Iain Chambers, Paul Dark, Ian Geraghty, Chris Griffiths, Arun Gupta, Stephen Hopkins, Nicola Johnston, Andrew King, Andrew Levick, Richard Protheroe, Raphael Sacho, Martin Smith, Gareth Thomas, Christos Tolias, Pippa Tyrrell, Andy Vail, Elena Vescovo, Chris Whitehead. General acknowledgement 3009434 We also with to thank Dr Dannielle Kirk, Dr Anna McGlone, Mrs Sharon Hulme, and Ms Nicole Burden, who kindly transcribed the workshop discussions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3009434 I would also like to thank Mrs Denise Fieldhouse for facilitating the afternoon workshop and for her clarity and drive in helping achieve our consensus statement. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3009434 My sincere thanks also go to my colleague, Mr Timothy Rainey for his help and assistance with the conference organization. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3009434 Thanks are also due to Dr Chen Nan for assistance with data analysis. Peer interactive communication and technical support 3009434 I would like to thank all the speakers and participants for helping make the day a rewarding and successful venture. General acknowledgement 6207995 We thank Gabriella Liscio, Abrielle Gouvin, Amanda Begley, Natasha Sousa, Allison Kornhaas, Gina Gallo, Mara Steinberg Lowe, and Heather Pepper-Lane for assistance with data collection and coding, and Susan Wortman-Jutt for helpful comments during manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6004404 The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access fund of Leibniz Universität Hanover. Financial 5835068 The work is attributed to the Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Declaration 3449496 This study was supported by FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil), grants 02/10435-0; 03/13424-1; and 05/56578-4. Financial 3449496 We are grateful to our patients for their helpful cooperation. General acknowledgement 5787073 The authors would like to thank Prof. László Muszbek for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5787073 They thank all co-workers of the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary, who participated in the blood collection and analysis of routine blood samples. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5732216 We thank the patients for their participation, the study nurses Kerstin Schwenker and Liljana Milinovic for support during recruitment. General acknowledgement 6066986 Ms. Patricia Bado, Ms. Julie Wein, and Mr. Sebastian Hoefle at D'Or Institute for Research and Education, IDOR, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, have contributed to study design, participants' recruitment, and data collection. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6066986 Dr. Juan Domininguez (Australian Catholic University), Dr Pascal Molenberghs (The University of Melbourne), Dr. Bryan Paton (The University of Newcastle), Dr. Parnesh Raniga (University of Sydney) have contributed to the setup of the neurofeedback platform at the Monash Biomedical Imaging facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5742483 The authors would like to thank Siegbert Krafczyk for support with the posturography and Sabine Paul from the PROSPERA study team for support with the PSP study collective. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6005881 This work was supported by grants from Dystonia Coalition (AS), Dystonia Medical Research Foundation (AS), Blind Children's Foundation (FG), and RPB Unrestricted grant CCLCM-CWRU. Financial 5758544 The authors wish to thank the patients of the Neurology Clinic—Cattinara Hospital (Trieste) for being so generous with their time and efforts. General acknowledgement 6085466 AG is supported by grant no. 564/1-000-00/564-20-021 from Medical University of Lodz. Financial 5702450 The authors thank Natasha Chericoni for reviewing the English of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6288193 We thank the University College London/Royal Free Hospital Biobank staff and the Norfolk UK Primary Care Network and National Institutes of Health Research and our collaborators at Royal Free Hospital Immunology and Clinical Pathology Departments, Norwich and Norfolk University Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust staff at the Charing Cross Hospital Neurology Department, Royal London Hospital for Integrated Medicine, ME/CFS Clinic (University College Hospitals, London) and all participating General Practices. General acknowledgement 6288193 We are especially grateful to the many people who have generously contributed to the biobank by donating their time, resources, and (often low) energy to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 5968110 The present work was supported by a grant to KB from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; grant FKZ-01ER0816 and FKZ-01ER1506). Financial 5968110 UD was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG, grant FOR2107 DA1151/5-1; SFB-TRR58, Project C09) and the Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the medical faculty of Münster (grant Dan3/012/17). Financial 5671500 The authors are grateful to the CHEESE study group (Chang Gung Children’s Hospital Study Group for Children with Encephalitis/Encephalopathy-Related Status Epilepticus and Epilepsy, Taiwan) for their technical support. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5714854 The authors thank Brain Trauma Foundation’s clinical research staff for assistance with data collection and maintenance. Peer interactive communication and technical support 5714854 This work was supported by U. S. Department of Defense contracts W911QY-12-C-0005 and W911QY-14-C-0086. Financial 5466970 We gratefully acknowledge technical support from Biomedical Imaging Infrastructure, Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center. Peer interactive communication and technical support 6309702 This work was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (RO1-HL55438, PO1-HL094291, and RO1-108175 to HHV). Financial 6309702 Jonathan Hernández is a recipient of a fellowship from the Panamanian Ministry of Science. Financial 6307340 We express deep gratitude to the dedicated staff of the Jordan MoH and Queen Rania's Royal Health Awareness Society, and their tireless efforts to improve healthcare in Jordan. General acknowledgement 6307340 We also thank Dr. Martha Prescott for her assistance conducting an early analysis and preparing the original tables. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6306682 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge Dr. Claudia Dittfeld, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany, for her support during the histological analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6306682 The authors also acknowledge Lysann Kenner and André Poremba for technical assistance as well as Juliane Schötz for assistance during sterilization experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6306653 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Daniel Navarro, Rubens Marçal, and Rafael Maza Barbosa for their support. General acknowledgement 6306653 Funding: This study was supported by Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP—Process 2017/05774-5), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES—Process 88881.171651/2018-01), grant from the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation (ISAKOS Osteoarthritis Grant—2018), and Sírio-Libanês Hospital. Financial 6305837 We thank Erica Zallen MD, for her work in data collection and Rollin Brant PhD, for his advice on statistical analysis, handling missing data, and using discontinuous mixed-effects models. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305808 We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Judith Siegel, Kiran Saluja, Judy Gomez, Mike Whaley, and Armando Jimenez for their contributions to this work. General acknowledgement 6305808 We also thank the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and First 5 LA for their support. General acknowledgement 6305684 The authors would like to acknowledge Kelly Martin at the University of Illinois at Chicago and Dr. Cindy Veldhuis at Columbia University for their expertise and assistance with the CHLEW data set and relevant variables. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305684 FundingThis work was supported by the National Institutes of Health under two Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Awards, through the National Institute of Nursing Research (T32 NR007100, PI: Medoff-Cooper, B.) and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD049302, PI: Ehrenthal, D.). Financial 6294351 A previous analysis of part of the data of Experiment 2 has been pre-published in a conference paper . Presentation 6305156 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thankfully acknowledge ACLS instructors at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. General acknowledgement 6305156 We also thank participants for their contribution. General acknowledgement 6305156 Regional Hospital of Randers and Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital are thanked for generous support. General acknowledgement 6305156 The study was supported by Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, and Regional Hospital of Randers, Denmark. Financial 6305123 We thank C. Eardley, S. van Noort and H. Geertsema for taxonomic advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305123 We would also like to thank the two anonymous reviewers who have taken the time to read and give critical input on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305122 The authors wish to thank all participants for their time and patience during testing. General acknowledgement 6305684 Conflicts of interestThe authors have no conflicts of interest to report. Declaration 6305120 We are very grateful to Stan Harris for his leadership and energies in archiving all the observations in northwestern California and making them easily accessible. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305120 Kim Hollinger and Bob Frey of the Klamath and Humboldt Bay Bird Observatories were, and continue to be, exemplary leaders of the banding community in training and record keeping. General statement 6305120 This is a result of the fruitful collaboration of the many partners who operated stations as part of the Klamath Bird Monitoring Network under the guidance of the Klamath Bird Observatory and the Humboldt Bay Bird Observatory, and the US Forest Service’s Pacific Southwest Research Station. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305120 We thank Elias Elias and Glenn Seeholzer for assistance in analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305120 Insightful comments were received from John Alexander, Frank Moore and his graduate students, and Peter Paton. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305120 Dave DeSante has made extraordinary contributions to our methods and thinking over the past many decades, and his comments on the manuscript and insights made this paper much better. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305119 Thanks are due to Ms Wei Songyun of Western Washington University for proofreading of the English. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305119 Thanks are due to Dr. Marko Prous of Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut for making valuable comments on a previous version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305119 Thanks are also due to Ms Yan Yuchen, Ms Liu Ting, Ms Zhao Hang and Ms Liu Mengmeng of Central South University of Forestry and Technology for collecting the interesting specimens, and to Ms Wu Xiaotong and Ms Zhang Yaoyao for their kind help in this research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305119 Thanks are also due to Ms Tang Min of China Agricultural University for her kind help. General acknowledgement 6305118 Thanks are due to lab colleagues for their assistance in data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305118 We are highly thankful to a qualified native English speaking editor at the American Journal Experts for help in editing proper English language, grammar, punctuation, and overall style. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305116 We would like to thank the staff of the NZG reptile and veterinary sections for their assistance throughout the study. General acknowledgement 6305116 Additionally, we would like to thank Abongile Ndzungu at the Endocrine Research Laboratory for expert help in laboratory techniques. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305012 We thank Dr. Dan Cao, Mr. Ari Gao, Dr. Meenakshi Anurag, Dr. Eric Chang, Dr. Kimberly R. Holloway, Dr. Svasti Haricharan, and Mr. Nindo Punturi for helpful discussions; Dr. Alyson Fournier for providing expression vectors of V5-DPYSL3 and reagents; Dr. Sendurai A. Mani for a gift of the SNAI1 and TWIST1 expression vectors; Dr. Meghana Trivedi for gifting HCC1569 cells; and the patients and their families for the provision of samples to generate the WHIM series of breast cancer xenografts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305012 This work was primarily supported by Cancer Prevention Institute of Texas Recruitment of Established Investigators Award RR14033 (to M. J. E.); the McNair Foundation; and the Eads Fund for Metastatic Breast Cancer Research. Financial 6305012 This work was also supported by Susan G. Komen for the Cure Grants BCTR0707808, KG090422, and PG12220321 (to M. J. E.) for PDX work. Financial 6305012 The WHIM 12 cells and PDX were provided by the HAMLET core at Washington University in St. Louis which was supported by Clinical and Translational Science Awards Grant UL1 RR024992. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305012 Research fellowships were awarded to R. M. from Hamamatsu Oncology Center, Japan; to A. H. from Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine in Korea; and to L. R.d. S. from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–Brasil Finance Code 001. Financial 6305002 The authors appreciate the assistance of Drs. Mats Dehlin, Jan Bjersing, and Mitra Nadali (Rheumatology Clinics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital) and Dan Norberg (Rheumatology Unit, Uddevalla Hospital) for clinical evaluation of the patients. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305002 We thank Ms. Rowdah Abdalla, Rachelle Espino, and Men Su for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305002 This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council (Grants 521-2011-2414 and 521-2014-2637), the Medical Society of Gothenburg, the Swedish Rheumatology Association (Grants R-566961 and R-477321), King Gustaf V’s 80-Year Foundation (FAI-2014-0016), Torsten Söderberg’s Foundation (2010–2014), Rune and Ulla Amlövs Trust, The Lundberg’s Foundation, the regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALFGBG-671631). Financial 6305002 This work used the resources of the UK Medical Bioinformatics Partnership, supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MR/L01632X/1). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305000 We thank Maria Fitzgerald for performing the dorsal rhizotomy surgery, Muftah Dagali for analyzing some of the DRG sections, and Natalie Wernet and Julia Bank for their support with tissue preparation for electron microscopy. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305000 This work was supported by a Wellcome Trust Investigator Award (098360/Z/12/Z) (to A. C. D.), and BIOSS-2, Grant A12 and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft FOR 2134 TP4 Grant (both to A. K.). Financial 6304996 We thank the VARI Pathology and Biorepository Core for providing samples for bisulfite sequencing analysis, the VARI Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core for providing statistical support, and Beverley Muhlhausler for curating and allowing access to BMI data from the DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) to Optimize Mother Infant Outcome (DOMInO) study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304996 This study was supported by National Cancer Institute Grant R35CA209859 (to P. A. J.). Financial 6304994 We thank Deniz Ipek, Mirko Lindig, Thomas Steudel, Mark Augath, and Axel Oeltermann for their technical assistance; and Ulrike Passlack for her help during anesthesia. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304994 This work was supported by the Max Planck Society and DFG Grant ZA990/1-1 (to D. Z.). Financial 6304989 We thank Christo Goridis (Institut de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure) and Elijah Lowenstein (Max Delbrueck Center) for a critical reading of the manuscript, and Sven Buchert, Petra Stallerow, Claudia Päseler, and Sandra Autran for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304989 Funding for this work was provided by the European Commission (Marie Curie Fellowship 302477 to L. R. H.-M.) Financial 6304983 This work was supported in part by a grant from the Cigarette Restitution Fund Program of the University of Maryland. Financial 6304983 F. D. was partially supported by A Student-Centered, Entrepreneurship Development (ASCEND) Program Grant 5UL1GM118973. Financial 6304976 We thank Sandro Parlanti and Frauke Augstein for valuable support. General acknowledgement 6304976 This work was supported by grants (to J. T.v. D.) (DO 1298/2-2) and (to P. G.) (GE 878/7-2) from the German Science Foundation (DFG). Financial 6304976 M. F. was supported by the DFG (Grant DFG FU 430/5-1). Financial 6304972 We thank Joseph Dalluge for help with mass spectrometry, and Greg Gillispie, Benjamin Grant, and Samantha Yuen for technical assistance with fluorescence lifetime measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6305122 Part of this work was performed in the context of a PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences by Yekta Ansari. Declaration 6304972 This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant R21 CA217695 (to N. M. L.) and National Institutes of Health Medical Scientist Training Program Grant T32 GM008244 (to E. B. F.). Financial 6304967 We thank Uta Lehnert and Linda Friedrich for technical assistance, Doreen Streichert for performing the EM experiments, and Celso Gomez-Sanchez for the CYB11B2 antibodies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304967 This study was supported by the TransCampus initiative between Technische Universität Dresden and King’s College London and by the DFG Grants CRC/Transregio 205/1 “The Adrenal: Central Relay in Health and Disease” (to C. S., C. L. A., and S. R. B.), IRTG2251 (to C. S., C. L. A., and S. R. B.), SFB655 (to S. R. B.), and CRC252 (to S. R. B.). Financial 6304962 Plasmid pTipQC1 was a gift from Tomohiro Tamura. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304962 This work was funded by the Earth and Life Systems Alliance at the University of East Anglia; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Grants NE/J009725/1 (to J. C. M.) and NE/J009555/1 (to T. J. M.); European Research Council Advanced Grant 694578—IsoMet (to J. C. M.); and NERC Fellowship NE/L010771/1 (to J. P.). Financial 6304962 We acknowledge receipt of a Colciencias Colombian Government Scholarship (to N. L. L-M.) Financial 6304960 We thank Eliezer Masliah (then at the University of California, San Diego) for providing SynTg mice, and acknowledge technical assistance from Gina M. Moriarty in Jean Baum’s laboratory (Rutgers University) with purifying recombinant mouse α-synuclein from plasmid pT7-7 originally obtained from Peter Lansbury. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304960 Technical assistance from Chelsea Bautista and Katherine Skibiel is also acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304960 This study was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant AT006868 (to M. M. M. and J. B. S.). Financial 6304960 Analyses conducted by the Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility were supported by NIH Grant P30NS046593. Financial 6304960 E. J. is supported by NIH Grants NS070898 and NS095003 and the State of New Jersey. Financial 6304960 M. M. M. is the William Dow Lovett Professor of Neurology and is supported by the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, the American Parkinson Disease Association, the New Jersey Health Foundation/Nicholson Foundation, and NIH Grants NS073994, NS096032, and NS101134. Financial 6304972 TR-FRET, SUPR-FRET, and DEER experiments were performed at the Biophysical Technology Center, University of Minnesota Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics. Declaration 6304956 We thank Dr. Tianyan Gao, Dr. Jens Lykke-Andersen, and Dr. Jia Luo for the polio internal ribosomal entry site luciferase translation reporter plasmid, NMD reporters, and mouse breeding, respectively. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304956 We also thank Dr. Jozsef Gal for reading the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304956 This study was supported, in part, by National Institutes of Neurological Disorder and Stroke Grant R01NS077284, Muscular Dystrophy Association Grant MDA352743, ALS Association Grant 6SE340, and Department of Veteran Affairs Merit Review Award I01 BX002149 (to H. Z.). Financial 6304956 Support from the Multidisciplinary Value Program initiative at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine is appreciated. General acknowledgement 6304956 M. K. is supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Training Grant T32ES007266 and the University of Kentucky College of Medicine Fellowship for Excellence in Graduate Research. Financial 6304954 We gratefully acknowledge William Vargas, Mady Cissé, and Sourou Gbangbade for their support in planning and implementing the LQAS surveys and James Smedley and Andrew Bennett for their support in data management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304954 We also are grateful for the in-country UNICEF, MOH, and MOPH staff who worked in support of the LQAS data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304954 The authors wish to thank all the districts’ staff for the collection of these data and all those who participated in these LQAS surveys. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304954 This work was funded by UNICEF NY (Project name: Assessing decentralised M&E of child health days to improve coverage; Contract 43114258) and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Investment ID OPP1142889). Financial 6304949 A National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship supported E. W. J. under Grant 1650114. Financial 6304949 The Royal Society of New Zealand partially supported A. G. through a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship, Project RDF-17-UOO-007. Financial 6304949 The David and Lucile Packard Foundation and the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies supported J. M. C. through Grant W911NF-09-0001 from the US Army Research Office. Financial 6304949 An NIH Director’s Early Independence Award (1DP5OD017851) and a William Bowes Research Fellowship (to W. B. L.) from the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley supported A. L. G., V. Z., B. O., and W. B. L. Financial 6304960 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 6304949 The content of the information does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Declaration 6304948 This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award DE-SC0005247 (polymer design and characterization) and by the Department of Defense, Army Research Office under Award W911NF-17-1-0351 (self-regulated optical devices). Financial 6304945 We thank the School of Advanced Research and Meow Wolf for their support and inspiration. General acknowledgement 6304945 This Perspective is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (Grants BCS-0819375, BCS-0748594, BCS-1600221, BCS-1459880, BCS-0647832, BCS-1818597, BCS-1558178, BCS-1236939, DEB-0119618, GEO-0909449, HRD-1008498, and IOS-1557836), the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research (Grant 8003), the National Geographic Society (Grant 8306-07), the Rust Family Foundation, the Leverhulme Trust, and EU Inco-Copernicus (Grant ICA2-CT-2000-10015). Financial 6304949 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6304938 We thank Drs. S. Kozlov and S. Woertge for helping us to generate hTNFKI and hTNFR2KI mice, respectively; and M. Blanfeld for assistance with mouse colony maintenance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304938 We thank Drs. D. Kuprash and G. Efimov for critical reading of the manuscript; and Dr. T. Bopp for providing FoxP3-Cre mice on C57BL/6 background (originally from Prof. S. Sakaguchi). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304938 This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant 14-50-00060 and by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Grant NE 1466/2. Financial 6304938 A. W. is a member of the Research Center Immunology (FZI) Mainz and was supported by DFG Grant CRC/TR 128. Financial 6304938 A and I. A. M. were partially supported by independent European Federation of Immunological Societies-Immunology Letters (EFIS-IL) fellowships. Financial 6304933 We thank Professor Conrad Mullineaux (Queen Mary University of London) for helpful discussions and insight, Giulia Mastoianni (Queen Mary University of London) for excellent technical support in the production and interpretation of TEM images, and Werner Bigott (University of Freiburg) for isolation of RNA. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304933 We thank Néstor Carrillo (Rosario University) for the kind gift of the antibody against IsiB. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304933 We acknowledge funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant HA5921/1-1 (to G. T. H.) for some of this work. Financial 6304931 We thank members of the Y. L. and I. D. H. groups and Dr. Karen Brøndum-Nielsen for helpful discussions; Malgorzata Clausen and Theresa Wass for technical assistance; Ms. S. Wang for the artwork; and Ivan Vogel for data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304931 The work in the C. T. M., I. D. H., and Y. L. laboratories is supported by US NIH Grants R01-NS060115 and P01-CA092584 (to C. T. M.), The Nordea Foundation (I. D. H.), Danish National Research Foundation Grant DNRF115 (to I. D. H. and Y. L.), the European Union Horizon 2020 Grant 665233 (to I. D. H. and Y. L.), and the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences at Copenhagen University (Y. L.). Financial 6304945 The views expressed in this Perspective are those of the authors and do not reflect those of their employers. Declaration 6304825 This study was supported and financially supported by the Research Administration of Tarbiat Modares University. Financial 6304825 We would like to thank the administration for their support, as well as BC patients for their participation. General acknowledgement 6304824 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by Cigna. Financial 6304824 Some of these results have been submitted for presentation as a peer-reviewed poster at the American Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy Annual Meeting in April 2016. Presentation 6304272 We thank M-M Chang for constructive suggestions, M-N Lü for specimen preparation, L Cavin, A López-Arbarello and an anonymous referee for helpful comments on an early version of the manuscript, and M Richter and L Grande for access to comparative material in the Natural History Museum (London) and Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago), respectively. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304271 We would like to thank Anthony Dixon and Manasi Mukherjee for language correction of our manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304271 Nigel Swarts and other anonymous reviewers are thanked for their suggestions improving this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304270 We are grateful to: Ralf Thiel (University of Hamburg, Center of Natural History) for providing the photograph of ZMH 1207; Prosanta Chakrabarty and an anonymous reviewer for suggestions that helped improve our manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304270 HS thanks Sanuja Kasthuriarachchi, Director of National Museums, and Lankani Somarathna and her staff, for access to specimens; Naalin Perera, Sampath Goonatilake and Suranjan Fernando for sharing their distribution records of Rasboroides; Suneetha Gunawickrama (University of Ruhuna) for guidance in the statistical analysis; and Charana Widuranga, Dayesha Abhayasundara, Dhanushka Lakshan, Kumudu Wijesooriya, Prasanna Higgoda and R. H. Tharindu Ranasinghe for their assistance in the field. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304269 The authors thank John Innes for helpful discussions, and Andrea Byrom and Roger Pech for useful comments on manuscript drafts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304268 We thank Daniel Pinto-Navarro for his logistic support. General acknowledgement 6304268 Comments by Michal Vinkler, Katie Duryea, and one anonymous reviewer improved the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304264 I express my grateful thanks to Y Arakawa for his assistance and effort for food item identification, K Kinjo and M Sunagawa for their field guide and piloting the research boat YAEYAMA, T Sagawa, N Motomiya, H Nakamura, K Oishi, M Yoshida, B Watanabe for assistance at field and laboratory, and the staff of Research Center for Sub-tropical Fisheries, Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute for support during the present study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304264 Constructive comments by DR Robertson, C Goatley, K Clements and CP Norman were much appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304825 AcknowledgmentsThis study was part of a PhD dissertation in nursing, which was directly supervised by SMK. Declaration 6304263 We appreciate the help of Laurence Smith and Komsak Sinsurin when collecting data during this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304262 The authors want to acknowledge the different Colombian transport companies and professional drivers who collaborated in the collection of the data of the analyzed studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304262 Particularly, thanks to Professor Dr. José I. Ruiz (National University of Colombia) for his collaboration and unconditional support for obtaining the raw data used in one of the cited studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304262 Also, thanks to the members of DATS (University of Valencia—specially to Dr(c). General acknowledgement 6304261 The authors would like to thank Ms Elena Eusterwiemann for her assistance with the data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304241 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all the families of the individuals with schizophrenia whom we interviewed during the study for openly sharing their feelings and experiences. General acknowledgement 6304241 We would also like to thank the health and family planning bureau of Ningxiang County and the governments of Liushahe town, Shungfupu town, Chengjiao xiang, and Yutan town for their administrative support, as well as all village/community doctors for guiding us to visit the households of the individuals with schizophrenia in the rural areas of Ningxiang County, Hunan Province. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304241 The study was funded by “CMB-CSU” Collaborative Program for Mental Health Policy Development (II) (grant number 14-188) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 71804197). Financial 6304161 We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Henrique Ferreira and his lab team for the support with the ex planta growth curve assay. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304160 We are grateful to A. Zanella for his discovery. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304160 Thanks also to the Soprintendenza Archeologica della Lombardia for permissions; P. Conca, C. Del Prato, G. Pasini, S. Rampinelli, and G. Teruzzi for fieldwork; D. Affer, F. Fogliazza, and L. Magnoni for fossil preparation; M. Zilioli, F. Marchesini, and P. Vignola for preparation of histological samples; P. Biondetti (Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore, IRCCS, Milano) for computed tomography; E. Rayfield for unpublished CT data of Allosaurus MOR 693; P. Makovicky and N. Smith for unpublished information on Cryolophosaurus FMNH PR 1821. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304160 For access to key specimens in museum collections we thank R. Allain (MNHN), M. Brett-Surman (USNM), P. Holroyd (UCMP), J. Horner (MOR), C. Mehling (AMNH). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304160 We also thank M. Auditore, F. Berra, D. Chure, M. Croce, P. Currie, S. Dominici, M. Fabbri, F. Jadoul, A. Lualdi, O. Matéus, V. Pieroni, and A. Scarcella for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304160 We are grateful to the Academic Editor H.-D. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304158 We are grateful to Cuilian Xu of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences for her help with sample collection and experimental setup. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303130 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors thank Mie Imanaka and Chisako Naito for their contribution in recruitments of bystanders and responders. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303130 The authors also thank Miyuki Yazawa, Noriko Furuita, and Masaru Funagoshi at Kyoto University and Shunsuke Saito at Osaka Medical College for collecting data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303130 The authors are also deeply indebted to all of the bystanders and responders in this study for their indispensable cooperation and support. General acknowledgement 6303126 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge helpful conversations with Prof. Jennifer Ross. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303126 Funding: A. C. B. gratefully acknowledges funding from NSF grant 1740630: CCI Phase I: Center for Chemomechanical Assembly and the computational facilities at the Center for Research Computing at the University of Pittsburgh. Financial 6304264 The present study complies with current laws in Japan. Declaration 6303126 Author contributions: All authors designed the system described here and determined the studies to be performed. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303126 A. L. and O. E. S. performed the simulations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303126 All the authors helped analyze the data and contributed to writing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303126 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6303126 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6303122 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the National Science Foundation under grants DMR-207070 and DMR-1610495 and the John R. Bradford Endowment at TTU, each for partial support of this work. Financial 6303122 The Office of Naval Research through the DURIP program grant no. Financial 6303122 Author contributions: H. Y. performed the experiments to make vapor-deposited amorphous Teflon films, determined the fictive temperatures, and made the nanobubble inflation creep measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303122 He analyzed the data and jointly wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303122 G. B. M. originally conceived of the experiments, mentored H. Y. in his research activities, and worked with H. Y. in the editing and finalizing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303126 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6303122 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6303122 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6303121 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge the University of Maryland supercomputing resources (http://hpcc.umd.edu) made available for conducting DFT computations in this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303121 We also thank the Maryland NanoCenter and its AIMLab for support. General acknowledgement 6303121 Funding: This work was supported by the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the U. S. Department of Energy through the Battery500 Consortium Seedling project under contract DE-EE0008200. Financial 6303121 X. J. was supported by a fellowship from the China Scholarship Council (201606160018). Financial 6303121 Author contributions: X. F., X. J., and F. H. designed the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303121 X. F. conducted the electrochemical experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303121 X. J. and J. J. conducted the calculations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303121 J. C. and J. Y. synthesized the SSEs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303121 C. W. conceived and supervised the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303121 All the authors contributed to the interpretation of the results. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303122 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6303121 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6303121 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6303120 AcknowledgmentsWe thank P. Sheng and Z. Zhang for the discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 We also thank A. A. Maznev, K. A. Nelson, E. N. Wang, S. Huberman, V. Chiloyan, and L. Zeng. General acknowledgement 6303120 We acknowledge TEM Analysis Services Laboratory for the TEM images. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 Funding: Work at MIT was supported by the Solid-State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3TEC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award DE-SC0001299. Financial 6303120 Work at UCSB was supported by the Center for Energy Efficient Materials (CEEM), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award DE-SC0001009. Financial 6303121 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6303120 TEM work at BNL was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, under contract no. Financial 6303120 We acknowledge the support of the NIST, U. S. Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities used in this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 The low-frequency Raman spectra measurement was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy. Declaration 6303120 Author contributions: M. N. L. performed the TDTR experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 J. M. conducted the Green’s functions calculations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 H. L. and A. G. fabricated the samples used in the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 B. S. performed the TDTR sensitivity analysis and further analysis of experimental data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 S. H., A. A. P., and M. S. D. conducted the Raman measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 J. Z. performed the first principles calculations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 J. G., L. W., Y. Z., and M. L. performed the TEM-based strain mapping analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 Y. D., H. Z., and M. L. performed the synchrotron-based strain mapping analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 M. L., A. J. G., B. J. K., and M. N. L. conducted the neutron reflectometry experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 G. C. supervised the research and contributed to data interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 Identification of commercial products in this work does not imply recommendation or endorsement of those products by NIST. Declaration 6303120 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6303119 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge Y. Tanaka, C. Nagai, and K. Naito at NIMS for their assistance and discussion of the nanoindentation test; K. Tamura at NIMS for discussions on chemical composition of the mica; and T. Kogure at The University of Tokyo for discussions on crystal structure of the mica. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303119 The chemical composition of the mica we studied was analyzed by S. Takenouchi at NIMS. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303119 The DFT calculations were conducted by using the Numerical Materials Simulator at NIMS, TSUBAME Computing Services at Tokyo Institute of Technology, and EIC Computer System at the Earthquake Research Institute of The University of Tokyo. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303119 Funding: This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant numbers JP17H05320, JP15H01145, and JP15H02147 to H. S., I. K., and K. K. and by a grant for Excellent Young Researchers at The University of Tokyo to K. K. Author contributions: H. S., K. K., and S. S. conducted the DFT calculations. Financial 6303119 H. S., K. K., and I. K. performed the shear experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303119 H. S. performed the nanoindentation test. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303120 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6303119 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6303119 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6302898 The authors wish to thank Daniel Snelling, Sarthok Rahman, Elyse McCormick, Istvan Miko and Colin Wright for their constructive comments that helped to improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302826 AcknowledgmentsThe study was funded by Servier Deutschland GmbH, Germany. Financial 6302826 Statistical analyses were supported by Pharmalog, Institut für klinische Forschung GmbH, Oskar-Messter-Straße 29, Ismaning, Germany. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302793 We are grateful to Carola Cañón, Jonathan Guzmán, and Andrés Parada, for their contribution during fieldwork, and to Natali Hurtado for her help during figure production. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302793 We also thank Lázaro Guevara and an anonymous reviewer for their comments and suggestions on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302783 We thank the personnel of Center Nanoimaging (CNI), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302783 We also thank Prof. Timothy Flegel, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA, Thailand) for his kind proof-reading of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302780 The authors want to thank S Kivitz, M Spaur, S Keane, S Sinha, and S Jin for their help measuring mosquito wing lengths and metabolic rate of mosquito larvae. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302674 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the Swedish Research Council (VR, grant no. 2015-06717), VINNOVA, the Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems (grant no. 2017-00269), and Department of Biotechnology, Government of India (BT/IN/Sweden/08/AK/2017-18), for providing for the funding to conduct this study. Financial 6302633 This paper was supported by funding provided to BTB by the Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University. Financial 6302632 We thank the two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments and suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302632 This work was supported by a GRFP under NSF grant no. Financial 6302631 This research was supported by a grant from the NOAA: University of Puerto Rico College SeaGrant Program (UPRSGCP; 2013-2014-012). Financial 6302630 The authors thank Sonja Schindler for help with the Bradford assays. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302628 We acknowledge the sustained financial support for ecological research in Western Ghats from (i) NRDMS division, The Ministry of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, (ii) Indian Institute of Science and (iii) ENVIS division, The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India. Financial 6302628 We thank Vishnu Mukri and Srikanth Naik for the assistance during field data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302626 We thank the Australian Research Council (grants DP0879610, DP0987360, DP120100162 to MAE), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (JC2015-04 to DZ), and the National Science Foundation of China (31572305 to DZ) for supporting our studies of insect antennae. Financial 6302623 RC thanks the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford; Lincoln College, Oxford; and St Hilda’s College, Oxford for providing funding to support this research. Financial 6302622 We thank Mark Westneat, Jon Harrison, Wah-Keat Lee, and Kamel Fezzaa for assistance with x-ray data collection and for many helpful discussions of tracheal compression in insects over the years. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302622 This study was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants 0938047 and 1558052 to J. J. S. and by the Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS). Financial 6303119 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6302618 All authors thank our respective institutions for their support and the various funding agencies for financial support. Financial 6302618 We also thank K. Meadows for insight on ethical questions related to species conservation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302616 We wish to thank Stephen McKillup, Tom Cribb and Lesley Smales for guidance during the PhD project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302616 We also wish to thank Stephen McKillup, Ruth McKillup, Philip Barton, Mary-anne Jones, Anthony Vize and Haylee Weaver for assistance with field collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302615 The authors thank Matthew Orr and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302092 The authors appreciate that Professor Tao Zhu from the University of Science and Technology of China (Hefei, China) kindly provided the tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/TAMR) cell line. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302092 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Grants 81473204 and 81773727 to J. H., 31770863 to Y. C., 81573427 and 81722046 to Y. D. and 81803517 to X. Y.; the International Science & Technology Cooperation Programs of China 2015DFA30430 and 2017YFE0110100 to J. H., Y. D., Y. C. and X. Y.; and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities to Y. C., Y. D. and X. Y. Financial 6301327 We would like to thank all dog owners who voluntarily participated in this study, Karin Knaup for the illustrations and Prof. Michael Farle and Dr. Florian M. Römer for providing the equipment to measure the MF strength of the bar magnet. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6301281 We would like to thank Franco Cruz for his assistance in sampling of specimens, Carolina Gallardo for her help with cartography and Caren Vega-Retter for her help with MIGRATE software. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6301281 MAV thanks Daniela Valladares for her help with the original version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6301281 The authors are thankful to reviewers of the paper for the valuable comments which assisted in improving the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6301280 We thank the Ministry of Heritage and Culture of Oman, Mr. Sultan Saif al-Bakri, Assistant-Director General for Archaeology and Museums, Mr. Khamis al-Asmi and Ms. Byubwa Ali Al-Sabri, Director and former Director of the Department of Excavations and Archaeological Studies. General acknowledgement 6301280 Richard Gemel and Peter Pritchard assisted M. D. while studying comparative osteological material, respectively, at the Naturhistorisches Museums Wien (Vienna, Austria) and Chelonian Research Institute (Oviedo, Florida). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6302622 This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. Declaration 6301280 Philippe Béarez, Márton Rabi, Wim Van Neer, Hans-Peter Uerpmann, Margarethe Uerpmann, and two anonymous reviewers made helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6301279 The authors thank Ms. Thippawan Yoocha and Ms. Duangjai Sangsrakru from the National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Thailand, for RNA preparation advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6301186 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge and thank the University of Washington Internal Medicine Residency Program administration for support in the creation and maintenance of the HIV Medicine Residency pathway. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6301280 Lucio Calcagnile and his team at Centro di datazione e diagnostic (CEDAD), University of Salento, provided the radiocarbon determinations of charcoal samples from HD-6. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300854 AcknowlegdmentsThe study was reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee of the Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland. Declaration 6300848 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Mrs. Anna Dzwonnik for her invaluable help in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300854 Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 6300847 AcknowledgmentsThe study was supported by grant KNW-1-043/N/5/0 of the Medical University of Silesia. Financial 6300847 We would like to express my gratitude to M. Sc. General acknowledgement 6300403 AcknowledgmentsWe thank G. Lahav (Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School) for the p53-Venus lentiviral vector and M. Huen (School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong) for the siRNA oligo targeting ATM. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300403 Funding: This work was supported by the Hong Kong Research Grant Council (#N_HKBU215/13 and #T12-710/16-R) to J. S. and the National Science Foundation of China (#31361163003) to F. L. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Financial 6300403 Author contributions: J. S. and F. L. designed the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300403 J. S. supervised the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300403 R. Y., Y. Z., and Y. L. performed the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300403 B. H. performed the computational analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300403 R. Y., B. H., and J. S. analyzed the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300403 J. S., B. H., R. Y., and F. L. wrote the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300848 Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 6300403 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6300400 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all the Aboriginal Australian participants and our Traditional Owner collaborators for supporting this research. General acknowledgement 6300400 Thank you to S. Adams for allowing us access to remains he excavated and associated community reports. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300400 We thank the National Throughput DNA Sequencing Centre at the University of Copenhagen, Novogene Bioinformatics and Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics for DNA sequencing, G. Price (Queensland Facility for Advanced Bioinformatics) for bioinformatics assistance, A. Devault (ArborBio) for target capture advice, N. Nagle and J. Mitchell (La Trobe University), and M. van Oven (Erasmus MC University) for assistance with the identification of novel mitochondrial haplotypes. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300400 We thank R. Galway and N. Moore for assistance with this work in Barham, NSW. General acknowledgement 6300400 This research was conducted using the NeCTAR Research Cloud supported by the Queensland Cyber Infrastructure Foundation. Financial 6300400 Funding: This work was supported by the Australian Research Council (DP140101405, DP110102635, LP120200144, LP140100387, and LP130100748). Financial 6300400 J. L. W. was supported by the Australian Government, the Environmental Futures Research Institute, and the Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution with a PhD scholarship. Financial 6300400 M. is supported by the European Research Council (starting grant 679330) and the Swiss National Science Foundation. Financial 6300400 Author contributions: Project conceptualization: J. L. W., C. M., E. W., and D. M. L. Methodology: J. L. W., S. W., T. H. H., C. M., E. W., A.-S. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300403 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6300400 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6300400 Data and materials availability: Aboriginal Australian contemporary nuclear genome sequence data generated in this study have been deposited at the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA; www.ebi.ac.uk/ega/), which is hosted by the EBI, under the accession number EGAS00001003359. Declaration 6300400 Ancient Aboriginal Australian nuclear sequence data have been deposited at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA; www.ebi.ac.uk/ena), which is hosted by the EBI, under the accession number PRJEB29663. Declaration 6300400 Ancient Aboriginal mitochondrial data have been deposited in the GenBank database (http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank), which is hosted by the National Center for Biotechnology Information, under accession numbers MK165665 to MK165690. Declaration 6300400 All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6300399 AcknowledgmentsWe thank R. Bourret for providing E. coli (RBB1050) and S. Parkinson, M. McEvoy, and M. Harman for useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300399 Funding: This research was supported by NIH grant R01 GM072004 and NSF grant CMMI 1361987 (to C. W. W.), NIH training grant GM0884905 (to D. K. V.), and NIH training grant GM008659 (to A. E. H.). Financial 6300399 Author contributions: A. E. H., D. K. V., and C. W. W. developed the experimental design. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300399 A. E. H. and S. S. performed the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300399 D. K. V. and C. W. W. developed and solved the mathematical model. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300399 A. E. H., D. K. V., S. S., and C. W. W. analyzed the data and wrote the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300400 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6300399 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6300399 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6300399 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6300397 AcknowledgmentsWe thank M. Malik, C. Miller Rigoli, R. F. Schwarzlose, X. Chen, and A. T. Shafer for assistance and R. T. Knight and K. T. Jones for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Funding: This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH107512 to N. O.) and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS64033 to E. A.), and the Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science (to N. O.). Financial 6300397 Author contributions: Conceptualization: N. O. (lead); E. L. J. and E. A. (supporting, equal). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Data curation: N. O. (lead); E. L. J., Q. Y., and E. A. (supporting, equal). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Formal analysis: E. L. J. (lead); L. T., Q. Y., and N. O. (supporting, equal). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Funding acquisition: N. O. (lead); E. A. (supporting). Financial 6300397 Investigation: E. A. (lead); N. O. (supporting). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Methodology: E. L. J. and N. O. (lead, equal); E. A. (supporting). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Project administration: N. O. Resources: E. A. and N. O. (equal). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Software: E. L. J. (lead); L. T. (supporting). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Supervision: N. O. (lead); E. L. J. (supporting). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Validation: N. O. (lead); E. L. J. (supporting). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Visualization: E. L. J. (lead); L. T. and N. O. (supporting, equal). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300397 Writing–original draft: E. L. J. Writing–review and editing: E. L. J. (lead); N. O., E. A., and L. T. (supporting). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300399 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to C. W. W. (email: wolg@email.arizona.edu). Declaration 6300397 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6300397 Data and materials availability: Raw, de-identified data are deposited to the NIMH public database (DOI: 10.15154/1481790). Declaration 6300397 All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6300397 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6300390 This work was partially supported by National Science Centre (Poland) research grant 2017/25/B/ST10/02221 to J. S. Financial 6300390 The authors wish to thank Oksana Malchyk, M. Sc. General acknowledgement 6300390 We also gratefully thank to the reviewers of this paper (Dr René Hoffmann and an anonymous reviewer) for the constructive comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300334 The authors are especially grateful to the editor and three anonymous reviewers, who greatly assisted in expanding the scope of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300333 The authors thank all the participants and personnel who took part in the study. General acknowledgement 6300329 Rotem Kimia, Anne Moskowitz, Jennifer Bush, and Jena Tavornina assisted with data collection at Boston Children’s Hospital. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300329 Vilte Baliutaviciute assisted with data sharing preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300329 Parts of this work were presented at Vision 2014, April 1, 2014, Melbourne, Australia and at American Academy of Optometry, October 9, 2015, New Orleans, LA. Presentation 6300328 We thank the staff and participants of the PROGRESS study, especially Research Nurse/PhL Agneta Aspegren-Pagels for her important contributions. General acknowledgement 6300328 The authors acknowledge Elisabeth Berg for assistance with statistical data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300327 We thank Dr Federico Tomasetto for making available existing field data on Argentine stem weevil parasitism rates of L. bonariensis by M. hyperodae. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300324 This study was part of the PhD research of the first author, supported by INTRA-ACP ACADEMIC MOBILITY project in the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Ghana. Financial 6300324 The authors are grateful to Mr. Ayuba Salifu and the Anwomasso Research Station team for their field assistance during the study period. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300322 We thank the residents of all eight villages for graciously receiving us in their homes and participating. General acknowledgement 6300322 Village leaders provided essential support and assistance with organizing community meetings to discuss the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300322 Particularly deserving of gratitude are the numerous Xavante health agents, school teachers, and translators who assisted during interviews and clinical exams. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300322 We gratefully acknowledge the expert assistance of dental students from the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul and Edilson José Zafalon for articulating their participation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300322 We also thank the health professionals at the Polo Base Água Boa, Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena Xavante, Secretaria Especial de Saúde Indígena. General acknowledgement 6300390 Cathodoluminescence imaging was performed in the NanoFun laboratory (Laboratory of Cathodoluminescence, Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw) co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund within the Innovation Economy Operational Programme POIG.02.02.00-00-025/09. Declaration 6300320 The authors thank everyone who participated and supported our study. General acknowledgement 6300320 And we express our gratitude to the entire organization for their willingness to support patient safety issues. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300319 Medical writing support was provided by Almudena Fuster-Matanzo, PhD from Medical Statistics Consulting S. L. (Valencia, Spain). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300318 We thank the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control for making the datasets of the GSHS from all participating countries available on their website. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300318 We also thank the survey coordinators from each country for sharing data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300304 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the numerous ART patients and providers who made this research possible. General acknowledgement 6300322 Permission to conduct the study within the indigenous reserves was provided by the Fundação Nacional do Índio. Declaration 6300300 We thank the Connectivity Map team at the Broad Institute for generation of the LINCS data set and query tools. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300300 We are also grateful to Andy Stephen, Ph. D., the team lead of the RAS Biochemistry and Biophysics Group at Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., for his help validating our HRAS/KRAS predictions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300304 Sequencing was done at the UNC-CH Genome Analysis Facility. Declaration 6300300 In this work, proteins were produced by Troy Taylor, Shelley Perkins, John-Paul M. Denson and William Gillette. Declaration 6300297 We sincerely thank all the respondents for taking their time to participate in the survey. General acknowledgement 6300297 We also thank the research assistants (interviewers) for their commitment and dedication during data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300297 Our heartfelt thanks to the local administrative authorities for their support during the field work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300297 We also thank Mr Isaac Babila Macauley and Dr Henry Akwen Mbah for reading through the earlier draft of this manuscript and for their useful comments which were used to revise the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300296 The authors thank Maria José López Andreo (SAI, University of Murcia) for assistance with the microarray analysis, Carlos Martinez (IMIB) for the immunohistological analysis, and to Katia Barreto and Ricardo Laguna for their help in the initial part of the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300295 Our gratitude goes to the Ghana Health Service for the permission granted for the use of the clinical specimens, the health staff and facilities across the country who and where these specimens were collected and submitted for testing and the VHF team at the Virology Department at Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300300 Biacore binding experiments were performed Patrick Alexander and Andrew Stephen, at the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD. Declaration 6300290 This study was funded in part by a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health (K08DA043050). Financial 6300293 This study used National Health Insurance Service (NHIS)-National Sample Cohort data (NHIS-2018-2-191) made by NHIS. Declaration 6300289 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China . Financial 6300288 The authors thank all participating doctors, staff, and patients from the collaborating institutes for providing DNA samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300288 We also thank Mr. Takashi Morizono, Drs. Michiaki Kubo, Momoko, Horikoshi, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences for their support of data managements, and technical staffs of the Laboratory for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Kidney diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences for performing de novo genotyping. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300288 Members of the SUMMIT consortium. General statement 6300288 Timo Kanninen, Anni Ahonen-Bishopp, Anita Eliasson, Timo Herrala, Päivi Tikka-Kleemola at Biocomputing Platforms, Espoo, Finland. General statement 6300288 Anders Hamsten, Christer Betsholtz, Ami Björkholm, Ulf de Faire, Fariba Foroogh, Guillem Genové, Karl Gertow, Bruna Gigante, Bing He, Karin Leander, Olga McLeod, Maria Nastase-Mannila, Jaako Patrakka, Angela Silveira, Rona Strawbridge, Karl Tryggvason, Max Vikström, John Öhrvik, Anne-May Österholm at Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. General statement 6300288 Barbara Thorand, Christian Gieger, Harald Grallert, Tonia Ludwig, Barbara Nitz, Andrea Schneider, Rui Wang-Sattler, Astrid Zierer at Helmholtz Centre, Munich, Germany. General statement 6300288 Giuseppe Remuzzi, Ariela Benigni, Maria Domenica Lesti, Marina Noris, Norberto Perico, Annalisa Perna, Rossella Piras, Piero Ruggenenti, Erica Rurali at Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy. General statement 6300288 David Dunger, Ludo Chassin, Neil Dalton, John Deanfield, Jane Horsford, Clare Rice, James Rudd, Neil Walker, Karen Whitehead, Max Wong at University of Cambridge, UK. General statement 6300288 Helen Colhoun, Fiona Adams, Tahira Akbar, Jill Belch, Harshal Deshmukh, Fiona Dove, Angela Ellingford, Bassam Farran, Mike Ferguson, Gary Henderson, Graeme Houston, Faisel Khan, Graham Leese, Yiyuan Liu, Shona Livingstone, Helen Looker, Margaret McCann, Andrew Morris, David Newton, Colin Palmer, Ewan Pearson, Gillian Reekie, Natalie Smith at University of Dundee, Scotland. General statement 6300288 Angela Shore, Kuni Aizawa, Claire Ball, Nick Bellenger, Francesco Casanova, Tim Frayling, Phil Gates, Kim Gooding, Andrew Hatttersley, Roland Ling, David Mawson, Robin Shandas, David Strain, Clare Thorn at Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, UK. General statement 6300288 Ulf Smith, Ann Hammarstedt, Hans Häring, Oluf Pedersen, Georgio Sesti at University of Gothenburg, Sweden. General statement 6300288 Per-Henrik Groop, Emma Fagerholm, Carol Forsblom, Valma Harjutsalo, Maikki Parkkonen, Niina Sandholm, Nina Tolonen, Iiro Toppila, Erkka Valo at Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland. General statement 6300288 Veikko Salomaa, Aki Havulinna, Kati Kristiansson, Pia Okamo, Tomi Peltola, Markus Perola, Arto Pietilä, Samuli Ripatti, Marketta Taimi at The National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. General statement 6300288 Seppo Ylä-Herttuala, Mohan Babu, Marike Dijkstra, Erika Gurzeler, Jenni Huusko, Ivana Kholová, Markku Laakso, Mari Merentie, Marja Poikolainen at University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. General statement 6300288 Mark McCarthy, Chris Groves, Thorhildur Juliusdottir, Fredrik Karpe, Vasiliki Lagou, Andrew Morris, Will Rayner, Neil Robertson, Natalie van Zuydam at University of Oxford, UK. General statement 6300288 Claudio Cobelli, Barbara Di Camillo, Francesca Finotello, Francesco Sambo, Gianna Toffolo, Emanuele Trifoglio at University of Padova, Italy. General statement 6300288 Riccardo Bellazzi, Nicola Barbarini, Mauro Bucalo, Christiana Larizza, Paolo Magni, Alberto Malovini, Simone Marini, Francesca Mulas, Silvana Quaglini, Lucia Sacchi, Francesca Vitali at University of Pavia, Italy. General statement 6300288 Ele Ferrannini, Beatrice Boldrini, Michaela Kozakova, Andrea Mari, Carmela Morizzo, Lucrecia Mota, Andrea Natali, Carlo Palombo, Elena Venturi, Mark Walker at University of Pisa, Italy. General statement 6300288 Carlo Patrono, Francesca Pagliaccia, Bianca Rocca at Catholic University of Rome, Italy. General statement 6300288 Pirjo Nuutila, Johanna Haukkala, Juhani Knuuti, Anne Roivainen, Antti Saraste at University of Turku, Finland. General statement 6300288 Paul McKeague, Norma Brown, Marco Colombo at University of Edinburgh, Scotland. General statement 6300288 Birgit Steckel-Hamann, Krister Bokvist, Sudha Shankar, Melissa Thomas at Eli Lilly. General statement 6300288 Li-ming Gan, Suvi Heinonen, Ann-Cathrine Jönsson-Rylander, Remi Momo, Volker Schnecke, Robert Unwin, Anna Walentinsson, Carl Whatling at AstraZeneca. General statement 6300288 Everson Nogoceke, Gonzalo Durán Pacheco, Ivan Formentini, Thomas Schindler at Roche. General statement 6300288 Piero Tortoli, Luca Bassi, Enrico Boni, Alessandro Dallai, Francesco Guidi, Matteo Lenge, Riccardo Matera, Alessandro Ramalli, Stefano Ricci, Jacopo Viti at University of Florence, ItalyBernd Jablonka, Dan Crowther, Johan Gassenhuber, Sibylle Hess, Thomas Hübschle, Hans-Paul Juretschke, Hartmut Rütten, Thorsten Sadowski, Paulus Wohlfart at Sanofi-aventis. General statement 6300288 Julia Brosnan, Valerie Clerin, Eric Fauman, Craig Hyde, Anders Malarstig, Nick Pullen, Mera Tilley, Theresa Tuthill, Ciara Vangjeli, Daniel Ziemek at Pfizer. General statement 6300288 Lead authors of the SUMMIT consortium are MM (mark.mccarthy@drl.ox.ac.uk) and LG (leif.groop@med.lu.se). General statement 6300287 We thank ACEMI for providing the data for this analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300287 The project was funded by a grant from the Office of the Government of Risaralda. Financial 6300286 We would like to the following individuals for their help in patient recruitment and data management: Ms. Grace Aranki, Dr. Shymma El Ataway, Dr. Abdurahman Albeity, Ms Eman Bawazeer, Mr. Mohammad Habli, Dr. Saskia Mandy, Dr. Mira Merashli, Ms Marioneke Mook, Ms Rawan Shayboub, and Ms Zeinab Slim. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300286 In addition, we thank all of the patients and control subjects, without whom this study would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 6300286 Drs. Saxena, Plenge, Hammoudeh, Al Emadi, Masri, Halabi, Badsha, Uthman, Mahfoud, Kazkaz, and Arayssi are members of the Middle East Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium. General statement 6300284 The authors acknowledge Mrs. Kristin Johnson (Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital) for her work in preparation of the figures and the neurodevelopmental behavior core at Boston Children’s Hospital (CHB IDDRC - 1U54HD090255) for their expertise in physical activity measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300284 Research funding for this study was provided by the Boston Children’s Hospital Surgical Foundation (LAB, AP, MP), and the National Institutes of Health Grants 5T32HL007734 (DTD, MAB), 1F32DK104525 (GLF) and 5T35HL110843 (SSJ). Financial 6300290 The funding agency had no role in design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or in writing the manuscript. Declaration 6300283 Gratitude goes to workers at the records unit and authorities at the Department of Surgery and Oncology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Department of Molecular Medicine, KNUST, Kumasi-Ghana General acknowledgement 6300282 We are thankful to Ms. Narjis Fatima, Research Assistant at the PCMD, ICCBS for conducting the cytotoxicity, Ms. Tooba, Research Assistant at ICCBS for conducting anti-bacterial assays, and Ms. Ayesha Fahim, Research Assistant at ICCBS for conducting the anti-inflammatory assays. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300280 The authors thank all responding students for filling in the questionnaire. General acknowledgement 6300280 The authors also thank Rikkert Stuve (The Text Consultant) for editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300279 We thank the staff of the imaging and biomarker laboratories for assisting in the study. General acknowledgement 6300277 The information in this document has been funded in part by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Financial 6300284 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6300277 It has been subjected to the Agency’s peer administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Declaration 6300276 This work was partly supported by the Fiosraigh Scholarship Programme of the Dublin Institute of Technology. Financial 6300275 We wish to acknowledge the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Big Data Analysis Collaboration Project in 2017 conducted by the Health Information Convergence Office. General acknowledgement 6300277 Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Declaration 6300273 The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research is an independent Research Center at the University of Copenhagen partially funded by an unrestricted donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (www.metabol.ku.dk). General statement 6300272 Special gratitude goes to my supervisors, Dr O. Mugurungi and Professor M. Tshimanga for their prodding and guidance throughout the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300272 I also appreciate Ms Tsitsi Juru who generously offered her assistance in the preparation of this project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300272 I also express my gratitude to the Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe and Health Studies Office, Zimbabwe for all the help they rendered to me. General acknowledgement 6300272 Last, but not least, I would like to thank all the Masters in Public Health (MPH) colleagues for their assistance, my dear wife, son and daughter for the social support throughout the project. General acknowledgement 6300270 This work was supported by JST-Mirai Program Grant Number JPMJMI17D4, JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 25287026, the Doctoral Student Special Incentives Program (SEUT RA) and the Foundation for Supporting International Students of the University of Tokyo. Financial 6300270 In addition, the authors would like to thank all the researchers which openly provided their data, thus making this study possible. General acknowledgement 6300270 We finally need to thank Andrea Gorrini, Luca Crociani and Daichi Yanagisawa who contributed to the organization of some of the experiments discussed in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300268 We would like to acknowledge the study participants and staff at the AHRI surveillance site for their work in providing and collecting these data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300268 Conferences presented: Ortblad K, Masters S, Oldenburg C, Salomon J, Mutevedzi T, Tanser F, Pillay D, Bärnighausen T. Predictors of circumcision uptake for a high HIV prevalence population in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Presentation 6300267 We are indebted to many colleagues of Irstea (Jérémy Don, Stéphane Bons, Romaric Le Barh, Debora Heroin) involved in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300267 We would like to acknowledge the Ferme Marine du Douhet (Dimitri Lassalle, Mylène Colleville) for providing juvenile fish. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300267 We also thank the Freschco Team (Irstea Aix-en-Provence, UR RECOVER) for providing valuable fish pictures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300266 We acknowledge Rawin Ingsirorat of Udon Thani Cancer Center, Damnern Vachirodom of Srinagarind Hospital, Pongin Sarikapooti of Queen Sirikit Hospital, and Somchai Amornprapatchai of Fort Suranari Hospital for their contribution in data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300266 Statistical analyses were conducted by BIOPHICS, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300266 Editorial support in the preparation of this publication was provided by Satyen Shenoy of Describe Scientific Writing & Communications and sponsored by Sanofi. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300266 Editorial support in the preparation of this publication was also provided by Anahita Gouri and Rohan Mitra of Sanofi, India, Soamrutai Boonsuepsakul of Sanofi, Thailand. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300273 The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research performed genotyping, quality control of the genotypes and genotype imputation. Declaration 6300266 The authors individually and collectively are responsible for all content and editorial decisions and received no payment from Sanofi directly or indirectly (through a third party) related to the development/presentation of this publication. Declaration 6300266 The de-identified minimal underlying data set is publicly accessible as a Supporting Information Files 1 to 3. Declaration 6300266 Qualified researchers may request access to additional patient level data and related study documents including the clinical study report, study protocol with any amendments, blank case report form, statistical analysis plan, and dataset specifications. Declaration 6300266 Patient level data will be anonymized and study documents will be redacted to protect the privacy of trial participants. Declaration 6300264 This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 2015R1C1A1A01054192, and No. 2017M2A2A7A02020639). Financial 6300263 The work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF, grant P25086-B19), by the City of Vienna (MA23 –project 18–18) and the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG, grant 839053). Financial 6300262 The authors thank all of the staff working in the Health Information Department and in the two clinical departments of the hospital who facilitated our process of data collection and assisted with the preparation of the raw material. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300261 The authors would like to thank the study participants, Efrat Yaskil for the statistical analysis and the reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300260 This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases through U. S. National Institutes of Health grants U01 AI 78407, (J. E. C., S. A. K.), P01 AI 078064 (N. L. H. and J. E. C., S. A. K.), R43 AI096936 (BJD). Financial 6300266 Further details on Sanofi’s data sharing criteria, eligible studies, and process for requesting access can be found at: https://www.clinicalstudydatarequest.com Declaration 6300260 Several authors are employed by Integral Molecular, Inc. General statement 6300260 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6300260 This funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors who contributed epitope mapping data including epitope data collection and analysis , but did not have any additional role in the study design, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6300260 The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section. Declaration 6300258 We gratefully thank Andres Merits (Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia) for providing the anti-ZIKV NS3 antibody. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300258 We also acknowledge EVA and WRCEVA for providing ZIKV strain MR766 and ZIKV strain PRVABC59, respectively. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300258 Further, we thank Ruben Pholien, Veerle Vanslembrouck and Sapna Sharma for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300257 The authors are deeply grateful to the reader who raised all the questions and concerns about our work. General acknowledgement 6300260 All other authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 6300256 We thank Reinout Heijungs, Patrik Henriksson, and Jeroen Guinée for their comments on the earlier results of our analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300256 This publication was developed under Assistance Agreement No. 83557901 awarded by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency to University of California Santa Barbara. Declaration 6300257 We had the opportunity to go through our results again and correct all the errors as well as rethink the rationale and implementation of the model. Declaration 6300256 It has not been formally reviewed by EPA. Declaration 6300256 The views expressed in this document are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Agency. Declaration 6300249 We thank Dr. Chuanchao Wang for his suggestions and discussion on testing for Neanderthal admixture in the Serbian genome. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300249 We also thank the Associate Editor and anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments that have improved the precision and quality of the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300249 This work was supported by the Center for Bioinformatics Research at Indiana University, and was originally carried out as part of a class project for INFO-I590. Financial 6300248 The authors thank Natalie Donaher for oversight on protein immunoquantitation, Miranda Corkum for help with culturing, Nicholas Fernandez for bibliography curation, Dr. Justin Liefer for help with RNA isolation, and Dr. Fraser Clark for performing RNA Bioanalyzer runs and for helpful guidance on qRT-PCR analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300247 Thank you to all health workers who lent their time to share their experiences during the interviews. General acknowledgement 6300247 Thank you to Farida Hassan who acted as a lead interviewer during data collection and transcribed many of the interviews. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300247 She was also participated in adapting the interview guide after the pilot interview. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300247 Thank you also to Ingrid Hylander who contributed to the development of the interview guide and acted as a mentor during the data collection phase. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300247 Thank you to the whole EQUIP team. General acknowledgement 6300222 We would like to thank C. Mehling and M. Norell for loan of AMNH material. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300222 Thanks to D. Evans and K. Seymour for access to ROM material. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300222 For assistance with CT scanning of ankylosaur fossils, we thank H. Rockhold, RT, and OhioHealth O’Bleness Hospital, Athens, Ohio. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300222 Thanks to B. Van Valkenburgh and B. A. Craven for discussions on turbinate anatomy and general CFD questions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300222 Thanks to R. Ridgely for initial segmentation and help with CT interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300222 Thanks to A. Morhardt, D. Cerio, and C. Early for useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300222 Thanks to T. Miyashita and M. E. Burns for useful advice and critique on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300220 We are indebted to the dog owners who gave us permission to use samples of biopsies of mast cell tumours removed from their dogs in the research study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300220 We are also very grateful to the first opinion veterinary surgeons who contacted the owners of their patients on our behalf, and who provided follow-up clinical information. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300219 This project was funded in-part by the University of Texas at San Antonio, Office of the Vice President for Research. Financial 6300256 EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. Declaration 6300219 There was no additional external funding received for this study. Declaration 6300217 The authors would like to thank the telephone crisis support workers who took part in this study and the service managers and supervisors who provided feedback and support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300217 This research has been conducted with the support of the Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship, and the Dr Barbara Wright Postgraduate Scholarship awarded by the Central West Branch of the Australian Federation of Graduate Women. Financial 6300217 Both organizations had no role in data analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300216 This work was supported by the European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme , by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research , and by a Ramón y Cajal contract funded by the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness . Financial 6300216 We thank Dr. A. Bonn, Y. V. Bhatnagar and one anonymous reviewer for helpful comments that significantly improved an earlier version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300216 We thank Chris Livesey for proof reading and Dr. Bi-Song Yuefor handling our manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300215 We thank all students, teachers, and school administrators who participated in the SNARE study, and made this study possible. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300215 We also thank the members of the research group Social Development on Adolescents (WALM) for their valuable suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300215 Finally, we thank Robert Krause, who helped writing the R-scripts to calculate the network indices. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300214 The authors are indebted to Nikolaj M. Budnev (Irkutsk State University), the captain and crew of the Geolog research boat, and Dmitry Gladkochub (IEC) in facilitating and organizing all Russian fieldwork. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300214 The authors would also like to thank Prof. Stephanie Hampton for providing summer water temperature monitoring and zooplankton abundance datasets for the south basin of Lake Baikal. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300214 We finally thank Prof. Luo Wang and one reviewer who provided very useful comments to improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300213 We thank C. Byrd, T. Garcia, R. Jackson, E. Murphy, D. Soong, S. Erwin, and the facilities staff of the University of Illinois. General acknowledgement 6300218 The authors do not have any conflict of interests. Declaration 6300211 We thank Dr. Kim Terrell at Memphis Zoo, Dr. Iain Valentine at Edinburgh Zoo, Dr. Gabriela Monstramonaco at Toronto Zoo, and Kenn Harwood at Zoo Atlanta for approval of and coordinating research activities at their respective institutions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300211 We also thank the keeper and research staff at each institution for securing SPME fibers in giant panda enclosures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300211 We thank all members of the Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory for their access to instrumentation and laboratory space. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300211 Lastly, we thank Dr. Andrew Kouba, Kyler Rendon, John Laws Ferguson, Dr. Candace Williams, Ashley Meredith, and Clayton Lamb for their contributions to this work. General acknowledgement 6300209 We are very grateful to all the farm staff who helped to facilitate this study. General acknowledgement 6300208 We thank the Community Youth Leaders, children, community members, all the study staff, Amjad Husssain, the data collection research team and community-based child development assessors who gave their valuable time, and without whom the study would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 6300208 We appreciate the support of the National Commission for Human Development, Naushero Feroze district office. General acknowledgement 6300207 We thank Kyle Moran for help with the statistics, and members of the Lew lab for productive discussions and input. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300207 This work was funded by NIH/NIGMS grants GM62300 and GM122488 to D. J. L. Financial 6300206 This project was supported by iDigBio with funding from the National Science Foundation’s Advancing Digitization of Biodiversity Collections Program (EF1115210, DBI 1547229). Financial 6300206 We thank F. Michonneau for contributions to the development of the ridigbio R package and for continued support with collections-based analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300206 We thank R. Robins, N. Rios, B. Sidlauskas, A. Williston, D. Werneke, K. Pearson Maslenikov, A. Bentley and J. McCaffrey for assistance in the vetting of data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300206 We thank M. Sabaj for communications regarding symbolic codes for collections. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300206 We thank P. Reitz and three anonymous reviewers for editorial review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300204 We acknowledge the HYDRA team and the participants of the class Methods of Underwater Research 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2011 for the underwater work and support during mapping and sampling. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300204 We thank Eskil Salis Gross and Wolf Dummann for sampling support and analysing sediment samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300204 We thank the MARUM, K. U. Hinrichs and X. Prieto Mollar for the analysis of the gas, and M. Segl for the measurement of isotopes in DIC and carbonate. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300204 D. Psomidiadis (Imprint Analytics GmbH) provided additional δ13C and δ2H measurements of the CH4 gas. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300204 Furthermore, we thank S. Flotow for the preparation of thin sections and Petra Witte (Univ. of Bremen) for SEM analysis and to O. Dellwig and D. Benesch for analytical ICP-OES support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300204 Access to the protected area of the island of Pianosa was granted by the administration of the Parco Nazionale dell’Arcipelago Toscano under permit no. 2930/2017. Declaration 6300204 We thank the anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300203 We would like to thank Ann Kinzig, Jim Collins, Ben Minteer, and Peter Daszak for their insightful comments and discussions on the research presented here. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300201 We would like to acknowledge the immense support of the staff and especially of the military divers at Carlini Research Station, which was crucial for the success of our campaign. General acknowledgement 6300201 Furthermore, we would like to thank Volker Asendorf, Axel Nordhausen, Fabian Schramm, Volker Meyer and Paul Färber for preparing the benthic chambers and the microprofiler and for support during deployment, Cäcilia Wiegand and Ines Schröder for production of the Clark-type oxygen sensors, Martina Alisch for carbon and nitrogen analysis of the sediments, and Bart Beuselinck for granulometric and pigment analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300201 We are very grateful to Ghent University FIRE Statistical Consulting for statistical support, to Kirstin Meyer from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for language support, and to the three reviewers, who considerably helped us to improve this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300198 This study could not have been carried out without the enthusiastic support of students at Department of Ecology UAM (Cristina Rota, Víctor Pascual, Jesús Miranda, Celia Santos, Rubén Altozano, Inés Cueva) and friends (Montse Reina, Esperanza Iranzo, Aimara Planillo, Carlos Pérez Carmona) who helped with field and laboratory work. General acknowledgement 6300198 Dr. Xavier Espadaler helped with the identification of some problematic specimens. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300197 We wish to thank Henrik Passmark, at the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, for linkage of the registers, and Per Wikman for database management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300213 Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. Declaration 6300196 PROTiP Medical is grateful to the following clinicians, for their clinical feedback supporting the development of Swall-E robot: Christian Debry, MD, Saït Ciftci, MD, Pierre-Olivier François, Jean-Claude Farenc, Agnès Dupret-Bories, MD. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300195 We thank Ms. Anne-Maria Suhr and Ms. Stephanie Riester for their excellent technical support in the in vivo experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300195 We would also like to thank Ms. Victoria Kapoustina and Ms. Annabell Heintz for critically reading the manuscript, and we are grateful for the support and valuable conversations provided by the other members of the Bruker Preclinical Imaging Reference Center Mannheim. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300194 The authors would like to thank the Foundation of the Rzeszów Archaeological Centre, Regional Museum in Rzeszów, Institute of Archaeology Jagiellonian University, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences and Archaeological Museum in Cracow for providing the research materials. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300194 We would also like to express our gratitude to medical doctor Jarosław Zawiliński from Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum for information on post-traumatic stress processes. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300194 We are grateful to Luca Bondioli, the journal's Editor, Claudio Cavazzuti and an anonymous reviewer for insightful comments that improved the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300193 The authors would like to thank Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable of Río Negro province for the permits to work in the protected area. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300193 We gratefully acknowledge to the Consejo Federal de Inversiones (CFI) for the financial support for the aerial surveys performed during 2014, 2015 and 2016. Financial 6300193 The authors would also like to thank everyone who assisted in our fieldwork and to our pilot Peter Dominguez. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300193 In addition, we are grateful to Bob Brownell Jr. for his unpublished information, to Claire Charlton and María Isabel Rillo for revising the English of the manuscript, and to Nicolas Cetra for the collaboration with the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300193 Finally, we would like to thank Els Vermeulen and one anonymous reviewer for their comments, which greatly improved this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300192 We thank late Dr. Richard Harrison for helpful discussions and advice and Steve Bogdanowicz for help with the nextera illumina sequencing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300192 This work was partially funded by a NSF grant 1650887 to L. S. Maroja and by Williams College. Financial 6300191 We are grateful to Jennifer Zahradnick for general administrative support and submission preparation, and to Carie Cunningham and Chen Lou for their role in collecting data at Michigan State University. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300191 The authors thank members of the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association (AAEA) for feedback related to this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300190 The authors would like to thank school personnel and teachers in Mölndal and Kiruna for helping in the distribution and collection of questionnaires in the cross-sectional study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300190 In the birth-cohort study, the authors would like to thank all the children and families who took part in the study. General acknowledgement 6300190 We also want to thank the staff at the Delivery Ward, Mölndal Hospital, the study nurses Mainor Åmark, Helen Andersson, and Anders Nordberg, and pediatricians Susanne Johansen, Margareta Ceder, Gunhild Lindhagen, Stefan Stentoft, and Carl-Johan Törnhage. General acknowledgement 6300190 We also thank Ms Caroline Landon for her professional and excellent work in editing and styling the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300197 No funding has been provided for the study. Declaration 6300038 FundingWe thank the High-Throughput Genomics Group at the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics (funded by Wellcome Trust grant reference 090532/Z/09/Z) for the generation of the sequencing data. Financial 6300038 SMW received grant support for these studies from the National Institute of Health Research under its Programme Grants Scheme (RP-PG-0310-1001 and -1003), the NHSBT Trust Fund, NHS Blood and Transplant, Restore Burns and Wound Healing Trust, EU Merlin FP7 grant (602363) and the University of Oxford. Financial 6300038 PH received support for these studies from the University of Oxford. Financial 6300038 Not applicable. Declaration 6300038 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of NHS, NHS Blood and Transplant, NIHR or the Department of Health. Declaration 6300038 Availability of data and materialsOur data are available through National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus using accession number GSE117844: (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE117844). Declaration 6299983 FundingThe study was partially funded by the Veneto region, Venice, Italy. Financial 6299983 This work was done under the frame of COST action TD1303 (EURNEGVEC). Declaration 6299944 We thank Shannon Glaspy for research support and Günther Fink for support of the study. General acknowledgement 6299944 We are grateful to the participants who took the time to share their experiences with us. General acknowledgement 6299944 We thank Comfort Bonney Arku, Grace Gletsu, Charles Sefenu,  Christine Papai, and the IPA staff who contributed to this study for their hard work and support. General acknowledgement 6299944 We thank Grace Kafui Annan and staff at the Ghana Health Service Health Promotion Unit for their guidance and support. General acknowledgement 6299944 FundingThis research was funded by the Weiss Family Fund for Research in Development Economics, the Harvard Lab for Economic Applications and Policy, and the Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science. Financial 6299983 Availability of data and materialsAll data generated and/or analysed during this study are included in this published article and its additional file. Declaration 6299944 Study sponsors had no role in study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, writing of the report, or decision for publication. Declaration 6299931 Not applicableFundingThe study was funded by a grant from Bayer AG and Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA. Financial 6299944 Availability of data and materialsThe data used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6299931 The companies had no influence on data interpretation and reporting of the trial. Declaration 6299847 AcknowledgmentsThe inCASA project was funded by the European Commission. Financial 6299931 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6299746 AcknowledgmentsThe work was supported by Geisinger Clinical Research Fund, award SRC-L-58. Financial 6299847 The software for our devices was checked using the CodeSonar static analysis tool from Grammatech. Declaration 6299746 Disclosures: No disclosures to report. Declaration 6299745 AcknowledgmentsWe wish to thank the house-staff and technicians at both sites for their instrumental assistance with coordinating patient care and equipment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299746 Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. Declaration 6299745 Disclosures: No disclosures to report. Declaration 6299745 Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. Declaration 6299744 Disclosures: No disclosures to report. Declaration 6299743 AcknowledgmentsThis project was supported by Swedish Research Council grants no 2015-04170 and 2017-00995, Swedish Cancer Society grant no CAN 2015/251 and Swedish Brain Foundation grant no FO2017-0236 and NIH grants RO1EB019934, K99EB026312. Financial 6299743 Lund University Bioimaging Center (LBIC), Lund University, is gratefully acknowledged for providing experimental resources. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299743 The authors are grateful to Boel Hansson and Johanna Arborelius for their assistance with the experiments and for helping out with the scanning and contrast agent injection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299743 Disclosures: Dr. Peter C. M. van Zijl is a paid lecturer for Philips Healthcare and has technology licensed to them. General statement 6299744 Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. Declaration 6299743 This arrangement has been approved by Johns Hopkins University in accordance with its conflict of interest policies. Declaration 6299742 This work was supported by the Competence Network of Heart Failure funded by the Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), and German Research Council (DFG grant HI 1789/3-3). Financial 6299742 This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 701983. Financial 6299742 AcknowledgmentsEqual Contribution: “K. K. and R. A. W” contributed equally to this work. Declaration 6299742 Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. Declaration 6299741 AcknowledgmentsThe study was supported by F2014/354 (ALF (Swedish Regional Research Funds), CAN 2016/365 (The Swedish Cancer Society) and P01CA085878 (National Institute of Health, USA). Financial 6299742 Disclosure: Nothing to disclose. Declaration 6299741 Disclosures: No disclosures to report. Declaration 6299653 FundingThe authors declare that they have not received any founding. Declaration 6299741 Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare Declaration 6299634 NoneFundingThere is no funding source. Declaration 6299653 Availability of data and materialsAll data are available in the database of Intensive Care Unit and Thoracic Surgery Unit. Declaration 6299547 Dr. Wijh Abusrewil for development of audit tool and set up of audit. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299547 FundingNo funding was received for this project. Declaration 6299634 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6299530 We would like to thank all patients for their participation in the study. General acknowledgement 6299530 FundingThis study was supported by TEVA pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., which was in no way involved in study design, writing or reviewing of the manuscript. Financial 6299547 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6299530 Author contributionsDSP and MvdB designed the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299530 IMB and CAC performed data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299530 FG performed data analysis under supervision of DSP, MvdB and IMB. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299530 FG, MvdB, DSP, IMB and CAC interpreted the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299530 FG drafted the manuscript under supervision of IMB, DSP and MvdB. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299530 JMV advised and revised the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299530 IMB, CAC, JMV, SS, AJL, HWF, PH, DSP and MvdB have full access to study data and are accountable for all aspects of the work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299530 DSP, IMB and MvdB supervised the entire project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299530 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6299530 All authors critically revised for important intellectual content and approved the final version of the manuscript. Declaration 6299495 The authors thank the SPIROMICS participants and participating physicians, investigators and staff for making this research possible. General acknowledgement 6299530 Ethical approval and consent to participateThe initial OLIVIA-study was approved by the ethical committee of the University Medical Center Groningen, and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01741285). Declaration 6299495 More information about the study and how to access SPIROMICS data is at www.spiromics.org. Declaration 6299495 SPIROMICS was supported by contracts from the NIH/NHLBI (HHSN268200900013C, HHSN268200900014C, HHSN268200900015C, HHSN268200900016C, HHSN268200900017C, HHSN268200900018C, HHSN268200900019C, HHSN268200900020C), and supplemented by contributions made through the Foundation for the NIH and the COPD Foundation from AstraZeneca/MedImmune; Bayer; Bellerophon Therapeutics; Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. Financial 6299495 FundingThis study was supported by NHLBI grant K23HL133438 to SPB. Financial 6299495 SPIROMICS was supported by contracts from the NIH/NHLBI (HHSN268200900013C, HHSN268200900014C, HHSN268200900015C, HHSN268200900016C, HHSN268200900017C, HHSN268200900018C, HHSN268200900019C, HHSN268200900020C), and supplemented by contributions made through the Foundation for the NIH and the COPD Foundation from AstraZeneca/MedImmune; Bayer; Bellerophon Therapeutics; Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. Financial 6299495 The project officers from the Lung Division of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute were Lisa Postow, PhD, and Thomas Croxton, PhD, MD. Declaration 6299471 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dr Charles Rosser and Dr Hideki Furuya (University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research Program) for their advice and assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299145 We would like to acknowledge the exceptional work done by Rachel Lane Walden, of the Eskind Biomedical Library, in assembling the database search strategy for this literature review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299144 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Financial 6299144 The CHHS program is supported by the Cancer, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Disease grants program of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Financial 6299144 M. Odette Gore is supported by a career development grant (K23-HL131939) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and by a University of Colorado School of Medicine Fund to Retain Clinical Scientists (FRCS) research award from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. Financial 6299495 Availability of data and materialsSPIROMICS data is available on dbgap, and more details can be provided on request. Declaration 6299114 This study was supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) R21 AG054953 (N. J. D.), K24 AG035007 (R. A. S.), and the Harvard Aging Brain Study . Financial 6299095 We thank all members of our laboratory for critical reading of the manuscript and helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299090 This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under grant nos. 81472654 (Y. Lu.) Financial 6299090 We thank Cameron R McKay for English editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298965 This work has been supported by Project Grant funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia to Z. H. (1006573, 1002458 and 1065677) and M. A. B. (569636, 1065677, 1045354, 1002458 and 1006573). Financial 6298954 We thank Riitta Hari, Marita Kattelus, Outi Mantere, Antti Takalahti and Aksel Vuornos for providing their expertize and support. General acknowledgement 6298764 We would like to thank the Dutch ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality and Wageningen Marine Research for providing the Dutch VMS-data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298764 We thank Leo Koop, Lucas Krüger and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298734 All data were provided by the Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298734 The AFSC’s Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering (RACE) division conducted all bottom trawl surveys and the AFSC’s Resource Ecology and Ecosystem Modeling (REEM) program and Food Habits lab collected and maintained all diet data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298734 Our gratitude goes to Wayne Palsson and Kirstin Holsman for querying data and providing guidance regarding the use of these databases. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298734 We also appreciate analytical recommendations provided by Franz Mueter and Jordan Watson. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298734 This manuscript was improved upon by reviews from Brian Burke, Martin Dorn, Masami Fujiwara, Kirstin Holsman, Terrance Quinn, Ian Stewart, and one anonymous reviewer. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298734 Funding was provided by the Pollock Conservation Cooperative Research Center (G00009488) and through graduate student fellowships from the Rasmuson Fisheries Research Center. Financial 6298734 University of Alaska Fairbanks and University of Alaska Southeast (Sitka campus) provided facilities and other logistical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298733 The authors are grateful to the participants of this research and whose responses provided the basis for this article. General acknowledgement 6298733 We thank Raafat Gamal, the field supervisor and the data interviewers for their dedicated work and adherence to quality in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298733 We would like to express our sincere appreciation to Deborah Ford, senior statistician, MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, for editing this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298733 We thank Tom McGee for editing and proofreading an earlier version of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298733 The abstract of this study has been presented at the World Conference on Tobacco or Health, 2018 in South Africa: https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/84617. Presentation 6299144 Conflict of interestThe authors have no conflicts of interest to report. Declaration 6298732 The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. Declaration 6298731 We thank Dr. Nicholas Reiter and Dr. William Martin for their guidance in generating and purifying the triphosphorylated RNA oligos. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298732 The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). Declaration 6298729 The authors would like to thank Jeff Gale (Shihezi University) for the editorial assistance with the English. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298728 John Stover of Avenir Health developed the DMPPT 2 model at the request of USAID, under the USAID Health Policy Project. General statement 6298728 The authors gratefully acknowledge the Kenya Ministry of Health for providing the data for this analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298728 We thank the PEPFAR VMMC Technical Working Group for their feedback, helpful discussion, and information sharing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298731 Software used in this project was curated by SBGrid . Declaration 6298726 The authors would like to thank the invaluable technical support provided by Euzenir Menezes, Livia Casseb and Luana Soares. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298726 They are also grateful to the Laboratory of Geoprocessing (LABGEO), and the staff of the Library, both of the Evandro Chagas Institute. General acknowledgement 6298726 They also thank the health workers and community leaders of the cities surveyed. General acknowledgement 6298726 Comments on the manuscript of Dr. Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz were acknowledged with gratitude. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298726 Finally, we thank CAPES for the granting of doctoral and postdoctoral scholarships. Financial 6298726 BARROS BCV is the beneficiary of the Capes concession; CHAGAS EHN and MASCARENHAS JDP are beneficiaries of grants from CNPq. Financial 6298700 This study was supported by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland through the Building Biocarbon and Rural Development in West Africa (BIODEV) project implemented in Burkina Faso, Guinea-Conakry, Mali and Sierra Leone. Financial 6298700 This project contributed to both CCAFS and FTA CRP agendas. General statement 6298700 The authors are thankful to Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) of Burkina Faso for their logistic support. General acknowledgement 6298700 They also extend their special thanks to the smallholders from the study villages who willingly accepted to be interviewed despite their busy schedules during the cropping season. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298700 Drs. Kangbéni Dimobe and Jérôme Ebagnerin Tondoh greatly acknowledge the endless and multifaceted supports of the West African Science Service Centre and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) which enabled the write-up of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298700 The authors are grateful to the three anonymous reviewers and the editor who constructively helped to improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298728 DisclaimerThe information provided does not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, CDC, PEPFAR, or the US government, and the contents of this article are the sole responsibility of Project SOAR (Supporting Operational AIDS Research), the Population Council, and the authors. Declaration 6298693 The authors address special thanks to the supervisory board of the Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW) for the encouragement of this study. General acknowledgement 6298693 The supervisory board of the BGW supported the idea to perform this review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298700 The actual inventory data can be found in the supplementary materials. Declaration 6298690 Disclaimer: This work was made possible in part by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Declaration 6298690 The contents are the responsibility of the study authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, the NIH, or the United States Government. Declaration 6298690 We thank the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) for supporting the HIV at-risk cohort studies in Kilifi, Kenya. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298690 We are also grateful to the staff in the HIV/STI project at the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) in Kilifi for their commitment to serving MSM. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298690 This work was supported by the Sub-Saharan African Network for TB/HIV Research Excellence (SANTHE), a DELTAS Africa Initiative (grant # DEL-15-006). Financial 6298690 The DELTAS Africa Initiative is an independent funding scheme of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS)'s Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) and supported by the New Partnership for Africa's Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency) with funding from the Wellcome Trust (grant # 107752/Z/15/Z) and the UK government. Financial 6298690 This work was also supported in part by funding from the Swedish Research Council (grant # 2016–01417) and the Swedish Society for Medical Research (grant # SA-2016). Financial 6298689 We thank the women who participated in the FOETALforNCD study, field workers, study nurses, clinicians, laboratory technicians, drivers and data entry clerks for their hard work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298689 Others, who provided assistance during data collection and quality control, include Lise Egholt Søgaard, Cecilie Bøge Paulsen, Hannah Kousholt, Anna Mathilde Yde, and Josephine Roth Eckmann. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298689 Special thanks to head of NIMR Korogwe Research Laboratory and Korogwe District health system officials as well as local community leaders for their valuable assistance, which made this work possible. General acknowledgement 6298687 We thank the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute (MSI) for providing the computational resources. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298687 We also thank the non-author members of the Johnson and Netoff labs for their help and support. General acknowledgement 6298687 Finally, we thank Andy Lamperski for sharing his expertise in optimization and control theory. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298683 This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 766466. Financial 6298682 We would like to thank Netafim Ltd. (Tel Aviv, Israel) and Shemesh Field Crops Partnership (Upper Galilee, northern Israel) for their assistance and support. General acknowledgement 6298682 We would also like to thank Roei Yonai (Netafim Ltd., Tel Aviv, Israel) for his many helpful suggestions, and Roan Halabi, Uri Bar, Heba Riad Shawahni, Shahar Nitzan and Daniel Vise (Tel-Hai College, Israel) for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298681 The authors would like to acknowledge Robert Kim-Farley, Karin Nielsen, Onyebuchi Arah, Judith Currier, Peter Kerndt and Paul Simon for their contributions to this work. General acknowledgement 6298679 The authors would like to express appreciation to the staff at Shan State Health Department, the local authorities in the survey areas, and study participants who voluntarily participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6298678 The authors would like to thank Professor Xuemei Zhang (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China) for providing S. pneumoniae D39. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298677 Thanks to all the subjects and their families. General acknowledgement 6298677 The authors would like to acknowledge Patrick Griffin, MSc, of iMed Comms, Macclesfield, UK, an Ashfield Company, part of UDG Healthcare plc for medical writing support that was funded by Sanofi-Aventis Groupe, Gentilly, France, in accordance with Good Publications Practice (GPP3) guidelines (http://www.ismpp.org/gpp3). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298690 This report was published with permission from KEMRI. Declaration 6298675 The authors thank Dr Kaye Morgan and Ryan Green for their assistance with image acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298675 Studies were supported by the WCH Foundation and NHMRC project GNT1079712. Financial 6298675 MD was supported by a Robinson Research Institute Career Development Fellowship. Financial 6298675 ZW was supported by a Central Queensland University Early Career Fellowship. Financial 6298674 This work was funded in part by the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES-26) and de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP-57). Financial 6298672 The authors would like to thank the dedicated animal caretaker Bieke Weyn for her help during experiments and for her daily care for the animals. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298671 This study was supported and funded by National Key Research Project (2017YFD060130403). Financial 6298671 We thank Wei Wu for assistance with the experiments and Jian Li for valuable discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298671 We are grateful to the reviewers for their insightful and constructive suggestions on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298669 Patients of the ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH Cohort. General statement 6298669 Management, statistical analyses: E. Boerg, P. Carrieri, V. Conte, L. Dequae-Merchadou, M. Desvallees, N. Douiri, L. Esterle, C. Gilbert, S. Gillet, R. Knight, F. Marcellin, L. Michel, M. Mora, S. Nordmann, C. Protopopescu, P. Roux, B. Spire, PM Carrieri, S. Tezkratt, A. Vilotitch, I. Yaya, L Wittkop. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298669 We also thank Fiona Ecarnot (EA3920, University Hospital Besancon, France) for editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298668 We would like to thank Yuji Yamamoto, Akira Rikukawa, Takeshi Koyama, Keiko Yokoyama, Hiroshi Yamada, Akito Miura, Charlie Rohlf and the STATS team for their help for this work. General acknowledgement 6298667 We would like to thank all the field assistants who helped tag and recapture gulls, including Julia Stepanuk, Stephanie Adamczak, Daniel Brown, Lauren Ralbovsky, Allison Black, Tucker Taylor, Emily Runnells, Michael Schrimpf, Bernd Distler, Jose Ramirez-Garofalo, Samantha Monier, Lisa Herbert, Julia Donaton, Caroline Schwaner, Emily Markowitz (who also provided coding insight), Jeffrey Kolodzinski, Susan Elbin, Teresa Schwemmer, and Justin Bopp. General acknowledgement 6298667 In addition, we would like to thank the Waterbird Society (Nisbet Research Award) for providing funds for us to conduct fieldwork on Tuckernuck Island. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298667 We would also like to thank Don Riepe at the American Littoral Society and Brian Gagliardi and Nick Rogers at SoMAS for transportation to study sites, and also extend our thanks to the Tuckernuck Land Trust for their valuable resources during our field work on Tuckernuck. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298667 We are also grateful to Scott Shaffer for sharing his thoughts and expertise in gull tracking methods and logistics, and to Robert Cerrato for his assistance with statistical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298666 The authors would like to thank the participants who generously shared their time and experiences for making this research project possible. General acknowledgement 6298666 Ørjasæter would also like to thank Ingunn Skjesol Bulling for being a critical discussion partner and reader during the whole writing process. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298666 The authors wish to thank the reviewers for their constructive comments and feedback on the manuscript sent to PLoS One. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298666 Finally, we would like to thank Nord University for funding this study. Financial 6298675 The real-world projection images were acquired on the Imaging and Medical Beamline at the Australian Synchrotron, Victoria, Australia under proposals M5211 and M7028. Declaration 6298664 We would like to thank the Keck Biophysics Facility at Northwestern University (Evanston, IL) for assistance with SPR data collection, Roberto Limeira and Cara Joyce (Loyola University Chicago) for the linear regression analyses of the in vivo data, Sarah Cook, David Christensen, and Bozena Zemaitaitis (Loyola University Chicago) for helping to complete and repeat the acetyltransferase overexpression experiments, and the members of the Visick and Wolfe labs (Loyola University Chicago) for important scientific discussions pertaining to this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298663 The authors wish to thank all participating adolescents and their families for their time and contributions to this study. General acknowledgement 6298662 This research was financially supported by Royal Golden Jubilee PhD programme (RGJ) co-funded by the Thailand Research Fund (TRF) and Kasetsart University. Financial 6298661 We thank Dr Andrea Angheben, Centre for Tropical Diseases, and all other clinicians and nurses of the Centre, for having facilitated the coordination of this study with routine clinical practice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298661 We are also thankful to all participants, who volunteered to receive gut ultrasound and to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 6298660 The authors would like to thank the students for taking the time to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 6298660 We would like to thank the devilSPARC research team for their assistance in collecting the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298659 The authors thank Carmen Rams, Ana Díaz, Pilar Navarro and César Avellaneda for their excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298656 The authors would like to thank the research assistants, Jill Burns, Sophie McPhail and Anya Myers for gathering our data and to Correctional Service Canada for coordinating their access to inmates. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298655 We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.jp) for English language editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298654 The authors thank the anonymous reviewers and the Editor for the constructive comments and generous feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298653 The authors acknowledge the staff of the laboratory of Microvet for the supply of the lyophilized samples for the accomplishment of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298653 This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001. Financial 6298653 The authors also acknowledge the financial support from CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brasília, Brazil), FAPEMIG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil). Financial 6298653 Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo Moreira is supported by CNPq. Financial 6298652 This study was supported by the Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University and the Department of Research and Development, Region Västernorrland . Financial 6298651 We thank members of the Gresham, Vogel, and Hochwagen labs for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298651 SFL is supported by National Institute of Standards and Technology. Financial 6298665 The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6298649 TA would like to thank the Hip Research Team, Dr. S. Shimodan, Dr. T. Kato, and Dr. H. Fukaya, for their dedication to patients included in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298645 The VOYAG-R study group: Olivier Bouchaud, Yacine Boussadia, Pauline Campa, Bruno Coignard, Paul-Henri Consigny, Assiya El Mniai, Candice Estellat, Pierre-Marie Girard, Catherine Goujon, Isabelle Hoffmann, Guillaume Le Loup, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Nabila Moussa, Marion Perrier, Gilles Pialoux, Pascal Ralaimazava, Daniel Vittecoq, Ingrid Wieder and Benjamin Wyplosz. General statement 6298644 We gratefully thank Javier Bello Ruiz for technical support, and Nathan Faivre and Roberta Ronchi for scientific discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298643 We are grateful to the participants of GEPEFFA–UNIFIEO, GEPEFAN–UNICAMP, to the technicians of the visual laboratory of UNIFIEO, to Mr. Danilo Curvelo and to Mr. Guilherme Lubcke de Oliveira. General acknowledgement 6298313 We would like to thank all the individuals who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6298313 We would also like to thank Dr. J. Timothy Lightfoot for his contributions to data interpretation and Sunday Simbo, Minye Cho, Aimee Reyes and Ryan Sowinski who assisted with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298312 Editorial support, under the direction of the authors, was provided by Stephanie Agbu, PhD, of CMC AFFINITY, a division of Complete Medical Communications Inc., Hackensack, USA, funded by Eisai Inc., in accordance with Good Publication Practice (GPP3) guidelines. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298212 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Ms Yasuko Asada for her excellent secretarial work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298211 This work benefited from helpful discussions with Noa Noy, PhD (Now Deceased) and Michael Pellizon, PhD, Senior Scientist, Research Diets, Inc. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298211 We appreciate help from the CWRU Clinical Translational Science Collaborative Bioanalytic Core and the CWRU Animal Resource Center. General acknowledgement 6298211 S. B. and H. M. S. contributed equally to all aspects of this research. General statement 6298209 The SALSA study was funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant numbers R01 DK087864 and R01 DK60753) and the National Institute on Aging (grant number R01 AG012975). Financial 6298209 The Niños study was funded by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (grant number P60 MD002249) and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (grant number T32 HD007168). Financial 6298209 Lenny López was funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program and NIDDK 1K23DK098280–01. Financial 6298208 Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (R01DK059853), by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U. S. Department of Agriculture (2011‐67001‐30117), by the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (UL1 TR000127) and by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), UK. Financial 6298208 Food vouchers were provided by unrestricted gifts from ConAgra Foods, Inc. (Omaha, Nebraska, USA) and Nestlé USA (Glendale, California, USA). General statement 6298651 The identification of any specific commercial products is for the purpose of specifying a protocol and does not imply a recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Declaration 6298203 We thank the study participants and their families for making this study possible. General acknowledgement 6298115 We thank Pascal Pfister for collecting X-ray data at beamline P13 operated by European Molecular Biology Laboratory Hamburg at the PETRA III storage ring Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) and on beamline ID30B at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298115 We thank Guillaume Pompidor at DESY for assistance with beamline P13 and Gianluca Santoni at the ESRF for assistance with beamline ID30B. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298115 We also thank Kesava Cherukuri for assistance with LC-MS and chemical synthesis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298115 This study is funded by the Max Planck Society (C. E.-M., C. A. R. C., and A. B.-E.) Financial 6298115 D. L. T. was supported by the Alternative Energy Research Initiative at the Weizmann Institute of Science and a fellowship from the Azrieli Foundation. Financial 6298115 D. S. T. is the Nella and Leo Benoziyo Professor of Biochemistry. General statement 6298109 We thank Haiying Zhang and Yi He for their help with RNAscope ISH experiments; Carlos Mejias-Aponte (Image Core Facility, NIDA IRP) for help in slicing part of the brains; the NIDA breeding staff for breeding the transgenic animals; and Stephanie Gantz, Chloe Jordan, and Wendy Xin (NIDA IRP) for their critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298109 This research was supported by NIDA intramural research programs. Financial 6298106 We thank Åsa-Lena Dackland and Dr. Iyadh Douagi (Karolinska Institutet) and Charles K. L. Lou and Charlene S. F. Foong (Singapore Health Services) for their technical assistance with FACS-sorting experiments; and Dohoon Kim (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research) for assisting in Fluidigm Biomark gene-expression analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298106 The MR1 tetramer technology was developed jointly by Dr. James McCluskey, Dr. Jamie Rossjohn, and Dr. David Fairlie; and the material was produced by the NIH Tetramer Core Facility as permitted to be distributed by the University of Melbourne. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298106 This research was supported by Swedish Research Council Grant 2015-00174; Marie Skłodowska Curie Actions; Cofund; Project INCA 600398; the Jonas Söderquist Foundation for Virology and Immunology; the Erik and Edith Fernström Foundation for Medical Research; the Swedish Society of Medicine (E. L.); and Swedish Research Council Grant 2016-03052, Swedish Cancer Society Grant CAN 2017/777, and National Institutes of Health Grant R01DK108350 (to J. K. S.). Financial 6298106 J. D. was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Doctoral Fellowship SFRH/BD/85290/2012, cofunded by the Programa Operacional Potencial Humano-Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional and the European Social Fund. Financial 6298104 Thank you to the patient and family members who contributed to this study. General acknowledgement 6298104 This work is funded by The Medical Research Council (Award MR/M012212/1), a Kidney Research UK Post-doctoral fellowship (to S. A. R.) (Award PDF_003_20151124), and Northern Counties Kidney Research Fund. Financial 6298104 L. D. is funded by The Medical Research Council Discovery Medicine North Training Partnership. Financial 6298101 We thank Jacob Michael Sobstyl for his help regarding the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298101 This work has been carried out within the framework of the ICoME2 Labex (ANR-11-LABX-0053) and the A*MIDEX/Aix-Marseille University projects (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02) cofounded by the French program “Investissements d’Avenir” managed by the ANR, the French National Research Agency. Financial 6298101 We acknowledge funding from Royal Dutch Shell and Schlumberger through the MIT X-Shale Hub as well as from Total through the MIT/CNRS FASTER-Shale project. Financial 6298101 We also thank Micromeritics Instrument Corp. for the generous gift of the 3Flex adsorption equipment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298098 E. F. was supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research Award FA9550-17-1-0327. Financial 6298096 S. P. is supported by Actions Thématiques Incitatives sur Programmes-Avenir Grant R16069JS, the Programme Emergence(s) de la Ville de Paris, and the Fyssen foundation. Financial 6298096 The Institut d’Etude de la Cognition is supported financially by the LabEx Institut d’Étude de la Cognition (Grant ANR-10-LABX-0087 IEC) and the Initiatives d’Excellence Paris Sciences et Lettres (Grant ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02 PSL*). Financial 6298092 We thank Prof. Douglas Mitchell (University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign) for the gift of B. subtilis 168 and plasmids, Wayne L. Nicholson (University of Florida) for the gift of B. subtilis NHEJ knockout strains, and Marlene Belfort (University of Albany, State University of New York) for the gift of Ll. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298092 LtrB constructs and sequence information. General statement 6298092 This work was supported by the NSF Center for the Physics of Living Cells (Grant PHY 1430124), the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (Award FG-2015-65532), and the Institute for Universal Biology, through partial support by the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) under Cooperative Agreement No. Financial 6298092 NNA13AA91A issued through the Science Mission Directorate. General statement 6298092 G. L. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant DGE-1144245. Financial 6298208 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding bodies. Declaration 6298086 We thank Richard Piacentini and Jennifer Davit of the Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens in Pittsburgh, PA for providing live plant leaf samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298086 C. H., D. Q., and K. J. H. gratefully acknowledge financial support from Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Grant R01HD086325 and from CMU. Financial 6298086 Z. W. acknowledges support from China Scholarship Council – CMU Graduate Fellowship. Financial 6298086 S. S. acknowledges support from Nanyang Technological University Singapore through the Distinguished University Professorship. Financial 6298082 We thank Dr. Yan Xiong (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) for his careful and critical comments on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298082 Fragaria vesca, Yellow Wonder 5AF7 was kindly provided by Dr. J. P. Slovin (US Department of Agriculture). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298082 The work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 31670187 (to C. Y.). Financial 6298080 We thank Gloria Reuteler, Adeline Cottier, and Hélène Moser for their expert technical assistance and all collaborators of the Minkowski section for their invaluable help in recruiting patients. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298080 We thank all patients for their enduring participation. General acknowledgement 6298092 All work was reviewed and approved by the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign Institutional Review Board and Institutional Biosafety Committee. Declaration 6298080 This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant 320030_122419 to P. C. and K. Q. D., Grant 310030_156874 to P. H., and Grant P2LAP3_171804 to L. A.) and the National Center of Competence in Research “SYNAPSY-The Synaptic Bases of Mental Diseases” project financed by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant 51AU40_125759). Financial 6298080 P. S. B. is financially supported by the Leenaards Foundation. Financial 6298080 This study also received support from the Fondation Anita et Werner Damm-Etienne, Banque Lombard Odier & Cie SA, and Alamaya Foundation. Financial 6298076 This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants 21625701 and 21521064; and National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control Grant DQGG0301. Financial 6298076 B. Z., Y. G., and K.-N. General statement 6298076 L. are supported by NSF Grant AGS-1701526. Financial 6298076 K. A. is supported by the project of “Airborne: Pollution, Climate Change, and Visions of Sustainability in China” at the Center for Advanced Studies, Norway. Financial 6298080 Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed at the Centre d’Imagerie BioMédicale of the Université de Lausanne, Université de Genève, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, CHUV, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Leenaards Foundation, and Jeantet Foundation. Declaration 6298069 We thank Shiguo Jia and Sayantan Sarkar for assistance with field sampling. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298003 The authors would like to thank Xin Li for his assist in statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298003 FundingThis study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 81371621) and Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning (20164Y0114). Financial 6298076 Our work is completed on the “Explorer 100” cluster system of Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology. Declaration 6298003 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6297999 Authors’ contributionsFMi, KP, OVW and FMe designed and conceived the research project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 CP generated the RILs population. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 BT performed the screen of the fatty acids content. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 FMi designed and carried out the experiments except for the fatty acids screening. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 FMi performed data analysis and interpreted the results. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 FMi wrote the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 KP and FMe supervised the writing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 J-XF conceived the website. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298003 Availability of data and materialsAll data analyzed during this study were included in this article. Declaration 6297999 The authors thank Samantha Vernhettes (INRA Versailles-Grignon, France) for helpul advices and discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 We thank Jamila Henchi for assistance in soluble mucilage extraction and quantification and all the staff of the BIOPI laboratory (University of Picardie Jules Verne) for their help in harvesting flax seeds in the greenhouse. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Declaration 6297999 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6297999 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and the MuSeeQ source codes and video tutorials are available at . Declaration 6297999 Consent for publicationNot applicable. Declaration 6297999 FundingThis work was performed, in partnership with the SAS PIVERT, within the frame of the French Institute for the Energy Transition (Institut pour la Transition Energétique (ITE) P. I. V. E. R. T. (www.institut-pivert.com) selected as an Investment for the Future (“Investissements d’Avenir”). Financial 6297999 This work was supported, as part of the Investments for the Future, by the French Government under the reference ANR-001. Financial 6297999 FMi, KP, and FMe wish to thank COST action FA1006 Plant Metabolic Engineering for High Value Products (PlantEngine). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 The equipement utilized in this study were co-funded by the Regional Council of Picardie And European Union within CPER 2007–2020. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Declaration 6297987 Authors’ contributionsBDA, TI, RSH: conceived and designed the experiments; BDA, TI, SAM: Performed the experiments; BDA, TI, SAM, RSH: Analyzed the data; BDA, TI, AS, WLB: Contributed key reagents; RSH: Wrote the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297999 Publisher’s NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Declaration 6297987 We thank Christopher Richards, Nadine Shaban, Gabriel Starrett, and Diako Ebrahimi for helpful comments throughout this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297987 R. S. H. is the Margaret Harvey Schering Land Grant Chair for Cancer Research, a Distinguished McKnight University Professor, and an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6297987 Competing interestsRSH is a co-founder, shareholder, and consultant of ApoGen Biotechnologies Inc. General statement 6297987 All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Declaration 6297987 The other authors declare no competing interests. Declaration 6297987 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets and original reagents used and/or analyzed as part of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6297987 Consent for publicationNot applicable. Declaration 6297987 FundingThis work was supported by NIAID R37 AI064046 and NCI R21 CA206309. Financial 6297987 BDA received salary support from NIAID F31 AI116305, and ASM from NSF GRFP 00039202. Financial 6297987 Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Declaration 6297985 Authors' contributionsAll authors contributed in designing and planning of the VOC-SCREEN platform; WJ and SN programmed the control software of the platform; WJ, BN and SN performed the experiments; WJ developed data evaluation routines; WJ, JPS and JBW performed data analysis and wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297987 Publisher’s NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Declaration 6297985 The authors would like to thank the technical staff at the Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Environmental Simulation (EUS), for technical assistance during the setup of and test measurements with the VOC-SCREEN platform, in particular Peter Kary, Alexandros Sigalas and Baris Weber. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297985 Moreover, they acknowledge the work of Ulrich Junghans, who cultivated the barley varieties for the different experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297985 All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Declaration 6297985 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6297985 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6297985 Consent for publicationNot applicable. Declaration 6297985 FundingThe development and setup of the VOC phenotyping platform within the German Plant Phenotyping Network (Deutsches Pflanzen Phänotypisierungsnetzwerk, DPPN) was funded by the Federal Ministry for Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF, Förderkennzeichen 031A053A/B/C). Financial 6297985 Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Declaration 6297969 Authors’ contributionsSG designed the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297969 LAŁ designed the Cas9 gene. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297969 SG, MK, MP performed the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297969 SG, LAŁ, WO, AN-O analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297985 Publisher’s NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Declaration 6297969 This work was supported by the National Research Centre of Poland, grant no. Financial 6297969 All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Declaration 6297969 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6297969 Availability of data and materialsAll data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files). Declaration 6297969 Consent for publicationNot applicable. Declaration 6297969 FundingThis research was financed by the National Research Centre of Poland, Grant No. Financial 6297969 Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Declaration 6297969 Publisher’s NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Declaration 6297957 Not applicable. Declaration 6297957 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6297954 Not applicable. Declaration 6297954 FundingNot applicable. Declaration 6297954 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets generated during the current study are available on the following website: http://seer.cancer.gov/seerstat/. Declaration 6297954 The corresponding author would provide the raw files analyzed via e-mail on reasonable request. Declaration 6297947 FundingThis work was funded in part by Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Ames, Iowa 50011). Financial 6297947 Not applicable. Declaration 6297944 Authors’ contributionsConceptualization, LZ and RL; Data curation, LZ; Formal analysis, LZ and QZ; Funding acquisition, LZ and RL; Investigation, LZ, YL; Methodology, LZ; Resources, RL, HZ, YJ; Supervision, RL; Writing—original draft, LZ; Writing—review & editing, LZ and RL. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297947 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6297944 We thank Emma Tacken, PhD, from Liwen Bianji, Edanz Group China (www.liwenbianji.cn/ac), for editing the English text of a draft of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297944 All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Declaration 6297944 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6297944 Availability of data and materialsThe data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files. Declaration 6297944 Consent for publicationNot applicable. Declaration 6297944 FundingThis work was funded by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2017M620 676), Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation (Agreement No. 2018-ZZ-065), Special Program for Innovation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (Grant No. Financial 6297944 Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Declaration 6297890 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Brian Thiede, PhD for his advice and suggestions regarding model design and data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297944 Publisher’s NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Declaration 6297859 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Sumedha Sinha for assistance in preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296814 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by a grant from the Korean Mental Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HM14C-2166). Financial 6296812 AcknowledgmentsThis paper was supported (in part) by Research Funds of Kwangju Women’s University in 2018 (KWUI18-035). Financial 6296808 AcknowledgmentsThe authors extend sincere thanks to the participants for their willingness to participate in this study, and to Ministry of Health Palestine for the fieldwork permission. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296808 Also, the authors thank the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at Universiti Putra Malaysia for the use of library. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296807 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2017R1A2B2002169 and NRF2017R1D1A1B03030157). Financial 6296806 AcknowledgmentsThe authors of this article are grateful to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences for their financial support in conducting research. Financial 6296803 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by Research Funds of Kwangju Women’s University (KWUI18-012) and by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2017R1A2B2001963, NRF-2016R1A6A3A11932323). Financial 6296744 We would like to thank Dr. Shoji Miyagawa from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, the prefectural government officials from Ibaraki, Tokushima and Miyazaki Prefectures and Dr. Satoshi Inoue from the National Institute of Infectious Disease for providing valuable information and comments to this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296741 We thank Hironobu Fukuda for support in the animal experiments, and Ms. Ikuko Yamamoto in the Laboratory Animals Management Center of Tsurumi University for the care and breeding of mice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296740 We thank Dr. Gayane Yenokyan for statistical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296739 We thank Claudia Funi, Henrique SR Gomes, Isai J Castro, Romina S Batista and Emmanuel Douzery for the support during the preparation of this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296739 Chrysoula Gubili for review and comments on the initial manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296739 Marcio W. Neri and Sergio Cunha helped us with the figures edition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296739 We are very grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their much useful contributions to this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296738 This work was funded by the Scottish Government Rural Affairs, Food and Environment Strategic Research Programme 2016–2021, Work Package 2.4: “Rural Industries”. Financial 6296737 This research study was funded by USAID through partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research (PEER) Health, icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of USAID and PEER Health to its research efforts. Financial 6296737 icddr,b is also grateful to the Governments of Bangladesh, Canada, Sweden and the UK for providing core/unrestricted support. General acknowledgement 6296736 We thank Professors Harunori Ohmori and Dai Watanabe (Kyoto University) for valuable discussions and technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296734 We acknowledge the contribution of Ibai Irastorza-Azcárate and Damien P. Devos for the development of the algorithm for detection of the CbrB-binding sites, and to Antonio Leal and F. Govantes for sharing unpublished results. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296734 We are grateful to all members of the Microbiology laboratory for their insights and helpful suggestions, and Guadalupe Martín Cabello for technical help. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296734 This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry y Competitivity grant BIO2014-57545-R. Financial 6296711 The authors appreciate the cooperation of the patients in the current work. General acknowledgement 6296710 We are grateful to Ms. Sachiko Yasui for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296710 This work was partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP16K20066 to H. T. Financial 6296709 We are thankful for Bimal R. Shrestha and Biraj Chaudhary for helping us during the field surveys and the POPEKOL discussion group and for three anonymous reviewers for their useful comments on the previous version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296708 The authors would like to acknowledge Truven Health Analytics for licensing this article’s use of their MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296675 The authors would like to acknowledge Mr. Akter Hussain for the help with segmentation of EM images, and Melbourne Bioinformatics for the support in executing the simulations in IBM iDataplex x86 system. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296674 We are grateful to Drs. Pratap Singhasivanon, Pongrama Ramasoota, and Yaowalark Sukthana (Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand), Naokazu Takeda (RCC-ERI, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan), and Supranee Phanthanawiboon (Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand) for their continuing support and encouragement, and to Katleen Vereecken (Virology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium) for technical assistance with virus preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296674 We also thank Drs. Saengduan Moonsom, Aulia Rahmi Pawestri, and Akanitt Jittmittraphap (Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand) for technical support and for providing equipment for use in the indirect immunofluorescence experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296671 We acknowledge Department of Biotechnology, Government of India and Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for funding the study. Financial 6296668 This work is based upon research supported by the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation and the South African Medical Research Council with funds received from the South African Department of Science and Technology. Financial 6296667 The authors would like to thank Anne-Christine Carlsson, Bengt Kull and Gun-Britt Forsberg for excellent work on the exploratory biomarkers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296664 We want to thank the Florida Department of Health HIV/AIDS Section for collaborating on this project and Debra McDonald for providing editorial support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296663 I thank Mostafa Aakhte for contributing the graphics for Fig 1 and Dr. Katja Kapp for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296661 N. B. B. would like to acknowledge USDA NIFA-2018-67030-27352 and the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, and A. K. S. acknowledges the Lyle and Sharon Bighley Chair of Pharmaceutical Sciences for funding. Financial 6296660 We are very thankful to Françoise Raynaud, Dolorès Jouy, Emmanuel Comoy, Jérome Delmotte, Elodie Sanfins and Laure Caruana in our laboratory, Ouerdia Arkoun (Sup’Biotech) for the statistical analysis support provided, and Charlotte Leuxe (CEA) for the contribution to the MSD analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296660 This work was supported by the French national PIA2 program under contract No. Financial 6296658 The authors would like to thank Hugo Morais for his assistance and for providing optimal rearing conditions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296657 Thank you also to contributing GUMCAD and laboratory staff at Public Health England, namely John Were, Martha Valencia, Dr Hamish Mohammed, Holly Mitchell, Francesco Tripodo, Hemanti Patel, Rachel Pitt, Dr Sarah Alexander, and Dr Aura Andreason. General acknowledgement 6296657 The authors acknowledge the Steering Committee members of the National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections: Caroline Sabin, Anthony Nardone, Catherine Mercer, Gwenda Hughes, Greta Rait, Jackie Cassell, William Rosenberg, Tim Rhodes, Kholoud Porter, and Samreen Ijaz. General acknowledgement 6296657 Finally, we are grateful to the NIHR BRC at Imperial Healthcare Trust for its support of this study. General acknowledgement 6296656 We would like to thank Drs. J. W. Schoones, information specialist and collection advisor of the Warlaeus Library of Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), for assisting in the searches. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296654 We wish to thank all the research assistants for their help with the data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296561 The authors would like to thank Brenda Eskenazi, Kim Harley, and Robert Gunier for access and insight into the CHAMACOS data set. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296560 We are grateful to all of those who were enrolled this study and provided their samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296559 We thank Robert G. Smith for the morphometry data and useful hints concerning bipolar cells. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296558 HELIUS and RODAM: We are most grateful to the participants of the HELIUS study. General acknowledgement 6296558 The authors would also like to thank the management team, research nurses, interviewers, research assistants, laboratory assistants and other staff who have taken part in gathering and analysing the data of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296558 The authors also thank the AMC Biobank for their support in biobank management and high-quality storage of collected samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296558 The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Charles Agyemang who designed the RODAM study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296558 Vegetarian study population: We thank all the participants, research nurses and laboratory technicians, specifically Fred Zethof, for their contribution to this study. General acknowledgement 6296558 Amsterdam Cohort Study: We thank the participants, and the research nurses Marc van Wijk, Marjolein Martens, Wendy van der Veldt, Maja Totté and Laura del Grande for data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296557 We thank Bruce Bean and Leslie Satin for helpful discussions about action potential activity. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296557 We thank Mandy Roberts-Crowley and Tora Mitra-Ganguli for reading earlier versions of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296556 The samples and data were collected by the R. V. Kexue and provided by the WPOS sample center. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296556 We thank Anna Kintner for linguistic editing during the preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6297890 Funding statementThis study did not receive financial support. Declaration 6296555 Academic support was provided by Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. Financial 6296555 We would like to thank all the participants of this research study. General acknowledgement 6296555 We also thank Ms Susie Crossman for her support in the formatting and submission of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296555 The study was managed by the Research for Equity and Community Health Trust. Declaration 6296554 We thank the NSOAS and CNES for providing the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296553 The authors wish to thank all staff for professional scientific edition service. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296553 Zhi Gang Hu especially wishes to thanks his wife(Xiaoqiao Hu) and his son(Yanzhi Hu), who have given their powerful spiritual support over the past one year. General acknowledgement 6296552 This work was supported by grant No. 09-2014-003 from the SNUBH Research Fund. Financial 6296554 HY-2A radar altimeter data are available from the National Satellite Ocean Application Service of China (NSOAS), and the Jason series radar altimeter data are available from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Declaration 6296552 Gemcitabine for in vitro experiments was a gift from Lilly Korea (Seoul, Korea). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296552 The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6296551 We would like to thank Central Laboratory of Peking University Third Hospital for the technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296551 We appreciate the assistance of Beijing Novogene Bioinformatics Technology Co., Ltd for RNA-sequencing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296551 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grantnumbers: 81772381and81700779) and Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission (Grant number: Z181100001818006). Financial 6296549 We acknowledge and thank Takayuki Watanabe, Hinako Suga, and Meiko Tadokoro for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296548 The authors would like to thank Tahar van der Straaten for his work on the DNA analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296547 We thank the Nephrology staff of the Ana Nery, General Roberto Santos hospitals and the Institute of Nephrology and Dialysis for their support during sample and data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296547 We also would like to thank Andris K. Walter for his assistance with linguistic review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296546 Mr. Naveed Ahmad is very grateful to National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP) Islamabad for providing the necessary research facilities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296539 Nia Roberts, at the Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford, contributed substantially to our search strategy. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296538 The authors wish to thank Lauren Dalecky for the English editing and revision of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296536 The authors gratefully acknowledge Matthew P. Reynolds, CIMMYT, Mexico, for providing WAMI population and the open access molecular data used in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296535 The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided the National Department of Health (especially Dr. Yogan Pillay, Mr. Collen Bonnecwe, and Mr. Nqeketo Ayanda) and PEPFAR (Alfred Bere CDC/South Africa). Financial 6296535 The support and cooperation of all general practitioners approached and the Southern African Clothing and Textile Workers’ Union (SACTWU) in KwaZulu-Natal were instrumental in gathering private sector data for this costing study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296535 We would also like to thank Peter Stegman for his suggested edits; Siraaj Adams (Metropolitan Health Risk Management) and Dr S. Maphisa for initial discussions in 2014 on the private sector medical male circumcision activities in South Africa. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296534 The authors gratefully acknowledge the statistical support of the Medical Research Collaborating Center of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and the statistical advice of Prof. So-Yeon Ahn. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296533 We wish to thank the members of the Division for Personality, Social, and Developmental Psychology at Stockholm University for their input in discussions related to this research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296530 The authors would like to acknowledge all the laboratories and regional screening organizations in Sweden for their collaboration and submission of data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296530 We thank the late Peter Olausson, system developer, for his major contribution with data handling. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296530 The submitted work was financed by the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SKL) and the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF). Financial 6296552 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6296528 We appreciate EBS, NEX Group plc. for their provision of the EBS data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296528 This paper benefited from suggestions of C. Osler, J. Ozaki, K. Tamura, M. Yamada, and T. Ito. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296528 This study is partially supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (Grant Number 26310207), JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Numbers 17J10781 and 16K16016), and JST, Strategic International Collaborative Research Program (SICORP) on the topic of ICT for a Resilient Society” by Japan and Israel. Financial 6296526 The authors would like to thank Tim Smith and the Core Sequencing facility staff and Chad Engle and the Cattle Operations staff at the US Meat Animal Research Center for sequencing advice and services, and assistance collecting ocular samples from non-IBK cattle respectively. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296526 Additionally, they would like to thank student assistants Kara Robbins, Brandon Stewart, Joshua Payne and Austin Pierce. General acknowledgement 6296526 Lastly, they would like to thank Marijana Bradaric, Laura Leger, Jamie Bauman, Matt Quinn, Debra Royal and the UNL Veterinary Diagnostic Center Staff. General acknowledgement 6296530 The funding agencies had no role in the design, execution or interpretation of the study or in the decision to submit it for publication. Declaration 6296526 The use of product and company names is necessary to accurately report the methods and results; however, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the products, and the use of names by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. Declaration 6296524 We thank Josh Powell for his assistance with sample preparation, Jennifer Arce and Charlie Doll for assistance with LC-MS/MS operation, and Andy Lin for assistance with the custom R script. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296524 PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO. General statement 6296522 We thank the schoolchildren, their families and schoolteachers for their participation, as well as the education administrative personnel and research staff for their support and efforts during the study. General acknowledgement 6296522 Our sincere thanks to Claire Gudex for valuable commenting on the manuscript, to Niels Wedderkopp and to Karsten Froberg for continuous support, to Jan Brønd for help regarding accelerometer data, and to Charlotte Dickmeiss and Birgitte Laursen for secretarial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296521 We thank Dr. Lawrence Humphreys for his help with the English revision. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296520 With the kind support of AIRES (Associazione Italiana Ricerca Esofago). General acknowledgement 6296518 This work was financially supported by the “Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University” from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education(MOE) in Taiwan (CMU107-CR-02) (CMRC-CHM-5) and the National Science Council, Taiwan (NSC 98-2320-B-039–012 -MY3). Financial 6296517 Dr. Jon C Rittenberger is acknowledged for proof-reading the manuscript prior to submission. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296515 We want to thank Evan Paankuk for helping us analyze the lipidomics data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296515 This work was supported by a TL-1 Fellowship from the Georgetown University CTSA (SM), DOD grant W81XWH-12-1-0424 to SB and DK, a Medical graduate student organization (MCGSO) mini grant (SM) and by Shared Resources of the Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center (P30-CA051008). Financial 6296513 We thank the Northeastern States Research Cooperative for funding for the project. Financial 6296513 The project also received logistical support from the University of Vermont and U. S. Geological Survey Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296513 We are grateful to R. Mickey, S. Merrill, C. Hansen, and M. Brown for technical assistance, and the University of Vermont Print & Mail Center and Center for Rural Studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296513 C. Bernier of the Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife also provided expert opinion on species occurrence. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296526 The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Declaration 6296513 The Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by the U. S. Geological Survey, University of Vermont, Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife, and Wildlife Management Institute. Financial 6296512 This research was funded by a grant from NIEHS to FvS and SCN (ES021394). Financial 6296508 Research in the senior author’s laboratory is supported by a core support grant from the Wellcome Trust and MRC to the Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute. Financial 6296508 MRNK is supported by a NIHR Clinician Scientist Award. Financial 6296508 Disclaimer: This report is independent research arising from a Clinician Scientist Award, CS-2015-15-023, supported by the National Institute for Health Research. Financial 6296513 Use of trade names or products does not constitute endorsement by the U. S. Government. Declaration 6296506 The authors thank Drs. Susan Wente (Vanderbilt University) and Anita Corbett (Emory University) for yeast strains and Dr. Graeme Conn for a critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296506 We thank Laura Fox-Goharioon for assistance with microscopy. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296505 We thank Silvia Gogg for generously supplying us with HUVEC cells and sharing her experience with us. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296505 Furthermore, we want to thank Vijay Kumar Kuna for kindly sharing his expertise with certain experimental protocols. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296505 Also, we would like to thank Joakim Håkansson for his kind help in obtaining porcine tissue. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296505 This project was supported by the City of Vienna Competence Team Project Signaltissue (MA23-#18-08). Financial 6296504 We thank all the participants in this study. General acknowledgement 6296504 We would like to express our gratefulness to the staff of BioBank Japan, Tohoku Medical Megabank, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank, J-MICC and JPHC for their outstanding assistance. General acknowledgement 6296504 We also thank Akane Sei and Satoyo Oda for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296502 We would like to thank Drs. Eri Umeda and Shizu Kouraba for their assistance and the staff of Institute for Experimental Animals at Kanazawa University for their technical assistance when performing our studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296333 We are grateful to Dr. Anna Wysocka (University of Gdansk, Poland) for providing the Heterocypris incongruens sample from Italy. General acknowledgement 6296332 We thank Gyula Ölveczki, Janka Pénzes and Anna Anita Rácz for excellent help in the fieldwork and the experiment. General acknowledgement 6296332 Scott MacDougall-Shackleton and an anonymous reviewer provided constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296332 We are grateful for the Hortobágy National Park to make the work possible. General acknowledgement 6296329 We thank Luis Chiappe and Maureen Walsh for access to the specimen and information on its history and Stephanie Abramowicz for access to archival photographs of the specimen. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296329 We would like to thank Steffi Klug for assistance on identification of the shark tooth, Dana Ehret and Chris Bennett for discussions on the composite mount, bite marks on Pteranodon bones and providing key literature. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296329 Dana Ehret and Chris Bennett are further thanked for their reviews of this paper, and Mark Young is thanked for his handling of the manuscript; all three helped improve this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296289 The study was supported financially by the Danish Foundation TrygFonden, Denmark (ID: 7.12.0836), the Health Science Research Foundation of the CDR, Denmark, The Health Foundation, Denmark, (ID: 20128125), The Research Centre for Cancer Diagnosis in Primary Care, Aarhus University, Denmark, and the Department of Public Health Programs, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark. Financial 6296508 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health. Declaration 6296289 We acknowledge employees at the Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark, including Statistician PhD Alina Zalounina Falborg, Data manager, Kaare Rud Flarup and IT specialist Hanne Beyer, and Language Editor Lone Niedziella for translation guidance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296289 Furthermore, we would like to acknowledge the employees at the Department of Pathology, Department of Public Health Programs, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark, for invaluable feedback on the algorithm and for distribution of postal notifications. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296289 The opinions, results and conclusions reported in this article are those of the authors and are independent from the funding sources. Declaration 6296289 Funding sourcesThis study received no specific grants from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Declaration 6296194 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the authors of the original ARMS questionnaire and all the patients who agreed to participate in our study. General acknowledgement 6296289 Conflicts of interestNone. Declaration 6296184 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank all the young people who agreed to participate in this research, as well as the institutional partners and health professionals for their collaboration. General acknowledgement 6296153 We are grateful to Fulgence Da for mosquito rearing, to Hervé Janvier Tapsoba for his help with the experiments and to the team of the Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l’élevage en zone sub-humide Bobo-Dioulasso (CIRDES) for assistance and providing access to an irradiator. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296153 We would also like to thank Andrea Yockey-Dejean for proofreading the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296153 FundingFinancial support for this study was provided by a grant from the IAEA to RKD (RFQ23855). Financial 6296194 This study was performed within a project of Wrocław Medical University: ST. E020.17.050. Declaration 6296153 The funder had no role in study design, data collection or analysis, preparation of the manuscript or the decision to publish it. Declaration 6296153 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included in the article and its additional files. Declaration 6296151 We thank all the staff of Institut Pasteur du Laos and the Ministry of Health of Lao PDR for their support throughout the study. General acknowledgement 6296151 This project would not have been possible without the hospitality of the residents of Thinkeo and Silalek villages. General acknowledgement 6296151 FundingThis work was supported by the YERSIN project funded by the Michelin Corporate Foundation and by the Agence Française de Développement; Grant number CZZ 1809 AA. Financial 6296153 The raw datasets are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Declaration 6296151 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6296151 Availability of data and materialsThe data supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article and its additional files. Declaration 6296151 The datasets used and/or analysed during the present study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Declaration 6296126 The authors would like to thank Isfahan and Tabriz University of Medical Sciences for supporting this research. General acknowledgement 6296126 FundingThis research protocol was supported by the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (Grant no. 395897). Financial 6296126 This paper was extracted from a reproductive health PhD thesis. Declaration 6296126 Availability of data and materialsData sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study. Declaration 6296125 FundingThis work was funded by the National Children’s Research Centre in Ireland. Financial 6296125 Not applicable. Declaration 6296125 The sponsor had no role in study design, data interpretation or analysis. Declaration 6296108 This research was funded by the Kellogg Institute of International Studies, Keough School of Global Affairs. Financial 6296108 The authors would like to thank the women of Dandora community who participated in this study by providing information on their mistreatment experiences as well as the healthcare workers at the different health facilities we visited in Nairobi, without you this study would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 6296108 We would also like to thank Bro Andre Medical Centre staff and the Parish priest of Dandora Holy Cross Parish Fr Alex Okidi (CSC) for allowing us to interview women within your premises and healthcare workers stationed at your health facility. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296108 Great thanks to Dr. Anne Ndungu, Sandra Masira and Christine Achieng who all facilitated the contacts and participated in data collection within Dandora. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296108 The researchers would also like to thank Fr. General acknowledgement 6296108 FundingThe funding for the research was provided by the Kellogg Institute of International Affairs through a Faculty grant. Financial 6296125 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6296108 The funding body had no role in influencing design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data as well as in writing the manuscript. Declaration 6296108 Availability of data and materialsThe qualitative data used to prepare this manuscript can be provided upon request. Declaration 6296108 Individual dataThe manuscript submitted does not contain any individual data for any of the respondents interviewed. Declaration 6296081 We acknowledge National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Key Research and Development Plan of China. General acknowledgement 6296081 We acknowledge the National Key R&D Program of China grant and the National Science and Technology Major Project. General acknowledgement 6296081 FundingThis study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China grant (no. 2017YFA0105702) and the National Science and Technology Major Project (2017ZX09304023). Financial 6296108 To enhance confidentiality any names provided in transcripts were redacted for the protection of the individual identities. Declaration 6296072 The authors are thankful for the institutional support provided by the Municipal Department of Health of Tauá, 14th Regional Coordinating Office of Health of Tauá, in Ceará State, and Vector Control Center of the Health Department of Ceará State. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296072 The authors would also like to thank the Program for Technological Development in Tools for Health-PDTIS/FIOCRUZ for making their facilities available for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296081 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6296069 The authors are grateful to the veterinarians and staff of participating veterinary clinics and hospital and to the volunteers of the Los Baños municipal dog pound. General acknowledgement 6296069 The authors also thank Fernando P. Micosa for preparing the map. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296069 FundingThis study is supported by the University of the Philippines Balik PhD grant and the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (15H05264). Financial 6296072 Availability of data and materialsThe data generated or analyzed in this study are included in this article and its additional files. Declaration 6296069 The funding bodies have no role in the design and conduct of the study. Declaration 6296048 We thank Bengt Larsen for photographing the Gambia whale; Tom Arnbom for presenting the occurrence of the Gambia Caperea to JGM; National Museum of New Zealand for allowing dissection of the stillborn Caperea led by Ewan Fordyce; Moyna Müller for the Caperea illustration shown in Fig. 2; Ewan Fordyce for encouraging and discussing this study; the editors Shigeru Kuratani and Hiroshi Kajihara for helpful guidance; Olivier Lambert and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296048 FundingCHT was financially supported by a Startup Fund at the National Taiwan University. Financial 6296069 Availability of data and materialsThe data supporting the conclusions in this study are included in the article. Declaration 6296043 The authors wish to acknowledge the entire Iranian infertile couples study team for their contributions to data collection and general study operation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296043 We would also acknowledge the collaboration of the following department within Royan Institute: the department of Endocrinology & Female Infertility, the department of Andrology, the department of Embryology and the department of Reproductive Imaging. General acknowledgement 6296048 Availability of data and materialsThe correspondence between Tom Arnbom and JGM in 1995 indicating that the whale was found on the beach of Gambia, Africa, can be found in the Supporting Information. Declaration 6296043 FundingThe authors have no support of funding to report. Declaration 6296043 Availability of data and materialsStudy data will be made available at completion of the study. Declaration 6296041 FundingThe development of this article was supported in part by research grant 1 K01 TW008763–01A1 from Fogarty International, National Institutes of Health (Dr. Jody R. Lori, PI). Financial 6296041 None applicable. Declaration 6296035 The authors would like to thank Nicole Sittig for the mosquito sampling in the cemeteries of Wiesbaden and all other KABS co-workers for doing the same in their area of responsibility. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296035 We would also like to thank Thomas Weitzel and Noëlle Fynmore for their thorough and critical review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296035 Thanks are also due to Isra Deblauwe for providing larvae of Ae. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296035 koreicus for purposes of comparison. General statement 6296041 Availability of data and materialsThe anonymized dataset used and analyzed for the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6296020 The authors thank Dr. Kenneth Raj, Public Health England, Didcot, UK, for enlightening discussions on the epigenetic clock and Yuri Deigin, CEO, Youthereum Genetics, Canada, for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296020 The authors are indebted to Mr. Mario R. Ramos for the design of the figures and to Ms. Yolanda E. Sosa for the editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296020 RGG, CBH, and OAB are Argentine National Research Council (CONICET) researchers. General statement 6296020 ML, PC, and MCM are CONICET doctoral fellows. General statement 6296020 FundingThe work from our laboratory is supported in part by grant PICT15-0817 from the National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology and from research grant MRCF 10-10-17 from the Medical Research Charitable Foundation and the Society for Experimental Gerontological Research, New Zealand, to RGG. Financial 6296035 The sequence was submitted to the GenBank database under the accession number MK069483. Declaration 6295785 The authors thank all investigators and patients that participated in the DEVENIR study. General acknowledgement 6295785 We recognize the important contributions of Jean-Louis Davin and Jean-Pierre Mignard to this study. General acknowledgement 6295785 We acknowledge the editorial assistance provided by Jenny Charlton of ESP Bioscience Ltd. (Crowthorne, UK), funded by Ipsen Pharma, France, during the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6296020 Availability of data and materialsThe information reviewed here are public domain. Declaration 6295709 Eur J Heart Fail 2018; 20(Suppl. General statement 6295709 S1): 203, 866; https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.1197. General statement 6295709 Juan C. Grignola is a researcher of PEDECIBA (Programa para el Desarrollo de las Ciencias Básicas) and of SNI-ANII (Sistema Nacional de Investigadores-Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación). General statement 6295694 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Province Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research for its support for this study. General acknowledgement 6295692 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank all patients who participated in the present study. General acknowledgement 6295691 The authors would like to express their gratitude to Burns Camps UK for supporting this research and to the families who participated in the evaluation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295685 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Professor Mark Nowel (OP, PhD, Dean of Uncergraduate & Graduate Stuies, Providence College, Rhode Island, US) and Professor Juejin Wang (MD, PhD, Department of Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China) for the linguistic assistance during the preparation of this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295685 The authors also thank Professor Jun Li (MD, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China) for the statistical analysis assistance in this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295709 AcknowledgmentsThe preliminary data of this study were presented in part in the European Society of Cardiology Congress of Heart Failure and World Congress on Acute Heart Failure Vienna, Austria. Presentation 6295651 AcknowledgmentsWe thank How Hwee Ong, Robb Willer, and Shuai Yuan for their comments on an earlier draft of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295651 Further, we thank all research assistants involved for their support. General acknowledgement 6295462 We thank Urs Ernst, Kaspar Landolt, Jorma Juhani Schäublin, Kumar Rishabh, as well as the two referees and the editor for remarks that helped us improve the exposition, and Marina Misev for excellent research assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295677 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 6295462 FundingThis research was not supported by external funding. Declaration 6295329 We would like to thank Nakhon Ratchasima Zoo and the Conservation Research and Education Division, Zoological Park Organization, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand for sample collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295328 We thank Mr. Arsenio Villeda and other landowners for allowing us to work on their properties. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295328 We are grateful to Fernando Escobar for his help with the taxonomic identification of some of the beetles. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295327 We would like to thank growers for their help in the collection of samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295326 The authors would like to thank all families who voluntarily participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6295462 Availability of data and materialsThe data are available upon request from the corresponding author. Declaration 6295159 We also thank internal reviewers for their comments on the draft manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295114 We would like to acknowledge Ashley Valle Arevalo, a student research assistant at the University of California Merced, who assisted with the molecular work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295114 Roberto Guillen Paredes and the Center for Health Research (CENSALUD) at the University of El Salvador contributed equipment, and Eduardo Romero Chevez at the Ministry of Health Vector Control El Salvador for mosquito collections. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295114 FundingThe project was supported by the University of California Merced, which contributed to the cost of research supplies and supporting undergraduate student assistants. Financial 6295159 This work was conducted as part of Plant & Food Research’s Discovery Science initiatives. Declaration 6295114 Availability of data and materialsThe data supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article and its additional files. Declaration 6295112 The authors thank Ricardo Gutierrez for fruitful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295112 Ian Beveridge, Amer Alic, Adnan Hodzic, Carlos Martínez-Carrasco and Gloria Sanchis-Monsonis for providing the specimens from Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Spain. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295112 FundingThe study was funded by GB’s lab internal funds and a partial stipend granted to AR by the University of Costa Rica. Financial 6295114 The datasets used and analyzed during the present study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Declaration 6295112 Availability of data and materialsThe data supporting the conclusions of this article are provided within the article and its additional files. Declaration 6295112 The original datasets are available upon request to the corresponding author. Declaration 6295112 The generated sequences of S. lupi were deposited in the GenBank database under the accession numbers MH628159 (18S), MH630178-MH630235 (ITS1) and MH633995-MH634013 (cox1). Declaration 6295103 Authors’ contributionsMM, AK, NK and FV were involved in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295103 AV, MC and FV designed this analysis, AV, MC and PZ analyzed and interpreted the patient data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295103 AV and MM wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295103 All co-authors contributed to the final manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295112 The generated sequences of S. vulpis were deposited in the GenBank database under the accession numbers MH630236-MH630246 (ITS1), and MH633991-MH633994 and MH634014-MH634016 (cox1). Declaration 6295103 All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Declaration 6295103 Not applicable. Declaration 6295103 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6295103 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6295103 Consent for publicationNot applicable. Declaration 6295103 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Human Ethics Research Committee of the University of the Witwatersrand, ethics clearance number 111112, the Research and Ethics Committee of the Joint Clinical Research Centre, Uganda, clearance number HS 1219, and the IRB & Ethics Research Committee of YRGCARE. Declaration 6295103 FundingBill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Financial 6295103 All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation. Declaration 6295103 The foundation was in not involved in the design of this secondary analysis, interpretation of the data nor in writing the manuscript. Declaration 6295077 We thanked all subjects who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6295077 FundingThis study was supported by research grant 81570043 and 81270107 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Financial 6295077 Nature Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province in China (grant number Y19H010026 and LQ18H010001) and Medical Science and Technology Foundation of Zhejiang Province (grant number 2017KY415) also provided support. Financial 6295103 Publisher’s NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Declaration 6295066 The authors are grateful to Ms María Sánchez Blázquez, from the Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez, Madrid, Spain, for her technical support, and Professor Gonzalo Suárez from the Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay for his help and support in the data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295066 We are also grateful to Professor John P. Dalton, from the School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast for providing the FhCL1 for the ELISA analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295066 FundingThis study was funded by the European Union Grant H2020-635408-PARAGONE and by National Grant AGL2015-67023-C2-1-R. Financial 6295066 RPC was supported by an FPU grant of the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport. Financial 6295077 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6295066 Funding bodies were neither involved in the design of the study nor in analysis and interpretation of the data. Declaration 6295066 Availability of data and materialsData supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article. Declaration 6295055 We give very special thanks to every team member to conduct this experiment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295055 FundingFunding for this study was provided by The Experimental Teaching Center, Chongqing Medical University (Grant Number 201509), but they had no role in the study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, writing the manuscript, or the decision to submit the paper for publication. Financial 6295066 Raw data are available from the corresponding author upon request. Declaration 6295026 We would like to acknowledge the technicians of Mundo Sano’s office in Añatuya for collaborating in the logistics and data collection, as well as all the participants that gave us their time and samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295026 We would also like to thank Manuel Espinosa and Julia Hermida for their support and Laboratorio ELEA-Phoenix for donating albendazole and ivermectin. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295026 FundingThis study was funded by Fundación Mundo Sano. Financial 6295055 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6295026 Availability of data and materialsData supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article. Declaration 6295016 The authors would like to thank the following colleagues and parents for their help with designing the survey: Suzanne Li M. D., Ron Laxer M. D., Fatma Dedeoglu M. D., Polly Ferguson M. D., Sheetal Vora M. D., Kelly Rouster-Stevens M. D., Christian Hedrich M. D., Ph. D., Adam Rudolph, Jennifer March and Helen Marshall. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295016 They appreciate the many families and patients for participating in this survey. General acknowledgement 6295026 The datasets generated and/or analysed during the present study are not publicly available due to individual privacy issues but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Declaration 6295016 Proposals can be directed to msoliver@iu.edu. General statement 6295016 Availability of data and materialsAll deidentified participant data (including data dictionaries) can be shared upon request beginning 3 months and ending 5 years following article publication. Declaration 6295005 NoneFundingThis research was supported by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant no. Financial 6295016 To gain access, data requestors will need to sign a data access agreement. Declaration 6294963 We thank Dr. I. V. Zvyagin for his help in finding appropriate donors for this study and Drs. L. V. Gmyl and M. F. Vorovitch for YFV 17D purification. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294963 TCRβ libraries sequencing, raw sequencing data processing, and reconstruction of TCRβ repertoires were supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant 15-15-00178. Financial 6294963 M. V. P. and E. S. E. are supported by Skoltech Systems biology fellowships. Financial 6294963 This work was partially supported by European Research Council Consolidator Grant 724208. Financial 6294961 We thank Mark Ebrahim and Johanna Sotiris of The Evelyn Gruss Lipper Cryo-Electron Microscopy Resource Center at The Rockefeller University for assistance in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294961 This work was supported by Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics (to J. C.) and the Charles H. Revson Senior Fellowship in Biomedical Science (to Z. Z.). Financial 6294961 J. C. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. General statement 6294960 We are grateful to Dr. Annette Allen for thorough revision and discussions during the preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294960 This work was supported by Medical Research Council Grant MR/N012992/1 (to R. J. L.), European Research Council Grant 268970 (to R. J. L.), and National Centre for Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) Grant NC/P001505/1 (to R. S.). Financial 6294949 We thank Laurie Kramer (Yale University) and Barbara Siconolfi (Yale University) for technical support; and Albert Shaw (Yale University) and Ruth Montgomery (Yale University) for help with sample acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294949 This work was supported in part by grants provided by AbbVie (to A. I.); a Translation Accelerator grant from the Brigham and Women’s Hospital (to A. I.); Roslyn and Jerome Meyer Pilot Awards for Research in Melanoma and Immuno-Oncology (to A. I.); and NIH Awards T32 AI89704-3 (to M. T.) and 2R56AG028069-06A1 (to I. K.). Financial 6294949 A. I. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6294944 The authors thank Bradley Bernstein and Suhas Rao, respectively, for ChiP-seq and Hi-C data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294944 The authors thank Johannes Nübler for his valuable feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294944 Financial support for this work is provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF), Physics of Living Systems Program (PHY-1707751). Financial 6294944 Q. M. and B. B. acknowledge funding support from the NSF Graduate Fellowship program (DGE-1656518). Financial 6294944 B. B. acknowledges support from NIH Training Grant T32GM008294. Financial 6294938 We thank Dusko Trajkovic for assistance with histology and Hiroshi Koyama for discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6295005 Availability of data and materialsAll data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article. Declaration 6294938 Research was supported by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development under Grant JP18gm5810027, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-Up under Grant 17H07332, grants-in-aid from the Mochida Research Foundation and from Center for Novel Science Initiatives (to K. N.), American Heart Association Fellowship 16POST30990067 (to V. L.), NIH R01 HL120872 (to M. L. K.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and NIH Grant R01 DE022358 (to A. P.). Financial 6294937 The authors thank W. Wan and S. Mattei for computational assistance, K. Diederichs for advice on X-ray data analysis, T. Naumoska for infectivity experiments, B. Müller for discussion, and W. Hagen for support during EM data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294937 This study was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grants BR 3635/2-1 (to J. A. G. B.), KR 906/7-1 (to H.-G. Financial 6294935 We thank Jeanine Pignatelli, Matthew Sung, and Jennifer Kahler for critical review of the manuscript; Keith Kobylarz for help with flow cytometry; Edward Rosfjord, Vladmir Buklan, and Roger Conant for in vivo studies; Magali Guffroy, John Kreeger, and Stephani Bisulco of the Pfizer-Oncology Histopathology and Biomarker group for pathology/histology support; Fred Immermann and Vinicius Bonato for help with statistical analysis; and Max Follettie and Veronica Diesl for support with the Affymetrix platform. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294935 We also thank the Pfizer Postdoctoral Program and the Oncology R&D group, specifically Karen Widbin, Puja Sapra, and Robert Abraham, for their support of the program. Financial 6294934 We thank Dr. Marco J. Herold (Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research) for providing FH1t (BsmB1) UTG plasmid. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294934 This work was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (Grants 2018YFA0107103 and 2016YFC1302302), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 81820108021,81430065 and 31871437), and National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (Grants APP1083496 and APP1099947). Financial 6294934 L. J. is the recipient of a Cancer Institute NSW Fellowship. Financial 6294933 We thank Lars Walløe for useful comments and discussion; and Joachim Burger for providing access to the aDNA facilities at the University of Mainz, Germany. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294933 This project was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the FP7-IDEAS-ERC Program (Grant 324249). Financial 6294938 Confocal images were acquired at the Spectrography and Bioimaging Facility, National Institute for Basic Biology Core Research Facilities. Declaration 6294933 C. O. is funded by Satsningsmiljø Grant Comparative Infection Biology (COMPI), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo. Financial 6294930 We thank Profs. Erwin Neher and Manfred Lindau for their expert help on the instrumentation, software, and discussions over the data; Dr. Valeria Zampini who shared her expertise on cell-attached recordings from IHCs with us; and Dr. Jakob Neef for critical feedback on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294930 This work was supported by the Max Planck Society and the DFG through the Leibniz program. Financial 6294921 The authors thank the Beijing Transport Information Center for data access. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294921 This work is financially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant XDA19040402) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 41701132 and 41722103). Financial 6294915 We thank the editor and two reviewers for constructive feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294915 This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant DBI-1564611. Financial 6294912 This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Office of Director/National Institute of Child Health and Development Grant DP2HD083961), the National Science Foundation , the American Heart Association (Grant 13SDG17230047), and the March of Dimes (Grant MOD 5-FY14-111) for funding. Financial 6294912 L. Q. W. is a Pew Scholar in Biomedical Sciences (Grant PEW 00026185), supported by the Pew Charitable Trusts. Financial 6294908 We thank Sergey Shakhov for photography and Mary Catherine Aime and Rachel Koch for allowing us to use the data obtained from the genome of G. necrorhiza MCA 3950. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294908 Assembly of plasmids for experiments with mammalian cells and Xenopus embryos was supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant 17-14-01169, and biochemical characterization of the luciferase was supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant 16-14-00052. Financial 6294908 This research was supported by Planta LLC and Evrogen JSC. Financial 6294933 Part of the data analysis was performed on the Abel Cluster, owned by the University of Oslo and the Norwegian metacenter for High Performance Computing (NOTUR) and operated by the Department for Research Computing at the University Center for Information Technology Services (USIT), University of Oslo. Declaration 6294908 IVIS imaging and animal experiments were carried out using the equipment of the Center for Collective Usage “Medical Nanobiotechologies” located in the Russian National Research Medical University. Declaration 6294908 T. G. and M. M.-H. General statement 6294908 acknowledge support from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Grant BFU2015-67107 cofounded by the European Regional Development Fund, European Research Council (ERC) Grant ERC-2012-StG-310325 under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013, and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014-642095. Financial 6294908 F. A. K. acknowledges the support of HHMI International Early Career Scientist Program 55007424, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) Grants BFU2012-31329 and BFU2015-68723-P, MINECO Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2013-2017 Grant SEV-2012-0208, Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Economia i Coneixement de la Generalitat’s Agency for Management of University and Research Grants Program 2014 SGR 0974, the Centres de Recerca de Catalunya Programme of the Generalitat de Catalunya, and ERC Grant 335980_EinME under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013. Financial 6294908 H. E. W., A. G. O., and C. V. S. acknowledge support from São Paulo Research Foundation Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo Grants 11/10507-0 (to H. E. W.), 10/11578-5 (to A. G. O.), and 13/16885-1 (to C. V. S.). Financial 6294904 This work was supported by National Science Foundation Award IOS1347116 and start-up support from the University of California, Merced. Financial 6294903 We thank Dr. Jessica Jones-Carson (University of Colorado) for providing the mice used in this study, and Dr. Valeria Valez (Universidad de la República) for assistance in the artwork. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294903 This research was funded by VA Merit Grant BX0002073; NIH Grants AI054959, AI136520, AI118223, and AI052066; and the Burroughs Welcome fund. Financial 6294903 Additional support was obtained from Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica Universidad de la República, Uruguay (CSIC I+D 2016) (to M. T.) and CSIC Groups 2014 (to R. R.). Financial 6294899 L. acknowledges support from Program of the China Scholarships Council Grant 201606070059. Financial 6294899 M. A. and A. V. acknowledge the support of NIH Grant MIDAS-U54GM111274. Financial 6294899 A. A. acknowledges the support of the Formación Personal Investigador Doctoral Fellowship from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) and its mobility scheme. Financial 6294899 Y. M. acknowledges partial support from the Government of Aragón, Spain through a grant (to the group Física Estadística y No Lineal) as well as MINECO and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional Funds Grant FIS2017-87519-P. Financial 6294908 Experiments were partially carried out using the equipment provided by the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences Сore Facility (CKP IBCH; supported by Russian Ministry of Education and Science Grant RFMEFI62117X0018). Declaration 6294894 We thank Drs. Mike Crowley and David Crossman (Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham) for their advice and technical assistance throughout this study; Dr. Tom Broker for providing the cell disruptor that made NETSeq possible; Dr. Mikhail Kashlev for informal conversations that led us to explore the effects of prokaryotic terminators on RNA polymerase I; and members of the D. A. S. laboratory for critical evaluation of this project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294894 This study was funded by NIH Grants GM084946 (to D. A. S.) and AI134693 (to C. M. P.). Financial 6294892 We thank Genentech’s FACS core facility for contributing their expertise and performing cell sorting; Robert J. Newman, Tim Soukup, and Merone Roose-Girma for generating the Cd226 targeting vector and targeted C57BL/6N ES cells; Genentech laboratory animal core groups for microinjection, animal care, and genotyping support; Zora Modrusan in the microarray laboratory for performing RNA-seq analysis; and Robert Bourgon for contributions to the bioinformatics analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294899 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6294891 We acknowledge the use of imagery from the NASA Worldview application (https://worldview.earthdata.nasa.gov/) operated by the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)/Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS) project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294891 Special thanks go to Lufthansa, Lufthansa Technical Division, Munich Airport, and the entire IAGOS-CARIBIC team. General acknowledgement 6294891 We acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91644218), National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant 2017YFC0210104), and Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program (2016ZT06N263). Financial 6294891 The German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) provided financial support for the CARIBIC observatory operation as part of the Joint Project IAGOS-D. Financial 6294891 The German Research Foundation (DFG) provided financial support for OPSS data analysis within the Priority Program 1294 (HALO). Financial 6294891 This work was supported by the Max Planck Society (MPG). Financial 6294891 J. D. gratefully acknowledges the joint postdoctoral program from Jinan University and the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry. Financial 6294886 We thank Ngayo Sy, Younouss Diedhiou, Lamine Ndiaye, and Amadou Moctar Mbaye for their help collecting the original samples from Thiès and Pikine, Senegal used in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294886 We also thank Cory L. Schlesener and Courtney Edison for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294886 Funding for this project was provided by National Institutes of Health Grant R01AI099105 (to D. F. W. and D. L. H.) and Grant OPP1156051 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Financial 6294886 A. R. D. was partly supported by National Science Foundation GRFP DGE1144152. Financial 6294885 This research was supported by research grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST103-2321-B-001-060-, MOST104-2321-B-001-027-, MOST105-2321-B-001-017-, MOST106-2321-B-001-011-, and MOST107-2321-B-001-007-) and an Academia Sinica Investigator Award (to S.-H. Financial 6294885 C. received a postdoctoral fellowship from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan. Financial 6294885 J. S. was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant R01GM60493. Financial 6294884 We thank two anonymous referees and the editor for their constructive feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294884 This work was supported by NSF Geophysics Program Award 1547269. Financial 6294884 T. V. acknowledges the Helmholtz Association for financial support within the framework of the Helmholtz-Alliance Liquid-Metal Technology (LIMTECH) and for supporting his stay in Los Angeles. Financial 6294884 S. H. acknowledges funding by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under Grant HO 5890/1-1 and Leibniz-Rechenzentrum for providing computational resources on SuperMUC. Financial 6294879 We thank Richard Bourgon for helpful discussions and critical feedback on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294878 We thank “Iniciativa de Empleo Juvenil” from both “Junta de Castilla y León” (L. M.-P.) General acknowledgement 6294796 We are grateful to Virginia L. Johnson (autoradiography analysis) and Manuela Douglas (brain sectioning and staining) for their technical expertise. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294796 This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (MH40210, AA09004, MH62185 and AA11293) and the Diane Goldberg Foundation. Financial 6294796 Some of the brain samples and their psychiatric characterization and storage were funded by NIH grants MH90964 and MH64168. Financial 6294748 Drs. Guo, Yuan, McMahon, Merikangas, Kadriu, Zarate, and Shugart gratefully acknowledge the support of the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (IRP-NIMH-NIH). Financial 6294748 This work was supported by MH002930-07. Financial 6294748 The authors thank the 7SE research unit and staff for their support. General acknowledgement 6294748 McKenzie Ritter (NIMH) provided editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294730 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Community Mental Health Teams across South London and Maudsley NHS Trust and we thank them for their support. Financial 6294730 We would like to thank Dr. Ulrich Reininghaus and the team at Maastricht University for their support with the technical aspects of ESM data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294730 Our warmest thanks to all the participants. General acknowledgement 6294717 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge funding from the BHF Cambridge Centre of Excellence (RE/13/6/30180), the Wellcome Trust (Novosang consortium), and the NHS Blood and Transplant Service. Financial 6294717 We are grateful for the intellectual support and practical help from Dr Jan Frayne (University of Bristol), Dr Jo Mountford (Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service), Dr Ashley Toye (University of Bristol), Dr Lila Diamanti, and Prof Bertie Gottgens (University of Cambridge Stem Cell Institute). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294612 The authors thank Kathy Duncan and Megan Hoesing for their assistance in manuscript preparation as well as Gretchen Fry for assistance with experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294612 The authors thank Kaye Talbitzer for her assistance with rat ligation procedures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294611 We thank Dr. Chunbo Zhang for providing some of the experimental instruments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294611 pflag-CMV4 vector was a gift from Dr. Xiaojian Han. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294610 The Cesarean Registry data were provided by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD MFMU Network. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294610 Dr. Charles Macri, Dr. John van den Anker and Dr. Naomi Luban for their mentorship and continued support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294609 The authors would like to acknowledge the Nepal Health Research Council for ethical review, as well as for technical and financial support for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294609 The authors would like to thank Prof Ramesh Kant Adhakari, Dr. Guna Raj Lohani, Mr. Bihungum Bista, Mr. Bijay Kumar Jha and Mr. Purushottam Dhakal for their advice and support in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294609 Special thanks go to the enumerators as well as the research participants. General acknowledgement 6294603 AcknowledgmentsWe thank S. Wang for maintaining the Raman system at Peking University. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 Y. G. thanks the support from H.-S. General acknowledgement 6294603 We thank the reviewers for the constructive suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 Funding: This work was supported by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (grant no. Financial 6294603 Author contributions: Y. G. composed the work, conducted the experiments, and analyzed the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 Y. G., Y. Z., C. L., Weixuan Zhang, J. Q., and W. J. carried out the simulations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 S. L. and H. W. contributed BP samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 K. X., J. H., Q. C., S. G., and Wenjing Zhang assisted in the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 Y. G. and Y. C. wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 X. Z. and Y. C. supervised the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294891 We thank NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for providing the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY website (https://www.ready.noaa.gov/index.php). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 All authors reviewed and commented on the manuscript. Declaration 6294603 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6294603 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6294600 AcknowledgmentsWe thank A. X. Staub and J. L. Long for assistance with the material blending. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294603 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6294600 This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE). Declaration 6294600 The U. S. Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U. S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U. S. Government purposes. Declaration 6294600 DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). Declaration 6294600 The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U. S. Government or any agency thereof. Declaration 6294600 Funding: The research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, was sponsored by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy BioEnergy Technologies Office Program. Financial 6294600 J. K. K. and K. C. L. acknowledge the financial support of the Neutron Scattering Division (NSD) of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which was sponsored by the ORNL Scientific User Facilities Division, DOE Office of Basic Research Sciences. Financial 6294600 J. K. K. also acknowledges the financial support of the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS) of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which was sponsored by the ORNL Scientific User Facilities Division, DOE Office of Basic Research Sciences. Financial 6294600 Author contributions: N. A. N. and A. K. N. conceived the scope of the work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 N. A. N. designed and performed the research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 S. H. B. contributed to the material blending and mechanical testing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 C. C. B. contributed to the SEM characterization. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 K. M. M. contributed to the NMR and GPC characterization of lignins. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 J. K. K. and K. C. L. contributed to the SANS characterization. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 N. A. N. and A. K. N. wrote the manuscript with input from all coauthors. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 A. K. N. directed the research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 Neither the U. S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Declaration 6294600 Competing interests: N. A. N. and A. K. N. are the inventors on a patent application (Invention Disclosure 201703895, DOE S-138,553) and a provisional patent application filed by UT Battelle, LL (No. 62/621,705, filed 25 January 2018). Declaration 6294600 All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6294600 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6294599 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Y. Xia of Wenzhou University for the helpful discussions of the reaction mechanism. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294599 Funding: This study was supported by the “1000 Youth Talents Plan” and NSF of China (grant 2167020084). Financial 6294599 This work was also supported by the Program A for Outstanding PhD Candidate of Nanjing University. Financial 6294599 Author contributions: Z. S. supervised the project and wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294599 X. Q. developed the reaction, expanded the substrate scope, and conducted the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294599 H. D. did some additional experiments during the revision. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294599 Y. Z. helped in the x-ray crystallographic analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294600 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6294599 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6294599 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6294555 We thank the Lizard Island staff, Alexia Graba-Landry, Saskia Jurriaans, and Carlos Alvarez-Roa for their field support and assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294599 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6294554 This study is partially supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): P25655 (M. S.), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China: 61703357 (X. H.). Financial 6294555 This project was implemented in accordance with the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority permit (G15/37657.1), James Cook University Animal Ethics Permit (A2186), and James Cook University’s General Fisheries Permit (170251). Declaration 6294553 We thank Fu-lin Liu and Rui Cheng for the assistance with experiment design. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294433 We thank staff from Comparative Medicine Program for animal care. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294432 The authors wish to thank Florian Mauvais for data extraction. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294431 This study was supported by the Chiang Mai University Center of Excellence in HIV/AIDS Research. Financial 6294431 We thank all internal and external staff at Chiang Mai University for supporting us, and all participants for their cooperation in providing the information for this study. General acknowledgement 6294431 We also thank the Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, for supporting the collaboration between Kyoto University and the Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294430 This research was partially funded by American Physical Therapy Association Orthopedic Section Research grant. Financial 6294554 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6294428 We thank all the workers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6294426 The authors are grateful to the department of Educational in Hamadan, Schools administrators and teachers for their sincere cooperation with the authors. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294397 I thank Julien Fournier, Simon Laughlin, Pascal Mamassian, Paolo Martini, Tim Meese, Michael Morgan, Concetta Morrone, Daniel Pressnitzer, Shibab Shamma and Beau Watson for comments relating to various aspects of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294393 We thank many dedicated undergraduate field assistants for their help: Sam Crow, Eleanor Glockner, Christopher Jackson, Sarah Jiang, Ga-Il Lee, Arthur Mestas, Becca Nelson, and especially Rebia Khan. General acknowledgement 6294392 For this study, DBP was partly supported by a NAMRA post-doctoral fellowship and by CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere funding. Financial 6294392 CNR, the RITMARE Flagship Project and the European Union (FP7-427 People Co-funding of Regional, National and International Programmes, GA n. 600407) supported VEB. Financial 6294392 Collection of the nutrient data presented in this study was obtained with support from the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA), through funding from the Australian Government’s Caring for our Country Program and from the Australian Institute of Marine Science. Financial 6294392 The authors acknowledge the data providers: The European Space Agency (ESA) and ACRI-ST (www.acri-st.fr/) for providing the MERIS RR dataset; The Bureau of Meteorology (BoM; www.bom.gov.au), IMOS (Integrated Marine Observing System; http://imos.org.au) and eReefs (http://ereefs.org.au). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294392 The authors are grateful to: Elsevier Language Editing Services for providing editing support; Jonathan Hodge (CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere) for providing guidance in extracting the wind data from eReefs; CSIRO Data61 (Ecosciences Precinct) for advice for parts of the data analysis, and Dr Phillip Ford, Dr Peter Rothlisberg and Dr Tim Malthus (CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere) for comments on previous versions of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294430 There was no additional external funding received for this study. Declaration 6294391 We thank the co-investigators of the project Enrique Fatas, Margaret Foddy and Rick Wilson. General acknowledgement 6294391 We also thank Donna Bahry, Patricio Dalton, Iain Edwards, and Saul Keifman and many other research assistants, for their valuable contribution to the fieldwork. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294391 We especially thank Warren Thorngate at Carlton University for making data collection in Iran possible. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294391 We also acknowledge organizational support from the Center for the Study of Globalization and Regionalization (CSGR) at the University of Warwick, the Center for International Business Education and Research (CIBER) at the University of South Carolina, the Laboratory for Research in Experimental Economics (LINNEX) at the University of Valencia, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education, the Canadian Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, the Center for Research and Education in Economic Development (CIDED) in Argentina, and EconomEtica in Italy. Financial 6294391 We thank a reviewer for valuable comments and Norma Madrid for assisting in editing this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294392 All the processing of the ESA MERIS imagery was performed with the Sentinel Application Platform (SNAP) (Brockmann Consult). Declaration 6294391 The dataset on which this paper is based is available online as S1 Data. Declaration 6294390 This work was supported by Institut National du Cancer grant 2016–165 to LL. Financial 6294390 This work was also supported by the CNRS, the University of Strasbourg, the “Agence Nationale de la Recherche” (ANR) and the French Proteomic Infrastructure (ProFI; ANR-10-INBS-08-03). Financial 6294389 We thank Iñigo Mendiola and Aitor Lekuona (Provincial Council of Gipuzkoa), and Asunción Yarzabal and Iñaki Uranga (City Council of San Sebastián) for their assistance in making this work possible, and also Secuencing and Genotyping Unit—Genomic Facilities—SGIker (UPV/EHU/ERDF, EU) for technical and human support provided by them. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294391 Data and experiment protocol have also been deposited at these repositories: https://osf.io/ytp9s/; dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.v5we87e. Declaration 6294388 We want to acknowledge the artist Åke Parmerud for conceptualizing ideas, creation, development and technical support of the VR system used in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294388 We would like to thank Dr Kate Bramley-Moore and Dr Netha Hussain for translation and proofreading assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294388 Special thanks to Professor Katharina Sunnerhagen for valuable insights in the research topic. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294388 Thanks also to Jurgen Broeren for technical support and for his expertise in the development of the VR walking experience. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294388 We would also like to thank Åsa Lundgren-Nilsson for contributing with valuable input in creation of the VR system. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294388 We wish to thank the participants for sharing their ideas and experiences. General acknowledgement 6294388 This study would not have been possible without the help from clinical physical therapists to recruit study participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294387 We thank Anne Pisor for assistance. General acknowledgement 6294386 The KorAHF registry was supported by Research of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Financial 6294385 We acknowledge the support that our colleagues Nathan Smith, M. P. H., of the University of California, San Francisco and Erin McCarthy, M. P. P. for their valuable contributions to this review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294384 We thank the patients and caregivers who agreed to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 6294384 This work was financed by the Swedish Dementia Foundation. Financial 6294383 Funding for this work was provided by the United States Department of Defense, as part of Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) project 15RC01-016. Financial 6294389 The authors declare that no Conflict of Interests exists and that the commercial company DESMA Estudios Ambientales does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Declaration 6294381 We are grateful to Ernest Wimmer, University of Göttingen, Germany for providing us the FSEL#32 TSS for the comparative evaluation with the classical GSS. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294381 We are also thankful to Ulysses Sto. General acknowledgement 6294380 This work was supported by the PRMRP Discovery Award (grant number PR121532) from the Department of Defense (to L. Du) and the Startup funds from Texas State University (to L. Du). Financial 6294380 The authors thank Dr. Tania Betancourt (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University) for critical reading of the manuscript and providing constructive suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294379 The authors wish to acknowledge and thank all of the participants in this study. General acknowledgement 6294378 This research was supported by a grant from Embrapa (02.13.08.006.00.03.001). Financial 6294378 Paula Renata Alves da Silva was supported by fellowship from CAPES, while José Ivo Baldani was supported by fellowship from CNPq (process nº 306011/2017-4 and 304750/2013-1) and a bench fee from FAPERJ–CNE (E26/203.011/2016). Financial 6294378 Jean Luiz Simões-Araújo also thanks CNPq (process nº 308818/2016-4) for the fellowship. Financial 6294383 Fish icons in Fig 1 were provided by the Integration and Application Network, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science (ian.umces.edu/imagelibrary/). Declaration 6294377 This research was supported by the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (1630052016002 and 17CXTD-15), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803663), the Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province (ZDYF2018226) and the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-21). Financial 6294377 We are grateful to Biomarker Technologies Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China) and Beijing Genomics Institute (Shenzhen, China) for providing technical help. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294378 The funders had no role in study design, [data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6294376 The authors are grateful to William Beck, Teresita Chua, and Jay Berkey for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294376 We sincerely appreciate the reviewers’ comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294375 We thank Frank Van Caeckenberghe and Marc Reynders of Botanic Garden Meise for the opportunity to sample in the living plant collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294374 The authors thank Fumihiko Ishikawa (RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan) for helping with xenotransplantation experiments, and the Mie University Biobank Research Center for sample preservation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294373 This work was supported in part by “Grants-in Aid for Cancer Research: Special Cancer Research” from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Science, and Technology, Japan (grant number JP17K07197). Financial 6294376 Disclaimer: Mention of trade names does not imply recommendation or endorsement by Iowa State University or the USDA Agricultural Research Service. Declaration 6294372 We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of general practitioners, hospitals, midwives, and pharmacies in Rotterdam. General acknowledgement 6294371 Financial support was obtained from the grants of Ateneo “Contributo per PRIN 2015”, University of Bari. Financial 6294371 The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Daniele Casulli for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294370 We thank Dr. Heiko Schütt for his statistical advice and support concerning Psignifit. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294369 The authors thank Drs. Soon Il Kim and Jee Youn Lee (Department of Transplantation Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea) for their significant contributions during patient follow-up. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294368 We would like to acknowledge Dr. Siva K. Solletti, Dr. Christopher Anderson, Dr. Ravi Misra, Dr. Gautam Bandyopadhyay, Christopher S. Slaunwhite, Hiedie Huyck, Amanda Howell and Michael R. Getman for technical advice and experimental support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294368 We also express our gratitude to Drs. Helene R. McMurray, Dirk Bohmann and Douglas S. Portman for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294367 We would like to thank the Unidad Universitaria de Secuenciación Masiva y Bioinformática (UUSMB) of the Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, for advice on DNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294367 The UUSMB is part of the Laboratorio Nacional de Apoyo a las Tecnologías en Ciencias Genómicas which was created and funded by the Programa de Laboratorios Nacionales CONACyT. General statement 6294367 We also express our gratitude to the working team from the Molecular Biology Department of the Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294367 Finally, we would like to thank Dr. Carlos Arias for his feedback and discussion for this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294365 We would like to thank the Center for African Studies (UF) and the Okavango Research Institute (ORI) for their support. General acknowledgement 6294365 There are multiple people and organizations that made this publication possible and the authors wish to express their gratitude. General acknowledgement 6294365 The authors wish to acknowledge the other PIs on the project: Dr. Brian Child, Dr. Eric Keys, Dr. Michael Binford, and Dr. Greg Kiker. General acknowledgement 6294363 We are grateful to Hilde de Reuse, Institut Pasteur, Helicobacter Pathogenesis Unit (ERL CNRS 3526) and Jean-Marc Ghigo, Institut Pasteur, Genetics of Biofilms Unit, for kindly providing plasmids pILL570 (glyA::aphA-3) and pKOBEGA respectively. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294363 We would like to thank Céline Henry, Unité de Recherches de Biochimie et Structure des Protéines, Jouy-en-Josas, for the mass spectrometric analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294361 We would like to thank the children and adults as well as the families who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6294361 We would also like to thank the immunology and clinical teams at the SATVI research site in Worcester for obtaining informed consent and collecting and processing blood from the study participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294361 We also acknowledge the support of the Cell Analysis Facility Flow Cytometry and Imaging Core in the Department of Immunology at the University of Washington. General acknowledgement 6294361 We thank Glenna Peterson, Richard D. Wells and Felicia Nguyen for valuable intellectual contributions, assay development, and database management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294361 This work was supported by grant T32HL002787 (ADG), K24AI137310 (TRH), NIH NO1-AI-70022 (Tuberculosis Research Unit) (TRH, WAH), the Burroughs Wellcome Foundation (TRH), K08 AI102971 (JAS), and the Dana Foundation (TRH and WAH). Financial 6294360 The authors would like to thank Prof. Ellen Zwarthoff for kindly sharing the RT112 and T24 cell lines, and Nicole Verkaik, Titia G. Meijer and Hanny Odijk for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294359 The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Anna Brunell and Eider Nuñes to the experimental work, and Dr. Pia Roos-Mattjus for comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294359 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6294357 Disclaimer: This study was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number U2GGH001876 funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through African Field Epidemiology Network to NFELTP. Financial 6294372 The Generation R Study is conducted by the Erasmus Medical Center in close collaboration with the Erasmus University Rotterdam, School of Law and Faculty of Social Sciences, the Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area, Rotterdam, the Rotterdam Homecare Foundation, Rotterdam, and the Stichting Trombosedienst & Artsenlaboratorium Rijnmond (STAR), Rotterdam. Declaration 6294357 We thank the participating medical staff of all health institutions visited and the research assistants. General acknowledgement 6294357 We are grateful to the Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme (NFELTP) for the support provided for this research. General acknowledgement 6294355 We are especially grateful to Dr. Bengt Löfgren of Skåne University Hospital for providing valuable virus strains. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294357 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. Declaration 6294355 We are grateful for the kind and helpful support provided by the Human Adenovirus Working Group in the evaluation of the new type candidate strains. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294352 The authors wish to acknowledge the technical support of JH, Jung for statistics. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294351 The authors want to thank Claire Weyel, Laura Wilhelm, and Maria Ebsen for their help with running the experiments and Robert Ennis and Jacob Cheeseman for helping to improve grammar and style. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294351 Research supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG; grant: SFB/TRR135, A05). Financial 6294355 The assemblies and phylogenetic calculations were performed using resources provided by SNIC through Uppsala Multidisciplinary Centre for Advanced Computational Science (UPPMAX) under Project SNIC 2017/7-285. Declaration 6294351 Raw data of individual observers from all experiments presented is available at . Declaration 6294349 The authors thank Jan Collogne, Jan Van Steelandt and Annelies Ooms from AVEVE (Neerhespen) for providing the piglets and accommodation during the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294349 The authors are also grateful to Gunther Vrolix, Denise Vogel and Marleen Cools for helping with the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294348 Joe Baustian, Jim M. Lee, Charles Milan, David Muth, Chris Neill, Dusty Pate, and Erick M. Swenson participated in the various backfilled projects conducted over the last 45 years to provide a foundation for this analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294348 They are gratefully thanked. General acknowledgement 6294346 Authors would like to acknowledge Dr Peter Karp and Dr Ron Caspi for their support and help with data in HumanCyc database. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294286 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by operating grants to F. C. L.: Stem Cell Network (DT3 and DT4), Canadian Foundation for Innovation (#33644). Financial 6294286 Salary (F. C. L.) was supported by the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR; #5238 BIOM), the Canadian Diabetes Association, and the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute. Financial 6294286 Fellowship support was provided by the CIHR-BC Transplantation Trainee Program, the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute (N. A. J. K., M. L., E. E. X., S. L. J. S.), University of British Columbia (N. A. J. K., M. L.), the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (N. A. J. K., A. M.), the JDRF (S. S.), and the MSFHR (S. S.). Financial 6294286 We thank members of the Lynn lab for technical support, discussion, and critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294286 We thank Sara Mostafavi for technical advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294286 Training on the 10× Genomics platform was provided by Jens Durruthy (10× Genomics). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294285 AcknowledgmentThe author would like to give thanks for the long-term support from peer-reviewed competitive grant funds from the New York Stem Cell Foundation, the NIH, the American Diabetes Association, the American Heart Association, and the American Association for Cancer Research. Financial 6294284 References to relevant reviews are provided for primary data references. Declaration 6294264 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Mattias Karlen for his excellent work in creating the schematic for Figure 1. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294264 Funding for open access charge: Swedish Research Council (2016-02112) to E. H. Financial 6294263 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank D. Geyskens and E. Vlaminckx for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294263 The authors also wish to thank all the colleagues from the Global Safety Pharmacology group for their helpful discussions and B. Damiano for the scientific review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294263 The research leading to these results has received support from the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under grant agreement no. 115439 (StemBANCC), resources of which are composed of a financial contribution from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) and EFPIA companies’ in-kind contribution. Financial 6294262 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the American Diabetes Association (grant #1-16-ICTS-029) and the Italian Ministry of Health (project PE-2011-02350284). Financial 6294262 S. M. is the recipient of a Chinese scholarship from the China Scholarship Council. Financial 6294262 D. E. is an NYSCF-Robertson investigator. General statement 6294262 We thank Danielle Baum for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294261 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to Outi Nikkilä for her help in mouse genotyping and Derek Ho for editing the text. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294261 This work was supported by grants from the Arvo and Lea Ylppö Foundation, the Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, the Finnish Medical Foundation, the Finnish Brain Research Foundation, and the Academy of Finland. Financial 6294244 AcknowledgmentsWe appreciate the assistance of Drs. K. Kojima, S. Ito, Y Tanimoto, and Y Hoshino, who are all members of the Spinal Cord Research Team in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. General acknowledgement 6294244 We thank Prof. Shinya Yamanaka for the human iPSC clones (201B7 and 414C2). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294244 We also thank Ms. T. Harada, Ms. K. Yasutake, and Ms. M. Akizawa for their assistance with the experiments and animal care. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294244 This work was supported by the Research Center Network for Realization of Regenerative Medicine of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) (grant no. 15bm0204001h0003 to H. O. and M. N.), and by a medical research grant related to traffic accidents from the General Insurance Association of Japan. Financial 6294244 H. O. is a compensated scientific consultant of San Bio, and K Pharma, and M. N. is a compensated scientific consultant of K Pharma. General statement 6294243 AcknowledgmentsThis work is part of the research program “Meer Kennis met Minder Dieren” (More Knowledge with Less Animals) with project number 2017104947IZONMW, financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Financial 6294243 Ton van Agthoven is supported by the Dutch Cancer Society (grant number 13-6001). Financial 6294243 Special thanks to the LUMC hiPSC core facility staff for support. General acknowledgement 6294243 We also thank Saskia Maas and Sophie Geerhardt for daily care of the mice and the histopathology work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294243 We thank Prof Bart Janssen (GenomeScan, the Netherlands) for in kind support of the microarray assays. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294242 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macau SAR (FDCT/131/2014/A3 and FDCT/056/2015/A2) and University of Macau Multiyear Research Grant (MYRG2015-00228-FHS and MYRG2015-00229-FHS). Financial 6294176 We would like to thank two anonymous referees of this journal for helpful feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294176 Stefan Wintein thanks the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) for funding the project, The Structure of Reality and the Reality of Structure (project leader: FA Muller), in which he is employed. Financial 6294174 AcknowledgmentsWe are indebted to Lisa M. Sevilla for critically reading the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294174 We thank F. Pallardó and J. Viña teams for their help with Seahorse Analyzer. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294174 This work was supported by grant BFU2015-68366-R MINECO/FEDER, UE (J. T.); grant SAF2013-41945-R MINECO and Fundación Ramón Areces (J. M. C.), and grant SAF2014-53977-R MINECO (A. P.-L.) Financial 6294174 J. P. was supported by a VALi + d predoctoral fellowship from Generalitat Valenciana and a Journal of Cell Science Traveler fellowship. Financial 6294173 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr. Tim Worden for copyediting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294173 We thank Mr. Peter Poon for helpful advice about intrathecal injection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294173 We also thank Dr. Malgosia M. Pakulska for the XMC preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294173 This study was supported by an Industry Sponsored Collaborative Research Grant with New World Laboratories Inc. and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR to M. S. S. and M. G. F.). Financial 6294173 M. G. F. is supported by the Halbert Chair in Neural Repair and Regeneration and the DeZwirek Foundation. Financial 6294173 M. S. S. is supported by a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair. Financial 6294173 Additional grant support is from the Krembil Foundation (to M. G. F. and M. S. S.). Financial 6294173 S. N. is supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Overseas Research Fellowships. Financial 6294172 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Ms. Yasuko Hagihara, Ms. Natsumi Mimura, and Ms. Ayaka Sakamoto for their excellent technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294172 We thank Mr. Marcos Taracena for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294172 This research is supported by the grants from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED (16mk0104004h0303), Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, and JSPS KAKENHI (grant numbers 18H05033 and 18H05373). Financial 6294168 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge the Ontario Telemedicine Network for their engagement and operational oversight as well as Canada Health Infoway and the Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294167 AcknowledgmentsInitial data analyses were undertaken by Bellinda King-Kallimanis while she was an employee at Pharmerit International, LP. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294167 Funding for this research was provided by Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA. Financial 6294163 AcknowledgmentsA huge thank you to the e-health app developer Yagmap.com, who showed amazing insight and professionalism throughout the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294163 We are very grateful to all the women who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6294163 We are also grateful to the Independent Cancer Patients’ Voice and Breast Cancer Care for helping us in recruitment to the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294163 This study was funded by the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University. Financial 6294114 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr Bin Dong, the Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute for her technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294114 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (81772565, 81372593, 81201965), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7132052), and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No.2012AA02A506, 2014AA020801). Financial 6294113 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge support from Salk Bioinformatics and Stem Cell Cores. General acknowledgement 6294113 This work is funded by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (GC1R-06673-B) and NIH/NCI RO1CA125535 (to K. A. J.). Financial 6294113 Conchi Estarás was supported by Salkexcellerators Program. Financial 6294112 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr. Ivan Maillard, whose insightful questions led to the conception of the project, Yasmine Abushukur and Theresa Keeley for technical help, Erin Collin for maintaining the mouse colony, and the Nusrat/Parkos lab for the gift of the Villin-Cre mice and for supplementing our Villin-CreERT2 mouse stores. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294112 N. B. was supported by the Cellular and Molecular Biology program, a Rackham research grant, and the Benard L. Maas Fellowship. Financial 6294112 The research was funded by NIH R01-DK096972 (to L. C. S.), and Core support from the Michigan Gastrointestinal Research Center Grant NIH P30-DK34933. Financial 6294075 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank V. Bruscaggin,V. Fiorio, C. Firrito, and A. Stevano for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294075 Dr G. Walker for critical reading and editing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294075 Dr. L. Piemonti (HSR-Milan) for providing human HIMEC cells. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294075 A. F. was supported in part by ERC startup grant no. 261178, AIRC 2012 (project 13166), and in part from Horizon 2020, HemAcure n. 667421. Financial 6294075 P. C. S., A. R., and A. F. were supported by E-Rare HEMO-iPS 2011. Financial 6294075 A. F. was a recipient of a CSL-Behring Prof. Heimburger 2010 Award. Financial 6294075 Additional support for this work came from Instituto de Salud Carlos III-ISCIII/FEDER (Red de Terapia Celular - TerCel RD16/0011/0024), Generalitat de Catalunya - AGAUR (2014-SGR-1460), and CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya to A. R. and from Telethon (TGT18F01) to A. L. Financial 6294073 AcknowledgmentsWe thank So-ichiro Fukada (Osaka University, Osaka, Japan) for providing the SM/C-2.6 antibody. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294073 This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellows (16J00431 to Y. K.). Financial 6294073 This work was also supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research KAKENHI (15K16486 to Y. K., 18H04080 to R. N., and 18K17857 to Y. K.), AMED (16bm0704010h0001 to Y. O. and 18ek0109383h0001 to Y. O.), the Nakatomi Foundation (to Y. K.), and the Uehara Memorial Foundation (to Y. K.). Financial 6294072 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Professor Robert Passier for the helpful visit at Leiden University Medical Center to learn their expertise to differentiate atrial-like myocytes from hESCs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294072 Authors thank the members of the hiPSC-CM working group at the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, UKE-Hamburg, for their support with stem cell culture and CM differentiation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294072 We would like to thank PD Dr. Monica Patten, MD (University Heart Center, UKE) and Prof. Lucie Carrier (Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, UKE) for providing access to myectomy samples from patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294072 We are very grateful to Mirja L. Schulze, Aya Shibamiya and Elisabeth Schulze (UKE) for providing the ERC18 and ERC1 Ctrl hiPSC lines. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294072 The C25 Ctrl hiPSC line was provided by the group of Alessandra Moretti, Munich. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294072 The FACS analysis was done with support from the FACS Core unit of the UKE. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294072 We greatly appreciate the assistance of Susanne Krasemann and Kristin Hartmann (mouse pathology core facility of the UKE) in immunohistochemistry and TEM imaging. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294072 The work was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 675351, the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK 81Z0710101), the European Research Council (ERC AG IndivuHeart), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, HA 3423-5-1), and Leducq Fondation (research grant Nr. Financial 6294072 T. E. and A. H. are co-founders of EHT Technologies, Hamburg. General statement 6294072 G. S. is a founder and executive of Clyde Biosciences Ltd (UK). General statement 6294071 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank all members of the Lagace and Béïque laboratories, specifically Keren Leviel Kumar, Angela Nguyen, Mathew Seegobin, and Danielle Dewar-Darch for animal colony maintenance, and Karl Schnalzer and Mikaël Ladouceur for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294071 We would like to thank the University of Ottawa Flow Cytometery core facility for technical assistance with FACS isolation and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294071 We also thank Dr. Dale Corbett, Dr. Melissa Snyder, and Sean Geddes for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294071 T. S. K. is grateful for support from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada and the Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery. Financial 6294071 J. C. B. is supported by a grant-in-aid from the Heart and Stroke Foundation and the Canadian Institute for Health Research. Financial 6294071 D. C. L. is supported by grants from the Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery and the Canadian Institute for Health Research. Financial 6294065 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Shanhui Shen, Yaoxi Chen, Hongying Fan, Jiawei Wang, Guorong Ma, Qisha Zhu, Bingren Zhang, and Xu Shao for their assistance during the experiment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294053 We thank Greg Schneider and Ron Nussbaum at UMMZ for providing access to tissue samples and vouchers, and Oscar Flores for help with permits. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294053 We thank the peer reviewers and editors for helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294052 We thank Guillermo García Franco and José Gargallo Tuzón for their invaluable help with some parts of the code and programming support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294052 We also would like to thank Luc De Meester, Raquel Ortells and Ma José Carmona for helpful comments on previous versions of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294051 We thank Dr. Benjamin Schwessinger for helpful discussions and technical assistance in performing kinase autophosphorylation assays and Dr. Gitta Coaker for her supportive discussions of the manuscript and the application of statistical methods. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294051 We express our gratitude to Dr. Christopher Harvey for helping with the assembly of raw data in preparation for peer review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294050 We are very grateful Greg Crochet at the Blue Crab Aquaculture Center for Fisheries Research & Development at the University of Mississippi Gulf Coast Research Laboratory and to Susan Chiasson and Sarah Giltz for their support throughout this project. General acknowledgement 6294043 The authors would like to thank the members of FBP School of Nursing at Case Western Reserve University for providing general research support and critical review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6294042 AcknowledgementThis work was financially supported by grants from the Capital Health Research and Development of Special (Grant No. 2014-21073, Beijing, China) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31440051, Beijing, China). Financial 6293665 We thank all the technicians at Ifakara Health Institute who participated in the mosquito collections and Milali P. Masabho for his support in the 2014 collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293665 We also wish to thank Lisa Ranford-Cartwright for support with laboratory equipment and Kathryn Elmer for advice on phylogenetic analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293665 FundingThis work was supported by an AXA RF fellowship (14-AXA-PDOC-130) and an EMBO LT fellowship (43-2014) to FB. Financial 6293665 FO was also funded by a Wellcome Trust Intermediate Fellowship in Public Health and Tropical Medicine (grant number: WT102350/Z/13). Financial 6293665 KK was supported by DELTAS Africa Initiative (Afrique One-ASPIRE/ DEL-15-008). Financial 6293665 Availability of data and materialsData supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article and its additional file. Declaration 6293665 The 16S rRNA Wolbachia sequences obtained in this study are available in the GenBank repository under the accession numbers MH596693-MH596703. Declaration 6293656 Not applicableFundingThis work was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (National Science and Technology Major Project, Grant No. 2018YFA0109100) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 31871496 and 31741090). Financial 6293656 Availability of data and materialsData sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. Declaration 6293649 Availability of data and materialsAll references found eligible in our literature review are included in the article. Declaration 6293630 We are grateful to all the young people and adults who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6293630 We benefited enormously from the work of eight research assistants and acknowledge their contribution. General acknowledgement 6293630 This work was part of the LINEA initiative and the STRIVE Research Programme Consortium working group on transactional sex. Declaration 6293630 The study was funded by OAK Foundation. Financial 6293630 FundingThe study was funded by OAK Foundation. Financial 6293630 The funder had no role in the design, analysis and write-up of these results. Declaration 6293630 Availability of data and materialsThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the National Institute for Medical Research but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under licence for the current study and so are not publicly available. Declaration 6293630 Data are, however, available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of the National Institute for Medical Research and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Declaration 6293597 Not applicable. Declaration 6293597 FundingThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (81771523,81472110). Financial 6293597 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6293589 We are grateful to Bárbara Berón, Albert Bush, Luis Cappozzo, Enrique Crespo, Martín García-Varela, Michael Kinsella, Kristina Lehner, Scott Monks, Brent Nickol, María Soledad Sepúlveda, Allen Shostack, Tuula Sinisalo, Patricio Torres and Mijail Yurakhno for sending acanthocephalan specimens for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293589 We also thank Roger G. Lentle for his thoughtful comments on the physical features of mammalian digestion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293589 Photographs with SEM were made thanks to the SCSIE of the University of Valencia, Spain. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293589 Additional file 2: Figure S1 was adapted from figure 3 of Hammond with permission from The Company of Biologists, Ltd. Declaration 6293589 FundingSupported by projects PROMETEOII/2015/018 from the Generalitat Valenciana, CGL2007-63221 of the Ministry of Education and Science (MEC) of Spain, and AGL2015/68405/R from MINECO-FEDER, Spain. Financial 6293589 Availability of data and materialsData supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article and its additional files. Declaration 6293589 Raw data and specimens examined are available from the corresponding author upon request. Declaration 6293579 The authors thank the contributions by the staff at the School of Medicine and School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University. General acknowledgement 6293579 FundingThis research was supported in part by the National Key Research & Development Programme of China (2018ZX10101002-002-007, 2017YFD0500304 and 2017ZX10304402-002-005) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (81560338). Financial 6293579 All other relevant data are included in the article and its additional files. Declaration 6293570 The authors acknowledge the significant contribution of Helen Finnigan, previously an employee of Boehringer Ingelheim, who performed most of the analyses presented in this manuscript and reviewed an early outline. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293570 FundingThe study was funded by Boehringer Ingelheim. Financial 6293570 Boehringer Ingelheim were responsible for the design of the study and collection and analysis of data. Declaration 6293570 Availability of data and materialsStudy data may be shared upon request. Declaration 6293564 This paper was drafted in response to a call for concept papers related to integrated knowledge translation issued by the Integrated Knowledge Translation Research Network (CIHR FDN #143237). Declaration 6293564 FundingThis paper was commissioned by the Integrated Knowledge Translation Network (IKTRN). Financial 6293564 The IKTRN brings together knowledge users and researchers to advance the science and practice of integrated knowledge translation and train the next generation of integrated knowledge translation researchers. General statement 6293564 Honorariums were provided for completed papers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293564 The IKTRN is funded by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Foundation Grant (FDN #143247). Financial 6293564 Availability of data and materialsNot applicable. Declaration 6293561 The authors thank Ms. Xiahong Li for her invaluable assistance with data collection and preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293561 FundingThis study was solely supported by institutional funds. Financial 6293561 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6293545 The participating farmers and herd veterinarians are greatly acknowledged for contributing to the study. General acknowledgement 6293545 Moreover we want to thank the rest of the MINAPIG consortium for designing and supporting the project: Annette Backhans, SLU, Sweden; Catherine Belloc, ONIRIS, France; Lucie Collineau, SAFOSO, Switzerland; Ulf Emanuelson, SLU, Sweden; Bernd Grosse Liesner, Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany; Ann Lindberg, SVA, Sweden; Elisabeth Okholm, Danish Agriculture and Food Council, Denmark; Hugo Seemer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany; Marie Sjölund, SVA, Sweden and Vivianne Visschers, ETHZ, Switzerland. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293545 FundingThis study was conducted as part of the MINAPIG project, funded by the ERA-NET 486 programme EMIDA (EMIDA19). Financial 6293545 The national funding agency for Germany was the BMBF (Federal Ministry of Education and Research) Funding-Number 031A084. Financial 6293545 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6293538 The authors thank the participants of the study as well as Ms. Antigone Askitoglu, lung function technician, who performed all spirometries and oversaw the completion of all questionnaires. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293538 FundingThe CoLaus/PsyCoLaus study is supported by research grants from GlaxoSmithKline, the Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne, and the Swiss National Science Foundation (grants 33CSCO-122661, 33CS30–139468 and 33CS30–148401). Financial 6293538 The PneumoLaus study is supported by a research grant from the Ligue Pulmonaire Vaudoise. Financial 6293538 The funding sources had no contribution to the study design, analysis and interpretation of data, or in writing the report and decision to submit the article for publication. Declaration 6293538 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6293484 The authors would like to acknowledge the support of all the study patients and investigators. General acknowledgement 6293484 A full list of study investigators can be found in the Supplementary Material, available at Rheumatology online. Declaration 6293484 Medical writing support, under the guidance of the authors, was provided by Alice MacLachlan, PhD, of CMC Connect, a division of Complete Medical Communications Ltd, Glasgow, UK, and was funded by Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA in accordance with Good Publication Practice (GPP3) guidelines (Ann Intern Med 2015;163:461–464). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293483 Editorial support was provided by Tom Claus, PhD, of PAREXEL and funded by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293482 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the Virginia AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP) clients, the ADAP staff, and the Virginia Department of Health staff. General acknowledgement 6293481 The recruiting centres were supported by the National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network in England. Financial 6293481 BCRD is funded by Arthritis Research UK Grant 20747. Financial 6293481 This research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre. Financial 6293479 AcknowledgmentsWe thank those who participated in the study for their unconditional support, especially colleagues in the neonatology and pediatric emergency department. General acknowledgement 6293477 The authors acknowledge the enthusiastic collaboration of all consultant rheumatologists and their specialist nurses in the UK in providing the data (visit www.bsrbr.org for a full list of contributors). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293477 The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Institute for Health Research, through the Comprehensive Local Research Networks at participating centres. General acknowledgement 6293477 In addition, the authors acknowledge support from the BSR Executive, the members of the BSRBR Registers Committee and the BSRBR Project Team in London for their active role in enabling the register to undertake its tasks. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293477 The authors also acknowledge the seminal role of the BSR Clinical Affairs Committee for establishing national biological guidelines and recommendations for such a register. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293477 Finally the authors would like to acknowledge the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology who provided the infrastructure support for the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293477 The BSR commissioned the BSR Biologics Register in RA (BSRBR-RA) as a UK-wide national project to investigate the safety of biologic agents in routine medical practice. Declaration 6293477 K. H. is the principal investigator. General statement 6293477 BSR receives restricted income from UK pharmaceutical companies, including Abbvie, Celltrion, Hospira, MSD, Pfizer, SOBI, Samsung, UCB and Roche. Financial 6293477 This income finances a wholly separate contract between the BSR and the University of Manchester. Financial 6293477 The principal investigator and the BSRBR-RA team at the University of Manchester have full academic freedom and are able to work independently of pharmaceutical industry influence. Declaration 6293477 All decisions concerning analyses, interpretation and publication are made autonomously of any industrial contribution. Declaration 6293477 Members of the BSRBR-RA University of Manchester team, BSR trustees, committee members and staff complete an annual declaration in relation to conflicts of interest. Declaration 6293477 All relevant information regarding serious adverse events outlined in the manuscript have been reported to the appropriate pharmaceutical company as per the contractual agreements/standard operating procedures. Declaration 6293477 K. M. F. was supported through a grant from the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority. Financial 6293477 Data, infrastructure and statistical analysis support was also provided by the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Excellence Grant (Grant No. 20380). Financial 6293323 This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (K01 AG046374, R01 AG056923, R01 AG056293, R01 AG044546, P01 AG003991, RF1 AG053303, R01 AG058501, U01 AG05241102, and U01 AG058922), the Tau Consortium, the Alzheimer Association (NIRG-11-200110, BAND-14-338165, and BFG-15-362540). Financial 6293323 The recruitment and clinical characterization of research participants at Washington University were supported by NIH P50 AG05681, P01 AG03991, and P01 AG026276. Financial 6293323 This work was supported by access to equipment made possible by the Hope Center for Neurological Disorders and the Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine. Financial 6293323 Data collection and sharing for this project was supported by The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer’s Network (DIAN, UF1AG032438) funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Partial support by the Research and Development Grants for Dementia from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED, and the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI). Financial 6293323 This manuscript has been reviewed by DIAN Study investigators for scientific content and consistency of data interpretation with previous DIAN Study publications. Declaration 6293323 We acknowledge the altruism of the participants and their families and contributions of the DIAN research and support staff at each of the participating sites for their contributions to this study. General acknowledgement 6293323 The authors thank the International FTD-Genomics Consortium (IFGC) for providing summary statistics data for these analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293323 The list of IFGC members and further acknowledgments for the IFGC can be found in the online supplementary material. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293322 This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS, Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria PI13/00812, PI16/0122), and the Catalan Innovation, Universities and Enterprise Authority (Grants DURSI 2014SGR436 and 2014SGR441). Financial 6293322 DB is supported by a FPU fellowship (FPU14/06834) from the “Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte”. Financial 6293322 The authors thank Dr C. Sindreu for generously donating HEK293 cell line. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293321 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant nos. 81371528,81820108018, 81621003, 81761128023, 81220108013, 81227002 and 81030027), Sichuan Provincial Foundation of Science and Technology of China (Grant no. 2013SZ0047) and the Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (FMIKLSP, Grant No.2012JO0011). Financial 6293320 We thank Winton Moy for RNA-seq preparation, Deli He and Jessica Freda for technical support on cell culture. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293320 We thank the study participants of MGS. General acknowledgement 6293320 MGS was mainly supported by R01MH059571, R01MH081800, and U01MH079469 (to P. V. G.); and other NIH grants for other MGS sites (R01MH067257 to N. G. B., R01MH059588 to B. J. M., R01MH059565 to R. F., R01MH059587 to F. A., R01MH060870 to W. F. B., R01MH059566 to D. W. B., R01MH059586 to J. M. S., R01MH061675 to D. F. L., R01MH060879 to C. R. C., U01MH046276 to C. R. C., and U01MH079470 to D. F. L). Financial 6293320 The transcriptomic work was primarily supported by RC2MH090030 (to A. R. S.), R01MH094116 (to H. H. H. G.), and R01MH094091 (to P. V. G.). Financial 6293320 This work was also supported by NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Career Development Award (to J. D.) and R01MH106575 (to J. D.) and conducted in part in facilities constructed under the support of NIH grant 1C06RR020547. Financial 6293320 V. Gejman6, A. R. Sanders6, J. Duan6, D. F. Levinson7, J. Shi8, N. G. Buccola9, B. J. Mowry10, R. Freedman11, A. Olincy11, F. Amin12, D. W. Black13, J. M. Silverman14, W. F. Byerley15, C. R. Cloninger16, D. M. Svrakic16 General statement 6293319 The studies were supported by Formas, the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Brain Research foundation, Gunvoroch Josef Anérs foundation, A Karlssons foundation, LR Åkerhams foundation, Kempe-Carlgrenska Foundation, Tore Nilsons foundation and the Gillbergska foundation. Financial 6293318 K. E. A. S. was funded by a Wellcome Trust Strategic Award (CONBRIO: Collaborative Oxford Network for Bipolar Research to Improve Outcomes, Reference number 102616/Z) and supported by the NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre. Financial 6293318 Terry Lyons is supported by the Alan Turing Institute under the EPSRC grant EP/N510129/1, and Imanol Perez is supported by a scholarship from La Caixa. Financial 6293318 Guy Goodwin and John Geddes are NIHR Senior Investigators. General statement 6293233 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to Shinji Azuma for technical advice on microdialysis and to Rita Cowell, Analia Lopez Diaz and Gokulakrishna Banumurthy for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293233 The authors report no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Declaration 6293220 AcknowledgmentThe authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study. Declaration 6293220 This research was supported by the VELUX FOUNDATION. Financial 6293214 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank all the families who took part in this study, the midwives who helped recruit them, and the whole ALSPAC team. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6293214 We also acknowledge the support of Dr Greg Parker at CUBRIC. General acknowledgement 6293214 All authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Declaration 6293208 AcknowledgmentThe authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study. Declaration 6293176 J. A. was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (AN372/11‐2, 17‐1, 23‐1, 24‐1). Financial 6293176 We thank Mr. Gregory O'Dowd for his kind English proofreading. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292784 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge the NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office for providing the MERRA-2 reanalysis dataset. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292784 Funding: This study was supported by the Harvard Global Institute. Financial 6292784 This research was supported also by State Key Laboratory on Smart Grid Protection and Operation Control of NARI Group, through the open topic project (20171613). Financial 6292784 Author contributions: M. G., X. C., and M. B. M. conceived the research; M. G. and X. C. calculated the wind energy potential; Y. D., S. S., and X. L. assisted with the discussion; and all authors contributed to the final interpretation and writing of the manuscript, with major contributions from M. G., X. C., and M. B. M. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292784 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6292784 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6292713 We thank the ENCODE Project Consortium and Roadmap Epigenomics Mapping Consortium for data access, the USC Center for High-Performance Computing (https://hpcc.usc.edu/), the UCLA Technology Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, and Huy Dinh for advice on bioinformatics analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292713 Funding: This work was supported by the following grants from the NIH: NIH U01MH103346A, NIH R01CA136924, NIH K01CA229995, and NIH R01MH086874. Financial 6292713 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6292713 Data and materials availability: All data were produced as part of PsychENCODE Consortium, and data used in this study can be accessed at psychencode.org. Declaration 6292713 All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6292713 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6292699 The authors would like to thank Margarita Russetskaya, Michail Osadchiy, Maria Ivanova, Anna Kravchenko, Daria Kovalchuk, Galina Portnova, Pavel Koreshkov, Natalia Fomicheva, Elvira Budaeva, Ksenia Vostrikova, and Margarita Makshantseva for their insightful comments and their help in data collection and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292698 We thank to Karin Nygren for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292664 The authors wish to thank Diana Ávalos and Daniel Romero for their help in evaluation and data collection, and Hillary Contreras for their assistance in database collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292664 We also thank all participants and their families, and the high schools, principals, and teachers who assisted with this project. General acknowledgement 6292663 The opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations contained herein are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U. S. Army. Declaration 6292662 We thank the GPs and practice nurses who participated in the survey. General acknowledgement 6292662 We are grateful: to members of the Steering Group and Intervention Development Group for their input; for the assistance of CervicalCheck, the Professional Development Co-ordinators for Practice Nurses and the INPA in providing lists of practice nurses; to Judith Murphy for her contribution to the development of the proposal for the study that became ATHENS, Claire O’Callaghan and Joanne Clooney for data entry and Damien Foley for designing the ATHENS logo; and staff at the CervicalCheck training unit for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292662 The ATHENS group comprises:Investigators: LAMcS, SUD, JJF, CMM, JJO’L and LS. General statement 6292662 Steering Group: Dr Brenda Corcoran (National Immunization Office), Ms Ann McGill (Health Services Executive), Ms Eileen O’Donovan (Irish Cancer Society), Dr Eamonn Shanahan (Farranfore Medical Centre), Dr Alan Smith (National Screening Service), and investigators as listed above. General statement 6292662 Intervention Development Group: Ms Carol McNamara (CervicalCheck), Ms Louise McKee (Irish Practice Nurses Association), Dr Genevieve McGuire (Scarriff Medical Centre), LAMcS, SUD and LS. General statement 6292662 The ATHENS Group may be contacted via the corresponding author (linda.sharp@ncl.ac.uk). General statement 6292661 We appreciate Mr. Robert Ng, Mr. Roland Mak and Mr. Chee Seang Loh contributions to the development of the website and Mr. Wen-Chen Hol’s role as CourseBuilder Administrator. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292660 Many thanks go to Agnes Olin, Bernhard Schmid, Josefine Biskup and Giovanni Di Carlo for comments and discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292658 Comissão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior (CAPES) General statement 6292656 We would like to thank Gene (ET) Ash for his advice and assistance in drone rearing and collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292656 We would also like to thank Dr. Dickson Varner, Dr. Charles Love and Ms. Shiela Teague of the Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine for their help in processing and analyzing data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292656 This study was supported in part by funding to Juliana Rangel by a USDA-NIFA award (2015-67013-23170) and Texas A&M University’s Hatch Project (TEX09557), and by funding to Adrian Fisher II from the American Association of Professional Apiculturists. Financial 6292655 We thank A. K. Trejo-Jaimes and M. Ramos-Millán for technical support, and R. Bahena and S. Becerra for computational support and for oligonucleotides synthesis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292655 MMV was recipient of a scholarship from CONACyT. Financial 6292653 The authors thank Huaiqing Cao, Miao Yu and Hao Ruan for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292652 We would like to thank Paul R. Martin and Samuel G. Solomon for sharing the marmoset LFP data from , and Changsong Zhou and Thomas Knöpfel for sharing the mouse imaging data from . Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292649 We are grateful to Prof. Bae-Yeun Ha for careful reading of the manuscript and thank the Center for Advanced Computation in KIAS for providing computing resources. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292648 The authors would like to thank Trent Mattner for useful discussions on analysing noisy data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292646 All the authors belong to theMorpheme team (a joint team between Inria CRI-SAM, I3S and IBV). General statement 6292646 We thank Nadege Guiglielmoni for her validation of the segmentation method used to reconstruct single neuron live-imaging, and her contribution in the measurement of type II branch length. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292646 We thank the members of the Besse team for critical discussion on the manuscript, Lucile Palin for technical assistance and the iBV PRISM imaging platform for the use of their machines and support, in particular Magali Mondin. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292644 The authors are thankful to Frank Chaloupka and Vikas Kapil for their comments on the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292641 Giacomo Livan and Mircea Zloteanu acknowledge support from an EPSRC Early Career Fellowship in Digital Economy (Grant No. Financial 6292638 We thank Rose Sockol and the University of Oregon Zebrafish Facility staff for fish husbandry, Sophie Sichel for preparation of germ-free zebrafish, and many members of the authors’ research group for useful comments and conversations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292637 We are grateful to the paramedics who participated in the study for openly sharing their views and experiences. General acknowledgement 6292637 We are also grateful to the following ambulance service representatives for their valuable contribution to the project: Kevin McLaughlin and Dr. Rosemary Carney, Ambulance Service of New South Wales; Alex Wilson, Ambulance Tasmania; Melanie Thorrowgood, South Australia Ambulance Service; Michael McKay and Sue-Ellen Skinner, St John Ambulance Northern Territory. General acknowledgement 6292637 Our thanks also to Emma Sandral, Turning Point/Eastern Health, for her contribution to data coding. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292637 Finally, our sincere thanks to the Project Steering Committee members for their valuable guidance in the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292636 Born in Bradford is only possible because of the enthusiasm and commitment of the Children and Parents in BiB. General statement 6292636 We are grateful to all the participants, practitioners and researchers who have made Born in Bradford happen. General acknowledgement 6292636 The authors would also like to thank the National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care for Yorkshire and Humber (NIHR CLAHRC YH) for supporting us in conducing this work. General acknowledgement 6292636 Further details about the new NIHR CLAHRC YH can be found at www.clahrc-yh.nihr.ac.uk. Declaration 6292636 The views and opinions expressed are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. Declaration 6292636 The authors would also like to thank Mr Derek Burns for his advice regarding statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292635 In memory and honor of Subilaga Kaganda, faithful servant of the people of Tanzania and passionate leader against HIV/AIDS, who sadly passed away during our project. General statement 6292635 The authors extend their deep gratitude to Bukoba municipal and Kagera regional health authorities and AIDS coordinators for their unwavering support of the Bukoba Combination Prevention Evaluation, and for the excellent access and collaborative spirit of clinical staff at government and private health facilities. General acknowledgement 6292635 The authors recognize and appreciate the critical contributions of BCPE expert client counselors, linkage and retention coordinators, and ICAP Bukoba staff whose commitment and dedication to client services are responsible for the superb achievements of the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292635 Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the funding agencies. Declaration 6292634 We would like to thank Bettina Kahlich for excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292634 We thank V. Van Puyenbroeck for designing the CRF1R-pPL construct and Arthur Gibert for help in preparing the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292633 This research was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) & funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No. 2017M3A9E2064741). Financial 6292632 The authors thank Prof. Alasdair MacGowan (Public Health England, North Bristol NHS Trust & University of Bristol) and Dr. Karen Bowker (North Bristol NHS Trust) for providing clinical isolates of PJI. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292631 We acknowledge Robert Liu, MD in providing editorial assistance in the preparation and revision of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292630 We are very grateful to Thierry Lançon et Silvere Bru for putting their apiaries at our disposal. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292629 We thank Elin Wallsten for providing the research data from the original phantom study . Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292629 We would also like to thank Hans Stenlund who provided helpful assistance in the statistical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292626 Karin Stenström accepts responsibility for the integrity and validity of the data collected and analysed. Declaration 6292626 This systematic review was funded by and carried out within the framework of a public agency, the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services. Financial 6292626 We would like to thank Anna Edling for diligent assistance with the figures and Lars-Eric Olsson (LEO) for valuable cooperation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292624 The iPSYCH study was funded by The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research. Financial 6292624 This research has been conducted using the Danish National Biobank resource, supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation. Declaration 6292623 Authors would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology of the Dominican Republic, specifically to its National Fund for Scientific Innovation and Technological Development, for funding this research within the project named “Fluvial environments, Ocoa river basin (Dominican Republic): hydro-geomorphological dynamics, disaster risks management and natural resources conservation”, code FONDOCyT 2012-2B3-70. Financial 6292623 Field data were collected by Iris Santos, Gerónimo Laurencio, Edwin Medina, María de Aza, Wendy Rojas and José Martínez. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292623 Design of the work was discussed with Rafael Cámara Artigas, from University of Seville, who also helped in the acquisition of field data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292623 Species identification was done by Teodoro Clase, with the support of the National Botanical Garden of Santo Domingo. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292623 Geological maps were kindly facilitated by National Geological Survey of the Dominican Republic. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292623 Aerial photographs were donated by National Institute for Hydraulic Resources. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292622 This cross-sectional cohort study was supported by a research grant from the Département à la Recherche Clinique Ile-de-France, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, which also sponsored the study (PHRC-AOR13212). Financial 6292622 We acknowledge the assistance provided by I. Pane for web site development. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292621 This work was supported by the project of Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan (grant number 104-2313-B-002–043 -MY3). Financial 6292619 We thank Dan Mckenney and Pia Papadopol from NRC for climate data, and Luisa Carter for reviewing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292619 We thank Ontario’s 36 local public health units for their participation in Ontario’s WNV surveillance program. General acknowledgement 6292617 We thank Elise Diard for her help in the development of the study website. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6292613 The NESS study is supported by a grant from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment Programme (reference: 08/116/68). Financial 6292612 We thank the participants and the study teams of CYD14 and 15 clinical trials. General acknowledgement 6292609 The work was partly supported by a research grant RB/18-19/CSE/002/INTI/ BRAV from Intel Technology India Pvt Ltd to BR. Financial 6292608 We thank the women and children who are participating in the PROMOTE study at each of the research sites. General acknowledgement 6292606 Like our previous work , this study was also supported by the CTC-VideoScope grant (Developing a method for real-time detection and isolation of circulating tumor cells from the bloodstream of cancer patients by means of image processing and pattern recognition) of the Ministry of National Education, project code PN-II-PT-PCCA-2013-4-2289, contract number 137/2014. Financial 6292601 Bachir Souley Kouato is a DVM, MSc, he conducted a PhD at the University of Liège and is currently affiliated to the INRAN. General statement 6292601 His research focuses on the molecular epidemiology and modelling the dynamic of spread of FMD in Niger. General statement 6292594 We are similarly grateful to the patients who took part in this study. General acknowledgement 6292593 The authors would like to thank all study participants and NHBS staff, especially Narquis Barak, Jeremy Beckford, and Marion Rorke. General acknowledgement 6292592 We acknowledge the time and trust from study participants and the assistance from hospital staff with completing the study. General acknowledgement 6292592 None of the authors involved in this study have any disclosures or conflicts of interest. Declaration 6292592 This study was partially supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) grant 2U01-AI069924 and the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; there was no additional external funding received for this study. Financial 6292591 Research reported in this publication was supported by Elite Researcher Grant Committee under award number 958696 from the National Institutes for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran. Financial 6292590 This investigation was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP25460989 to OK, JP17K09417 to RM-N, from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. Financial 6292583 This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant numbers P30 AI50410, R01 HD080485, F30 MH111370, T32 GM008719 and R25 TW009340). Financial 6292583 We would like to thank all “Option B+: ART Safety and Durability during First and Subsequent Pregnancies (S4)” study participants. General acknowledgement 6292582 The authors thank all the research staff for their team collaboration work and all the patients involved in this study for their cooperation and support. General acknowledgement 6292574 Fondecyt 3160328 to EYS-V and DID-UACh 2014–16 to JJN supported this research. Financial 6292570 We thank all individuals who volunteered to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 6292244 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the local health professionals, Department of Education, and participating schools for their assistance and support. General acknowledgement 6292244 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81673252) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China (grant number 2014A030313174). Financial 6292241 This research was supported in part by an internal grant from the School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan. Financial 6292231 AcknowledgmentsThis article is the result of the project “Research on the power structure of university governance,” supported by the National Office for Education Science Planning (No. Financial 6292231 The authors’ very special thanks go to all the research participants. General acknowledgement 6292110 FundingThis work was supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program (No. 2018SZ0388) and supported by “the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (NO. 2017SCU11049)”. Financial 6292105 Availability of data and materialThe 1000 Genomes Project Phase 3 dataset used for the current analyses is publicly available from The International Genome Sample Resource (http://www.internationalgenome.org/). Declaration 6292100 FundingThis work was supported by grants from the Regione Toscana (Italy), Progetti di Iniziativa Regionale (PIR) 2015 (‘Supporto al miglioramento della condizione di salute della popolazione del Chaco Boliviano’). Financial 6292100 Availability of data and materialsAll data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article. Declaration 6292098 This work was supported by IRD through Jeune Equipe de Recherche Associée (JEAI EpiReTryp), UMR INTERTRYP and the University of Dschang. Financial 6292098 Availability of data and materialsAll data generated and/or analyzed during this study are included in this article. Declaration 6292077 FundingThis paper was supported by the Key State Basic Research Development Program of China (2015CB964601, 2017YFA0104100, 2016YFA0101302), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (81670867, 81370999, 81372071, 81770942, 31201084), and Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning project (201640229), Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Grant (17ZR1431300), and the grant from Shanghai East Hospital ZJ2014-ZD-002. Financial 6292077 Availability of data and materialsRNA-seq data generated in the study can be accessed at the Gene Expression Omnibus under accession code GSE116955 and GSE116840 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE116955 and https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE116840). Declaration 6292069 Finally, I am also grateful to the supervisors and data collectors who have committed themselves throughout the study period and to all participants who were a volunteer to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 6292069 Availability of data and materialsThe original data from the survey is available from action for the early timing of antenatal care visit in an excel spreadsheet. Declaration 6292059 FundingThis work was supported by the Key Research & Development Program of Shandong Province (2017GSF218052) and Technology Development Plan Project of Jinan City (201704100). Financial 6292059 Availability of data and materialsData can be available through contact with the corresponding author. Declaration 6291991 FundingThis work was supported by the European Commission, contract SANCO/2006/FOOD SAFETY/032 and by the Italian Ministry of Health: Azioni Centrali, Programma CCM 2016 “Analisi epidemiologica di tre malattie infettive orfane: Trichinella, Listeria, Echinococcus”. Financial 6291991 Availability of data and materialsThe data supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article and its additional file. Declaration 6291985 We also thank all staff from the INI blood collection sector. General acknowledgement 6291985 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6291985 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6291985 FundingSupported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – FAPERJ; the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq; and Fiocruz. Financial 6291984 FundingThis study was supported by grants of the National Key Research and Development Programme of China (grant nos. 2017YFD0500400, 2017YFD0501200) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 81420108023, 81772219). Financial 6291984 Availability of data and materialsAll relevant data supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article. Declaration 6291975 FundingSpecimen collection and processing was supported by a grant from Hologic (Boston, MA, USA), and the UNC Gillings Innovation Laboratory through JSS. Financial 6291975 GM was a scholar in the International AIDS Research and Training Program, supported by the Fogarty International Center; NIH Research Grant D43 TW009580. Financial 6291975 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6291967 CD004089, DOI: 10oO.1002/14651858. General statement 6291967 Sohail Bampoe is supported by an award from the National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre. Financial 6291967 FundingNo funding to declare. Declaration 6291967 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6291965 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets used and analyzed during this current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6291955 FundingFunding for the development of this paper was through the WHO RHR Strengthening Family planning and Contraceptive services using WHO contraception guidelines -WHO FP-Umbrella project, supported by a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Financial 6291955 Availability of data and materialsThe data and material used in the analyses of the paper are available upon request from the authors. Declaration 6291946 Availability of data and materialsThis was an analysis of anonymised data collection which is only accessible to appropriately trained and authorised users. Declaration 6291880 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank all the SSD subjects who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6291863 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the test subjects for participating in the study. General acknowledgement 6291318 Funding: This work was supported, in part, by funding from Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) operating grants to B. C. (MOP-42462 and PJT-148658) and a CIHR Doctoral Research Award to C. W. B. Author contributions: J. L. M. V. G., C. W. B., and B. C. designed and conducted the study and wrote the manuscript. Financial 6291318 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6291318 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6291318 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6291315 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6291315 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6291315 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6291311 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6291311 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6291311 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6291309 The work of M. A. was also supported by an FRS-FNRS Postdoctoral Fellowship. Financial 6291309 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6291309 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6291309 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6291308 Funding: This study was supported by NSF (award no. 1743364) to H. O.d.l. I. and by the Department of Biology, University of Washington. Financial 6291308 G. P. D. was supported by the Riddiford-Truman Award. Financial 6291308 S. P. was supported by NIH (grant no. Financial 6291308 Competing interests: H. O.d.l. I. gave talks to school boards, superintendents, and other interest groups on the physiology of adolescent sleep. General statement 6291308 All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6291308 Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Declaration 6291308 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6291268 This research was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61201392),in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (No. 2015A030313497), and in part by the NSF140928 of the United States. Financial 6291267 This work was supported by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Financial 6291240 This work was supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada (AB). Financial 6291238 We would like to thank the neonatology consultants for participating in the implementation of this new procedure within the service. General acknowledgement 6291186 Additionally, this project was partially supported by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station with funding from the Hatch Act (Accession Number 1011290) through the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Financial 6291156 This study was supported by a Faculty Research Grant of Yonsei University College of Medicine for 2011 (6-2011-0218). Financial 6291143 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51375282), the Key Research and Development Plan of Shandong Province (2018GGX106001), and Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects of Shandong Science and Technology School (Nos. Financial 6291141 This research was supported, by grants from the Plant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy: A Joint Research Program of USDA and DOE (2009-65504-05767 and DE-SC0008462) and USDA McIntire Stennis Fund (Grant 1001498). Financial 6291138 This study is supported by grants approved by Council for the AIDS Trust Fund, the Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (MSS 230R and MSS 304R). Financial 6291137 (IJCI-2015-23158) and the Direcció General de Recerca of the Government of Catalonia through project 2014 SGR 01267. General statement 6291132 We are thankful to the Data Safety Monitoring Board and all the study volunteers. General acknowledgement 6291124 We express our special thanks to all the health centers in Bamako district for their assistance in the recruitment of patients, and also thank all the study volunteers for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6291121 The work was supported by DFGHE551 and the Jung Foundation, Hamburg. Financial 6291117 Kristen Goland served as Avangrid Renewable’s project manager and provided valuable support during study development. General statement 6291105 We thank all the volunteer participants for participating in the study. General acknowledgement 6291105 The authors have no financial or personal conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 6291100 This research was supported by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture. Financial 6291100 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Declaration 6291099 The authors would like to thank all the individuals in China who offered their time and energy to participate in this investigation. General acknowledgement 6291096 We also wish to thank the Norwegian Limb Deficiency Association and professionals in the Norwegian limb deficiency centers for their valuable help and participation. General acknowledgement 6291095 The authors declare no financial conflict of interest. Declaration 6291094 This work was supported by Skidmore College and conducted under Skidmore College IACUC protocol #134. Financial 6291091 This work was supported by the Nanolane company (Le Mans), Solvay company (Bordeaux), Alveole company (Paris), C-Nano PACA Network, Labex INFORM network, Centuri network, ANR Recrute grant, the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No713750. Financial 6291088 The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Declaration 6291085 We also thank all other horse owners and breeders for their participation in the study. General acknowledgement 6291084 This study was supported in part by the German Research Foundation (DFG, AL 1179/2-1). Financial 6291079 We are grateful to all patients who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6291079 MeetingsPart of this dataset has been previously presented at the 66th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in Baltimore, USA, 2017. Presentation 6291075 This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology . Financial 6289960 This study was supported by Inha University research grant. Financial 6289463 We would like to thank the respondents who generously participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6289463 We would like to acknowledge all the staff and volunteers who contributed in TME. General acknowledgement 6289452 We thank all the ENT surgeons, audiologist and patients who participated in the focus groups and interviews. General acknowledgement 6289452 The study was financially supported by the Stichting Het Heinsius-Houbolt Foundation. Financial 6289445 This work was supported by the China Scholarship Council (grant no. 201408260012) and the National Research Foundation of Korea under the auspices of the Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea (grant no. Financial 6289439 The authors would also like to thanks members of the Grown in Wales Study team who supported the collection of samples, biobanking and data acquisition. Financial 6289437 We are grateful to the 9 participating centres. General acknowledgement 6289434 This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31872555 and Grant No. 31472255). Financial 6289424 This work was supported in part by NSF grant DRL-1335843 (co-PIs E. A. Stuart and R. B. Olsen), PCORI grant ME-150227794 (co-PIs I. Dahabreh and E. A. Stuart), NIDA grant R01-DA036520 (PI R. Mojtabai), and NIAID grant R01AI100654 (PI S. R. Cole). Financial 6289416 This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 81330016, 81630038, 81771634), the Major State Basic Research Development Program (2017YFA0104200), grants from the Science and Technology Bureau of Sichuan Province (2016TD0002). Financial 6289413 Supported by the Graz University of Technology Open Access Publishing Fund. Financial 6289412 The authors gratefully acknowledge help of the participants in the study from both Brno University of Technology and Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology. General acknowledgement 6289226 This study was supported by the United States Agency for International Development Mission in Bangladesh through the Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia - Mechanization and Irrigation (CSISA-MI) project (MTO No. 069033), as well as the USAID and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation supported CSISA Phase II project (OPP1052535). Financial 6288970 FundingThis study was supported by the Chulalongkorn Academic Advancement Into Its 2nd Century Project. Financial 6288970 TO is supported by Thailand Research Fund (RSA6180019). Financial 6288970 NN is supported by the Ratchadapisek Sompote Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University. Financial 6288873 FundingWCS was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan (102-2811-B-002-124, 103-2811-B-002-040, 104-2811-B-002-046). Financial 6288873 YHC was supported by MOST (104-2314-B-002-119-MY3) and the Mrs. Hsiu-Chin Lee Kidney Research Foundation. Financial 6288154 FundingThis work was supported by the Research Grants Council (RGC/ECS 27103715 and RGC/GRF 17128816), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC/General Program 31571031), and the Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF 03143096). Financial 6288142 The present study was financially supported by research grants of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, number: 01GJ1011), the NOMIS foundation, and the children’s research center (CRC) of the University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. Financial 6288064 Source of financial support: This work was supported by a grant from the Medical Research Council Methodology Research Programme (grant no. Financial 6287899 This work was supported by a National Breast Cancer Foundation Australia postdoctoral fellowship (PF-15-014) to AKW, and a National Breast Cancer Foundation Australia practitioner fellowship to JLV; a Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Seed Grant and Monash Interdisciplinary Research Program Grant; the David and Lorelle Skewes Foundation, the Peter Mac Foundation, the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) APP1147498, and the National Cancer Institute (CA160890). Financial 6287880 N. S. acknowledges the use of resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6287880 and E. F. were supported by the Office of Naval Research under grant N00014-16-1-2008 (Vannevar Bush Faculty Fellowship). Financial 6287851 The authors declare no conflicts of financial, personal, or other interests. Declaration 6287850 The authors would like to thank the farmers that participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6287841 The authors give thanks to all individuals for their participation in the experiment. General acknowledgement 6287810 The authors gratefully acknowledge all the participants. General acknowledgement 6286574 DMB is a Canada Research Chair in Aging and Immunity. General statement 6286574 DJC is a Canada Research Chair in Knowledge Translation in Critical Care. General statement 6286574 MGS is a Canada Research Chair in Interdisciplinary Microbiome Research. General statement 6286553 Declare to Stem Cell Research & TherapyThe laboratory animals were handled in accordance with Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the Animal Welfare Act in China and approved by both the Navy General Hospital Standing Committee and the Department of Animal Resources. Declaration 6286364 We acknowledge with appreciation all the individuals with bipolar disorders and mentally healthy controls whose contributions made this work possible. General acknowledgement 6286364 We are deeply grateful to all the participants as well as to the physicians working on this project. General acknowledgement 6286178 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6286178 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6286171 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6286171 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6286170 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6286170 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6286169 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6286169 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6286165 P. M. is the JSPS International Research Fellow. General statement 6286165 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6286165 All data supporting the findings of this study are archived on storage drives located at NIST, NICT, LNE-SYRTE, and UMK and may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6286137 We are grateful to all the participating families in Norway who take part in this ongoing cohort study. General acknowledgement 6286132 This research was financially supported by the Golden Seed Project (Center for Horticultural Seed Development, grant no. 213007-05-3-CG100) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs in the Republic of Korea (MAFRA). Financial 6286023 The authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 6284281 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6283781 The authors would like to thank the participants in this study, and Dr. Colin Chalk for his support. General acknowledgement 6283634 Daniela Prócida Raggio is a recipient of the Research Productivity Scholarship–CNPq (303109/2012-2). Financial 6283633 ENCEPH-UK study group lead investigator Tom Solomon. General statement 6283629 We thankfully appreciate all the participants and their relatives in the study. General acknowledgement 6283628 We would like to thank all women who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6283606 The researchers wish to thank all the study participants. General acknowledgement 6283606 The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. Declaration 6283597 We would also like to thank all study participants and study research assistants. General acknowledgement 6283586 The authors would like to thank all patients and volunteers who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6283547 We also thank the participants of the GEDA2014/2015-EHIS survey. General acknowledgement 6283537 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Declaration 6283531 We would like to thank all the mothers and children for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6283465 We acknowledge the participation of 2 821 anonymous volunteers who made the experiments based on the platform possible. General acknowledgement 6282992 There are no conflicts of interest to be declared. Declaration 6282943 Additional gratitude is reserved for Janine Nauw, Johan Stapel, Steve Piontek, and volunteer divers Oscar Bos, Dahlia Hassell, Jarno Knijff, Ewan Tregarot, Lodewijk van Walraven, and Bas Westerhof. General acknowledgement 6282937 We thank all the patients who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6282634 Conflict of interest statementAll authors declare the following competing interest. Declaration 6282634 Allison Humphries has no competing interests. Declaration 6282537 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis research has been financially supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Swindon, UK; Studentship BB/L024497/1) and ADAMA Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd. (Thatcham, UK). Financial 6282346 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 6282100 P. C. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Senior International Research Scholar. General statement 6281607 The following investigators participated in the Frex Consortium General acknowledgement 6281434 Competing interests: All authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6281434 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6281433 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6281433 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6281432 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6281432 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6281431 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6281431 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6281430 CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving George Mason University, the University of Michigan (United States), and the University of Cambridge (United Kingdom). General statement 6281430 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6281430 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6281429 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6281429 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6281427 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6281427 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the corresponding authors. Declaration 6281284 We are grateful to the patients participating in the study and to their family members. General acknowledgement 6281271 We deeply appreciate the time and effort of participants in this study. General acknowledgement 6281270 K. D. Is a Wellcome Trust Tropical Fellow. General statement 6281259 Conflict of interestThe authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Declaration 6281255 Our thanks goes to district health offices and health centers directors for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6281239 We are extremely grateful to the parents and infants whose participation in this study made it possible. General acknowledgement 6281234 A previous version of this analysis was presented at the 19th International AIDS Conference in Washington, D. C. in July, 2012. Presentation 6281233 The authors thank the participants who offered their time to take part in this study. General acknowledgement 6281227 K. Abe is a Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. General statement 6281223 We would like to extend our thanks to all patients, healthcare staff and researchers who kindly took the time to participate in this project. General acknowledgement 6281222 We are indebted to the nurses, residents, and fellows from the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences at Yale New Haven Hospital and to all patients who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6281219 We are grateful to Entomology Technicians at the Vector Control Research Laboratory of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research and field workers that participated in the sample collection in Lagos, Ogun, Edo, Anambra, Niger and Kwara States. General acknowledgement 6281211 We would like to thank all the health staff and patients at 77 general hospitals who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6281202 Special thanks also go to the participants in this study. General acknowledgement 6281180 All necessary permits were obtained for the described study, which complied with all relevant regulations. Declaration 6280548 Competing interestsThe authors declare to have no competing of interests. Declaration 6280517 In particular, we thank all patients, their relatives and all local general practitioners who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6280504 The authors would like to thank all the patients in this study. General acknowledgement 6279455 The authors also would like to thank all the patients and their families for their cooperation and participation. General acknowledgement 6279219 We acknowledge the time and effort of all study participants. General acknowledgement 6279043 A previous version of this manuscript in reduced form was presented at the annual conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology in 2018 in Chicago, IL. Presentation 6278060 We are grateful to the President’s Malaria Initiative which financially supported this study. Financial 6278060 FundingThis study was financially supported by the US President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project (AIRS). Financial 6278037 FundingThis work was financially supported by the Manda Fermentation Co., Ltd. Financial 6277757 Portions of this project were presented at the Scientific and Technical Conference of the American Auditory Society (March 2017, Scottsdale AZ). Presentation 6277431 We are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them, and the whole ALSPAC team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists and nurses. General acknowledgement 6277431 We thank the study participants for their continuing participation in the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD). General acknowledgement 6277242 No external funding sources were granted, there are no conflicts of interest, and the results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by ACSM. Declaration 6277110 The authors are grateful to the members of the Shanghai Health and Family Planning Commission and to the individuals of the School of Public Health at Fudan University who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6277107 The research would not have been possible without the active involvement of the study participants who gave up their time to talk with us. General acknowledgement 6276625 Also, thanks to farmworkers of these villages for their willing participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6276272 Part of this work was presented at the 14th International Symposium on Human Chlamydial Infections, Woudschoten, Zeist, The Netherlands, July 1–6, 2018 (N. Borel, A. Pospischil, H. Marti, T. Pesch, B. Prähauser, R. Güttinger, S. Wunderlin, H. M. B. Seth-Smith, R. Flury: Chlamydia in intestinal biopsy samples). Presentation 6276251 Availability of data and materialsThe dataset generated and analysed during the current study is not publicly available due to confidentiality requirements, but is available in anonymized form from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6276152 FundingThis project was financially supported by grants from the Gottfried und Julia Bangerter-Rhyner Foundation, Bern, Switzerland, the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences (SAMW), Bern, Switzerland, the Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft (FAG), Basel, Switzerland and the Swiss Lung League, Berne, Switzerland. Financial 6276141 The authors declare that they have followed the protocols of their work center on the publication of patient data and that the patients included in the study have received sufficient information and given their informed consent in writing to participate in the study. Declaration 6275530 Finally, we thank all Alice Challenge players for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6275529 M. C. N. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. General statement 6275525 N. P. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. General statement 6275522 R. K. is a John L. Roach Scholar in Biomedical Research and a Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas Scholar in Cancer Research. General statement 6272054 Competing financial interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest. Declaration 6271567 We thank all the peer researchers for believing in this project and participating whole-heartedly. General acknowledgement 6269482 This work was financially supported by a Tri-Service Nursing Research Program Grant #: N16-P14. Financial 6269482 K. D. R. is a Jonas Scholar (2016-2018) and is supported by the Jonas Center for Nursing and Veterans Healthcare. General statement 6269160 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6269160 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6269158 This project is headed by K. K. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6269158 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6269156 Competing interests: L. A. is a founder and member of the board of directors of NOHMs Technologies. General statement 6269156 The authors declare no other competing interests. Declaration 6269156 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6267891 FundingThis research was financially supported by the IEC and by the Programa de Apoio à Publicação Qualificada (Edital 01/2018 PROPESP/UFPA). Financial 6267712 Part of this study was presented in Oral Presentation format at 23rd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, Dublin, Ireland, 4–7 July 2018 (Session-ID: OP-PM80). Presentation 6267550 Part of this work was presented at the International Conference on Thinking 2016. Presentation 6267053 Competing of interestsThe authors declared that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6266478 AcknowledgmentsThe HITS-p investigators include Kate Dolan, Paul Haber, William Rawlinson, Carla Treloar, Greg Dore, Lisa Maher, and Andrew Lloyd and Fabio Luciani. General statement 6265272 We are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them and the whole ALSPAC team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists and nurses. General acknowledgement 6265272 This study was presented as an abstract at the International Society for Autism Research meeting, San Francisco, CA, 10–13 May, 2017. Presentation 6264906 U. S. S. is a member of the cluster of excellence CellNetworks and of the Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR) at Heidelberg. General statement 6264873 AutoMS group investigatorsAutoMS group is a group of centers studying autonomy preferences, risk knowledge and decision making performance in MS patients (AutoMS) within the European Network of Rehabilitation in MS (RIMS) Centers. General statement 6264873 Other centers and investigators: General statement 6264867 DETECT (Diabetes Cardiovascular Risk-Evaluation: Targets and Essential Data for Commitment of Treatment) is a cross-sectional and prospective-longitudinal, nationwide clinical epidemiological study. General statement 6264867 Members of the DETECT-Study group include: Principal investigator: Professor Dr. H.-U. General statement 6264867 Steering Committee: Professor Dr. H. Lehnert (Lübeck), Professor Dr. G. K. Stalla (München), Professor Dr. A. M. Zeiher (Frankfurt); Advisory Board: Professor Dr. W. März (Heidelberg/Graz), Professor Dr. S. Silber (München), Professor Dr. Dr. U. Koch-Gromus (Hamburg), Professor Dr. D. Pittrow (München/Dresden), Professor Dr. M. Wehling (Mannheim), Dr. D. Leistner (Frankfurt), Professor Dr. H. J. Schneider (München), Dr. C. Sievers (München). General statement 6264836 Portions of this study were presented at the Annual Meeting of the Central Surgical Association (March 5–7, 2015 in Chicago, IL) and at the Military Health Systems Research Symposium (August 17–20, 2015 in Ft. Lauderdale, FL). Presentation 6264822 The study was partially published as an abstract in the Proceedings of the 1st Meeting of Progress in Clinical Motor Control: Neurorehabilitation (University Park, PA). Presentation 6264820 We thank the women volunteers that participated the study and wish them the best of health. General acknowledgement 6264800 The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 6264522 This study was financially supported by General Supportive Grant, Khon Kaen University, Thailand 2019 (Grant number: 6200039). Financial 6264515 ML and HMD are staff members, PC is a postdoctoral fellow and FJE is a doctoral fellow from The Argentinean National Research Council (CONICET). General statement 6264491 The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 6264478 We are thankful to all study volunteers participating in this trial and to the study teams at MUHAS, Dar es Salam, and NIMR-MMRC, Mbeya, Tanzania and at CISPOC, Maputo, Mozambique. General acknowledgement 6264478 Data from this study was presented in part at the 2016 HIV Research for Prevention conference, Chicago, USA. Presentation 6264478 Abstract PD01.03. General statement 6263084 AcknowledgmentsThe authors volunteered their time for this study. General acknowledgement 6262171 AcknowledgmentsWe thank each of our participants for volunteering to take part in this study. General acknowledgement 6261659 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6261659 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6261658 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6261657 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6261657 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6261656 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6261656 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6261655 Competing interests: L. Z., W. W., Y. Y., J. C., and S. L. are inventors on a provisional patent application related to this work (no. General statement 6261655 All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6261655 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6261653 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6261652 T. P. H. is an NHMRC Practitioner Fellow and M. W. P. is an NHMRC Research Fellow. General statement 6261652 Competing interests: D. M. R. receives honorarium and research funding from Novartis. Financial 6261652 All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6261652 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6261651 Competing interests: EpiCypher is commercializing use cases of OPL-related platforms similar to those reported in this study. General statement 6261651 All authors declare that they have no other competing interests. Declaration 6261651 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6261648 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6261648 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6261642 The authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 6261559 All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests. Declaration 6261558 This study was financially supported by “Research Program on Health and Environmental Safety” (to Dr. N. Suzuki) in National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan. Financial 6261552 A. G. is a researcher from UNAM, México. General statement 6261460 Gesine Hansen is a member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) within the Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH). General statement 6261410 The AIF is a member of the North Carolina Research Triangle Nanotechnology Network, a site in the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure. General statement 6261409 We thank the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) for financially supporting this research and three anonymous reviewers for their invaluable feedback on an earlier version. Financial 6261389 The authors declare no conflicts of interest and they did not receive any research funding for this project. Declaration 6261110 The authors would like to express no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6261106 We are grateful to the volunteers who involved in this study. General acknowledgement 6261106 We also thank the staff at the CITIC-Xiangya IVF center for their cooperation throughout the study. General acknowledgement 6261061 The principle investigators/Lead Authors for the inSCALE study Group are James Tibenderana (j.tibenderana@malariaconsortium.org), Sylviah Meek (n/a: deceased), and Betty Kirkwood (betty.kirkwood@lshtm.ac.uk). General statement 6261017 Sewoong Kang is a lead author for the committee (E-mail: kangsewoong@gmail.com). General statement 6260891 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6260876 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6260876 FundingThis work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 91317312, 31570372 and 9141730003), National Key Research and Development Program-Seven major crops breeding Project (Grant 2016YFD0101803) and Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (Grants 13K065, 15K061). Financial 6260721 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6260567 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6260274 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to express their gratitude to the volunteer healthcare professionals from collaborating health centres Nijkerk (De Nije Veste and Corlaer) and participants involved in the Nijkerk challenge. General acknowledgement 6259462 Competing interests None declared. Declaration 6259460 The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare Declaration 6258532 This work is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation (91746201, 71621001). Financial 6258532 The authors declares that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper. Declaration 6258477 This research was financially supported by Chevron Corporation, Colorado Field Ornithologists, the Warner College of Natural Resources, and the Graduate Degree Program in Ecology at Colorado State University. Financial 6258369 Conflict of interestThe authors declare there is no conflict of interest. Declaration 6258232 We are grateful to all the volunteers who took part in the study. General acknowledgement 6258131 Conflicts of interestWe have no conflicts to declare. Declaration 6257953 NoneVideo abstractsPart 1: Why is knowledge translation in Indigenous research important? General statement 6257941 Conflict of interest statementThe authors declare there is no conflict of interest. Declaration 6257936 There were no financial conflicts of interests among any of the authors. Declaration 6257920 This effort would not be possible without the collective effort of dozens of dedicated wildlife professionals. General acknowledgement 6256814 We would like to thank all the patients and their families for kindly participating in our study. General acknowledgement 6256333 Some of the information in this paper was presented in abstract form at the 77th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, and this abstract was published in the journal Diabetes . Presentation 6256331 E. B. is a PhD candidate supported by the Psoriasis Association. General statement 6254247 The authors thank all of the owners, managers and mahouts at the elephant camps for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6252064 We are grateful to all volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6251940 A preliminary version of this study was presented as a poster at the Annual Congress of the Korean Prostate Society, Republic of Korea, March 2014, and the fourth Congress of Asian Pacific Prostate Society, Japan, March 2014. Presentation 6251856 DisclosuresAllan H. Morton serves as a consultant for Amgen, Horizon, Ironwood, Pfizer, and Sanofi Regeneron and is a speaker for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Horizon, Ironwood, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. General statement 6251854 Shahin Jamal has served on the advisory boards of Roche, Amgen, AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Celgene, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, Sanofi, Janssen, and UCB. General statement 6251854 Vandana Ahluwalia has served as a consultant or on advisory boards for Amgen, AbbVie, Janssen, Roche, Pfizer, Novartis, Sanofi, Merck, Eli Lilly, and Hospira. General statement 6251854 Majed Khraishi has served as a consultant to Amgen, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, and Novartis. General statement 6251851 Laura C. Coates is a member of the speakers’ bureau for Pfizer Inc. General statement 6251851 Keith S. Kanik is a shareholder and employee of Pfizer Inc. General statement 6251851 Cunshan Wang is a shareholder and employee of Pfizer Inc. General statement 6251851 Joseph Wu is a shareholder and employee of Pfizer Inc. General statement 6251851 Sujatha Menon is a shareholder and employee of Pfizer Inc. General statement 6251851 William C. Ports is a shareholder and employee of Pfizer Inc. General statement 6251851 Data may be requested from Pfizer trials 24 months after study completion. Declaration 6251850 Data may be requested from Pfizer trials 24 months after study completion. Declaration 6251849 Medical writing assistance, supported financially by Boehringer Ingelheim, was provided by Liam Sebag Montefiore of Watermeadow, and Christina Jennings of GeoMed, Ashfield companies, part of UDG Healthcare plc. Financial 6251846 Désirée van der Heijde is a consultant for Pfizer Inc. General statement 6251846 Ermeg Akylbekova is a consultant for Pfizer Inc from Quintiles Inc. General statement 6251844 The authors wish to thank the patients and their families and study personnel who participated in these clinical trials. General acknowledgement 6251844 Data AvailabilityLilly provides access to relevant anonymized patient level data from studies on approved medicines and indications as defined by the sponsor specific information on clinicalstudydatarequest.com. Declaration 6251843 DisclosuresKurt De Vlam is a consultant for Eli Lilly and Company, UCB, Pfizer, AbbVie, Celgene, Novartis, J&J, Bristol Myers Squibb and a speaker for for Pfizer, Celgene, Novartis, J&J. General statement 6251843 Joseph F. Merola is a consultant for Biogen IDEC, AbbVie, Eli Lilly and Company, Novartis, Pfizer, Janssen, UCB, Samumed, Science 37, Celgene, Sanofi Regeneron, Merck, GSK, and a speaker for AbbVie. General statement 6251843 Julie Birt is a full-time employee and stockholder of Eli Lilly and Company. General statement 6251843 David Sandoval is a full-time employee and stockholder of Eli Lilly and Company. General statement 6251843 Steve Lobosco is a full-time employee of Adelphi Real World. General statement 6251843 Rachel Moon is a full-time employee of Adelphi Real World. General statement 6251843 Gary Milligan is a full-time employee of Adelphi Real World. General statement 6251842 All data provided is anonymized to respect the privacy of patients who have participated in the trial in line with applicable laws and regulations. Declaration 6251842 The data may be requested from the corresponding author of the manuscript. Declaration 6251841 Vibeke Strand is a consultant for Flexion Therapeutics, Inc., AbbVie, EMD Serono, Eupraxia, Novartis, Samumed, Servier, and SKK. General statement 6251839 J. M. Kremer is an employee and shareholder of Corrona, LLC, is a consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, Inc., GSK, Lilly, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Sanofi, and has received research support from AbbVie, Genentech, Inc., Lilly, Novartis, and Pfizer. General statement 6251838 Walsh is a consultant for Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. General statement 6251837 DisclosuresDavid M Kern is a former employee of HealthCore, Inc. General statement 6251837 Kalyani Sonawane is a former employee of HealthCore, Inc. General statement 6251837 Lawrence Chang is a former employee of Eli Lilly and Company. General statement 6251837 Cynthia J Larmore is a former employee and stock owner of Eli Lilly and Company. General statement 6251837 Natalie N Boytsov is a employee/stock owner of Eli Lilly and Company. General statement 6251832 Prior PresentationThe results of the study were presented as a poster communication at XIV Congress of the Spanish Society of Pain (Sociedad Española del Dolor, SED), June 1–3 June, 2017. Presentation 6251830 Tong Joo Gan, Robert S. Epstein, and Peter G. Whang have served as consultants to Trevena, Inc. General statement 6251830 Megan L. Leone-Perkins is a consultant to HealthiVibe, LLC, and received compensation for her time and support associated with the research. General statement 6251830 Data AvailabilityThe datasets generated during the current study can be requested from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6251829 He declares no income, dividend or financial benefits from the work presented here. Declaration 6251722 The other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6251722 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6251721 Competing interests: R. M. W. and H. G. P. are inventors on a patent application related to this work for the manufacturing of patterned graphene based on BCP nanolithography (no. General statement 6251721 The authors declare that they have no other competing interests. Declaration 6251721 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6251720 The other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6251720 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6251719 Funding: This research was financially supported, in part, by the U. S. Department of Energy through NETL (grant no. Financial 6251719 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6251719 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from J. D. (Junhang.dong@uc.edu). Declaration 6251344 This research project would not have been possible without their participation, diligence, professionalism, and dedication. General acknowledgement 6251122 (Project title: “Effective preconception care for women with low health literacy” project code 209040006). General statement 6250280 G. M. has been on the Advisory Boards of Allergan and Almirall, she has received grants to the Medical University of Vienna by AbbVie, Vifor, Almirall, Merck, Falk, Yakult, Sanova, Danone, and she has been on the speakers bureaus for Falk, Peri Consulting, Henrich Communication, Milton Erickson Institut Austria, Wirtschaftskammer Austria, and Gebro. General statement 6249926 Community Action Against Asthma (CAAA) is a community-based participatory research partnership that consists of the following organizations: Arab American Center for Community and Social Services, Community Health and Social Services Center Inc., Detroit Hispanic Development Corporation, Detroiters Working for Environmental Justice, Eastside Community Network, Friends of Parkside, Southwest Detroit Environmental Vision, and faculty from the University of Michigan School of Medicine and the School of Public Health and a community asthma activist. General statement 6249405 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6248983 We would like to thank the participants in this study and the community advisory board members who endorsed this study. General acknowledgement 6248978 We thank contributors, including the Brain Tumor Center of Yonsei Severance Hospital staff members who collected samples used in this study, as well as patients and their families. General acknowledgement 6248967 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6248953 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6248953 Additional data and source codes related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6248951 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Declaration 6248949 The authors wish to express our gratitude to all the participants for their cooperation in this study. General acknowledgement 6248940 Previous presentations: Parts of the results of this study was presented at the European Society of Cardiology Scientific Congress; August 26 to 30, 2017; Barcelona, Spain. Presentation 6248939 The authors are grateful to the nurses and physicians who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6248929 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6248929 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6248927 Projahnmo is a research partnership of Johns Hopkins University (JHU) with the Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) and other Bangladeshi institutions including ICDDR,B, Shimantik, Sylhet M A G Osmani Medical College Hospital (SOMCH), Banghabandhu Shaik Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), and Child Health Research Foundation (CHRF). General statement 6248919 Disclosures: KVS is a consultant for Neuralink Inc. and on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Cognescent Inc. and Heal Inc. General statement 6248919 JMH is a consultant for Circuit Therapeutics and Enspire DBS and is on the Surgical Advisory board of Neuropace Inc. General statement 6248912 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6248912 Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. Declaration 6248911 102215/2/13/2) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. General statement 6248911 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6248226 AcknowledgmentsThe authors should like to thank all the patients and their families who enthusiastically took part in this study, as well as the liver transplant team, Liver Transplant Commission, and the Liver Clinic staff for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6245880 Data sharingAnonymized individual participant data and study documents can be requested for further research from www.clinicalstudydatarequest.com. Declaration 6245877 Financial disclosureNo financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. Declaration 6245799 Notation of prior abstract publication/presentationEvidence of Clinical COPD in Smokers with Airway Obstruction Diagnosed with FEV1/FVC Ratio of Less than 0.70 but Not Less than Predicted Lower Limit of Normal. General statement 6245799 Presented at the American Thoracic Society International Conference, May 19, 2015, Denver, CO, USA. Presentation 6245710 Availability of data and materialsGSK makes available anonymized individual participant data and associated documents from interventional clinical studies which evaluate medicines, upon approval of proposals submitted to www.clinicalstudydatarequest.com. Declaration 6245527 FundingThis study was financially supported by the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (VWS). Financial 6244568 Competing interestsThe authors declare that there is no competing interest. Declaration 6242684 We thank the participants, phlebotomists, employee health staff, and the HMH TB Molecular laboratory technicians without whom this study would not be possible. General acknowledgement 6241532 The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Declaration 6241115 The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6240641 Portions of these data were presented at the Epidemiology Congress of the Americas Conference, June 21–24, 2016, Miami, Florida. Presentation 6240623 The authors declare no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise. Declaration 6240423 S. is a consultant of TransMIT GmbH. General statement 6240423 DRB is a part-time employee of TransMIT GmbH. General statement 6240423 Moreover, the authors declare that the study complies with the Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Declaration 6240274 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6240265 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6239431 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6239428 All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6239328 The authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 6239311 The authors wish to thank the members of this Association and all their volunteers in and around Salou for their enthusiastic support of our research. General acknowledgement 6238312 FundingThis work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81771527), Social Development Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (No. Financial 6238282 However, they may be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and on submission of proposal which will need approval by the relevant ethics committee. Declaration 6238276 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6237400 The authors declare that there were no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6237396 PSB is a CNPq researcher fellow (311641/2015-6). General statement 6237370 The authors declare no conflicting interests regarding the conduct of this study. Declaration 6237362 The authors have no conflicts of interest in regard to this study. Declaration 6237352 None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 6237330 This study was financially supported by the National Centre of Science, Poland (Grant 2015/19/B/NZ9/01038). Financial 6237324 We would like to thank the following volunteers for invaluable assistance in the field: Gladys Chua, Rachael Payne, Matthew McIntosh, Julia Hazel, Courtney Middleton, and Jessica Murphy. General acknowledgement 6236889 Competing interestsThe authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 6235668 N. P. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6235540 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6235539 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6235527 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6235526 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6235523 The authors declare no other competing interests. Declaration 6235520 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6235352 Part of the analysis and results presented here were previously presented in abstract form at ASN Kidney Week 2016. Presentation 6235267 The authors thank our research participants; the Undergraduate Advisory Board; Columbia University, and the entire SHIFT team who contributed to the development and implementation of this ambitious effort, including SHIFT project director Leigh Reardon and research staff members Karimata Bah, Stephanie Benson, Matthew Chin, Megan Kordenbrock and Alexander Wamboldt. General acknowledgement 6235254 This work was approved by the relevant ethics committee at Lancaster University and complied with the current laws of the UK. Declaration 6234904 B. is a scholar of Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 6234859 C. L. Z. is a W. W. Caruth, Jr. General statement 6234591 This project would not have been possible without the participation of the respondents. General acknowledgement 6234578 Availability of data and materialsAll relevant data supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article. Declaration 6234495 Conflicts of interestNone. Declaration 6234473 There are no potential financial, personal or professional conflicts of interest. Declaration 6234037 This study was financially supported by the Project of National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31772629 and No. 31702302), Beijing Municipal Education Commission Project (SQKM201710020011), Open Project Program of Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, the National Key Research and Development Plan (2016YFD0700205, 2016YFD0700201, 2017YFD0701604). Financial 6233696 This project was not financially supported by any external sources and was fully funded by the Department of Surgery, Frankston Hospital. Declaration 6233360 FundingThe authors declare no financial support. Declaration 6233128 D. C. R. is an investigator at Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6233066 Y. N. J. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6231631 Elements of this study were presented at the 17th International Vasculitis & ANCA Workshop, April 19–22, 2015, London, UK; and have been published in part in abstract form. Presentation 6231253 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6227845 We thank the patients and their families for their active cooperation. General acknowledgement 6227840 This study was partially financially supported by the Grant No 175007 given by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia. Financial 6227813 AURAH advisory board: Lorraine Sherr, Graham Hart, Simon Collins, Anne Johnson, Alec Miners and Jonathan Elford. General statement 6227813 AURAH2 advisory board: Lorraine Sherr, Graham Hart, ValerieDelpech, Simon Collins, Anne Johnson, Susan Michie, Jonathan Elford. General statement 6226284 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6226283 The authors declare no other competing interests. Declaration 6226281 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6226279 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6226210 We thank all the patients and their families, who participated in the trial, and all the investigators and staff who contributed their time and effort to this study. General acknowledgement 6226081 This paper was presented at the 15th World Congress of the International Menopause Society in Prague, Czech Republic. Presentation 6225959 L. A. Peyré-Tartaruga is an established investigator of the Brazilian Research Council (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil. General statement 6225939 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe would like to acknowledge the following student volunteers who assisted with this research study: Leah Moravec, Erich Weidenbener, Haseeb Mohideen, Eric Medrano, Ben Bacon, Kim Bambach, Christian Duncheon, Andrew John, Aaron Martin, Braden Schuster and Analisia Stewart. General acknowledgement 6225835 The authors would like to thank all volunteers. General acknowledgement 6224480 Declaration of InterestsThe authors declare that they have no competing financial interests. Declaration 6224175 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6224100 Special thanks go to entire study subjects who volunteered for the study. General acknowledgement 6224096 This work was presented in preliminary form at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Boston, 2017. Presentation 6224074 We would like to thank all the patients, their families, and the helpful staff at all study sites. General acknowledgement 6224069 All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6224054 We appreciate for the cooperation all the volunteered patients and the stuff working in the outpatient center and in-patient department had given us. General acknowledgement 6224034 We thank all the patients for participating in the study. General acknowledgement 6224021 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6223965 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6223961 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6223350 Competing interests: the authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6223009 Achiau Ludomirsky MD is Chairman of the Clinical Advisory Board for ClearLine MD. General statement 6222175 Conflict of interestThe authors have no conflict or competing interests to declare. Declaration 6221542 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6221541 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6221540 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6221539 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6221538 Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6221338 This work was financially supported by FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation) grant number 2015/09704-6 and by CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) grant number 165802/2015-4. Financial 6221307 This study was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation in Jiangsu province (BK20181453), the Scientific and Technological Innovation Cultivated Foundation of Yangzhou University (#2016CXJ069), China Agriculture Research System (CARS-41), Jiangsu Agriculture Research System (JATS303), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education institutions. Financial 6221298 The authors would like to thank all participants, their parents, and the Netherlands Table Tennis Association for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6221291 We would like to thank the facility owners and operators for their cooperation and participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6221284 This research was financially supported by the National Oil and Gas Major Project (2016ZX05047-003, 2016ZX05014002-006), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41572124, 41628201, 51774317) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (17CX05010, 18CX02100A). Financial 6221277 This project would have been impossible without the support of the Hevesy laboratory at the Technical University of Denmark, Center for Nuclear Technologies. General acknowledgement 6221273 The authors thank the study participants for their cooperation and active participation in the study. General acknowledgement 6221272 The authors wish to express their gratitude to the nongovernmental organizations and their volunteers for participating in this research study. General acknowledgement 6221267 We are grateful to all the staff, interns, and volunteers at SANCCOB who have made this study possible. General acknowledgement 6221267 The African Penguin Chick Bolstering Project is a collaboration between SANCCOB, Bristol Zoological Society, the Animal Demography Unit (University of Cape Town), South African Department of Environmental Affairs—Oceans and Coasts, CapeNature, Robben Island Museum, and South African National Parks. General statement 6219767 The authors sincerely thanks to the volunteer students for their participation and to University of Guarulhos for their partnership. General acknowledgement 6219256 This work was financially supported by KAKENHI, from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (Grant Number JP15K09345 to M. S.), the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) (Grant Numbers 16ek0109026h0003 and 16ek0109010h0003 to M. S.). Financial 6219159 All volunteers who participated in this study and all members of the study team are greatly acknowledged. General acknowledgement 6219157 This study was presented at the 15th World Congress on Public Health, Australia, April 3–7, 2017. Presentation 6218072 The authors acknowledge Dr Jace Drain for his assistance with data collection along with the soldier participants who volunteered their time to participate. General acknowledgement 6218048 The study was financially supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) , Brain Canada , and Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) . Financial 6218040 The study was financially supported by the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM-Belgium). Financial 6215654 AL and RAA are members of the Carrera del Investigador Científico del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas of Argentina (CONICET). General statement 6214651 We also thank the study volunteers for their time and participation, the Emmes Corporation, the VRC, NIAID, and supporting staff who have made this work possible. General acknowledgement 6214643 Funding: This work was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (grant nos. 2018YFA0305604, 2013CB934600, 2017YFA0303300, and 2015CB921102), the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (grant no. 20130001110003), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants nos. 11774008, 11534001, 11674028, 11504008, 51390474, and 11234011), the Open Project Program of the Pulsed High Magnetic Field Facility (grant no. Financial 6214261 This paper is based on the keynote address delivered at the annual conference of the Swiss Society for Economics and Statistics in Lausanne in June 2017. Presentation 6212697 All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6211761 This study was also financially supported by BELSPO (IUAP 7/05), the Francqui Foundation, and the University of Namur. Financial 6211742 We are exceptionally grateful to patients and their families. General acknowledgement 6211691 Natsal-3 is a collaboration between University College London, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, National Centre for Social Research, Public Health England, and the University of Manchester. General statement 6211264 MLG, CG, EC, and HH are members of CONICET, Argentina. General statement 6209336 This study was financially supported by a National Research Foundation grant (NRF-2015R1D1A1A02062166) funded by the Korean government (MEST). Financial 6209234 NDAR is a collaborative informatics system created by the National Institutes of Health to provide a national resource to support and accelerate research in autism. General statement 6209221 *ANFFAS Onlus from: Desenzano, Messina, Patti and Trentino; Ass. General statement 6209211 We would like also to thank administration faculty, in particular, school social workers “Rabars” at participants’ high schools in Erbil city, for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6209204 We thank the Bipolar Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) for providing access to the relevant data. Declaration 6209185 None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 6209147 We acknowledge the participation of 324 anonymous volunteers who made this research possible. General acknowledgement 6209070 The abstract is available online here: http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1135113&dswid=-5326. Presentation 6208933 The authors also thank all the study participants, District Health Office of Pekalongan, and Public Health Centers for their cooperation in facilitating our study. General acknowledgement 6208757 Marta Gmurek was financially supported by the Mobility Plus (Project No. 1650/MOB/V/2017/0) funded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Financial 6208587 We wish to thank the students who participated in the study as well as the teachers and principals of the participating secondary schools for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6206739 COPDGene® Investigators Core Units: Administrative Center: James D. Crapo, MD (PI); Edwin K. Silverman, MD, PhD (PI); Barry J. Make, MD; Elizabeth A. Regan, MD, PhD. General statement 6205798 Patricia Alarcon-Valdes is a Master’s student from Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico. General statement 6205798 Availability of data and materialsAll relevant data supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article. Declaration 6205493 We thank the patients and their families as well as all of the investigators and their staff involved in PCD4989g, FIR, BIRCH, and POPLAR. General acknowledgement 6205462 (ERC StG 677278 TEMPDEP). General statement 6205453 This paper is financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China Grants 2017YFA0505500 and 2018YFC0116600; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Grant XDB13040700; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant 15H05707; WPI, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan; National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants 91530320, 11322111, 11771010, and 61773125; and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality Grant 18DZ1201000. Financial 6204000 We are grateful to the study volunteers and residents of Butemba, Kyankwanzi District in Uganda for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6203996 FundingThis study was financially supported by a GOA BOF 2015 grant (No. 30729) of the University of Antwerp. Financial 6203896 AcknowledgmentThis work was financially supported by University of Tabriz. Financial 6203374 The authors are grateful to the Head, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow and authors would also like to thanks to the fishermen for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6203256 These potential conflicts of interest have been disclosed and are being managed by Georgia Tech and/or Emory University. Declaration 6202863 FundingThis work was supported by the project NETDIAMOND (SAICTPAC/0047/2015) financially supported by FEEI – Lisboa2020 and FCT/POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016385; and iNOVA4Health - UID/Multi/04462/2013, financially supported by FCT/Ministério da Educação e Ciência, and co-funded by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. Financial 6202827 FundingThis work is financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China, Taiwan, under project number MOST-104-2320-B-010-009-MY3 (H.-S. Financial 6202021 AcknowledgmentsThis work was financially supported by the Pasteur Institute of Iran. Financial 6201994 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Singapore Trauma and Acute Care Conference 2018 as only a poster presentation with our interim findings. Presentation 6201963 This study would not have been possible without the support from the residents of Thin Keo, Silalek, and Houayhoy village. General acknowledgement 6201946 The authors would like to acknowledge staff from the northern zone blood transfussion center for their cooperation and support during conducting this study. General acknowledgement 6201020 AcknowledgmentWe would like to thank our patients and their families who participated in the research helpfully and devotedly without expecting material compensation. General acknowledgement 6200274 This work was financially supported by grant 106-S3382, National Taiwan University Hospital, and grant 106-2314-B-002-139-MY3, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, to RHY, and this manuscript was edited by Wallace Academic Editing. Financial 6200267 The authors would like to thank the volunteers and the Valencian Federation of Judo (FJYDACV) for their contributions to this study. General acknowledgement 6200188 This study would not have been possible without the collaboration of the different stakeholders, specifically the Arab men who participated in the study groups and phases. General acknowledgement 6200185 We thank all the patients and volunteers who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6200081 Penthrox® is a registered trademark of Medical Developments International Limited. General statement 6200070 Finally, thanks to all the participants who contributed to enriching our knowledge about their experience. General acknowledgement 6200067 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians Annual Meeting (Quebec City, Quebec, Canada) in June 2016 as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6200067 The poster’s abstract was published in “Poster Abstracts” in the Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine.27 Presentation 6199745 SK is financially supported by sub-award no. Financial 6199745 SK is also financially supported by a direct grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Investment ID: OPP1191423). Financial 6198970 This work was presented, in part, at the 9th IAS Conference on HIV Science, Paris, France, 23–26 July 2017. Presentation 6198967 The HUNT Study is a collaborative effort between HUNT Research Centre (Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Nord-Trøndelag County Council, Central Norway Health Authority, and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. General statement 6198957 Data collection for this study would not have been possible without the long hours of observation and preparation performed by veterinarians, zoo keepers, condor field biologists, technicians, and interns from the Los Angeles Zoo and Botanical Gardens, Pinnacles National Park, and Ventana Wildlife Society. General acknowledgement 6198431 The Implications of Insecticide Resistance Consortium is a multi-country collaboration. General statement 6198431 10 Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Winchesterstr. General statement 6198431 11National Reference Unit (NRU) for Vector Control, The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 3851, Messa, Yaounde, Cameroon. General statement 6198431 12Laboratory of General Biology, University of Yaounde I, P. O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon. General statement 6197658 There are no conflicts of interest to report. Declaration 6196530 L. L. is a HHMI Investigator. General statement 6195881 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis article describes the content of the 12th International Conference and 5th Asian Congress on Environmental Mutagens (ICEM-ACEM 2017) with the 33rd Annual Meeting of KSOT/KEMS in Incheon, Korea. Presentation 6195293 When partially completed this study was presented as a poster at Infectious Disease Week, New Orleans, 28 October 2016. Presentation 6195273 This work was presented in part at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for AIDS Research; December 3–5, 2014; Osaka, Japan (abstract O33-179). Presentation 6194921 Parts of this research were presented at the 6th International Symposium on Auditory and Audiological Research, Nyborg, Denmark, August 23–25, 2017. Presentation 6193655 This study was financially supported by the National 12th Five-Year Scientific and Technological Support Plan (Grant no. 2015BAD07B06), and the Nonprofit Industry Special Research Fund of the State Forestry Administration of China (Grant no. 201104045). Financial 6193295 FundingThis work was financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81773207, 61573251), the Science and Technology Support Key Program of Tianjin (17YFZCSY00840), the Tianjin Key Project of Natural Science Foundation (16JCZDJC34200), and the Special support program for High Tech Leader & Team of Tianjin. Financial 6193216 AcknowledgmentThis work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation through the program to improve the competitiveness of RUDN University among the world’s leading research and education centers in 2016–2020. Financial 6192686 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all the patients and their families for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6192556 We thank all the patients, who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6192507 AcknowledgmentThe authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study. Declaration 6192505 The authors have no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6192491 A. T. is a member of advisory board for Janssen-Cilag. General statement 6192490 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the patients and healthy volunteers for their support and participation. General acknowledgement 6192473 The authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study. Declaration 6192467 AcknowledgmentsThe authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study. Declaration 6191090 This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51579070, 51879076), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2018B634X14), the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX18_0628) and the Advanced Science and Technology Innovation Team in Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province. Financial 6191080 The authors would like to thank the healthy volunteers, subjects, and clinical staff at the study centers. General acknowledgement 6190751 SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. General statement 6190636 The abstract of this paper was presented at the ICS as an eposter presentation. Presentation 6190636 Both the abstract and eposter are available on the congress website at https://www.ics.org/2018/abstract/154. Presentation 6188865 FdZ is a Senior Investigator of the Clinical Research Fund of the Leuven University Hospital, Belgium. General statement 6188865 L. I. is a Clinical Investigator of CIBERDEM (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders), from Carlos III National Institute of Health, Spain. General statement 6188789 The authors are grateful to all participants for their cooperation and contribution to the article. General acknowledgement 6188777 This work was financially supported by the grants (Contract No. Financial 6188699 This study was financially supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF P25894 and FWF I1644 to F. M.), the Hungarian Science Fund (OTKA ANN 110821 to G. B.) and ITC investment grant (TÁMOP-4.2.1. Financial 6188626 The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest concerning the research, authorship, and publication of this article. Declaration 6188626 Partial results from this study were presented at the 37th annual meeting of the Japanese Society for Social Psychiatry (on March 2, 2017, Osaka). Presentation 6187201 W. G. K. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. General statement 6187163 J. L. D. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and F. C. S. is a Faculty Scholar of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6187131 R. M. E. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Salk Institute and the March of Dimes Chair in Molecular and Developmental Biology. General statement 6186272 AcknowledgmentsThis work was financially supported through a grant from the Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE; grant R148‐000‐146‐133). Financial 6186269 K. S. A. is a director and officer of TheraBiologics Inc. General statement 6185923 P. S. B. is financially supported by the Leenaards Foundation. Financial 6185923 P. K. is financially supported by the Adrian and Simone Frutiger Foundation. Financial 6183693 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to all the volunteers for participating in the present study. General acknowledgement 6182828 Preliminary results of the full University of Maryland Sarcoma database were presented at ASCO 2015 in abstract and poster format, Abstract # e21525, J Clin Oncol 33, 2015. Presentation 6182812 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 6182487 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSYvan Vandenplas has participated as a clinical investigator, and/or advisory board member, and/or consultant, and/or speaker for Abbott Nutrition, Biocodex, Danone, Nestle Health Science, Nestle Nutrition Institute, Nutricia, Mead Johnson, Phacobel, and United Pharmaceuticals. General statement 6182487 Other authors have no conflicts of interest to report. Declaration 6182479 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe investigators would like to thank Phoenix Children's Hospital, and specifically the staff of the emergency, gastroenterology, and information and technology departments for their cooperation with this study. General acknowledgement 6182392 W. J. is a scientific advisor at Coriolis Pharma, Martinsried, Germany. General statement 6181408 L. F. is a “Marie Curie Clarin-Cofund” postdoctoral fellow. General statement 6181408 PG, BM, and AR are members of the FWO Vlaanderen funded “Phagebiotics” research community (WO.016.14) and the bacteriophage network FAGOMA II. General statement 6181392 GTN, JJC, VEA and LAB are members of the research career of the Argentinean National Research Council (CONICET). General statement 6181361 We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of donors and staff who, together, made this work possible. General acknowledgement 6181300 Dr. S. Gibson is a Sellers Research Chair at CancerCare Manitoba. General statement 6181283 The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article. Declaration 6179966 Conflicts of interestThe authors have no conflicts of interest to report. Declaration 6179383 CT and NM are members of the LASCARBx Labex project. General statement 6179247 The authors would like to thank the volunteers who participated in this study and their parents. General acknowledgement 6179222 The study was presented in part at ASCO Annual Meetings 2015 and 2014, AACR Annual Meeting 2015, and EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics 2014. Presentation 6179203 The authors would like to express thanks to all the participants who attended this study, as well as the staff at Kasseler Stottertherapie. General acknowledgement 6179202 This research would not have been possible without the contribution of Carron Mann, Fazal Khan, Mohamed Shafiq and Frozan Marofi and colleagues from Women For Women International in Afghanistan. General acknowledgement 6178887 T. T. is a New York Stem Cell Foundation Robertson Investigator. General statement 6178833 The earlier version of this study was presented at the 59th World Statistics Congress in Hong Kong, August 25–30, 2013. Presentation 6178732 Portions of this research were presented at the 2016 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting. Presentation 6178719 K. Maruyama is a Research Fellow of JSPS. General statement 6178718 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe are grateful to the volunteers for their participation in the study. General acknowledgement 6178562 H. N. is a co-founder and shareholder of iCELL Inc., ChimaERA Corporation, and ReproCELL Inc. General statement 6178382 This work would not have been possible without the contribution of the staff of the Silom Community Clinic of the Thailand Ministry of Public Health–U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration. General acknowledgement 6178242 J. S. is a shareholder in Talisman Therapeutics. General statement 6178242 F. J. L. is a shareholder in Talisman Therapeutics and Gen2 Neuroscience. General statement 6178141 The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6177183 Posters with the experiment set-up and some preliminary results were presented at the international conference on Advanced Technologies & Treatments for Diabetes (ATTD) 2017. Presentation 6177174 Prior presentation: The abstract of this manuscript has been presented in the Research Symposium of the Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong Government (16 June 2017). Presentation 6177147 We sincerely thank all the subjects enrolled in this study for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6176601 A. I. L. is a Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Fellow. General statement 6176337 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the RHSP clinical cohort participants and study staff, whose contributions made this work possible. General acknowledgement 6175652 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe authors thank the thousands of patients and their families who contributed to these registries, as well as the numerous investigators and research coordinators. General acknowledgement 6175239 Preliminary results were presented at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections 2016, February 2016, Boston, MA. Presentation 6174870 Parts of this work have been presented at 3rd International Porto Congress of Multiple Sclerosis, February 27–28, 2015, Porto, Portugal and ARVO 2015 annual meeting, May 3–7, Denver, Colorado. Presentation 6174846 The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6173386 We would like to thank all the participants who volunteered to be included in this study as well as their coaches for their cooperation and support. General acknowledgement 6171915 Preliminary results from this work were presented at the 2015 International Conference on Informatics in Control and appear in its proceedings . Presentation 6171889 The study would not have been possible without the patient participation of the women in the study. General acknowledgement 6171873 Marília Carneiro Machado is a Master fellow from the Coordination on Higher Education Personnel Improvement (CAPES). General statement 6171873 Alessandra Estrela-Lima and Olindo Assis Martins-Filho are research fellows from National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). General statement 6171845 Preliminary findings of this work were presented at a workshop on “Scientific approaches to First Millennium AD textiles for Egypt” held at the British Museum on 2–3 March 2016 and at the 10th conference organised by the international research group "Textiles from the Nile Valley" at Katoen Natie (Antwerp, Belgium) on 27–29 October 2017. Presentation 6171569 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank all the patients and health care workers for their contribution to and participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6169943 We also appreciate the pre-school children who participated in the health examination for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6168143 Sunil Badve is a Komen Scholar. General statement 6168136 We would also like to show our gratitude to all staffs in the agencies for their approval of this research, and we are also immensely grateful to all participants for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6167819 RS is a member of the Argentinean Direction of Vector-Borne Disease. General statement 6167780 We also thank Xavier Duran and the staff of the Methodological and Biostatistical Advisory Service of the IMIM, Barcelona, for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6167740 This work has previously been presented at the Institute for Global Health, UCL, the Thomas Coram Research Unit at the Institute of Education, the 5th World Conference on Women’s Studies in Sri Lanka, and the Annual Development Studies Association Conference in Bristol. Presentation 6167740 Declaration of conflicts of interestWe declare that none of the authors on this study have any conflicts of interest pertaining to the publication of the study results. Declaration 6166800 This work would not have been possible without collaboration with five rice farmers in peninsular India. General acknowledgement 6166766 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the 12th Asian Urological Association Conference (5 – 9 December 2014, Kish, Iran) as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6166766 The poster’s abstract was published in “Poster Abstracts” in International Journal of Urology, 21(Supp 2), A246, December 2014. Presentation 6166267 They have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. Declaration 6162167 Source of Funding and Conflicts of Interest: This work was supported by a grant awarded to Lisa May from the John Templeton Foundation, which funded the Expanding the Science and Practice of Gratitude project run by UC Berkeley's Greater Good Science Center, and by a Varela award awarded to Lisa May from the Mind and Life Institute. Declaration 6161885 We also thank our patients who volunteered to participate in our Duke NAFLD Clinical Database and Biorepository, without whom this study would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 6161880 The authors deeply acknowledge all the study participants for their cooperation and contribution towards this study. General acknowledgement 6160196 Preliminary results were presented at the 26th Annual Conference of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Hannover, 2nd-3rd February 2018. Presentation 6160085 The authors thank all the volunteers who participated in the clinical trial. General acknowledgement 6159868 These results will be presented in part at the IDWeek 2018, San Francisco, CA, USA, October 3-7th, 2018, Abstract 68617. Presentation 6159865 This study would not have been possible without the collaboration of all farmers. General acknowledgement 6158182 PP is a UCL Springboard Population Science Fellow. General statement 6157890 The authors gratefully acknowledge the staff of the HCPA Blood Bank for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6157880 AC is a Research Director with the F. R. S.-FNRS (Belgium). General statement 6155522 The authors would like to thank the investigators, study teams, and the patients who volunteered to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 6155522 Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the 77rd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Diabetes Association, San Diego, CA, June 9–13, 2017 and the 53rd Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Lisbon, Portugal, September 11–15, 2017. Presentation 6154407 We wish to thank the many staff, collaborators and volunteers at SANCCOB, especially Natasha Ayres, Renata Hurtado, and Katrin Ludynia. General acknowledgement 6152999 We would like to express gratitude to the volunteers and their families for their participation in the trial. General acknowledgement 6149060 WJ is a senior clinical investigator of the FWO. General statement 6149060 Prior abstract publication/presentationAs an oral presentation at the ERS Congress in Amsterdam (September 2011). Presentation 6147485 NIDILRR is a Center within the Administration for Community Living (ACL), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). General statement 6147424 We are grateful to the patients and their families for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6146509 We would like to thank the study participants and the nursing staff of “Archbishop Makarios III” hospital for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6143262 The results of this study were presented at the 2017 Korean Academy of Social & Managed Care Pharmacy. Presentation 6143251 The authors would like to thank the participants for their cooperation in the study. General acknowledgement 6143249 We thank all the patients who enrolled in this study. General acknowledgement 6143228 Additional thanks must go to the many volunteers who made this project possible, as well as to the SERS staff who assisted on a daily basis. General acknowledgement 6143123 The results of the current study were partly presented as a poster at the European Respiratory Society Annual Congress 2017, 9–13 September 2017. Presentation 6143123 The poster’s abstract was published in European Respiratory Journal 2017;50:PA3944; DOI: 10.1183/1393003.congress-2017. Presentation 6142657 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSAuthors would like to thank Almokhtabar Moamena Kamel Medical Laboratories members in Sudan for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6142220 V. K. M. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6142192 E. N. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. General statement 6141095 Secondary data only was used in the performance of this cost effectiveness analysis and all data were fully anonymized prior to accessing them for this study. Declaration 6136827 The study would not have been possible without the participants who consented to be part of the study. General acknowledgement 6136817 FVB is Research Director of the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS). General statement 6136714 This work was presented in part at the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 2017 in Honolulu, HI, USA as a turbo talk. Presentation 6135742 P. J. T. is a consultant and on the Scientific Advisory Board of Cell Line Genetics. General statement 6135742 P. J. T. is Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board (volunteer position) for the Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease Foundation. General statement 6135721 Benjamin Reubinoff is a founder and chief scientific officer of and holds shares in CellCure Neurosciences. General statement 6135549 T. is a Taiwan Bio-Development Foundation Chair in Biotechnology. General statement 6135510 We thank the staff of the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6135388 This study would have been impossible without the cooperation of the Department of Radiology, Niigata Medical Center and Niigata University Hospital. General acknowledgement 6135369 We sincerely thank all the patients and their families, for their patience and courtesy. General acknowledgement 6133356 We would like to thank all of our volunteer blood donors for making this work possible. General acknowledgement 6133278 We are grateful to maternity care organization De Waarden for making the anonymized dataset available. Declaration 6130873 This is a contribution of El Ventorrillo Biological Station. General statement 6130299 Preliminary results of this series have been presented at Society Internationale d’Urologie 2014 and abstract published in Gold Urology Journal, Volume 84, Issue 4, Supplement, October 2014, Pages S1–S146. Presentation 6128647 We thank all participants for their cooperation in the study. General acknowledgement 6128627 CFT and PAB are members of the Scientific Research Program from the CONICET. General statement 6128563 The data will be made available upon request to the senior author, provided that the requesting party demonstrates IRB approval at their site to evaluate anonymized data from other institutions. Declaration 6128561 Early results from this study were presented at the 2016 meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists. Presentation 6128485 AMA is a doctoral fellow from Universidad Maimónides. General statement 6128485 ECH is a Principal Researcher of the Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos-CONICET (CEFYBO), MB is the director of the School of Medicine at Universidad Maimónides. General statement 6128477 Valerie Zabala is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Gilliam Fellow. General statement 6128463 This analysis would not have been possible without your toils. General acknowledgement 6128457 Prior presentation: Some of the results of this article were presented at the congress of the German College of General Practitioners and Family Physicians in Hamburg, Germany, on September 18th, 2014. Presentation 6126770 A. A. J. is a Donald Bren Professor at the University of California, Irvine. General statement 6125803 DRJ is a consultant for California Walnut Commission. General statement 6124803 AcknowledgmentsThis paper was presented as an oral communication at APLAR on October 2017 and as a poster/abstract at ACR in 2016. Presentation 6124703 BW is a NIHR Emeritus Senior Investigator. General statement 6122801 The present research data is accepted as a poster, in the upcoming Congress of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress (September 2018, Paris, France). Presentation 6118006 MVC, MSG, GFE and REG are members of CONICET Researcher’s Career. General statement 6117038 We are grateful to the ARVD/C patients and families who have made this work possible. General acknowledgement 6116981 The authors thank all volunteers for participation and supporting this study. General acknowledgement 6115940 B. S. is a postdoctoral assistant in the Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology. General statement 6114984 S. D. G. is a trustee of the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation, Rare, the Resources Legacy Fund, and COMPASS. General statement 6114922 We would like to thank the patients and their families for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6114778 E. G. is an investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6112716 F. M. is a Senior Clinical Investigator at the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders-Belgium. General statement 6112684 GV is a Research Fellow of the Ecole Normale Superieure (Paris, France). General statement 6112655 This research would not have been possible without the participation of the women, their significant others and the healthcare professionals. General acknowledgement 6110330 Authors would like to thanks all volunteers from the Amanatun Selatan Sub-district, South Central Timor District who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6110273 Abstract and poster presented at AMCP Nexus 2016 (https://www.jmcp.org/doi/pdf/10.18553/jmcp.2016.22.issue-10-a). Presentation 6110251 This study was presented at the 10th Balkan Congress of Microbiology, 16–18 November 2017, Sofia, Bulgaria. Presentation 6109322 We thank the teachers and children of Ikingwamanoti primary school for their cooperation and participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6107236 This was presented at the 2016 AAPA Conference, American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Presentation 6107223 Additional thanks to the student assistants that volunteered over many months in carrying out this project: Kirsten Letham, Kenji Nishimura, and Rachel Gilchrist. General acknowledgement 6107183 Preliminary data and parts from this study were presented at the Annual meeting of the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG), September 2016, Berlin, Germany and at the FLORETINA Meeting, 27-30th April 2017, Florence, Italy. Presentation 6107149 Presented in part to the American Society of Retinal Specialists annual meeting, August 12, 2017, Boston Massachusetts. Presentation 6107141 Most of the work reported here was presented at the 2016 International Genetically Engineered Machines (iGEM) Competition by the Arizona State University (ASU) 2016 iGEM team. Presentation 6107140 We warmly thank all of the dedicated and conscientious volunteers involved in the Nutrinet-Santé cohort. General acknowledgement 6107129 The content of this manuscript was presented at the annual meeting of the Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Society (FNPS), 3 September 2017, Osaka, Japan. Presentation 6105920 The BSRBR-RA is a UK-wide national project to investigate the safety of biologic agents in routine medical practice. General statement 6105154 Without their active cooperation, our trial would not be possible. General acknowledgement 6105001 We would also like to thank the school headmasters, teachers, parents/guardians and school children for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6104951 We thank contributors who collected samples used in this study, as well as patients and their families, whose help and participation made this work possible. General acknowledgement 6104938 Part of this work has previously been presented at the European Conference on Visual Perception in 2017. Presentation 6101412 Part of the results were presented at the 36th Annual Meeting of European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) in Nantes, France, September 7–9, 2017. Presentation 6099852 W. S. and C. P. S. are members of the Anthropocene Working Group. General statement 6097673 ASA, CT, CM and NF are members of the Chaire d'excellence en recherche du Canada sur l’axe microbiome-endocannabinoïdome dans la santé métabolique. General statement 6097663 These results were previously presented in poster form as Chang-Hee Lee, Ji-hoon Jung, Seung Hyun Son, Choon-Young Kim, Shin Young Jeong, Sang-Woo Lee, Jaetae Lee and Byeong-Cheol Ahn: Risk factors for hidden metastatic lymph node on post I-131 ablation SPECT/CT in low and intermediate risk groups of papillary thyroid cancer J Nucl Med May 1, 2016 57:206 http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/supplement_2/206 Presentation 6097126 Richard Cook is a Tier I Canada Research Chair in Statistical Methods for Health Research. General statement 6095590 This study would not have been possible without the generosity of our panelists who donated the time necessary to provide thoughtful responses to each round of this Delphi. General acknowledgement 6095551 A. Z. is a member of the DFG-funded Excellence-Cluster ImmunoSensation. General statement 6095545 We wish to thank the volunteers participating in this study and the study coordinators at the participating sites. General acknowledgement 6095495 The authors would like to thank the study volunteers for their contribution to this research. General acknowledgement 6093678 A part of the study has been presented (focusing on Fig 1) as a poster in ASN congress in Philadelphia 2015. Presentation 6093605 In addition, we are grateful to the study participants and their parents for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6093123 We also acknowledge that the abstract of this article was presented at the World Congress of Physiotherapy in Singapore; therefore, it has been partly published as an abstract with the following reference: WCPT Congress 2015/Physiotherapy 2015; Volume 101, Supplement 1 eS633–eS832. Presentation 6092760 T. T. is a New York Stem Cell Foundation – Robertson Investigator. General statement 6090827 Partial results from this study were presented at the VII International Simuliidae Symposium held in Zaragoza (Spain) in September 2016 and at the 7th SOVE International Congress held in Mallorca (Spain) in October 2017. Presentation 6089605 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract for this manuscript was presented at the 70th Annual Meeting for Southwestern Surgical Congress, April 8–11, 2018 at Napa, CA, USA. Presentation 6089409 We would like to thank all participants who volunteered their time to advance scientific inquiry. General acknowledgement 6087621 The authors thank all the volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6086997 We appreciate the participation of the patients and their families. General acknowledgement 6086395 Justin Hudak is a doctoral candidate at the LEAD Graduate School & Research Network. General statement 6086081 Without him, this work would not be possible. General acknowledgement 6084857 We would like to thank the patients and their families for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6084813 The abstract of this study was previously presented at the 31st Congress of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology. Presentation 6084810 Preliminary findings of this study were presented at the Thirteenth Workshop on Costs and Assessment in Psychiatry—Mental Health Policy and Economics in Venice by SAA, whose participation was funded by an African Doctoral Dissertation Research Fellowship (ADDRF) re-entry grant award offered by the African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC) in partnership with the International Development Research Centre (IDRC). Presentation 6082971 Previous presentationsThe content of this paper was presented at the Western North American Region of The International Biometric Society Annual Meeting (June 2017, Santa Fe, NM) and the North American Primary Care Research Group Annual Meeting (November 2016, Colorado Springs, CO). Presentation 6082910 We would like to thank the research participants and employees of 23andMe for making this work possible. General acknowledgement 6082502 Erol Fikrig is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6081446 We acknowledge with appreciation all the individuals with schizophrenia and controls whose contributions made this work possible. General acknowledgement 6080782 Meetings: Portions of this work were accepted as a poster presentation at the American Roentgen Ray Society (ARRS) annual meeting in 2015 under the title “Impact of clinical history on choice of abdominal/pelvic CT protocol. Presentation 6080197 This project was presented at the AAP NCE and the SDBP Annual Meeting in 2016. Presentation 6080195 NB is a consultant of JOOL Health. General statement 6078286 This work was presented as a poster at the American Heart Association annual Epi/Lifestyle meeting in New Orleans, LA, March 20–23, 2018. Presentation 6076986 Micro-CT scan would not have been possible without the support of Sanjay Sane, Sunil Prabhakar and the CT scan facility team at NCBS. General acknowledgement 6075768 Some of the results presented in this paper were published in abstract form and poster presentation at the 2018 Kidney Week of the American Society of Nephrology. Presentation 6075763 MB is a PhD student of the “Experimental and Translational Medicine” course at the Università degli Studi dell’Insubria. General statement 6074785 This study was presented in the International Conference in Emergency Medicine and Public Health – Qatar 2016:24 and published as an abstract in the Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma & Acute Care (JEMTAC). Presentation 6074782 Marcelo Aizen is a career researcher of the National Research Council forResearch of Argentina (CONICET). General statement 6072093 Meetings: Interim analysis has been presented at Duke University School of Medicine’s Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Society 47th Annual Scientific Research Symposium. Presentation 6072006 MJ Cavallo, I Amelotti, L Abrahan, G Cueto and DE Gorla are members of CONICET (Argentina). General statement 6071282 MECM is a COFAA-IPN and EDD program fellow. General statement 6070269 We would also like to thank clinical genetic specialists from Karachay-Cherkessia for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6070197 All named authors are members of the IDEFICS consortium. General statement 6070186 Sandra Vela is a PhD candidate at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. General statement 6069568 The owners of the dogs and staff of the kennels are acknowledged for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6067708 We would like to extend our thanks to the participants in these surveys without whom this work would not be possible. General acknowledgement 6067523 I. M. is a shareholder of Myoridge. General statement 6066204 None of this research would have been possible without the generous participation of the study volunteers. General acknowledgement 6065006 This study would not have been possible without many important contributions by the late Chris Jacomb on the archaeology of New Zealand. General acknowledgement 6063272 David Brydan is a lecturer in Modern European History at Birkbeck, University of London. General statement 6062954 An abstract version of this manuscript was presented at the American Thoracic Society Conference in San Francisco, CA, in May of 2016. Presentation 6062111 The study was partially published as an abstract in the Proceeding of the 47th Annual Meeting of Society for Neuroscience (Washington DC, 2017). Presentation 6062095 We thank the participants of this study for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6062069 Lastly, we would like to thank all the patients and their families for their willingness and co-operation in being involved in this study. General acknowledgement 6060454 This platform is a member of the Vectopole Sud network and of the LabEX CEMEB (Centre Méditerranéen de l’Environnement et de la Biodiversité) in Montpellier. General statement 6058753 AcknowledgmentWe would like to thank our patients and their families who participated in the research helpfully and devotedly without expecting material compensation. General acknowledgement 6055662 J. S. is a Wittgenstein prize fellow. General statement 6055528 FF and RCW are members of HBIGS and CellNetworks. General statement 6055138 L. A. K. is a Hearst Clinical Scholar. General statement 6053869 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all study participants for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6052613 This work would not have been possible without the participation of the participants and their families. General acknowledgement 6052587 Part of this manuscript was presented at the 41st National Hematology Congress, Antalya, Turkey, October 21, 2015. Presentation 6051639 We are grateful to all of the subjects for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6051571 We thank all volunteers for their cooperation in this study. General acknowledgement 6048502 P. M. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6047775 Without their cooperation, the work would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 6047605 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Society of General Internal Medicine 38th Annual Meeting in 2015 and the 2015 AHRQ Research Conference as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6047605 The poster’s abstract was published in “Abstracts from the 38th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine” in Journal of General Internal Medicine: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3271-. Presentation 6047574 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the authorities of Veterinary Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6047233 Presented at the 47th Annual Congress Society of Critical Care Medicine, Sepsis Research Snapshot Theater, Henry B Gonzalez Convention Center, San Antonio, Texas (February 2018). Presentation 6044524 This work was not possible without the support of family Kramer and Lems. General acknowledgement 6044077 Availability of data and materialsWithin 6 months of this publication, anonymized individual participant data, the annotated case report form, protocol, reporting and analysis plan, data set specifications, raw dataset, analysis-ready dataset, and clinical study report will be available for research proposals approved by an independent review committee. Declaration 6044043 Part of this work has been presented in the 8th International Congress of Dipterology, held in Potsdam, Germany, during 10–15 August 2014. Presentation 6042154 J. G. is a Junior Research Fellow of The Queen’s College, Oxford. General statement 6042150 D. B. S. is a Burroughs Wellcome Investigator in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Faculty Scholar. General statement 6042074 R. N. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6040756 BuildCARE members: Emma Bennett, Francesca Cooper, Barbara A Daveson, Susanne de Wolf-Linder, Mendwas Dzingina, Clare Ellis-Smith, Catherine J Evans, Lesley Henson, Irene J Higginson, Bridget Johnston, Paramjote Kaler, Pauline Kane, Lara Klass, Peter Lawlor, Paul McCrone, Regina McQuillan, Diane Meier, Susan Molony, Sean Morrison, Fliss E Murtagh, Charles Normand, Caty Pannell, Steve Pantilat, Karen Ryan, Lucy Selman, Melinda Smith, Katy Tobin, Gao Wei. General statement 6038104 CJLM Meijer served occasionally on the scientific advisory board of Qiagen, and SPMSD/Merck. General statement 6037932 Disclosures: Ralph T. H. Leijenaar is a salaried employee of ptTheragnostic B. V., which develops products for patient stratification for personalized radiotherapy. General statement 6037355 PresentationPortions of this analysis were presented at the 25th annual Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Boston, Massachusetts (March 4–7, 2018). Presentation 6035800 The abstract of this study has been presented at the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgery (S132), Annual Meeting, March 22–25, 2017, Houston, TX, USA . Presentation 6034878 Preliminary results from this study were presented at the 9th Tick and Tick Borne Pathogen Conference & 1st Asia Pacific Rickettsia Conference, August 27–September 1, 2017, Cairns, Australia. Presentation 6033437 This work was presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of ESPGHAN, Athens, May 2016. Presentation 6029795 Finally, we want to thank the participants of the ASENZE study for their cooperation and contribution to the study. General acknowledgement 6029777 The current study has been previously presented as an abstract and poster for the 2018 United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology annual meeting. Presentation 6029041 Additionally MZJ, JGC, NVS, JBA, LFR and LCB are members of the National System of Researchers, SNI. General statement 6028639 G. M. is a member of the EU-AIMS consortium. General statement 6028081 Most importantly, this work would not have been possible without the subjects who volunteered their time to participate in the trial. General acknowledgement 6027675 This research has been presented at the Joint Conference on Natural Products 2016 in Copenhagen, Denmark, and the abstract has been published in Planta Med 2016; 82(S 01): S1-S381. Presentation 6027359 This research would not have been possible without the contribution of many scientists. General acknowledgement 6024520 Dániel Baráth is a PhD student of the Doctoral School of Biological Sciences, Luca Krisztina Szabó is a PhD student of the Doctoral School of Horticultural Sciences at Szent István University. General statement 6024520 Nikoletta Jaksa-Czotter is a PhD student of the Festetics Doctoral School at the University of Pannonia. General statement 6024415 Disclosure: Hans-Jürgen Wester is a shareholder at Scintomics. General statement 6023195 Authors duly acknowledge to all the participants for their cooperation during the course of the study. General acknowledgement 6023194 ICRISAT is a member of the CGIAR Consortium. General statement 6022697 MHR is a grateful recipient of the Australian Postgraduate Award through the University of Melbourne and the PhD top-up scholarship from AgriFutures Australia. Financial 6021083 Parts of this manuscript were presented at the Eighth IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention (Vancouver), July 19–22, 2015 (abstract WEPEB359). Presentation 6021045 CIDE (Desertification Research Centre) is a joint institute of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), the University of Valencia, and Generalitat Valenciana. General statement 6019675 We are grateful to Rei Otsuki, Sakiko Murata, and the students who participated in our study for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6016928 The results of the study were presented in part in a moderated poster session (MP5-14) at the 35th Word Congress of Endourology (WCE) in Vancouver, Canada, 12–16 September 2017 and as a poster presentation (PE24) at the 14th Meeting of the EAU Robotic Urology Section (ERUS) in Bruges, Belgium, 26–27 September 2017. Presentation 6016589 The abstract of this paper was presented at the British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2017 (6–8 December 2017) as a spoken presentation. Presentation 6014143 N., S. J. B. and Bridget Griffiths are investigators of the UKPSSR. General statement 6013221 We thank the staff of the hospital archive and administration departments of SOMCH for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6013209 We especially thank the young adults belonging to the Aboriginal Birth Cohort, and their families and community for their cooperation and support. General acknowledgement 6013016 The authors are also thankful to anonymous volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6010511 Yini Ma, born in 1997, is a student in the Department of Physics, Tsinghua University. General statement 6010319 F. F. is a ULB Full Professor. General statement 6010319 Competing interests: C. V. L. is a Research Director of the FNRS (Belgium). General statement 6010274 The abstract of this article has been presented at the 113th Annual Meeting of the Korean Ophthalmological Society (11th April, 2015). Presentation 6010262 The authors would like to thank the mobile clinic’s patients and their families. General acknowledgement 6010222 A previous version of this paper was presented at the 3rd Bolzano Mummy Congress. Presentation 6008927 The National Statistical Office is the home institution of the National Evaluation Platform in Malawi and made this work possible. General statement 6008927 Availability of data and materialsThe anonymized data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 6005529 MK is a military service member and SM is an employee of the U. S. Government. General statement 6005475 AM and MC are fellows of Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI) and PEDECIBA. General statement 6004480 C. D. L. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6004432 The ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) is a product of NASA and METI. General statement 6003750 CNS is a part of Harvard University. General statement 6003464 C. W. is a Canada Research Chair. General statement 6003464 J. H. N. is a Wellcome Trust Investigator (100209/Z/12/Z). General statement 6003445 Y. F. D. is Research Director at the FNRS. General statement 6003291 This work’s abstract has been presented previously and published in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. Presentation 6001962 We acknowledge the slum population for their cooperation and active participation in the study. General acknowledgement 5999265 A part of this work was orally presented at the 8th International Conference on "Translational Research in Cardiovascular Sciences" India section conference of International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences (IACS), during February 5–6, 2016 held at Anand Pharmacy College, Gujarat, India. Presentation 5998504 AG-C is a UCL Sensory systems and Therapies Fellow. General statement 5997361 SS is a Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute (BHCRI) senior investigator. General statement 5997333 FD is a CIHR scholar. General statement 5995367 A. M. is a New York Stem Cell Foundation Robertson Investigator. General statement 5995299 Parts of this paper were included in a poster presentation at the International Society For Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 19th Annual European Congress, October 29 to November 2, 2016 in Vienna, Austria: https://www.ispor.org/ScientificPresentationsDatabase/Presentation/58898. Presentation 5995271 R. J. is a co-founder of Fate Therapeutics, Fulcrum Therapeutics, and Omega Therapeutics. General statement 5995162 J. M. and J. B. are members of the Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA. General statement 5993648 E. K. is a Les Turner ALS Research and Patient Center Investigator. General statement 5993254 We are grateful to all of the patients, the co-investigators, and the site staff members for their cooperation in the ACTS- HNC study. General acknowledgement 5993108 An earlier version of some results presented here was presented as a poster at the Health Quality Transformation Conference: 24 Oct 2017, Toronto, Canada. Presentation 5991749 Part of this work has been presented in ARVO2015 annual meeting, Denver, Colorado. Presentation 5991739 A part of this work was presented at the 2nd Gene and Immunotherapy Conference, held at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, on September 25, 2015. Presentation 5991709 We would also like to thank all district administrators and youth center managers for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5991396 All patient data were fully anonymized and the ethics committee waived the requirement for informed consent for this retrospective trial. Declaration 5991366 Portions of this project were presented at the International Conference on Prospective Memory (Naples, Italy, 2014), the Meeting of the Psychonomic Society (Chicago, IL, 2015), and the Cognitive Aging Conference (Atlanta, GA, 2016). Presentation 5989816 K. F. is a co-founder of and has equity in Heartseed. General statement 5989695 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the patients and their families for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5988270 Thanks also to the many libraries and librarians who have made this work possible. General acknowledgement 5987094 The Children’s Burns Research Centre, part of the Burns Collective, is a Scar Free Foundation initiative. General statement 5984636 Previous versions of the paper were presented at the European Population Conference Budapest June 2014 and the Italian Population Days February 2015. Presentation 5984244 Preliminary findings were presented in a poster at the 2017 annual Society of General Internal Medicine conference. Presentation 5983534 The authors like to thank all the participants for their cooperation and valuable time during the experiment. General acknowledgement 5983499 HH, and SI are members of Carrera del Investigador CONICET, Argentina. General statement 5983448 This work was presented at the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases 2016 and 2017. Presentation 5979032 We thank the investigators who collected the samples used in this study, as well as patients and their families, whose help and participation made this work possible. General acknowledgement 5978886 A part of this work was presented as a poster at Asia ARVO, 2010 and Indian Society of Human Genetics, 2016 conferences. Presentation 5978386 The authors wish to thank the volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5977269 E. served as a military service member over the course of this work, which was prepared as part of her official duties. General statement 5976104 The authors thank BSAVA PetSavers for making this work possible. General acknowledgement 5974915 D Cook is a Research Chair of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. General statement 5974563 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5973629 An abstract of this paper was presented at the 29th AMCP Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy Annual Meeting 2017 as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5973629 A second abstract of this paper was presented at the Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation of America – Advances in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Annual Meeting 2016 as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5973571 GN and AZ are members of the Excellence Cluster Immunosensation. General statement 5969339 The authors thank the Health Informatics Centre, University of Dundee for managing and supplying anonymized data and NHS Tayside, the original data source. Declaration 5969328 Natsal-3 is a collaboration between University College London (London, UK), the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (London, UK), NatCen Social Research, Public Health England (formerly the Health Protection Agency) and the University of Manchester (Manchester, UK). General statement 5969324 Natsal-3 is a collaboration between University College London, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NatCen Social Research, Public Health England and the University of Manchester. General statement 5967828 This research would not have been possible without the gracious support of colleagues in Guatemala, particularly Bayron Yuri Medina and the joint team from the United Nations Development Program and Guatemala’s Ministry of Environment working in Baja Verapaz. General acknowledgement 5967740 Preliminary results of the study were presented at 9th International AIDS Society (IAS) conference on HIV Science held in Paris, France in 23–26 July 2017; abstract number, A-854-0147-02626. Presentation 5965824 We wish to thank the staff and dolphins of Umi-Kirara for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5965821 Preliminary results from this study were presented at the 2017 Canadian Society for Epidemiology and Biostatics Biennial Meeting. Presentation 5965816 This paper is based on a contribution, which has been presented at the Science, Technology, and Innovation Indicators conference (STI 2017) in Paris, France. Presentation 5965080 The authors thank all patients and their families who contributed to this study. General acknowledgement 5963910 We thank all our patients and their families for continuous support of our work. General acknowledgement 5963768 Rebecca F. Gottesman, MD, PhD1, served as the study’s Safety Officer. General statement 5962072 A. T-do A., L. E. S. N., and M. A. O. are members of the CEPID Redoxoma (No. 2013/07937-8) and of the NAP Redoxoma (PRPUSP). General statement 5959890 A. G. is on the scientific advisory board for Denali Therapeutics and has served as a consultant for AbbVie and Cognition Therapeutics. General statement 5957438 We thank the patients and healthy individuals who participated in this study for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5956133 AcknowledgmentsAs noted in the Introduction, portions of this paper were presented at the 10th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Cochlear Implants and Related Sciences, held in Beijing in late April and early May of 2015. Presentation 5955556 This work was presented at the 2nd American College of Physicians—India Chapter Congress held at New Delhi, India on August 12–13, 2017. Presentation 5955509 None of this would have been possible without the generosity of Ridge Vineyards, DaVero Farms & Winery, Les Lunes Wine, and Populis Wine with special thanks to Shun Ishikubo, Eric Baugher, Mike Bairdsmith, and Will Thomas. General acknowledgement 5953437 The authors would like to thank all participants and caregivers for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5953239 SAT is a NIHR Senior Investigator and MC is a NIHR Clinical Lecturer. General statement 5951138 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract was presented at ISPOR Congress 2016. Presentation 5949926 A portion of this work was presented at the 167th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. Presentation 5948964 J. C. is an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 5948903 SI is a TRF Senior Research Scholar. General statement 5944924 These data were presented in part at the 2017 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infection (February 13–16, 2017, Seattle, Washington, USA). Presentation 5944010 KFC is a Senior Investigator of NIHR, UK. General statement 5944010 MMP, IMA and KFC are members of Interuniversity Attraction Poles Program-Belgian State-Belgian Science Policy- project P7/30. General statement 5944010 KFC is a Senior Investigator of NIHR, UK. General statement 5944010 MMP, IMA and KFC are members of Interuniversity Attraction Poles Program-Belgian State-Belgian Science Policy- project P7/30. General statement 5941696 The results were presented as an abstract at the Austrian International Congress, October 2014, Linz, Austria (Anaesthesiol Intensive Care News. Presentation 5941655 And the abstract of this study has been selected as the oral presentation in the 6th congress of Asia-pacific pediatric cardiac society and a poster display in the 13th Congress of Asian Society for Pediatric Research. Presentation 5940209 We thank subjects in the Black Women’s Health Study, volunteer donors to the Komen Tissue Bank and Boston Medical Center plastic surgery patients, and the family members of each of these subjects, whose help and participation made this work possible. General acknowledgement 5937833 This work was presented at the International Association for the study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) World Conference on Lung Cancer, 4–7 December 2016, Vienna, Austria. Presentation 5937788 This report was previously presented, in part, at the SASM Annual Meeting (Chicago, 2016). Presentation 5935946 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 5933752 David F. Garway-Heath served as member of the executive committee that defined the diagnostic criteria. General statement 5931498 MSR, SAW, AAL, and VAC are members of the Research Career of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina. General statement 5931497 An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2013 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting in Chicago, Illinois, and the April 2014 Center for American Political Responsiveness Brown Bag in State College, Pennsylvania. Presentation 5931466 This work would not have been possible without the Reverend Tebuho Mundia, our local guide through the Barotse Royal establishment. General acknowledgement 5929546 The authors wish to thank their patients and the personnel of the hospital unit for their cooperation during the course of this study. General acknowledgement 5929501 We are also very grateful to all participants of this study for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5927351 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Medical Decision Making as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5923493 Jesús E. Brunetti, Sabrina Foscaldi and Verónica M. Quintana are fellows from CONICET; Nora López and Luis A. Scolaro are members of Research Career from the same institution. General statement 5923254 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract for this paper was presented at the 8th Annual NATA Symposium on Patient Blood Management, Haemostasis and Thrombosis, April 20–21, 2017, Florence, Italy. Presentation 5920000 DB is a member of the FENS Kavli Network of Excellence. General statement 5919690 JV and MJA are predoctoral students, and FM is a postdoctoral researcher from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET, Argentina). General statement 5919690 JV, PB, MJA, FZ, MMB, DMAG, and MDC are members of the RedVLP network (www.redvlp.org; CYTED 216RT0506). General statement 5919664 We also would like to thank all the study participants, health facility staff and the project staff for their cooperation and support to this research project. General acknowledgement 5919624 Part of this work has been presented as an E-poster presentation at the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) 37th Annual Conference in Barcelona, Spain. Presentation 5919292 S. T. R. is a founder and shareholder in DefiniGEN. General statement 5919071 T. Takebe is a New York Stem Cell Foundation Robertson Investigator. General statement 5918996 V. R. is a student of the PhD course in Life Sciences and Biotechnology of Università dell’Insubria. General statement 5918682 M. H. L. is a Senior Principal Research Fellow of the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (GNT1042093). Financial 5918665 T. R. is a PhD fellow of Research Foundation Flanders. General statement 5918619 This study would not have been possible without the generous support and cooperation of the MACS participants, as well as the dedicated Cohort study team. General acknowledgement 5918610 Portions of this work were presented at the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, May 14–17, 2016. Presentation 5918344 E. M. is a founder of Capricor and a member of its scientific advisory board. General statement 5916490 The authors would like to thank Jared Farr and Janina Vaitkus for all their help with maintaining the equipment and making this work possible. General acknowledgement 5915597 J. F. is a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award holder. General statement 5915454 K. J. B. is a New York Stem Cell Foundation—Robertson Investigator. General statement 5915319 IGV is a Faculty Fellow of the Edmond J. Safra Center for Bioinformatics at Tel Aviv University and an Alon Fellow. General statement 5914371 Earlier versions of this work were presented at the Society for the Social History of Medicine Conference (2012) and the North American Conference on British Studies (2012), and this article benefited immensely from the thought-provoking questions posed by attendees of each of these events. Presentation 5913319 Part of this work was presented in poster format at the DGPPN congress (Berlin, Germany) in November 2016 (C. C.v. H.) and as an invited mini panel talk at the ACNP meeting 2015 in Miami (A. S.). Presentation 5910820 P. M. F. is a Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Investigator and acknowledges Sloan Research Foundation and McCormick and Gabilan faculty fellowships. General statement 5909891 We are thankful to all the school staff for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5908237 The authors would like to acknowledge all the patients and their families. General acknowledgement 5905956 The authors would like to extend their thanks to all the participants enrolled into this study from both the Angkor Hospital for Children and Sotnikum Health District. General acknowledgement 5905951 Findings were previously presented at the 2016 Public Health Informatics Conference. Presentation 5904248 Dr. Smoller is a Tepper Family MGH Research Scholar. General statement 5903653 F. R. is a Director of Research with the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique, FRS-FNRS (Belgium). General statement 5902514 Author NoteThe authors are grateful to the patients and their families, as well as to the other volunteering participants for taking part in this study. General acknowledgement 5901785 We are grateful to the following doctors for their cooperation and support during the conduct of this study: Dr. Hideo Yoshida, Red Cross Medical Center; Dr. Masahiko Kondou, Otsu Red Cross Hospital; Dr. Shintaro Takaki, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital. General acknowledgement 5901776 Hiroshi Ito (itomd@md.okayama-u.ac.jp) is a lead author for the RINC investigators. General statement 5900366 The authors thank all the interviewers and the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare for their cooperation and assistance. General acknowledgement 5899397 We gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the patients and their families and normal control individuals involved in this study. General acknowledgement 5898760 A poster about this trial with the title “A Clinical Phase III Trial Demonstrating Lot Consistency and Confirming Cardiac and Overall Safety of the Non-replicating Smallpox Vaccine MVA-BN®” was presented at the 14th ASM Biodefense and Emerging Diseases Research Meeting in Arlington VA, February 8–10, 2016. Presentation 5898729 KS, JCK and SW are members of the ImmunoSensation Cluster of Excellence. General statement 5896958 The authors are greatly thankful to the administration of Nanakali Hemato-Oncology Teaching Centre in Erbil for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5896943 This manuscript would not be possible without the work of the field crews of the NCDMF gillnet, longline, and trawl surveys. General acknowledgement 5895589 We would also like to thank all of the patients and their families for their aid in participation. General acknowledgement 5894971 The authors are grateful to the infants and their families for their involvement and participation. General acknowledgement 5894966 We sincerely appreciate the sharing of data from the different institutions, whose information made this work possible. General acknowledgement 5894961 We thank all the patients and their families for their participation. General acknowledgement 5894906 Portions of this work were previously presented at the 5th Joint Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America and Acoustical Society of Japan, Honolulu, Hawaii, November 29, 2016; the Midwinter Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, Baltimore, MD, February 12, 2017; and the Conference on Implantable Auditory Prostheses, Tahoe City, CA, July 20, 2017. Presentation 5894193 FundingConstança Britto and Otacilio Moreira are research fellows of the CNPq and FAPERJ (CNE and JCNE). General statement 5894152 The authors are grateful to the residents of Rosso and Kobeni for their cooperation throughout the study. General acknowledgement 5894023 We would like to thank the patients for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 3291844 DisclosureHuppertz: HIH served as board member for Abbott, Pfizer, Roche and Swedish Orphan and received speaking fees from Abbott and Pfizer. General statement 3291844 Foell: DF served as board member for Roche. General statement 5382489 Prior presentation of dataPreliminary results of this study were presented at the Minapig pre-conference preceding the 7th European Symposium of Porcine Health Management, Nantes, 22nd – 24th April 2015. Presentation 5382503 Author’s informationIPO, Research director at INRA Toxalim, Head of the team “Biosynthesis and Toxicity of Mycotoxins”. General statement 4883641 Presented in part as a poster at the ARVO annual meeting, May 2014, Orlando, Florida, and as a poster at the British Contact Lens Association meeting, June 2014, Manchester, United Kingdom. Presentation 4376271 This work was presented at the 37th Japan Cornea Society, Japan Cornea Conference 2013 in Wakayama, Japan. Presentation 5006796 The results from these analyses were presented at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology meeting in Denver in May 2015. Presentation 4274340 This work has been presented in part at the American Academy of Optometry (Phoenix, AZ, 2012) and the International Meeting for Autism Research (San Sebastian, Spain, 2013). Presentation 5266646 This study was presented in the form of a Scientific Paper (140042) at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Optometry in Denver, CO, November 13, 2014. Presentation 5321857 The authors acknowledge part of this study was presented as a poster “Outer Retinal Tubulation Observed with SD-OCT and AOSLO” at the 2014 ARVO meeting, May 4–8, 2014 in Orlando, FL and a paper “Comparison of Inner Retinal Thickness Over and Adjacent to Outer Retinal Tubulation” presented at the American Academy of Optometry meeting in Denver, CO, November 13, 2014. Presentation 4243800 David F. Garway-Heath served as member of the executive committee that defined the diagnostic criteria. General statement 4243800 A version of this work was presented at the 2012 meeting of the American Academy of Optometry in Phoenix, AZ. Presentation 4461356 This study has been presented as a paper in the annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology held in Seattle in 2013. Presentation 2652471 Special thanks are conveyed to the management and staff of the Ramat-Hovav Council for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4962304 We would like to acknowledge the experts of National Committee of Rational Drug Use in Khorasan Razavi province for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4281782 S. J. has served as a consultant for Bio-K+ and Summit PLC. General statement 4462593 J. M. P. has served as a consultant and speaker for Cubist. General statement 4462593 K. S. K. has served as a consultant for Cubist, Actavis/Forest Laboratories, and The Medicines Company. General statement 4462593 K. L. L. has received research funding or served as an advisor or consultant for Astellas, Cubist, Davol, Forest, and Pfizer Inc. General statement 4324183 S. I. P. has served as an advisory board member for, and received investigator-initiated research grants from, Pfizer Inc. and other vaccine manufacturers. General statement 5047400 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the study participants, their families, and study staff, without whom this research would not be possible. General acknowledgement 4396432 J. Z. L. has served as a consultant for TherapyEdge, Seracare Life Sciences, and Quest Diagnostics. General statement 5047394 E. R. D. is a member of the Rebiotix Inc. physician advisory board; and a clinical investigator. General statement 5047394 C. H. L. is a member of the Rebiotix Inc. physician advisory board and a clinical investigator. General statement 5047394 T. J. L. is a member of the Rebiotix Inc. physician advisory board. General statement 5632526 AcknowledgmentsThis study was selected for poster presentation at the IDSA Annual Meeting; ID Week October 26–30, 2016, New Orleans, Louisiana (Abstract 57052). Presentation 4567084 She has also served as an advisor and speaker to Abbvie, Jannsen, Bristol Myers Squibb, ViiV Healthcare, and Gilead Sciences. General statement 6007387 AcknowledgmentsThe results of this study were presented at: Infectious Diseases Society of America IDWeek; San Diego, CA; October 4–8, 2017. Presentation 5569702 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all patients and their families for participation in our research, and we thank the staff at the Hubert Kairuki Memorial University Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. General acknowledgement 4742637 He also has served as consultant to Astellas, ContraFect, Cubist, Drais, iCo, Novartis, Pfizer, Methylgene, SigmaTau, and Trius. General statement 5414105 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all the staff of the inpatient bone marrow unit at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center, without whom this study would not be possible. General acknowledgement 5407210 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge the patients and their families and staff at HIV Pathogenesis Programme and King Edward VIII Hospital. General acknowledgement 4866570 J. B. is an investigator from the Programa de Intensificación de la Actividad Investigadora en el Sistema Nacional de Salud (I3SNS) (Ref. General statement 4462892 J. E. L. has served as a consultant to Gilead Sciences and GlaxoSmithKline. General statement 4396430 R. M. G. served as a coinvestigator on research grants to Weill Cornell Medical College sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and Viiv. General statement 4281798 J. J. C. has served as a consultant on advisory boards for Janssen Pharmaceutical and reports personal fees from MSD. General statement 4324210 D. M. D. has served as a consultant (medical monitor) for a phase 2 clinical trial of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection conducted by Rebiotix. General statement 4438900 S. I. P. has served as an advisory board member for, and received investigator-initiated research grants from, Pfizer Inc. and other vaccine manufacturers. General statement 4759584 C. G. G. has served as a consultant to Pfizer in unrelated work. General statement 4943560 F. J. P. has served as a consultant and/or on the Speakers' Bureau for Gilead Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Merck, and Bristol Myers Squibb. General statement 4589647 AcknowledgmentsThis work was presented in part in abstract form at IDweek in October 2013. Presentation 5413999 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the patients and their families, study investigators, and the study team. General acknowledgement 4324233 He also served as a consultant to Aileron. General statement 3556884 Acknowledgment This work was presented at the American Cleft Palate Association Meeting, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina in March 2005. Presentation 5594717 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe would like to thank Dr. Mina Nikbakht, Mrs. Taiebeh Jafarnejad, Mr. Bagheri, Mr. Azhideh, and Mr. Ashrafian and the rest of the personnel of the BDCC in Hamadan and the Health Care Center in Hamadan for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5923254 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract for this paper was presented at the 8th Annual NATA Symposium on Patient Blood Management, Haemostasis and Thrombosis, April 20–21, 2017, Florence, Italy. Presentation 6047605 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Society of General Internal Medicine 38th Annual Meeting in 2015 and the 2015 AHRQ Research Conference as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6047605 The poster’s abstract was published in “Abstracts from the 38th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine” in Journal of General Internal Medicine: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3271-. Presentation 6201994 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Singapore Trauma and Acute Care Conference 2018 as only a poster presentation with our interim findings. Presentation 5158141 Also, this study was presented at the 7th International Conference on Public Health Among Greater Mekong Sub-Regional Countries on September 26–27, 2015, at Imperial Hotel, Hue city, Vietnam, as an oral presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5396935 We would like to thank all the health volunteers and the Ron Phibun people for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4948736 Without their cooperation, this work would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 5488108 This manuscript was previously presented as an abstract/poster at Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology; October 30–November 1, 2014; Chicago, IL, USA. Presentation 5315072 DisclosuresChristopher R. Heery is an investigator on the studies mentioned involving brachyury-targeting vaccines. General statement 5315074 An abstract presenting preliminary findings from this study was presented as a poster at the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia ASM, 2014. Presentation 5984636 Previous versions of the paper were presented at the European Population Conference Budapest June 2014 and the Italian Population Days February 2015. Presentation 5260930 AcknowledgmentsPart of the results of this manuscript were presented at the 20th World Congress of Epidemiology in Anchorage, Alaska, in 2014, with the support of the International Epidemiological Association by a prize this study won, titled “the International Epidemiological Association (IEA) Early Career Epidemiologists (ECE) best abstract competition.” Presentation 3523566 This paper was presented in part at the 2011 Pediatric Academic Societies and Asian Society for Pediatric Research Joint Meeting, Denver, Colorado, and ESPR 2011 52nd Annual Meeting, New Castle, United Kingdom, Pediatric Research. Presentation 4641187 The research was carried out primarily at The University of North Carolina at Charlotte and presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the American Thoracic Society in San Diego, CA, May 20, 2014. Presentation 4182073 AcknowledgmentThis study was presented in a poster discussion section at 16th Turkish Thoracic Society Congress, Belek, Turkey, in 2013. Presentation 6251830 Tong Joo Gan, Robert S. Epstein, and Peter G. Whang have served as consultants to Trevena, Inc. General statement 6251832 Prior PresentationThe results of the study were presented as a poster communication at XIV Congress of the Spanish Society of Pain (Sociedad Española del Dolor, SED), June 1–3 June, 2017. Presentation 5447543 Portions of this analysis were presented at the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) anesthesiology annual meeting, Oct 24–28, 2015, San Diego, CA, USA. Presentation 5447543 Armando Torres-Gomez has served as a speaker for Pfizer Inc. General statement 4107881 Portions of the findings reported in this manuscript were presented at the 14th World Congress on Pain; August 27–31, 2012; Milan, Italy. Presentation 4108021 Results of this study were presented in part at the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) 14th World Congress on Pain, August 27–31, 2012, Milan, Italy. Presentation 4107916 This work was presented at 14th World Congress, organized by IASP (International association for study of pain) August 27–30, 2012, Milan, Italy, and 6th South Asian Regional Pain Society (SARPS) congress January 13–15, 2012, Karachi, Pakistan. Presentation 4107863 Results were presented as a poster presentation at the 42nd Annual Society for Epidemiologic Research meeting in Anaheim, California, 2009, and an oral presentation at the XXth World Congress of the International Society of the Study of Vulvovaginal Disorders. Presentation 5130910 He is a member of the EU Project No 633491: DOLOR-isk. General statement 5130910 He is a member of the IMI “Europain” collaboration and industry members of this are: Astra Zeneca, Pfizer, Esteve, UCB-Pharma, Sanofi Aventis, Grünenthal GmbH, Eli Lilly and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. General statement 5866607 T. C. W. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6233128 D. C. R. is an investigator at Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 5748220 A. J. H. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 5703326 R. M. E. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the March of Dimes Chair in Molecular and Developmental Biology at the Salk Institute. General statement 5834696 S. E. J. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6042074 R. N. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6048502 P. M. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 4466741 K. D. is an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the National Institutes of Health. General statement 4466741 T. is an investigator at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory. General statement 5948964 J. C. is an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 5889621 D. G. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6294949 A. I. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6003445 Y. F. D. is Research Director at the FNRS. General statement 5798360 S. E. J. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 5889622 We acknowledge the individuals who participated in this precision medicine screening study, without whom the findings would not be possible. General acknowledgement 5448167 V. K. M. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6065006 This study would not have been possible without many important contributions by the late Chris Jacomb on the archaeology of New Zealand. General acknowledgement 5776812 S. C. H. is an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6004480 C. D. L. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6187131 R. M. E. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Salk Institute and the March of Dimes Chair in Molecular and Developmental Biology. General statement 5740635 G. S. and R. G. are investigators of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6142220 V. K. M. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6233066 Y. N. J. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6205462 (ERC StG 677278 TEMPDEP). General statement 5866538 I. F. is a member of the DFG-funded cluster of excellence ImmunoSensation. General statement 6166800 This work would not have been possible without collaboration with five rice farmers in peninsular India. General acknowledgement 5819449 M. J. W. is an Investigator of the HHMI. General statement 6187163 J. L. D. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and F. C. S. is a Faculty Scholar of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6099852 W. S. and C. P. S. are members of the Anthropocene Working Group. General statement 4387597 Without their efforts, this article would not be possible. General acknowledgement 5809810 We are grateful to all our patients and their families for putting their confidence in us and entrusting us with their health. General acknowledgement 527874 A preliminary version of this study was presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists (ASCP), San Antonio, TX, Oct 7–10, 2004. Presentation 1802867 Presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology 42nd Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, June 2–6, 2006 Presentation 4153918 This study was presented at the annual conference of the Wisconsin Chapter of the American College of Surgeons at Kohler, WI (8 to 9 November 2013) and 9th International Symposium on Regional Cancer Therapies at Steamboat Springs, Colorado (15 to 17 February 2014). Presentation 4641365 We acknowledge all members of the histopathology department of Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4546141 Without their efforts, this article would not be possible. General acknowledgement 1524768 Presented at the 46th Annual Meeting of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Chicago (IL), May 14–18, 2005. Presentation 5009679 Without their efforts, this operation would not be possible. General acknowledgement 4588897 AcknowledgementThis study was presented at Fellows Case Conference at the SSO Annual Cancer Symposium, March 2015, Houston, TX. Presentation 6182828 Preliminary results of the full University of Maryland Sarcoma database were presented at ASCO 2015 in abstract and poster format, Abstract # e21525, J Clin Oncol 33, 2015. Presentation 2241597 This was presented at the Ulster Society of Gastroenterology, Belfast, Northern Ireland – 18th October 2007. Presentation 549519 It was presented, in part, at the 93rd annual meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Vancouver, BC, Canada, March 6–12, 2004. Presentation 4995804 Both authors are members of Thai Society of Clinical Oncology. General statement 6035800 The abstract of this study has been presented at the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgery (S132), Annual Meeting, March 22–25, 2017, Houston, TX, USA . Presentation 4736257 Without their efforts, this work would not be possible. General acknowledgement 2277417 Presented at the Society of Surgical Oncology 60th Annual Meeting, Washington, D. C., March 16, 2007. Presentation 6086997 We appreciate the participation of the patients and their families. General acknowledgement 1183253 This study was presented in part at the 94th annual meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Feb 26th – March 3rd, 2005, San Antonio, TX, USA Presentation 5335842 The topic was presented as a electronic poster at the E-AHPBA meeting in 2015 in Manchester, U. K. Presentation 5571652 The authors thank the patients and their families for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 5356282 Authors’ informationGuang Chen is a member of International Society of Surgery (ISS), a member of International Association of Endocrine Surgeon (IAES), and a council member of Asian Association of Endocrine Surgeon (AsAES). General statement 1540418 An abstract of the present study was presented at the 2nd International Congress of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Santorini Island Greece, 23–25 June 2005. Presentation 2533667 This paper was originally presented as part of SSAT/AGA/ASGE Poster Presentation at the SSAT 49th Annual Meeting, May 2008, in San Diego, CA. Presentation 4536700 Without their efforts, this article would not be possible. General acknowledgement 2277416 This was presented at Clinical Skills Section Meeting, Royal Society of Medicine, London (Poster & Podium Presentation, 17th Nov. 2005) Presentation 2254405 Presented at the 6th International Conference on Head and Neck Cancer, Washington, D. C. August 8, 2004. Presentation 5084434 The results of this study were presented at the American Society Breast Surgeons annual meeting April 2016, Dallas, TX. Presentation 544581 Presented at the 5th International Conference on Head and Neck Cancer, American Head and Neck Society, San Francisco, California, August 1, 2000. Presentation 1698919 This abstract was first presented at the European Association of Coloproctology 2nd A. G. M., in Bologna, Italy, September 2005. Presentation 5902514 Author NoteThe authors are grateful to the patients and their families, as well as to the other volunteering participants for taking part in this study. General acknowledgement 6267550 Part of this work was presented at the International Conference on Thinking 2016. Presentation 4887543 Portions of the research were presented at the Cognitive Science Conference, 2014, in Québec City, Canada. Presentation 5390002 Portions of this research were presented at the 17th European Conference on Eye Movements (Lund, Sweden, August 2013). Presentation 5486867 Portions of this research were presented at The Rank Prize Funds: Symposium on Visual Aspects of Reading (March, 2015, Grasmere, UK). Presentation 5956133 AcknowledgmentsAs noted in the Introduction, portions of this paper were presented at the 10th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Cochlear Implants and Related Sciences, held in Beijing in late April and early May of 2015. Presentation 4404401 Early findings of this study were presented at the European Association of Palliative Care Congress 2013. Presentation 3200430 The authors thank the patients and their families for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6182479 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe investigators would like to thank Phoenix Children's Hospital, and specifically the staff of the emergency, gastroenterology, and information and technology departments for their cooperation with this study. General acknowledgement 4141082 C. Britto and J. D. Andrade Filho are research fellows of CNPq. General statement 4462189 All authors are members of LeishVet (www.leishvet.org). General statement 2441609 Likewise, we would like to acknowledge the Department of Health – Center for Health Development Caraga Region, Provincial Health Team and the Provincial Health Office of Agusan del Sur, and the Local Government Units of the different municipalities of Agusan del Sur, and the community members, for their cooperation and contributions in making this project possible. General acknowledgement 5123338 A preliminary version of this study was presented at the XIII ICOPA 2014 conference. Presentation 5759297 Furthermore, the authors wish to thank the farmers for their cooperation in this study. General acknowledgement 5219801 We thank all the volunteers in the study, as well as the Ashanti Akim North District HeaIth Directorate in the Ashanti Region, Sene West and Atebubu Amantin District HeaIth Directorates in the Brong Ahafo Region for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6282346 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 6204000 We are grateful to the study volunteers and residents of Butemba, Kyankwanzi District in Uganda for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5634829 A. C. S. and W. L. F. are fellows from the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP). General statement 4514938 AH is a member of the Excellence Cluster Immunosensation (DFG, EXC 1023) and of the German Centre of Infectious Disease (DZIF). General statement 2577633 This work would not have been a success without participation of the communities of Mabogini, Rau Kati, Mtakuja and Chekereni villages, their cooperation is highly appreciated. General acknowledgement 5576278 C Britto and CM d’Avila-Levy are researcher fellows of CNPq and FAPERJ (CNE, JCNE), and OC Moreira is a research fellow of FAPERJ (JCNE). General statement 5894193 FundingConstança Britto and Otacilio Moreira are research fellows of the CNPq and FAPERJ (CNE and JCNE). General statement 4297455 DisclosureThis work was presented in the 8th World Congress of the World Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases-WSPID, Cape Town, South Africa. Presentation 6044043 Part of this work has been presented in the 8th International Congress of Dipterology, held in Potsdam, Germany, during 10–15 August 2014. Presentation 5385088 Partial results from this study were presented at the VII International Simuliidae Symposium held in Zaragoza, Spain, in September 2016. Presentation 4132920 Field and laboratory work would have not been possible without the support of faculty and students of the School of Microbiology and the Masters Program in Infectious and Zoonotic Diseases at UNAH. General acknowledgement 5237250 We also thank the residents of Bangui for their cooperation throughout the study. General acknowledgement 5039805 Authors’ informationJW AD ZL RM US MEB PJH and BZ are researchers at Baylor College of Medicine, National School of Tropical Medicine and the section of Pediatric Tropical Medicine, as well as the Texas Children’s Hospital and Sabin Vaccine Institute Center for Vaccine Development (www.bcm.edu/tropicalmedicine), Houston, USA. General statement 5039805 XG and MM are researchers in McDonnel Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA. General statement 5520231 FundingNS, ML and PP are research fellows, supported by CNPq. Financial 5516363 We thank the community of Tajau Laut for their cooperation and interest during this research. General acknowledgement 5073795 Ibex capture and sample collection would have not been possible without the aid of Apolo Sánchez, José López, Isidro Puga, Elías Martínez, Manuela Cárdenas, Francisco Casado and Antonio Rodríguez, to whom the authors are deeply indebted. General acknowledgement 4436170 We thank the Managers and Technicians of CIRDES insectary for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4189627 RMO and MR are members of the Malaria Centre of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, http:/malaria.lshtm.ac.uk/. General statement 4391604 AH is a member of the Excellence Cluster Immunosensation (DFG, EXC 1023) and of the German Centre of Infectious Disease (DZIF). General statement 5518140 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 5797342 EGK and JTM are researchers from CNPq. General statement 5887228 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 6215654 AL and RAA are members of the Carrera del Investigador Científico del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas of Argentina (CONICET). General statement 5719751 We are also thankful to personnel of the Bashagard Health Center for their cooperation in the field. General acknowledgement 5585980 JN, RP, MLH, LA and ALCF are members of the CONICET Researcher’s Career. General statement 4543463 JD Andrade Filho and CMF Gontijo are research fellows of CNPq. General statement 6069568 The owners of the dogs and staff of the kennels are acknowledged for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6060454 This platform is a member of the Vectopole Sud network and of the LabEX CEMEB (Centre Méditerranéen de l’Environnement et de la Biodiversité) in Montpellier. General statement 5747039 FundingNFCS and PFPP are research fellows, supported by CNPq. Financial 4488986 We acknowledge the Amhara National Regional State Health Bureau for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4641389 Our research would not have been possible without the continued and significant collaboration with the different Fulani groups in Chad as well as with the authorities and general population of Côte d’Ivoire and Chad. General acknowledgement 5688452 We thank the owners and veterinary practice staff for their cooperation in this project. General acknowledgement 4504406 We are grateful to all the laboratory technicians of the IIET staff for their cooperation and help during the study period. General acknowledgement 6167819 RS is a member of the Argentinean Direction of Vector-Borne Disease. General statement 6109322 We thank the teachers and children of Ikingwamanoti primary school for their cooperation and participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6029041 Additionally MZJ, JGC, NVS, JBA, LFR and LCB are members of the National System of Researchers, SNI. General statement 5129665 We would like to thank the hunters for their cooperation and positive attitude toward studying sylvatic carnivore parasites. General acknowledgement 5681788 AH and LEL are members of the Excellence Cluster Immunosensation (DFG, EXC 1023). General statement 5681788 AH, LEL and KP are members of the German Centre of Infectious Disease (DZIF). General statement 6198431 10 Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Winchesterstr. General statement 6198431 11National Reference Unit (NRU) for Vector Control, The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 3851, Messa, Yaounde, Cameroon. General statement 6198431 12Laboratory of General Biology, University of Yaounde I, P. O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon. General statement 5782366 We would like to acknowledge all Kombolcha Health Centre staff for their cooperation for the accomplishment of this study. General acknowledgement 5513196 Leonardus A. B. Joosten is a PVE fellow of CNPq; FR-D, MAPO, MMT and ACB are fellow researchers of CNPq; JCS is PhD student, fellow of CNPq; RSG is a post-doctoral researcher, fellow of CNPq; MVTS is PhD student, fellow of FAPEG. General statement 4369093 C. Britto and Y. Gomes are research fellows of CNPq. General statement 4311433 J. D. is a member of Jiangsu Provincial Innovative Research Team. General statement 4765236 We are grateful to the study volunteers and residents of Butemba, Kyankwanzi District in Uganda for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4886396 Authors’ informationAH and LEL are members of the Excellence Cluster Immunosensation (DFG, EXC 1023) and of the German Centre of Infectious Disease (DZIF). General statement 5824494 We are very grateful to the community where we conducted screening and where participants came from for their cooperation and understanding. General acknowledgement 5069880 This study would not have been possible without their support. General acknowledgement 5217334 The work would not have been possible without the continued support over many years by Haja Rakotomanana and Daniel Rakotondravony from the University of Antananarivo, Department of Animal Biology. General acknowledgement 5569519 We thank the Madagascar Ministry of Health as well as local leaders, health providers, community health workers and residents at the assessment sites for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6118006 MVC, MSG, GFE and REG are members of CONICET Researcher’s Career. General statement 5935946 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 6296151 This project would not have been possible without the hospitality of the residents of Thinkeo and Silalek villages. General acknowledgement 4845364 We also thank the residents of Gbanikola for their cooperation throughout the study. General acknowledgement 5894152 The authors are grateful to the residents of Rosso and Kobeni for their cooperation throughout the study. General acknowledgement 2714297 I. Amelotti, SS Catalá and DE Gorla are members of CONICET (Argentina). General statement 4307133 This study was presented in part in the I Congreso Latinoamericano de Tapires y II Congreso Ecuatoriano de Mastozoología, Puyo, Pastaza (Ecuador), May 8–11, 2013 (oral communication I-CLT 048), and in the IV Congreso Latinoamericano de Enfermedades Rickettsiales, San José (Costa Rica), July 22–24, 2013 (abstracts A-17 and B-13). Presentation 4825088 The authors are members of the INCT de Processos Redox em Biomedicina-Redoxoma (FAPESP/CNPq/CAPES, proc 573530/2008-4). General statement 4502643 The authors gratefully acknowledge the study subjects for their cooperation and enthusiasm to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 5096305 The authors would like to appreciate the collaboration received from personnel of the Jask Health Center for their cooperation in the field. General acknowledgement 5683217 PBP and MAS are members of the Research Career Program from CONICET. General statement 5693468 We thank Mambwe M. Mambo R. Mwango, J. Ndhlovu, J. Kamanga for their technical support, Nyembe and Mtandaza Local communities for their cooperation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6182812 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 4599586 MOD, IAM, AMI, GD, CMG, ADM are members of the COST Action TD1303. General statement 5738590 Sampling would have not been possible without the enthusiastic compliance of local villagers and the precious collaboration of the staff members from the Central Karakoram National Park. General acknowledgement 3888638 Additionally, we would like to thank the farmers for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4752658 The authors thank all the farmers who participated in this study for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4574209 Competing interests: KA is a member of the International Leptospirosis Society. General statement 5598021 Previous presentationThis research was previously presented as a poster at the 52nd European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Annual Meeting, 12–16 September in Munich, Germany. Presentation 5089593 An abstract of this study was presented at the EuroPRevent 2015 meeting (May 2015, Lisbon) and at the 36th annual meeting of the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (October 2015, Nagoya). Presentation 5043515 Most importantly, we thank our study participants and their parents for their cooperation and participation, without which this research would not be possible. General acknowledgement 4840987 AcknowledgementThe authors thank the study participants for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5893474 This study was presented in part as a poster at the Obesity Society Annual Meeting in Los Angeles, CA, in November 2015. Presentation 3781864 This work was presented in part as a poster at the Second Rencontres de l’Association Francophone pour la Prévention-Réadaptation Cardiovasculaire held in Paris, France, in October 2006. Presentation 4994876 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the participants and their coaches for their cooperation and enthusiasm in the study. General acknowledgement 5098764 The abstract of this paper was presented at the 4th Annual Podiatric Sports Medicine Conference in Association with European College of Sports & Exercise Physicians, June 19–20, 2015, in London, UK. Presentation 4447174 We thank the players and their coaches for their cooperation with our research. General acknowledgement 4226445 Most importantly, we express our appreciation to the research volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6267712 Part of this study was presented in Oral Presentation format at 23rd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, Dublin, Ireland, 4–7 July 2018 (Session-ID: OP-PM80). Presentation 4529255 AcknowledgmentsThe findings of this research study were presented at the European College of Sports Science Conference (2015). Presentation 5733917 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the 22nd conference of the International Society for Skiing Safety (ISSS) at Innsbruck/Austria, April 17th–22nd, 2017. Presentation 5436787 Additionally, many thanks go to the ski boarding school, headmaster and head coach, and all coaches for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4378281 This paper was presented at: Society of Teachers of Family Medicine Annual Spring Conference, May 3–7, 2014, San Antonio, TX, USA; and American Medical Society of Sports Medicine Annual Conference, April 4–9, 2014, New Orleans, LA, USA. Presentation 3575609 This paper was presented as the poster at the 2009 American Society of Anesthesiology, October New Orleans, LA, USA. Presentation 3352625 DisclourePortions of this work were presented at the Society of General Internal Medicine New England Regional (March 13, 2009, Boston, MA) and National (May 14, 2009, Miami, FL) meetings. Presentation 3610349 Conflict of InterestsProfessor S. M. Armstrong is a member of the advisory board to Lundbeck (Australia). General statement 5452410 SPG is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 2734551 I am Research Director of the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research. General statement 4627628 This work would not be possible without the collaborations of Marieke Rosenbaum, Nancy Cavero, Tatiana Quevedo, Catalina Hermoza, Milagros Ramos, Helene Collongues and Raul Bello. General acknowledgement 2533353 MB ("FRIA" fellow), SL ("FRIA" fellow), RK (Research Director), LW (Research Director), JCT (Post-doctoral fellow) and JFD (Technician) are members of the FNRS. General statement 526217 RK and LW are research directors of the (FNRS) whereas CD is a "Télévie" fellow. General statement 2603043 ABB is the senior research assistant of the "Action de Recherche Concertée" of the "Communauté Française de Belgique" and LW is a "Research Director" of the FNRS. General statement 524375 SPG is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 2474847 SB and MS are fellows of the CNRS-Région Languedoc Roussillon and DGA-CNRS, respectively. General statement 5095936 LW is a research director of the FNRS. General statement 5644262 Dr. M John Gill has served as an ad hoc member of National HIV advisory boards to Merck, Gilead and ViiV in last 3 years. General statement 4301901 HGK and BM are investigators of the excellence cluster CellNetworks (EXC81). General statement 1839114 NG ("Télévie" Fellows), AF (Research Fellow), MB (FRIA Fellow), CB, HB and JD ("Télévie" Fellows) and RK and LW (Research Directors) are members of the FNRS. General statement 2639529 Parts of these results were presented in abstract form at the 2007 Keystone Symposia on HIV Vaccines , and at the 2006 Meeting on Retroviruses . Presentation 4779582 S. P. G. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 4683785 CVL is Research Director of the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS). General statement 5430001 Castroflorio and Dr. Garino have held lectures and conferences for Align Technology in the past 5 years. General statement 4684560 The authors also thank the University of Barcelona, the Children Hospital of Barcelona, CAP, Montcada i Reixac, and the children and their mothers for their cooperation in carrying out this study. General acknowledgement 4329619 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSPart of this work was presented at the 10th International Symposium on Resistance Arteries (ISRA) 8-12 May 2011. Presentation 4461959 The authors are also grateful to Department of Pharmacology, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 3941452 The authors would like to thank the Yale-New Haven staff for their cooperation and thoughtful responses, particularly Dr. Karen Jubanyik, Mark Sevilla, Maria Teresa Perez, and Dr. Gail D’onofrio. General acknowledgement 5505101 The authors thank all nurses and personnel of Erfan and Milad hospitals for their cooperation in all stages of the study. General acknowledgement 3966447 This manuscript would not have been possible without her tireless efforts. General acknowledgement 4323181 Dr. Bernstein has served as an expert witness for plaintiffs in litigation against the tobacco companies. General statement 4323181 Abstract presented at the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting, June 2, 2011; Boston, Massachusetts. Presentation 3236144 The study was previously presented at the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Annual Education Conference, March 2007, in Orlando, Florida. Presentation 2691515 This project would not have been possible without their assistance. General acknowledgement 5490398 Part of this research was presented at the 2016 and 2017 PNW Student Research Day and 2017 Indiana Academy of Science 132nd Annual Meeting (Indianapolis, IN, USA) by D. M. Hammonds. Presentation 5490398 Partial research results described in this manuscript was presented by M. F. Isaac-Lam at the KMS Symposium Eighth International Conference on Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines in Istanbul, Turkey (2014) in celebration of 50 years of porphyrin chemistry and 70th birthday of Kevin M. Smith (Chemistry Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rogue, LA, USA). Presentation 5620609 This research would not have been possible without the contribution of many scientists. General acknowledgement 5748648 Alberto Javier Ramos, Veronica Murta and Jerónimo Auzmendi are researchers from CONICET (Argentina). General statement 5874712 This research would not have been possible without the contribution of many scientists. General acknowledgement 6027359 This research would not have been possible without the contribution of many scientists. General acknowledgement 5620612 Parts of this work have been presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2016, San Diego, CA, USA. Presentation 3563669 Dr. Crengle was supported by the University of Auckland where she is a member of Te Kupenga Hauora Māori, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. General statement 4664846 F. D. C. (first author), K. T. S. A. and P. D. are members of a psychiatry incare and outcare staff responsible for the patient's care, and worked together in writing this case report with a brief review. General statement 5803624 Dr. Moskovitz has served as a consultant on writing pedagogy, scientific writing, and writing in the undergraduate curriculum for a number of US colleges and universities. General statement 5803638 Competing interestsMR is a member of the editorial board of RIPR. General statement 5803578 Dr. Haut has served as a consultant and on the DSMB for Acorda. General statement 4282476 The study would not have been possible without their cooperation and efforts. General acknowledgement 4229960 AcknowledgmentsThe authors’ appreciation is extended to the volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 3622404 P. Bath is a member of the VISTA Executive Committee, and is a Stroke Association Professor of Stroke Medicine. General statement 3518054 The paper was presented at the International Conference on Gender & Development in the World of Work, held in Jhansi, India in March 2010, and was first published in Sahaya, A., Kaishta, S. and Patel, V. (Eds.) Presentation 5989695 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the patients and their families for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5106485 Aspects of this work were presented in part at the American Society of Hematology 55th Annual Meeting in New Orleans, LA, American Society of Hematology 57th Annual Meeting in Orlando, FL, and the American Society of Pediatric Hematology Oncology 27th Annual Meeting in Chicago, IL. Presentation 5995162 J. M. and J. B. are members of the Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA. General statement 5470173 All authors are members of the Alberta Diabetes Institute and of the Canadian National Transplant Research Program (CNTRP). General statement 5785708 K. is a member of the Houston Methodist Neurological Institute and the faculty of Weill Cornell Medical College. General statement 5425659 M. O. is a member of the Ontario Stem Cell initiative and a member of the Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence. General statement 3849256 K. T. and Y. N. are Research Fellows of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. General statement 4235745 G. Q. D. is a member of the scientific advisory board of iPierian and Verastem. General statement 4618836 R. T. M. is an Investigator of the HHMI. General statement 4944721 S. K. is a member of the HIGO Program, MEXT, Japan. General statement 3916756 This paper was presented in part at the 20th ISER meeting in July 2012 and the 3rd TERMIS World congress in September 2012. Presentation 3757741 Y. Z. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 4912385 L. S. is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Neurona Therapeutics. General statement 5470077 M. R. G. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 6235668 N. P. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 5830914 M. R. is a member of the research training group 2162 “Neurodevelopment and Vulnerability of the Central Nervous System” of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. General statement 5063541 C. B. and P. M. are investigators of TERCEL. General statement 5032669 AcknowledgmentsWe thank patients and their families for their generosity. General acknowledgement 4682291 M. G. R. is an investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 4400649 E. R. C. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 3757755 I. L. W. is a member of the scientific advisory board of StemCells. General statement 5390942 Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the 30th and 32nd International Human Science Research Conferences. Presentation 5464398 An earlier version of this article was presented at the 39th Annual Conference of the International Merleau-Ponty Circle. Presentation 4129845 We wish to thank all the patients and volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 3775626 This work would not have been possible without an ongoing collaboration with David Fredricks, Noah Hoffman, Martin Morgan, and Sujatha Srinivasan at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. General acknowledgement 6251344 This research project would not have been possible without their participation, diligence, professionalism, and dedication. General acknowledgement 6087621 The authors thank all the volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5147020 The authors would like to thank all the participating dental practices and all patients for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6211264 MLG, CG, EC, and HH are members of CONICET, Argentina. General statement 5401625 Alejandro Lucia and Ariel Ceferino Toloza are members of the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET (Argentina). General statement 5075713 Part of this work was presented as a Master’s thesis at Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University by SJJ towards his MPH degree in Applied Epidemiology. Presentation 3845870 This study would not have been possible without generous assistance of Robert Plomin, Bonamy Oliver, Alexandra Trouton, and other staff from the Twins Early Development Study. General acknowledgement 4232843 This manuscript would not have been possible without their untiring assistance. General acknowledgement 4991849 Ms. Karen Hammond and Ms. Elsie Cough served as the Animal Care Technicians for the study. General statement 4815555 Without their efforts this type of analysis would not be possible. General acknowledgement 4867735 These findings were presented at the 11th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Medical Publication Professionals, 27–29 April 2015, Arlington, VA, USA. Presentation 5659216 We are also incredibly indebted to the boat owners/captains for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5363262 This project would not have been possible without the consent and support of Goolarabooloo Millibinyarri Indigenous Corporation, the Yawuru Community, Yawuru Traditional Owners and The Dinosaur Coast Management Group. General acknowledgement 5742277 Preliminary results were presented at ARO 2017 conference. Presentation 6110251 This study was presented at the 10th Balkan Congress of Microbiology, 16–18 November 2017, Sofia, Bulgaria. Presentation 5471688 Competing interestsAC is a member of the ‘Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic’ writing group. General statement 3770703 The results were presented in part during 8th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East held in Warsaw, 30 April-4 May 2012. Presentation 3110621 Emerging findings from this media analysis were presented at the World Pneumonia Day Summit held on November 2, 2009 in New York. Presentation 3023775 AA is a detached member of CNRS, France. General statement 5634543 Preliminary results were presented in a rapid-fire session at the World Cancer Congress 2014. Presentation 4153565 Footnote: Preliminary analyses of these data were presented as a poster abstract no. 1055 in the 52nd Annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy held in San Francisco, 9–12 September, 2012. Presentation 4061058 Part of the results of this study was presented as a poster (abstract cod. Presentation 3341399 Portions of this work were presented at: the Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting in Baltimore, MD (March 2009); the 60th Fujihara Seminar “Zinc Signaling and Cellular Functions”, Osaka, Japan (October 2010); and the 2nd International Society of Zinc Biology Symposium in Melbourne, Australia (January 2012). Presentation 3616022 Preliminary findings from this study were presented at the 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), March 2012. Presentation 4206465 The results of the study were presented in part at the 6th Croatian Cochrane Symposium in Split, Croatia, 6 June 2014. Presentation 5608201 AT is member of the Technical Advisory Committee of the National Tuberculosis Control Program from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. General statement 3144220 These results were presented in part at the 8th Canadian Immunization Conference, November 30-December 3, 2008, Toronto, Canada, (abstract O06) and at the 12th Annual Conference on Vaccine Research, April 27–29, 2009, Baltimore, Maryland, (abstract S15). Presentation 5544184 Part of this study was presented at the 3rd World Congress on Controversies, Debate and Consensus in Bone, Muscle & Joint Diseases, Montréal, Canada, April 2015. Presentation 4406495 Preliminary results were presented at the Annual Meeting of the Neural Control of Movement in San Juan, Puerto Rico, in April 2013. Presentation 3948741 This study was presented in part as a poster presentation at the American Society of Nephrology Meeting in San Diego in November 2012. Presentation 2994750 The results of this study, in part, were presented at the 18th International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research Meeting in June 2009 in London, United Kingdom. Presentation 5705145 J. M-P is a member of Spanish Group for Research in Breast Cancer (GEICAM) and of the Institute for Research and Development of the University Hospital La Paz (IDPAZ). General statement 4162535 Dr. Silverstein is a member of The Outcomes Research Consortium his email is: jeff.silverstein@mssm.edu. General statement 4195682 Portions of this work were presented in abstract form under the title “Three survival prognostic indicators for spinal column epidural neoplasm metastasis when the primary neoplasm is unknown” at the Global Spine Congress, Hong Kong Exhibition Centre; Hong Kong, China, April 4–6, 2013. Presentation 3954545 A preliminary version of these findings were presented on 27 April 2012 at Stanford University's Graduate School of Business in a conference titled, Japan's Entrepreneurial Crossroads – What Lies Ahead under the auspices of the Stanford Project on Japanese Entrepreneurship (STAJE). Presentation 3797056 Preliminary study results were presented as a poster at the 17th Annual Conference of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease – North America Region, Vancouver, February 28 – March 2, 2013. Presentation 3913686 This research was presented as a poster abstract G16 at CMV 2012, San Francisco, California, October 29-November 2, 2012. Presentation 4061019 SM is a junior member of the Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 3310855 Preliminary results of this work were presented at the 31st Annual Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Meeting, February 11, 2011, San Francisco, CA. Presentation 3587624 Parts of these data were presented previously at the 19th ISSTDR Conference, 2011, Québec, Canada and at the 14th ISVHLD Conference, 2012, Shanghai, China. Presentation 3951427 Part of this work was presented orally during the FEBS 13th Young Scientists' Forum (YSF), 3–6 July 2013, St. Petersburg, Russia, and as a poster during the FEBS Advanced Lecture Course, Molecular Mechanisms in Signal Transduction and Cancer, August 16–24, 2013 Spetses, Greece. Presentation 2258152 This study was presented in part at the 54th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Presentation 3503894 Parts of this study were presented at the 71th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, San Diego, California, 2011. Presentation 3378545 Part of this work was presented, as a poster, at the 2011 Conference on Implantable Auditory Prosthesis (Asilomar, CA, USA), and as an oral communication at the 12th International Conference on Cochlear Implants and Other Implantable Auditory Technologies (Baltimore, MA, USA, 2012). Presentation 3871554 Parts of this work were presented at the American Society of Nephrology annual meeting, Philadelphia, October 25 - 28, 2005 (J Am Soc Nephrol, 2005). Presentation 3061856 CW is a member of the BVI (Bristol Vision Institute) collaborative network. General statement 3397966 Portions of this paper were introduced previously in a poster at the 34th annual meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism in Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America. Presentation 4099370 BB is a member of the Centre de recherche sur la biologie de l'ARN and the FRSQ-funded Centre de recherche clinique Étienne-Le Bel. General statement 4139351 ICRISAT is a member of CGIAR Consortium. General statement 3012072 TK is an Emeritus member of the National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP (Tokyo, Japan). General statement 3098852 O. T. F is a member of the CellNetworks Cluster of Excellence EXC81. General statement 6016928 The results of the study were presented in part in a moderated poster session (MP5-14) at the 35th Word Congress of Endourology (WCE) in Vancouver, Canada, 12–16 September 2017 and as a poster presentation (PE24) at the 14th Meeting of the EAU Robotic Urology Section (ERUS) in Bruges, Belgium, 26–27 September 2017. Presentation 4349596 This study was presented at the 29th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology (ICPE) in Montreal, Canada on August 26, 2013. Presentation 4636307 AGB is a member of the EU COST-Action BM1308 “Sharing Advances on Large Animal Models (SALAAM)”. General statement 4780808 This manuscript was accepted and presented as a poster (P2-12-16) at 2015 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. Presentation 6177183 Posters with the experiment set-up and some preliminary results were presented at the international conference on Advanced Technologies & Treatments for Diabetes (ATTD) 2017. Presentation 3639266 Ernesto Ambroggio is a Researcher Career member of CONICET-Argentina. General statement 3961428 Portions of this work were presented at the 6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, Rome, Italy, July 17-20, 2011 (Abstract TUPE266). Presentation 4907424 This work was presented in part as a poster presentation at the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Oncology held in Chicago, Illinois, May 30-Jun 3, 2014. Presentation 3660249 (This work was presented in part as a poster at the 51st Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Chicago, 17 to 20 September 2011, presentation number E-1314). Presentation 2216433 Results were presented in part at the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 54th Annual Meeting, December, 2006. Presentation 5770038 S. R. M. is a staff member of the Departamento de Bioquímica–Instituto de Química–USP. General statement 3944727 B U Nwosu is a member of the UMass Diabetes and Endocrine Research Center (DK32520). General statement 4370801 This study was presented as an oral presentation in XXVIII World Buiatrics Congress 2014, Cairns, Australia. Presentation 5448809 This work was presented as a poster communication at the 50th European Renal Association (ERA-EDTA) meeting, Istanbul, in May 2013 and at the 54th Italian Society of Nephrology meeting, Firenze, in September 2013. Presentation 5358848 The preliminary results of this study were presented at the 28th European Conference on Philosophy of Medicine and Healthcare held in Debrecen, Hungary on August 27–30, 2014. Presentation 5358848 MMC is a member of COST Action IS1201 Disaster Bioethics. General statement 4643877 Part of this study was presented at the XIX Lancefield International Symposium on Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases, Buenos Aires, Nov 2104. Presentation 4701449 The results were presented as an abstract in Abstracts 7th international congress “sepsis and multiorgan dysfunction”. Presentation 5271314 This work was partially presented as a poster in the Glasgow HIV Drug Therapy congress (November 2014) Abstract P153. Presentation 4338188 A proportion of this work was selected for poster presentation and presented at Kidney Week 2013, American Society of Nephrology Annual Meeting, on November 8 at the Georgia World Congress Center in Atlanta, GA. Presentation 4139292 BS is a member of Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 3006174 Parts of this study were presented at the ASN Renal Week 2007. Presentation 4882033 Preliminary findings from this study were presented at the 77th annual conference for the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, Phoenix, AZ. Presentation 5521829 Previous presentationsThe results of this study were presented in abstract form as O284 SHIFTING PARADIGMS IN LIVE KIDNEY DONATION: ATTITUDES OF TRANSPLANT PROFESSIONALS, Jeff Lafranca, Emerentia Spoon, Jacqueline Van De Wetering, Jan IJzermans, Frank Dor http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tri.12700/abstract Presentation 5497951 Part of this study was already presented at the ERA–EDTA Congress 2013 where it received honorable mention for being one of the most visited poster. Presentation 4363319 Partial results were presented at the EORTC Melanoma Group spring meeting 2014. Presentation 4689490 Preliminary analysis of this work was presented as a poster during the 11th European Congress on Epileptology in Stockholm Sweden, 29 June- 3 July 2014. Presentation 4909202 The results of this study were presented in part at the 18th International Conference of Partial Least Squares and Related Methods (PLS2014), Paris, France, and at the 16th Conference of the Applied Stochastic Models and Data International Society (ASMDA 2015), Piraeus, Greece. Presentation 5515476 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 3722140 Preliminary results of this study were presented as a poster entitled “On the effect of name ambiguity on measures of large-scale co-authorship networks” at The International Conference on Network Science, 20 June 2012 (http://netsci2012.net/). Presentation 3375256 A part of this work was presented as a poster at the Keystone Symposia, Keystone, CO, USA, Feb 2011 and Experimental Biology Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, 2012. Presentation 5967740 Preliminary results of the study were presented at 9th International AIDS Society (IAS) conference on HIV Science held in Paris, France in 23–26 July 2017; abstract number, A-854-0147-02626. Presentation 3779240 Disclaimer: The author is a staff member of the World Health Organization. General statement 5104374 Earlier reports of this research were presented at the annual meetings of the Society for Neuroscience 2013 (San Diego, CA. Presentation 6155522 Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the 77rd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Diabetes Association, San Diego, CA, June 9–13, 2017 and the 53rd Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Lisbon, Portugal, September 11–15, 2017. Presentation 5783383 Portions of this work were presented at the 171st meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Salt Lake City, USA, and at the 2017 meeting of the American Auditory Society, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA. Presentation 3898963 This work was presented in part at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (Poster #1097), Atlanta, Georgia, USA; March 2013. Presentation 3284550 This study was presented at the Keystone Symposia “microRNAs and Cancer” in Banff, Canada, February 2011. Presentation 5993108 An earlier version of some results presented here was presented as a poster at the Health Quality Transformation Conference: 24 Oct 2017, Toronto, Canada. Presentation 4176969 Portions of this work were presented at the 7th Annual Academic Surgical Congress (February 4, 2014, San Diego, California, USA). Presentation 3344885 Preliminary data were presented at the 2009 Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Chicago, IL. Presentation 5340356 Some findings from this work were presented as a poster at the 2012 Renal Week meeting of the American Society of Nephrology. Presentation 2856675 Portions of this study were presented at the 88th annual meeting of the Endocrine Society, Boston, MA, June 2006. Presentation 2810321 MR is a fellow of ANPCyT, BSZ is a member of CONICET and SEL is a member of UBA. General statement 3419732 The abstract from this manuscript has been presented as a poster at the European Respiratory Society's annual congress in Barcelona, September 2010. Presentation 5983499 MSD is member of Carrera del Investigador CICBA, Argentina. General statement 3731261 This study was presented in part at the 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, San Francisco, USA, February 16–19, 2010, Abstract# 544; and 18th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, USA, February 27–March 2, 2011, Abstract# 669. Presentation 3904867 H. P. K. is the holder of the Mark Goodson endowed Chair in Oncology Research and is a member of the Jonsson Cancer Center and the Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA. General statement 5313187 Ph. D.) for his work as member of the research team, teacher, colleague, and friend. General statement 3004944 This study was presented in part in the 17th Congress of the International Organization for Mycoplasmology, 6 to 11 July 2008, Tianjin, China (Abstract 11). Presentation 3958555 Parts of this work were presented at IDWeek 2012 on October 18, 2012 in San Diego, CA, abstract number 35386: https://idsa.confex.com/idsa/2012/webprogram/Paper35386.html. Presentation 5771575 Partial results were presented as a poster at the 6th World Glaucoma Congress in Hong Kong, June 6–9, 2015. Presentation 4854407 Parts of this study were presented at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Japan Diabetes Society, Osaka, Japan, May 22–24, 2014, and the 74th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, San Francisco, California, June 13–17, 2014 Presentation 4160179 This work has been presented at the Digestive Disease Week, Orlando (May 21, 2013), in top ten of the poster presentation (Pellissier S. et al. Presentation 4780831 Previous Presentation: Portion of manuscript presented at SSAT, Digestive Disease Week 2012 in San Diego, CA on May 21st, 2012. Presentation 4409364 Some results of this study were presented in May 2012 as a poster presentation at the annual conference of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada (AMMI Canada) and in June 2012 as an oral presentation at the XXXVII annual conference of Association des médecins microbiologistes-infectiologues du Québec (AMMIQ). Presentation 5519062 RE-B is a research member of National Council of Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Argentina. General statement 4999236 Portions of this research and preliminary results were presented at the 36th Boston University Conference for Language Development (BUCLD). Presentation 4140711 These results were reported in part as a poster at San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2011. Presentation 4226572 Parts of this work were presented at the 2013 Congress of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis and at the 2013 joint BSHT/BSTH meeting. Presentation 2914784 These results were presented in part in abstract form at the 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, February 3–6, 2008 (see CROI Abstract S1). Presentation 5628839 Initial findings were presented at the SPECOM 2016 and DAMSS 2016 conferences. Presentation 4988717 The results of this study were presented as a slide presentation at the 55th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC 2015) in San Diego, California, U. S. A, September 17–21, 2015. Presentation 3942386 The study was presented as a Poster at AACR 2013 annual meeting at Washington D. C., USA (Abstract # 3444). Presentation 4186762 Previous Presentations of the Manuscript: Presented in part in the poster discussion at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 2013, Chicago, USA. Presentation 4388811 BH and HGS are member of the DFG Cluster of Excellence ImmunoSensation. General statement 3591380 Portions of this manuscript were presented at the 2011 annual convention of the Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies in Toronto, Ontario. Presentation 3877115 A part of this manuscript was presented in poster form at the annual meeting of the 2nd Biennial Conference of ANMA on Neurogastroenterology and Motility in 2011. Presentation 5771572 Preliminary results were presented as a poster at the 52th European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Annual Meeting at Munich–Germany–September 2016. Presentation 5156412 A part of this study was presented in abstract form at the annual meeting of the American Society of Nephrology in 2015. Presentation 3633925 Parts of this work were presented at the 51st Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 17–20 September 2011, Chicago, IL, USA, and at the 12th International Workshops on Opportunistic Protists, 5–9 August 2012, Tarrytown, NY, USA. Presentation 6248940 Previous presentations: Parts of the results of this study was presented at the European Society of Cardiology Scientific Congress; August 26 to 30, 2017; Barcelona, Spain. Presentation 4726656 Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the 75th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, Boston, Massachusetts, 5–9 June 2015. Presentation 3352829 The Proteomics Laboratory from the Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe is a member of ProteoRed. General statement 5026361 This study was presented as oral communication at the 2013 annual meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), which was held in Washington D. C., USA. Presentation 4849669 Portions of these results were presented at the 2012 annual conference of the American Psychology-Law Society (AP-LS) in San Juan, Puerto Rico, and the 2013 annual AP-LS conference in Portland, OR. Presentation 4965214 There is no prior presentation except submitted as a poster in 21st ISPOR (International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research) Annual International Meeting, May 21–25, 2016. Presentation 3808302 BUN is a member of the UMass Diabetes and Endocrine Research Center (DK32520). General statement 3260191 Some of the findings reported in this paper were presented at the International Conference of the American Thoracic Society in 2010 (New Orleans, LA) and 2011 (Denver, CO). Presentation 5070767 ICRISAT is a member of CGIAR Consortium. General statement 4128749 The team of M. Leboyer is part of the École des Neurosciences de Paris Ile-de-France network, member of the Bio-Psy Labex and member of the European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centres (ENBREC). General statement 4816577 The System Science Consultants Inc. was a research coordinating team member of the study. General statement 5587314 This work was presented as a poster presentation at the 60th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Nephrology, Sendai, Japan. Presentation 3040733 This work was presented in part at the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society (NANOS) Meeting in Lake Tahoe, Nevada, U. S. A. February 21–26, 2009 (Poster 61) and ARVO, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U. S. A. May 1–7, 2009 (e-Abstract 72). Presentation 3041768 MR is a postdoctoral fellow of CONICET, BSZ is a member of CONICET. General statement 4574480 Presented at the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases: The Liver Meeting 2013 on November 3, 2013. Presentation 5860760 The results of the study have been presented as an electronic poster at the American Association of Neurological Surgeons in Los Angeles 2017. Presentation 4873043 A portion of this work was presented at the 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Seattle, Washington, March 5–9, 2012. Presentation 3502340 MSD is member of Carrera del Investigador Científico, CICBA, Argentina. General statement 3953205 This study was presented in part at 19th International AIDS Conference, Washington, D. C., USA, 22–27 July 2012. Presentation 5619808 Part of this study was presented at the ARVO Annual Meeting 2017, Baltimore, USA. Presentation 4697801 Presented at the 34th Annual Meeting of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, New Orleans, LA, February, 2014, and received the Award for Research Excellence. Presentation 4125167 Disclaimer: Preliminary analyses of the study dataset were presented at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) 2014, Boston, MA, U. S. A. Presentation 4634969 An abstract based on this work was presented at the 75th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association. Presentation 4634969 An abstract was also presented at the 25th Annual Meeting of the Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Presentation 5983448 This work was presented at the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases 2016 and 2017. Presentation 5482448 Some of the primary data were presented in an e-Poster mini oral session (EP0270) at the 26th ECCMID in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 2016. Presentation 4364955 An earlier version of the manuscript was accepted for poster presentation at the Geneva Health Forum 15–17 April 2014. Presentation 6095551 A. Z. is a member of the DFG-funded Excellence-Cluster ImmunoSensation. General statement 5642013 Submitted & presented in part as an oral research abstract at the 2015 ACVS Surgical Summit, Nashville, TN, October 22-October 24, 2015; Presented in part as a poster at the Duke-NC State Consortium for Canine Comparative Oncology (C3O) symposium, Durham, NC, March 4, 2016. Presentation 5305194 This work was presented in part in the 2012 Annual Meeting of the College of American Pathologists in San Diego, California and in the 2013 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in Atlanta, Georgia. Presentation 4720113 This work was presented at the Canadian Neurological Sciences Foundation, 50th Annual Congress in Toronto, ON. Presentation 4521918 The contents of this study was presented in part at the American Gastroenterological Association meeting in Chicago, IL, 2011. Presentation 4372284 The results were presented in part at 52nd ICAAC in San Francisco in September 2012 (poster C2-082). Presentation 2148101 Portions of this work were previously presented at the 2007 Annual Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting. Presentation 4859539 The findings were presented in part at the Pediatric Academic Society meeting held in Washington, DC in May 2013. Presentation 4294687 This work was presented in part at the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), Berlin, 2013 (P1223). Presentation 5540272 The work was presented in part at the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (April 2016). Presentation 4182316 Podium presentation: 67th annual meeting of America Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), Maui, HI. Presentation 4729434 This work was presented, in part, at the 66th Annual Conference of the German Society of Hygiene and Microbiology (DGHM), Dresden, Germany, 5–8 October 2014 and at the Bad Honnef-Symposium 2015 of the Paul-Ehrlich-Society of Chemotherapie (PEG), Königswinter, Germany, 30–31 March 2015. Presentation 5507314 Parts of the study were presented at the American Society of Nephrology annual meeting and scientific exposition in San Diego, California, 5–8 November 2015. Presentation 5308814 Partially presented at the18th Annual Graduate & Professional Student Research Forum, University of Nevada Las Vegas, March 12, 2016. Presentation 5444836 This study was presented in part at 2015 IDWeek (Abstract# 1129, San Diego CA, October 2015). Presentation 3431387 Results were presented in part at the 12th International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Co-morbidities in HIV, London, UK, November 2010. Presentation 3869828 Presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, FL, May 2012. Presentation 4549145 Parts of this work were presented at the 108th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology 2008, Boston, MA. Presentation 5340400 Presented as a poster at the Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine 2014 Annual Pregnancy Meeting, New Orleans, LA. Presentation 3790725 Presented in part at the 29th Annual Meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology, London, UK, July 7 to 10, 2013. Presentation 5858778 Meetings at which parts of data presented: 25th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV / AIDS Research in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, May 2016. Presentation 4260920 Part of the results of the present work were presented at The 8th Conference on Circulating Nucleic Acids in Plasma and Serum (CNAPS VIII) 2013, Baltimore USA. Presentation 5421769 This study was presented in part at the 2015 ASCO meeting (Chicago, USA). Presentation 5590982 This paper was partly presented at the 43rd (Beppu, 2013) and 45th (Tokyo, 2015) annual meetings of The Japanese Society for Wound Healing. Presentation 3184167 This work was presented at the American Association for Cancer Research's Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, November 7–10, 2010. Presentation 3404091 A portion of this work was presented at the 49th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC), San Francisco, CA, USA 2009 (Abstract E-1451) and the 50th ICAAC, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 2010 (Abstract A1-1350). Presentation 4633243 Conference presentation: Part of this work was presented at the 2014 ECCO conference, Copenhagen, Denmark. Presentation 4416019 Parts of this research were presented at the 2013 World Diabetes Congress, Melbourne, Australia, 2–6 December 2013. Presentation 5094735 S. S. is a member of the excellence cluster CellNetworks. General statement 3073974 RG is a member of the New York Structural Biology Center, NYSTAR facility. General statement 3222673 This work was presented in part at the Experimental Biology Meeting in Anaheim, CA, U. S. A, April 24–28, 2010 (Abstract 740.6, published in FASEB J.). Presentation 3156114 These data were presented in part previously at the Infectious Diseases Society of America conference in October 2010 (Vancouver), and published as abstract in the proceedings, as poster #1048. Presentation 3344858 Partial results were presented at the XLIII ERA-EDTA Congress, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 2006 and at the World Congress of Nephrology, Vancouver, Canada, 2011. Presentation 2312327 This work was previously presented as a preliminary report at the AIDS Vaccine Conference 2006, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Poster P13e03) and as part of a Satellite Session prior to the AIDS Vaccine Conference 2007, Seattle, WA, USA. Presentation 4134135 Presented in abstract form at the 55th annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology, New Orleans, LA, December 09, 2013. Presentation 3567109 This work was presented at the 2012 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncology in Austin, Texas. Presentation 4199568 These results were presented in part at the 18th Conference on retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), Boston, Ma, USA, 27 January–2 February 2011, Abstract n°877; and at the 16th International Conference on AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Africa (ICASA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 3–8 december 2011, Abstract MOAB0203. Presentation 4536197 Some of these results were presented in the following international conferences: Maugars, Eel genome Symposium, Netherland, 2014, and 27th Conference of European Comparative Endocrinologists, France, 2014; Dufour, 7th Congress of the Asia and Oceania Society for Comparative Endocrinology, Taiwan, 2014, and 10th International Symposium on Reproductive Physiology of Fish, Portugal, 2014. Presentation 3623813 Part of this work was presented as an abstract at the annual meeting of the American Society of Nephrology in November 2011. Presentation 5439683 Supplementary note Part of the Abstract was presented as a poster at ERS (European Respiratory Society) international congress 2014. Presentation 4136769 The Proteomics Laboratory at VHIO is a member of the ProteoRed-ISCIII network of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. General statement 3577892 This work was presented in part at the Northeastern Society of Plastic Surgeons 28th Annual Meeting in Amelia Island, FL, the Plastic Surgery Research Council 57th Annual Meeting in Ann Arbor, MI, the American Society of Plastic Surgeons 2012 Annual Meeting in New Orleans, LA, and the American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery 2013 Annual Meeting in Naples, FL. Presentation 5351836 Previous presentationsPresentations on the COI Policy Effectiveness Survey were made at the Community Catalyst Conflict of Interest Webinar for New England, Pennsylvania and New Jersey Medical Schools and AMCs, October 2014; and at the Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics Lab Seminar, Harvard University, November 2014. Presentation 5268441 Prior presentation: This work was presented at the 9th Annual Conference on HIV Treatment and Prevention Adherence, Miami FL, June 8–10 2014. Presentation 5179086 An abstract was accepted and an oral presentation was given on the results from these data at the Gerontological Society of America 67th Annual Meeting in Washington, DC in November, 2014. Presentation 5234786 G Pernod was a member of F-CRIN, INNOVTE (Investigation Network On Venous Thrombo-Embolism). General statement 5597231 The results of this study were presented in part at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting in Orlando, FL, December 5–8, 2015. Presentation 4625022 This paper was presented, in part, as a poster presentation at The 12th International Congress on Obesity on March 17–20 of 2014 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Presentation 4786217 The results were presented in part at a conference (Infections: Infectious Diseases & Microbial Genomics 2015) in IOI Putrajaya Marriot, Malaysia in April 2015 (poster P1027-15). Presentation 3418254 This study was presented in part (Abstract: L1-1035) to the 50-Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, September 12–15, 2010. Presentation 5426599 Portions of this work were presented as an oral presentation (consensus statement) at the 7th International Congress of the World Federation of Skull Base Societies in Osaka, Japan, 14–17.07.2016 Presentation 3962427 Preliminary results were presented by A. Pecchinenda at the conference of the Experimental Psychology Society (EPS), 11–13 April, 2012, Hull, U. K. Presentation 4262415 A portion of these results was presented at the annual meetings of the American Society of Nephrology in 2009 and the JSDT in 2012. Presentation 2744998 JJD is a member of INSERM. General statement 3548796 This work was in part presented at the 6th Annual Congress of the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society in Munich, Germany, April 16 to 18, 2010. Presentation 3105989 Portions of the results were presented at the International Society for Research on Aggression XVIII World Meeting, July 2008, Budapest, the 116th Convention of the American Psychological Association, August 2008, Boston, the 70th Canadian Psychological Association Convention, June 2009, Montreal, and the Canadian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 34th Annual meeting, May 2011, Montreal. Presentation 4195693 Preliminary analyses of these data were presented as a poster abstract no. 1055 in the 53rd Annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy held in Denver, 10–13 September, 2013. Presentation 4111486 This work was presented in part at the 23rd European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Berlin, April 2013. Presentation 4503440 F. Kortüm was an associated member of the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Research Training Group 1459. General statement 6195273 This work was presented in part at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for AIDS Research; December 3–5, 2014; Osaka, Japan (abstract O33-179). Presentation 4380427 These data were presented in part at the 26th Annual International Papillomavirus meeting, Montreal, Canada. Presentation 5156375 This study was presented in part at the 16th International Vasculitis & ANCA Workshop, April 14–17, 2013, Paris, France; Kidney Week 2013 (American Society of Nephrology), November 5–10, 2013, Atlanta, GA, USA; and has been published in part in abstract form. Presentation 4215919 Part of the work was presented as a poster in 20th World Congress of Epidemiology (T55) in Anchorage, USA on August 17–22, 2014. Presentation 3849027 Parts of this study have been presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology; ARVO 2011, in Fort Lauderdale, FL and the World Glaucoma Congress 2011, Paris Presentation 3235094 Portions of this study were presented at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Geriatrics Society, April 29–May 2, 2009, Chicago, IL. Presentation 5764485 The preliminary results of the study were presented at the 40th European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress that was held in Copenhagen, Denmark, October 7–11, 2016. Presentation 5415190 The Helmholtz Zentrum München is a member of the German Center for Diabetes Research. General statement 3776809 Portions of this work were presented at the 10th International Kawasaki disease Symposium, Kyoto, Japan, February 2012. Presentation 5344503 We acknowledge the ImagoSeine core facility of the Institut Jacques Monod, member of IBiSA and the France-BioImaging (ANR-10-INBS-04) infrastructure. General statement 5068781 The authors thank all the study participants and the member of our laboratory in NVLU, Sakirko Katagiri, Saki Tachibana, Rina Makita, Jyunya Furuseki, Saya Ezoe, Hiromi Taniguchi, Maho Sugita, and Eri Onozawa. General acknowledgement 3631214 This study was presented in part at the 21st European Congress on Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) and 27th International Congress on Chemotherapy (ICC), Milan, Italy, 2011 (P-2095). Presentation 4466539 Parts of this study presented as an oral presentation at the 59th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Neurosurgery, Wurzburg, Germany, June 1st-4th 2008, at the 62nd Annual Meeting of the German Society of Neurosurgery, Hamburg, Germany, May 7th-11th 2011 and at the 20th Congress of the European Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Cascais/Lisbon, Portugal, September 26th-29th 2012. Presentation 5017603 This paper was presented in part at the 38th annual conference of the International Lung Sounds Association on November 14–15, 2013 in Kyoto, Japan. Presentation 3899249 The Proteomic platform is a member of Marseille Protéomique (http://map.univmed.fr/index.html) labeled IBiSA. General statement 2276860 Results from this study were presented in part at the meeting of The Wellcome Trust Funded Multi-Collaborative Microbial Pathogen Microarray Facility, Hinxton, Cambridge (2005). Presentation 4996518 A version of this study was presented as a DEFRA report in 2013 . Presentation 3208556 This study was presented as a poster at the World Congress of Nephrology 2009, Milan, Italy. Presentation 3769364 Part of this work was presented at the 14th International Symposium on Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease in Shanghai, China, 2011. Presentation 3432133 Portions of this manuscript have been presented in poster presentation (abstract) form at the 2011 North American Spine Society annual meeting. Presentation 4154856 The paper was presented at The 85th Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society. Presentation 4651568 Kintampo Health Research Centre is a member of the INDEPTH Network. General statement 3480459 Disclaimer: Anayda Portela is a staff member of the World Health Organization. General statement 3471823 Results from this study were presented at the joint meeting of the American Heart Association’s 50th Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention council and the Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism council, March 2–5, 2010 at the Hilton San Francisco Union Square in San Francisco, California. Presentation 4166466 This manuscript was in part presented as a Scientific Poster at the 2013 Annual Meeting of the European Association for Vision and Eye (EVER), September 18–21, 2013, Nice, France Presentation 3827346 Presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Research In Vision and Ophthalmology, Seattle, WA, USA, May 2013. Presentation 5708657 The results of this study were presented at the 51st International Liver CongressTM 2016 in Barcelona, Spain, April 13–17, 2016. Presentation 4249831 Part of this work was presented at the European Cystic Fibrosis Society Conference, Dublin, Ireland, 2012 (poster presentation 72) and Lisbon, Portugal 2013 (oral presentation WS17.3). Presentation 5053533 TGP is a member of the FRQS-funded Centre de recherche du CHUS (CRCHUS). General statement 4783112 An early version of this work was presented in poster form at VSS 2014 . Presentation 3877099 This work was presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology annual meeting, May 2011, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA. Presentation 5325585 Disclaimer: Presented in part at the American Society of Clinical Oncology 2015 Annual Meeting, May 29-June 2, 2015, Chicago, IL Presentation 3756021 This manuscript was partly presented at 2012 American Heart Association annual meeting, Los Angeles, California, USA. Presentation 5536360 AC is a member of the Research Career of CONICET. General statement 5812605 A portion of this research was presented at the 28th Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, Chicago, IL, May 2016, where it received the APS Student Research Award. Presentation 3885443 A portion of the results of this paper was previously presented as a poster at the 18th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, 2011. Presentation 3236781 Portions of this research were presented at the 2009 meeting of Vision Science Society, Naples, USA, and the 2009 meeting of the International Society for Motor Control (Progress in Motor Control VII), Marseille, France. Presentation 2402972 B. Li is an adjunct member of Dept. of Medicine of the National University of Singapore. General statement 5665504 Survey findings were presented in part at the American Public Health Association Conference in Boston, Massachussetts, November 2013. Presentation 5605055 Previous versions of the paper were presented at the 2016 Annual Meeting of Taiwan Society of Cognitive Neuroscience, January 23, 2016, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan, and the 2016 Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, April 2–5, 2016, New York Hilton Midtown, New York. Presentation 6128457 Prior presentation: Some of the results of this article were presented at the congress of the German College of General Practitioners and Family Physicians in Hamburg, Germany, on September 18th, 2014. Presentation 4624985 The preliminary results which were analyzed based on the serology markers only without consideration of vaccination history was presented as a guided audio poster at 2014 74th American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions, San Francisco, California, USA (http://app.core-apps.com/tristar-ada14/abstract/e3048dedfd3d5fbcc516bc86384167f7). Presentation 4624985 The poster presentation was covered by the news media (http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/826772 and http://www.physiciansweekly.com/ada-2014-hepatitis-b-vaccination-diabetes/"). Presentation 4985134 Previous Presentation: Results were presented at CROI 2016 (Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections), Boston, MA, February 22–25, 2016. Presentation 3923804 This paper was presented in part as a poster at the XIX International AIDS Society Conference, Washington, DC, July 2012, Abstract # WEPE198. Presentation 4972400 Part of results have been presented at 57th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and Exposition, Orlando, FL (December 5–8, 2015). Presentation 6075768 Some of the results presented in this paper were published in abstract form and poster presentation at the 2018 Kidney Week of the American Society of Nephrology. Presentation 3885429 This work was orally presented by Dr. Fortner at the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine 31st Annual Meeting in San Francisco, CA, USA. Presentation 4212994 Part of this work was presented as a poster presentation during Digestive Disease Week 2013 (Orlando (FL), USA). Presentation 5738071 Prior presentation: This work was presented as a poster at the 23rd World Diabetes Congress of the International Diabetes Federation, Vancouver, Canada, 30 November—4 December 2015. Presentation 5570328 This work was presented at the Global Pediatric Research Platform of the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2017 Meeting, May 6–9, in San Francisco, CA, USA. Presentation 5038939 Part of this work was presented at the 73rd Scientific Sessions for American Diabetes Association (2013) in Chicago, Illinois. Presentation 4835092 This paper was presented at the annual meetings of the International Academy of Sex Research in Toronto, ON, Canada, 2015 and Canadian Sex Research Forum, Kingston, ON, Canada, 2014. Presentation 4749188 This paper was presented in part as a poster at the 18th Taiwan Joint Cancer Conference; July 13–14, 2013; Taipei, Taiwan. Presentation 5082637 This study was presented an earlier version of the manuscript as a poster at the AcademyHealth in Minneapolis, MN, in June 2015. Presentation 3438198 Part of this work was presented at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, San Diego, California, 2011. Presentation 3398925 KDT is a primary member of the University of Massachusetts, Worcester DERC. General statement 3251571 The preliminary results of this study were presented at the European Congress on Eating Disorders, in Porto, Portugal, 20th- 20–21 September 2007. Presentation 4010472 Notes: Presented in part at the 33rd Symposium on Cataract, IOL and Refractive Surgery of the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, San Diego, CA, April 2007, the 32th annual scientific meeting of the Japanese Society for Ocular Pharmacology, Otsu, Japan, September 2012, and the annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Seattle, WA, May 2013. Presentation 5544231 Of further note, results from this manuscript were accepted for poster-presentation at the ESMO 2016 congress, October 7-11th 2016, Copenhagen, Denmark as well as at the IASLC 17th World Conference on Lung Cancer, December 4-7th 2016, Vienna, Austria. Presentation 3236744 Portions of this research were presented as poster abstracts at the 47th Annual Infectious Disease Society of American meeting (Poster 816) in Philadelphia, PA, in October 2009, and at the National Clinical and Translational Research Education Annual Meeting (Poster 109) in Washington D. C., in April 2009. Presentation 5705143 This study has been presented as a poster at the Annual Meeting of EASD in 2013 and published as an abstract in Diabetologia 2013;56(Suppl.1):S129-S130. Presentation 4643045 This work has been presented at the ESVONC Annual Congress 2015 (Krakow, Poland, 28th– 30th May 2015). Presentation 4405361 Prior publication: The results of this study were presented in part at the 27th Symposium of the European College of Veterinary Neurology (ECVN), 18–20 September 2014, Madrid, Spain. Presentation 6034878 Preliminary results from this study were presented at the 9th Tick and Tick Borne Pathogen Conference & 1st Asia Pacific Rickettsia Conference, August 27–September 1, 2017, Cairns, Australia. Presentation 4498787 Previous presentation: Poster at EuroEpi, Aarhus 2013. Presentation 4471099 Preliminary findings were presented at the 9th International Symposium on Pneumococci and Pneumococcal Diseases, March 9–13, 2014, Hyderabad, India. Presentation 5036791 K. M. H. M. was a member of "IRTG 1384 Enzymes and Multienzyme Complexes Acting on Nucleic Acids" (DFG). General statement 3353727 Portions of this paper were presented to the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences at the University of Washington in June 2011 in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the first author’s Master of Science. Presentation 3353727 Portions of this paper were presented to the College of Arts & Sciences at Cornell University in May 2009 in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the first author’s Bachelor of Arts with Honors. Presentation 3724740 Portions of this work were presented at the Royal Society Theo Murphy Meeting on Active Touch Sensing, in Buckinghamshire, UK on January 31, 2011 and the 19th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals, Tampa, FL on December 1, 2011. Presentation 3885405 This study was presented, in part, at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) 2012. Presentation 6033437 This work was presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of ESPGHAN, Athens, May 2016. Presentation 5777646 Part of this work was presented at the 47th Union World Conference on Lung Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 26–29 October 2016, and the abstract published in the conference abstracts . Presentation 3130779 This work was partly presented at the XVIII International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop, 9–13 June, 2009, Fort Myers, USA, Abstract 103 and the Annual meeting of the Swiss Society for Infectious Diseases, 2–4 September, 2010, Lausanne, Switzerland. Presentation 3757025 Part of this work was presented at the 24th International Congress of The Transplantation Society, July 2012, Berlin, Germany. Presentation 4393237 Disclaimer: Presented in part at 54th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy September 5–9, 2014 | Washington (e-poster#1863). Presentation 4193762 A preliminary version of this work was presented at the 2009 International Congress of Ocular Oncology meeting in Cambridge, UK. Presentation 2965655 Portions of this research were presented at the European Conference on Visual Perception in Utrecht, The Netherlands in August, 2008, and at the European Congress of Psychology in Oslo, Norway, in July 2009. Presentation 3620048 Fangxiang Chen is currently a member of the Department of Neurosurgery, Saint Louis University. General statement 3669012 This work was presented in part at the Vision Sciences Society conference in Naples, FL in May 2010, and the Society for Neuroscience conference in San Diego, CA in November 2010. Presentation 3302794 This study was presented in part at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Boston, Massachusetts, September 11–15, 2010. Presentation 4177879 Previous presentation: Poster presentation of partial results at 10th European Congress on Epileptology, London, 30 September – 4 October 2012. Presentation 3507931 This work was presented at the American Society of Reconstructive Microsurgery 2008 Scientific Meeting, and in part at the American Association of Plastic Surgeons 2008 Annual Meeting. Presentation 4811572 MeetingsInterim findings were presented at the 42nd Union World Conference on Lung Health in Lille, France, 2011. Presentation 3610825 Parts of this study were presented orally at the 72nd Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, Philadelphia, June 2012. Presentation 5167253 Presented at meetingPoster presentation at the 39th Nordic Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology hosted by the Nordic Federation of Societies of obstetrics and gynecology, Stockholm, Sweden June 10–12 2014. Presentation 5289485 Work from this manuscript has been previously presented as a poster at the American Academy of Optometry meeting (Denver, CO 2013) and as a poster at the annual Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology meeting (Orlando, FL 2014) Presentation 5467803 This study was presented in part at the 6th International Workshop on HIV Pediatrics in Melbourne, Australia. Presentation 3720932 This research was presented in an earlier form at the forty-first annual meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society. Presentation 3471817 Part of this article was presented as a poster at the 101st AACR Annual Meeting, April 17–21, 2010 in Washington, DC (abstract number 6040). Presentation 3946002 Portions of these data were presented at the 17th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, Dayton, OH. Presentation 4784925 Previous Presentation: The results of this study were presented at the Resident Research Day of the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario; April 15, 2015. Presentation 3681790 A part of this manuscript was presented at the Taiwan Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting, 2010. Presentation 3532345 The preliminary findings of this work were presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (ESPID) in Nice, France on May 10th, 2010. Presentation 4726513 Prior Presentation of this Analysis: An earlier version of this analysis was presented as a poster at the Experimental Biology meeting in San Diego in April of 2014. Presentation 3174208 Partial results of this work were presented at the European Human Genetics Conference 2008 in Barcelona, Spain. Presentation 4301815 Preliminary results from Experiment 1 and 2 were presented at the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Presentation 6101412 Part of the results were presented at the 36th Annual Meeting of European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) in Nantes, France, September 7–9, 2017. Presentation 3422221 MRM is a member of the UK Centre for Tobacco Control Studies, a U. K. Clinical Research Collaboration Public Health Research Centre of Excellence. General statement 2627904 This work was presented in part at:Symposium on Malarial Retinopathy: Nov 14, 2006. Presentation 4552739 Part of this work was presented in abstract form at the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week from November 11 to 16, 2014 in Philadelphia, PA. Presentation 3116868 LB is a member of the Carrera del Investigador Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. General statement 3116868 VH is a member of the Carrera del Investigador Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina. General statement 3430703 This work was presented in part at the meeting on Negative Strand RNA Viruses in Bruges, Belgium June 2010. Presentation 4658129 Parts of the result were presented at the American Society of Nephrology Renal Week; November 11 to November 16, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Presentation 4641609 AGB is a member of the EU COST-Action BM1308 “Sharing Advances on Large Animal Models (SALAAM)”. General statement 4380409 This work was presented at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions, Dallas, TX, 16–20 November 2013. Presentation 5404819 The present results contributed to the ICES-WGIMT and were presented at the ICES/PICES 6ZPS 2016/S4. Presentation 3988080 Disclaimer: Anayda Portela is a staff member of the World Health Organization. General statement 4596823 The part of this study was presented at TERMIS-AP 2007 in Tokyo, Japan. Presentation 3702563 Presented in part as a poster at the ARVO annual meeting, May 2011. Presentation 4457813 An earlier version was presented at the Population Association of America 2014 annual meeting. Presentation 3819394 Presentation information: Selected oral session at the 27th annual meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology, Stockholm, Sweden Presentation 5690664 Part of this work was presented in abstract form at the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week November 2014 in Philadelphia, PA. Presentation 4794144 Presented in part at the ISPOR 17th Annual European Congress, November 8–12, 2014, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Presentation 3083406 A prior version of this study was presented in poster form at the annual meeting of the American Thoracic Society, 2010. Presentation 4215921 First presented as a poster abstract presentation at International Society for Prenatal Diagnosis, “Recreational drug use is associated with a variety of fetal malformations” in Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2010; 95: Fa21 Presentation 3890286 DMS was a member of the board of the Environmental Risk Management Authority of New Zealand (2003–2011), and a signatory on binding decisions to approve or decline new organism introductions. General statement 4636252 This work was presented at the 13th International meeting of Society for BioChromatography and Nanoseparation (SBCN) held at Bordeaux, France in October, 2012 and at the 24th Biennial Meeting of International Society for Neurochemistry jointly organized with American Society for Neurochemistry at Cancun, Mexico in April, 2013. Presentation 3391193 KEMRI/CDC HDSS is a member of the INDEPTH Network. General statement 5571947 This article was presented at the International Surgical Congress of the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland (ASGBI) and awarded the ePoster of Distinction Prize for Best Original Presentation, May 3–5, 2017, Glasgow, United Kingdom. Presentation 5300283 Preliminary results were presented at the 19th surgical research days congress (Chirurgische Forschungstage 2015) in Würzburg, Germany and at the 133rd congress of the German Society of Surgery (DGCH 2016) in Berlin, Germany. Presentation 6029777 The current study has been previously presented as an abstract and poster for the 2018 United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology annual meeting. Presentation 4105615 Portions of this paper were presented in abstract form at the (1) 49th ERA-EDTA Congress, Paris, France, May 24–27, 2012. Presentation 5047528 This work has been presented in part at the 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, May 30-June 3, 2014. Presentation 4999291 A preliminary version of the results was presented in the 67th annual meeting of Korean dermatological association. Presentation 5991739 A part of this work was presented at the 2nd Gene and Immunotherapy Conference, held at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, on September 25, 2015. Presentation 4457809 Parts of results from this study were presented at the 46th Interscience conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, San Francisco, CA, September 2006. Presentation 3139661 GRS is a member of the Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. General statement 5843291 A part of this study was presented at the congress Sepsis Update in Weimar, Germany 2015. Presentation 2291197 Findings from this study were presented at the 12th International Congress on Twin Studies, Ghent, Belgium, June 7–10, 2007. Presentation 3688799 A part of this work was presented by Hiroshi Yamamoto in International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and metabolic disorders-Asian Pacific Chapter (IFSO-APC) in Rusutsu, Japan, 2011. Presentation 4712132 Presented in part in abstract format at the American Urologic Association 2015 annual meeting in New Orleans, L. A., USA Presentation 3493553 Part of this work was presented in abstract form at the 44th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, Philadelphia. Presentation 3577788 This work was distinguished during the second three country conference of the German, Swiss and Austria Society of Psychosomatic Gynecology and Obstetrics (February 15–18, 2012, Basel, Swiss) with the doctoral dissertation prize 2011 from the German Society for Psychosomatic Gynaecology and Obstetrics and the results of this study were presented there. Presentation 4223050 This work was presented in part at the 23rd European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Berlin, Germany. Presentation 4335054 Parts of the results were presented on a poster during the Nanotechnology Principal Investigator meeting in Washington DC (October 2013). Presentation 4981449 TGP is member of the FRQS-funded Centre de recherche du CHUS (CRCHUS). General statement 3628782 A portion of the results was presented as an abstract at the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, April 2–6, 2011, Orlando, Florida, Abstract # 1518. Presentation 3392227 Part of the results was presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience (2006) and International Multisensory Research Forum (2008). Presentation 4188563 Preliminary results of this study were presented at the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Annual Meeting on November 15th, 2013 in Washington DC, USA, Scientific Session 66 – Mosquitoes: Vector Biology - Epidemiology II (Abstract Number: 1523; Presentation Number: 520). Presentation 3919754 Presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Los Angeles, CA, 10 November 1998 (F1000Posters 2013; 4∶117). Presentation 3161742 Previous presentation: This paper was presented in part as an abstract at the 2010 conference of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) and the 2011 congress of the Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft (DRG). Presentation 2945762 Part of this work has been presented at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Chicago, abstract no 10048. Presentation 6107129 The content of this manuscript was presented at the annual meeting of the Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Society (FNPS), 3 September 2017, Osaka, Japan. Presentation 4790858 Part of the present study was presented at the 44th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Presentation 4880207 This work was presented, in part, at the 8th International Workshop on HIV Treatment, Pathogenesis and Prevention Research in Resource-poor Settings; 2014 5–9 May 2014; Lusaka, Zambia. Presentation 4786124 The results discussed in the manuscript were presented, in part, at the GTC Diabetes Summit, Cambridge, MA, April 23–25, 2014. Presentation 3275594 J. J. is a member of the Sea Around Us Project, a scientific collaboration between the University of British Columbia and the Pew Environment Group. General statement 3174146 This work was presented as an oral presentation at Microbicides: Building Bridges in HIV Prevention; Pittsburgh, PA, USA; May 22 – 25, 2010. Presentation 3355117 This work was first presented at the annual conference of the Vision Sciences Society in Naples, Florida, in May 2011 . Presentation 4237446 This work was partly presented at the 23rd Conference of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver in Brisbane, Australia, 15 March, 2014. Presentation 5864027 Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the 30th Spring Congress of Korean Diabetes Association, Busan, Korea, 11–13 May 2017. Presentation 4361671 This study was presented at the 2013 Annual Meeting, Taiwan Society of Nephrology (Taipei, Taiwan, December 7–8, 2013). Presentation 3882274 This work was presented at the 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Seattle, WA, March 2012. Presentation 4933370 Parts of this work have been presented at the 44th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology (November 08–13, 2011, Philadelphia, USA) and the Annual Scientific Meeting of the Belgian Society of Nephrology (April 25, 2013, Brussels, Belgium). Presentation 5428949 TGP is member of the FRQS-funded Centre de recherche du CHUS (CRCHUS). General statement 4461258 This study has been presented as a poster at the 9th International Diabetes Federation Western Pacific Region Congress, 4th Scientific Meeting of the Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes at Kyoto, Japan in November 2012, and at the National Conference for Clinical Research (NCCR) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in September 2013. Presentation 4933337 Presented in part in abstract form at the 36th annual scientific sessions of the Heart Rhythm Society on May 14, 2015, Boston, Massachusetts. Presentation 3049787 This work was presented at: 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infection, San Francisco, California, February 2010. Presentation 3335853 M. O. is a member of the FQRNT network for the study of host-parasite interaction. General statement 4709102 This work was presented in part at the American College of Cardiology 64th Annual Scientific Session, March 14–16, 2015, San Diego, CA. Presentation 5074570 Jan K. Buitelaar has been in the past 3 years a consultant to / member of advisory board of / and/or speaker for Janssen Cilag BV, Eli Lilly, and Servier. General statement 3871553 I. S. is a member of the International Max Planck Research School for Organismal Biology (IMPRS), Germany. General statement 3077388 Note: The work was presented in part at the IMPAACT Annual Meeting in Washington, DC in June, 2010 and at the 18th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Boston, MA in March, 2011. Presentation 3577895 Portions of this work were presented at the 42nd Annual Meeting and Scientific Exposition of the American Society of Nephrology in San Diego, California, USA. Presentation 4026478 NP is a member of the International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) for Molecular Biology. General statement 5933752 David F. Garway-Heath served as member of the executive committee that defined the diagnostic criteria. General statement 3828259 This was partly presented at the 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Cancer Research and the 10th Biennial AANS/CNS Satellite Tumor Symposium. Presentation 4492617 Parts of our results were presented in an abstract form at Global Biotechnology Congress 2015, Boston, USA. Presentation 3877399 This paper was presented, in part, at the 15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, 2008, the National Summit on HIV Diagnosis, Prevention, and Access to Care, Arlington, VA, 2008, and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, 2009. Presentation 4771156 Preliminary results of this work were presented at the 16th International Congress on Infectious Diseases, Cape Town (South Africa), 2–5 April 2014, and 24th ECCMID Conference, Barcelona (Spain), 10–13 May 2014. Presentation 3897510 WZ is a member of the American Association of Immunologists. General statement 4547742 Preliminary parts of this work were presented in the 21th and 22th International Workshops on HIV & Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies, which took place in June 5–9, 2012, in Sitges, Spain (Abstract 144, Antiviral Therapy: 17 Suppl 1, A172, 2012) and in 4–8 June, 2013, in Toronto, Canada) Abstract 65, Antiviral Therapy: 18 Suppl 1, A82, 2013). Presentation 3962389 The results of this study were presented in part at the 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and were awarded as Presidential Poster of Distinction. Presentation 6281270 Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (CERMES), Niamey, Niger (Member of the International Network of Pasteur Institutes): Rahamatou Moustapha Boukary, Jean-Marc Collard (PI), Ibrahim Dan Dano, Ibrahim Habiboulaye, Bassira Issaka, Jean-François Jusot, Sani Ousmane, Issoufa Rabe. General statement 4074067 Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the 44th American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week, November 8–13, 2011, in Philadelphia, United States and the ERA-EDTA 50th congress, May 18–21, 2013, in Istanbul, Turkey. Presentation 2973957 This information has been presented in part at WHO Annual Meeting of the Global Buruli Ulcer Initiative, Cotonou, Benin, 2009. Presentation 3582635 Part of the results were presented as a poster at the 8th FENS Forum of Neuroscience Meeting in Barcelona, Spain (July 14–18, 2012) and as an oral presentation at the Joint International Neurogastroenterology & Motility Meeting in Bologna, Italy (September 6–8, 2012). Presentation 4182671 This study was presented in part at the American Epilepsy Society Meeting in Washington, DC. Presentation 3547930 Part of the work was presented as a poster presentation at the 19th Cochrane Colloquium in Madrid, Spain (October 2011). Presentation 2759505 JJD is a member of INSERM. General statement 4540490 The abstract of this study was presented as a poster at the American Society of Nephrology Annual Meeting 2014, Philadelphia, PA, U. S. A. Presentation 6034788 Thomas G. Poder is member of the FRQS-funded Centre de recherche du CHUS (CRCHUS). General statement 4696791 SB is a staff member of the World Health Organization. General statement 3797757 The following authors are member of the BEWG: MLZ, CEP, AD, SD, CG, PM, GM, HR and GVH. General statement 5965821 Preliminary results from this study were presented at the 2017 Canadian Society for Epidemiology and Biostatics Biennial Meeting. Presentation 4664260 A portion of this study was presented at the 53rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Denver, Colorado, USA, September 10–13, 2013. Presentation 4412816 DisclosuresParts of the study results have been presented as a poster discussion in the 2014 International Conference of the American Thoracic Society. Presentation 3566073 Parts of this study were presented as a poster at the ECDC European Vaccination Conference, Stockholm, December 2009, and as a poster at the 7th International Symposium on Pneumococci & Pneumococcal Related Diseases, Tel Aviv, March 2010. Presentation 4395337 Parts of our results were presented in a poster at ASN Kidney Week 2007 in San Francisco, California. Presentation 4190413 Part of this study was presented at the Annual meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction in London July 7th–10th 2013. Presentation 5132228 This paper was presented at the 56th annual meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology in San Francisco, 2014. Presentation 3963917 This study was presented orally at the Voice Foundation's 42nd Annual Symposium, Philadelphia, PA, USA, May 29-June 2, 2013. Presentation 4457823 Hospital Fundación Alcorcón: Noelia Aragón Díaz, RNThe results reported in this paper were presented at the Congress of the Spanish Society of Cardiology, October 30-November 1, 2014, Santiago de Compostela. Presentation 4957801 Initial results of this work were presented at SPIE Medical Imaging Conference 2016 . Presentation 4798531 Preliminary results contained in this paper were presented in a poster format at the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology annual meeting, March 2012, Vancouver, British Columbia. Presentation 3729967 Portions of this research were presented at the annual conference of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology (San Antonio, Texas; January, 2011). Presentation 4148334 This study was previously presented, in part, in abstract form at the 70th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, Orlando, Florida, June 25–29, 2010; and at the 46th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Stockholm, Sweden, September 20–24, 2010. Presentation 6171845 Preliminary findings of this work were presented at a workshop on “Scientific approaches to First Millennium AD textiles for Egypt” held at the British Museum on 2–3 March 2016 and at the 10th conference organised by the international research group "Textiles from the Nile Valley" at Katoen Natie (Antwerp, Belgium) on 27–29 October 2017. Presentation 6037355 PresentationPortions of this analysis were presented at the 25th annual Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Boston, Massachusetts (March 4–7, 2018). Presentation 2920310 Part of this work was delivered as a paper by B. R. Frieden at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Physical Regulation in Biology and Medicine (SPRBM), on January 15, 2010 in Tucson, Arizona. Presentation 4607419 LEP is a fellow from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and EBD is a member of Research Career from the same institution. General statement 3931755 ‡Also member of WHO Buruli Ulcer Laboratory Network Working Group General statement 4990192 Portions of these data were presented at the 12th European Symposium on Pediatric Cochlear Implants (June 2015, Toulouse, France), the 19th Jahrestagung of the Deutsche gesellschaft für Audiologie (March 2016, Hannover, Germany) and the British Cochlear Implant Group Meeting (April 2016, London, UK). Presentation 3637447 Preliminary results of this study were presented at IDWeek 2012 in San Diego, California (October 17–21, 2012). Presentation 3176762 These data were presented in part as an abstract at the annual meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, Renal Week 2009. Presentation 3391265 A. M. is a member of CellNetworks, Heidelberg. General statement 4674114 This work was presented at the 8th Annual International Bioethics Conference in Boston at the Harvard University Program in Ethics and Health; and at workshops through the Priority Setting in Global Health– 2020 project (University of Bergen) and the DCPN (University of Washington) where we received valuable comments from participants including Carol Levin, Robert Black, and Zulfiqar Bhutta. Presentation 4540287 A part of the results of this study was presented at the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), Barcelona, Spain, 2014, Programme No:R175. Presentation 3701085 VMN is a member of the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Neurociência Translacional. General statement 4583258 This work was presented to the 2014 International Conference of the International Society for Quality in Health Care (ISQua) at Rio de Janeiro and to the 2014 Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) at San Francisco. Presentation 5788334 This study was presented as an oral presentation at the 2016 The Transplantation Society (TTS) in Hong Kong without formal publication. Presentation 3897448 This work was presented in part at the 7th World Congress of the World Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases meeting in Melbourne, Australia, Nov 16–19, 2011 (A-352-0016-00701). Presentation 4546305 This work was presented in part at the European Association of Poison Control Centers and Clinical Toxicologists, Copenhagen, Denmark. Presentation 4184782 Parts of the study were presented at ECCMID London 2012, poster 2066. Presentation 3797816 GvM is a member of the Alberta Institute of Viral Immunology LiKa Shing. General statement 3630224 Some of the findings reported in this paper were presented at the International Conference of the American Thoracic Society in 2012 (San Francisco, CA). Presentation 5809058 LJH was a member of the Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program and AK a participant in the FAS Science Challenge Programme. General statement 5432209 The results of this work were partially presented at ASM Microbe Boston, MA, USA, 16–20 June 2016, Poster Walk Invitation, Control Number 4602 Presentation 5578637 Presented in parts as poster at the German National Congress of Anesthesiologists April 2016, Leipzig, Germany. Presentation 3946241 Findings from this study were presented in part at the 141st American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Exposition, Boston, MA, USA, November 2–6, 2013; 5008: HIV and Mental Health (Abstract #292008). Presentation 5978886 A part of this work was presented as a poster at Asia ARVO, 2010 and Indian Society of Human Genetics, 2016 conferences. Presentation 5946131 Travel Prefab had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. Declaration 4598697 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Declaration 4494421 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 4598700 The study was made with ethical permission to use animals for research from the Swedish Board of Agriculture. Declaration 4494308 Animal experimentation ethics approval (SAS/030/07) was provided by the University of Queensland Animal Ethics Committee. Declaration 5532563 The views expressed in this manuscript represent those solely of the authors. Declaration 5946130 The VW-Stiftung had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results. Declaration 6209964 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Declaration 6210745 AcknowledgmentsThis study is dedicated in memoriam to Günter Gebhardt, who created the non-linear nitrogen utilization model by application of an exponential function and provided foundations for modelling applications within the ‘Goettingen approach’. Declaration 4494362 AcknowledgmentsGordon Institute of TAFE (EnviroTech) and BirdLife Australia’s Beach-nesting Birds Project (funded by the Australian Government’s Caring for Our Country program) collected these data under ethics exemption 2010-117 (Deakin University Human Research Ethics Committee) and organisational privacy policies. Declaration 5332927 AcknowledgmentsThis study was part of a project led by a collaboration between the University of Queensland in Australia and University Putra Malaysia under the framework of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)’s David Bayvel Collaborating Centre for Animal Welfare and Bioethical Analysis. Declaration 5981280 Any remaining errors are solely our own. Declaration 4839059 Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 4623063 Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Declaration 4839033 Conflict of interestNone declared. Declaration 4623073 Conflict of interestWe declare that there are no financial relationships or other interests with regard to this manuscript that might be construed as constituting a conflict of interest for any author. Declaration 4773471 Conflict of interestAll authors did not have conflict of interest. Declaration 4278682 The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health, CIRM, or any other agency of the State of California. Declaration 4482421 AcknowledgmentsConfocal imaging was performed in part through the use of the VUMC Cell Imaging Shared Resource (supported by NIH Grants CA68485, DK20593, DK58404, HD15052, DK59637, and Ey008126). Declaration 4004290 (The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute or the National Institutes of Health). Declaration 4278690 AcknowledgmentsThis paper is dedicated to Professor Jean-Marie Lehn on the occasion of his 75th birthday. Declaration 4174090 The authors wish to dedicate this paper to the memory of Officer Sean Collier, for his caring service to the MIT community and for his sacrifice. Declaration 4326781 Device fabrication was performed in the Cornell Nanoscale Science and Technology Facility (NSF ECS-9731293). Declaration 4344210 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Declaration 4046791 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 4076028 This investigation was performed in part in a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement grant C06RR14567 from the National Center for Research Resources, NIH. Declaration 4212792 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute or the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 3788585 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to dedicate this paper to the memory of Officer Sean Collier, for his caring service to the MIT community and for his sacrifice. Declaration 3971959 This work was performed in part at the Harvard Center for Nanoscale Systems (CNS), a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN), which is supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF award no. Declaration 4212783 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NHLBI, NIH, NSF, or AHA. Declaration 4073644 The computational work was performed in part using supercomputing resources from the following institutions: EMSL, a national scientific user facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL); the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); and the UK’s national high performance computing service HECToR (from which access was obtained via the UK’s Material Chemistry Consortium, EP/F067496). Declaration 4174093 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Research Resources or the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 4212781 This work was performed in part at the Cornell NanoScale Facility, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network, which is supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant ECCS-0335765). Declaration 5142377 The funders The funders play no role in the design of the study, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data or in writing the manuscript. Declaration 5142377 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5142377 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll participants and their legal guardians were informed of the study and the questionnaire in a personal conversation with the principle investigator and from written study information. Declaration 5142377 Subsequently, children and their legal guardians provided written informed consent. Declaration 4939606 Competing interestsThe authors state that no conflicts of interest have been reported by the authors or by any individual in control of the content of this article. Declaration 4939606 Consent for publicationThe authors consent to publish the manuscript in current format. Declaration 4939606 Ethics approval and consent to participateEthical Committee of the Northern Metropolitan Health Service of Santiago, Chile. Declaration 4734887 The BISp provided the funding for the present study but was not involved in the analysis, interpretation or the right to approve or disapprove publication of the research. Declaration 5725812 The Foundation had no role in study design, data collection or analysis, interpretation of the data or in writing the manuscript. Declaration 5438538 We are unable to publically deposit this data because, in the absence of such practices at the time this longitudinal study was commenced, no informed consent or ethics committee approval was obtained for this to occur. Declaration 5438538 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study was approved by the Victoria University Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC 07/280); University of Ballarat Human Research Ethics Committee (A07-170); Department of Education ethics committee (SOS003617). Declaration 5438538 Participants and their parents provided written consent prior to participation in this study. Declaration 5351171 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the article. Declaration 5351171 Competing interestsThe authors report no conflict of interest. Declaration 5351171 The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. Declaration 5351171 Ethical approval and consent to participateWritten consent was obtained from all participants and the Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REK) approved both studies (REK reference 2009/429). Declaration 5000429 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe ethical research committee of the CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS (reference 2014-725) approved all procedures. Declaration 5000429 Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Declaration 5011845 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Regional ethical review board in Gothenburg. Declaration 5011845 Written and oral information was given to all of the patients, and written consent was obtained from all of the patients. Declaration 5000509 There are no conflicts of interest to disclose. Declaration 5000509 Competing interestsThere are no conflicts of interest to disclose. Declaration 5000509 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe project was discussed with the chair of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Institutional Review Board. Declaration 5000509 Given that we were asking runners to voluntarily complete an anonymous survey, we considered completion of the survey as consent to participate in the study. Declaration 5822593 The funding body had no role in design, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 4989489 The funding body had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript. Declaration 4989489 Availability of data and materialsDetailed individual data can, according to the informed consent of this study, not be shared. Declaration 4989489 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe ETH Ethics committee advised that under Swiss law, ethical approval was not required for this study. Declaration 4991060 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe Teledi@log project was approved by the Danish Ethical Committee (N-20120051) and The Danish Data Protection Agency, and the study conformed to the Helsinki declaration. Declaration 4991060 All participants signed informed consent after accepting participation in this sub-study. Declaration 4964063 All participants gave their written informed consent to participate in the study. Declaration 6035452 Ethical approval and consent to participateThe study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee on Research of Human Subjects at Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine (approval number: 2013–1-564). Declaration 6035452 Participants provided written informed consent before participating in the study. Declaration 6035452 Parental/guardian consent forms were obtained for the participants who were younger than 16 years. Declaration 5708119 Ethics and consent to participateEthical approval was obtained from the University of Canberra Human Research Ethics Committee in October 2015 (HREC 15–207). Declaration 5708119 Participants were advised that after reading this information, by clicking ‘continue’ they consented to take part in the online survey. Declaration 5106793 Before the start of the study, written informed consent was obtained from the participants and their legal representatives. Declaration 5294822 The funding body had no role, in design, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 5294822 Competing interestsSabina Cauci, Francesca Migliozzi, Carlo Simone Trombetta, Ilaria Venuto, Paola Saccheri, Luciana Travan, and Giovanni Chiriacò had no conflict of interest. Declaration 5294822 Ethics approval and consent to participateStudy participants were enrolled consecutively for an observational study approved by the Ethical Committee of the Region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, in accord with Declaration of Helsinki. Declaration 5294822 Patient consent was obtained by participants, all of them signed a written informed consent before entering the study. Declaration 5397810 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis research was approved by the institutional review board of two institutions: Hokko Memorial Hospital and National Hospital Organization Hakodate Hospital. Declaration 5397810 The informed consent for the 100 patients who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing was judged not necessary by the institutional review board because the study was observational based on the data collected in the past. Declaration 5397810 For the substudy of 12 normal subjects, a written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Declaration 5807851 The funder had no role in the design of the study, no role in collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and no role in writing the manuscript. Declaration 4947363 Competing interestThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4947363 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was reviewed by the Regional Ethical Review Board, Linköping University, Sweden (# M240-09). Declaration 4947363 Informed consent was obtained from all participating players. Declaration 4940714 The authors have received consent from the individual seen in Additional file 1, 2 and 3 that these movie clips can be published. Declaration 5267370 Competing interestsJeffrey Lee-Heidenreich has no conflicts of interest. Declaration 5267370 David Lee-Heidenreich has no conflicts of interest. Declaration 5267370 Jonathan Myers, PhD has no conflicts of interest. Declaration 5267370 Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable: no protected health information was used. Declaration 5093971 Competing interestsThe authors declare they have no competing interests. Declaration 5093971 Informed consent to participate and publish was not required for this retrospective analysis. Declaration 5290632 Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests. Declaration 5290632 Ethics approval and consent to participateParticipants received oral and written information about the study and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Declaration 4994315 Availability of data and materialsData are not available as we did not gain informed consent from participants for the publication of raw data. Declaration 4994315 Ethics approval and consent to participateEthical approval was granted by Teesside University Research Governance and Ethics Committee. Declaration 5426061 Further consent for publication is not applicable. Declaration 5426061 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was conducted according to the declaration of Helsinki. Declaration 5426061 The study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Potsdam (Germany). Declaration 5426061 All participants gave their informed consent to participate. Declaration 4451741 NOC*NSF had no role in data collection and analysis and interpretation of data. Declaration 4960812 Authors declare no other potential conflicts of interest to the content of this review. Declaration 4960812 Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Declaration 5116214 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe present study has been approved by the Regional Committee for Medical Ethics (REK Sør-Øst B, S-08046b) and the Norwegian Social Science Data Services. Declaration 5116214 In order to sign up for participation, all participants signed and returned a written consent form. Declaration 5057214 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe Bond University Human Research Ethics Committee approved this study (RO-1550). Declaration 5057214 Participants were provided with informed consent forms and explanatory statements and were free to withdraw at any stage. Declaration 5142393 All authors have read and consented to the manuscript. Declaration 5142393 Ethics approval and consent to participateEthics approval for the study was obtained from Ethics Review Committee, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka (Number: EC-2013-049). Declaration 5142393 Informed written consent was obtained from all study participants. Declaration 5725976 The KK provided the funding for the present study but was not involved in the analysis, interpretation or the right to approve or disapprove publication of the research. Declaration 5781312 Researchers requesting the data will be required to sign a contract ensuring data usage in compliance with the statement given in the informed consent procedure and with the German data protection law, that the data will not be transferred to others, and that the data will be deleted after the intended analysis has been completed. Declaration 5781312 To comply with the statement given in the informed consent procedure, the use of the data is restricted to medical research purposes. Declaration 5114785 The funders play no role in the design of the study, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data or in writing the manuscript. Declaration 5114785 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study adheres to the criteria of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, and has been approved by the regional ethical review board of Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (registration number: 2016/142-31/3). Declaration 5114785 Informed consent to participate in the quasi-experimental study (Study A) will be provided verbally by all participants. Declaration 5114785 In the implementation study (Study B), written informed consent to participate will be obtained from participants. Declaration 5326499 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interestsConsent for publicationNot applicable. Declaration 5326499 Ethics approval and consent to participateEthics approval was granted by the Human Ethics Committee James Cook University, (H5248) Australia and the rights of the participant were protected. Declaration 5326499 Participants consented to participation and received an information sheet detailing what the study involved. Declaration 5241994 Consent for publicationWithin the signed informed consent documents all players agreed to their responses and quotes to be published within peer-review, academic literature, where all identifiable markers have been removed. Declaration 5241994 Ethics approval an+A157d consent to participateLow-risk institutional ethical approval was granted by the University of Hull, UK as part of the lead author’s doctoral studies and informed consent was obtained from all participating players. Declaration 5376284 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board of Uppsala University (EPN D-number 2014/249) and all participants gave informed written consent. Declaration 5064777 All athletes were given detailed information on the study and written informed consent was obtained. Declaration 5404334 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study was approved by the ethics committee of ETH Zurich, Switzerland (EK 2014-N-31). Declaration 5004301 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study is approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Lund, Sweden (Dnr 2016/169) and follows the WMA Declaration of Helsinki Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. Declaration 5004301 Participation in the study is voluntary and informed written consent will be collected from all participants, including those in the pilot study. Declaration 5223294 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study has been approved by the Tasmania Health and Medical Human Research Ethics Committee (H0014713). Declaration 5223294 All participants will provide informed consent to participate. Declaration 4942936 Ethics approval and consent to participateFor the PPYCS study, The Regional Scientific Ethical Committee for Southern Denmark considered the protocol as non-invasive, since no intervention was performed in this study. Declaration 4942936 Parents of each participating child received written information according to the Declaration of Helsinki, and before examination, each swimmer gave oral consent to participate in the study. Declaration 5849475 The copyright line for this article was changed on August 23rd after original online publication. Declaration 4745029 The copyright line for this article was changed on 23 June 2015 after original online publication. Declaration 5405340 MP–SHG imaging was performed in the Facility for Imaging by Light Microscopy (FILM) at Imperial College London, partly supported by funding from the Wellcome Trust (104931/Z/14/Z). Declaration 6215642 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Animal Experimental Committee of the Canton of Berne, Switzerland (No. Declaration 4587867 Compliance with ethical guidelinesCompeting interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5937840 Consent for publicationThe animal owner gave consent to publish research data obtained from his dog. Declaration 5937840 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study did not require official approval from state authorities. Declaration 5937840 The animal owner gave informed consent to participation. Declaration 5655853 FundingThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6182802 Ethics approval and consent to participateBlack and turkey vultures were captured and euthanized during scheduled population control activities conducted near Nashville, Tennessee (USA) on the 13th–17th February 2012 by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), under the authority of the US Fish & Wildlife Service. Declaration 4197323 Further ethical approval for samplingwas not applied for since the animals were not being culled to participate in the study, rather the researchers took advantage of animals that had been culled to investigate parasitic burdens. Declaration 5899374 Competing interestsThe authors declare no potential competing interests with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Declaration 5899374 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe experimental protocol for this study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal Rights Protection of the District government in Rostock, State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in accordance with German legislation for animal rights and welfare; and informed consent of the owner was obtained. Declaration 5664804 Ethics approval and consent to participateBecause the fish were sampled from the by-catch of commercial fishermen, no ethical permission was required. Declaration 5663130 Consent for publicationThe animal was donated to Veterinary Teaching Hospital and written informed consent was obtained for teaching and publication of this report and any accompanying images. Declaration 5073851 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe horses were cared for according to laws and regulations controlling experimentation on live animals in Norway, that is the Animal Protection Act (20 December 1974) and the Animal Protection Ordinance Concerning Experiments on Animals (15 December 1996). Declaration 5975580 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht (DCSCA), the Netherlands. Declaration 5975580 All owners gave oral consent for their dogs to participate in the study. Declaration 4928274 Ethics approvalAll animal experiments were performed according to the local regulations and with the consent of the horse owners. Declaration 4888497 Ethical approvalThis study did not require official or institutional ethical approval. Declaration 4888497 The animal was handled according to good ethical standards and German legislation. Declaration 5806475 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Uppsala Animal Ethics Committee (C154/11). Declaration 5806475 No human data or tissue were used in this study and consent to participate is therefore not applicable. Declaration 5806475 The funding body had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, or interpretation of data or in writing of the manuscript. Declaration 6064081 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll farmers gave permission to use their farm data for this research. Declaration 5073813 Consent for publicationThe animal owner gave informed consent for publication. Declaration 5073813 Ethics approval and consent to participateEthics approval was not needed because all the information was obtained from clinical diagnosis. Declaration 5806280 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll procedures were carried out according to ethical guidelines for the use of animal samples, as approved by the European Community Council Directive 86/609/EEC and the INRA Toulouse/ENVT ethics committee. Declaration 5209846 For this reason, no specific ethical approval was required. Declaration 4928257 Competing interestsAll authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5387325 Consent for publicationThe animal owner gave informed consent for publications. Declaration 5073855 Competing interestsBoth authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5073855 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe experimental procedures followed the guidelines of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes as well as Danish national legislation. Declaration 5637333 Ethics approval and consent to participateInformed consent from the owner was obtained at the time of enrolment to the study. Declaration 5741913 Ethics approval and consent to participateAs the sample collection was non-invasive and did not involve handling any animals, ethical approval was not sought. Declaration 5532781 Ethics approvalAll procedures were carried out according to ethical guidelines for the use of animal samples, as approved by the Chonbuk National University (institutional animal care and use committee Decision No. Declaration 5822636 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe motivation for the study was based on the need to verify the diagnoses of CE in archived tissue samples, and to identify the causative agent, to be able to address the zoonotic potential. Declaration 5963089 Consent for publicationSigned consent to inclusion of each dog was given by the owners. Declaration 5963089 The present study did not include any other data in text, graphs or tables present that require consent for publication. Declaration 5963089 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Swedish Board of Agriculture regarding the use of animals not bred of destination for laboratory use. Declaration 5963089 Signed consent to inclusion of each dog was given by the owners. Declaration 5784702 Competing interestsThe author declares that he has no competing interests. Declaration 4779558 The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4581091 Compliance with ethical guidelinesCompeting interests JSA is editor-in-chief of Acta Veterinaria Scandinavia, but has not in any way been involved in or interacted with the review process or editorial decision making. Declaration 4589036 The foundation had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 5392944 The other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5392944 Consent for publicationAll dog owners gave their informed consent before participation. Declaration 5392944 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Uppsala Animal Ethical Committee and Swedish Board of Agriculture (C417/12). Declaration 6204030 Cadaveric material and blood was obtained under authorization of the owner of the dogs. Declaration 5977753 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study and the procedures were approved by the Danish Animal Inspectorate (2013–15–2934–00849) and were carried out in accordance with all institutional, local and national guidelines. Declaration 5452394 Ethics approvalThis study did not require ethical approval. Declaration 5073991 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study did not require any ethical approval, and horse owners volunteered to participate. Declaration 4736141 Ethics approvalThis study did not require official or institutional ethical approval. Declaration 4736141 The animals were handled according to good ethical standards and Swedish legislation. Declaration 6142326 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe Board of Agriculture has given a permission to use material from slaughterhouses for research and education (SE 1171615). Declaration 5493851 Consent for publicationInformed owner consent was obtained for all dogs. Declaration 5543541 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study did not include any living animals or any materials obtained from living animals. Declaration 5414310 Because of conflicting interests among dog breeders, in particular the identity and pedigrees of included animals ought not to be publicly available. Declaration 5414310 Ethics approval and consent to participateNo ethics approval was required as samples were collected in accordance with the institutional guidelines for animal welfare and ethics and all diagnostic procedures and samplings would anyway have been carried out as part of the normal clinical diagnostics in affected animals. Declaration 5414310 The funding bodies had no role in the design of the study or collection, analysis, and interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript. Declaration 5603010 Consent for publicationThe owner of the herd gave consent to publish research data obtained from his cattle. Declaration 5514518 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll animal procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution. Declaration 6123962 Ethics approval and consent to participateInformed consent from the owner and the trainer was obtained before undergoing arthroscopic surgery. Declaration 5073814 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe Uppsala Local Ethics Committee approved the experimental protocol (C178/12). Declaration 5539618 Ethics approvalThis study did not require official or institutional ethical approval because material was collected at already hunted animals. Declaration 6215678 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study did not require official or institutional ethical approval as it was not experimental. Declaration 5210289 The animal was handled according to good ethical standards and Canadian legislation. Declaration 4932754 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interest. Declaration 6219261 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll procedures were approved by the animal welfare officer of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation and the Lower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Oldenburg, Germany (reference number TV-No. Declaration 6090646 Ethics approval and consent to participateThere was no need for ethical approval according to national guidelines as this was a purely observational study of hock lesions. Declaration 6090646 All participating farmers filled in a consent to participate and was informed that they could withdraw their consent if they wished to do so. Declaration 5831591 In this agreement, the owner consents to a range of items but also to the use of medical information for case report documentation as long as the welfare of the animal is not compromised and the identity of client and animal is protected. Declaration 5831591 Ethics approval and consent to participateSince this study concerned the treatment of patients with clinical signs (and not experimental animals) it did not require official or institutional ethical approval. Declaration 5831591 The animals were handled and treated according to the high ethical standards of the Utrecht University Small Animal Clinic and its’ veterinarians and the Dutch legislation. Declaration 5831591 FundingThe authors declare that there were no funding and support. Declaration 4863359 The remaining authors declare that they did not receive payment for any services pertaining to the conduct of this study, interpretation of data or writing of this manuscript. Declaration 4863359 This organization had no role in the data analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 5073852 Ethics approval and consent to participateAnimal handling and data collection were performed with the informed consent of owners, in compliance with the national regulations and the European Council Guidelines (Directive 2010/63/EU) for protection of animals used for experimental purposes, and respecting Animal Care and Welfare protocols. Declaration 5725931 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study did not require official or institutional ethical approval. Declaration 6258303 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee, Uppsala, Sweden (C100/14). Declaration 6142694 Consent for publicationAll owners signed a consent form allowing us publish the results of this study. Declaration 6142694 Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study was not submitted for ethics committee review because it is a retrospective analysis of medical records of the Clinic of Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich. Declaration 6142694 All owners signed a consent form allowing us to use the animals and all the medical data for scientific analysis. Declaration 6282261 In this agreement, the owner consents to a range of items but also to the use of medical information for case report documentation as long as the welfare of the animal is not compromised, and the identity of client and animal is protected. Declaration 6282261 Ethics approval and consent to participateSince this study concerned the treatment of a patient with clinical signs (and not experimental animals) it did not require official or institutional ethical approval. Declaration 6282261 The animal was handled and treated according to the high ethical standards of the Utrecht University Small Animal Clinic and its’ veterinarians and the Dutch legislation. Declaration 6146660 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe conduct of the study including blood sampling of the animals was approved by the ethical committee of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover. Declaration 5415709 Consent to participateAll owners of included dogs signed a written consent form. Declaration 6080557 Consent for publicationThe farmer gave his written consent for sample collection and data publication. Declaration 6080557 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe Ethical Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Perugia and of the Istituto Zooprofilattioco Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche did not deem it necessary to obtain formal approval to conduct this study. Declaration 5865362 Competing interestsTT, JJ and MH declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5865362 Ethics approval and consent to participateUniversity of Helsinki Viikki Campus Ethics Committee has stated that the study is ethically acceptable. Declaration 5865362 The farm owners participating in the study received information about the study and provided signed consent for participation. Declaration 5655941 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was authorized by the Swiss Federal Ethics Committee of the Canton of Zurich (51/2014). Declaration 6151002 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study design was approved by the Danish Ministry of Environment and the Danish Medical Agency. Declaration 5658990 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study design was approved by Finnish National Animal Experiment Board. Declaration 4828894 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests in the manuscript. Declaration 5848521 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll procedures were performed according to the ethical guidelines for the use of animal samples according to the Chonbuk National University (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Decision No. Declaration 5848456 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe samples from healthy control dogs were collected during post-mortem examinations after finishing unrelated studies. Declaration 5848456 These studies were ethically approved by the Finnish National Animal Experiment Board (study license No. Declaration 5848456 Informed owner consent was obtained at the time the dogs were enrolled to perform gastroduodenoscopy and/or colonoscopy. Declaration 5727926 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll animals were treated according to the ethical standards of Tajik Agrarian University, and the samples were collected in compliance with EU legislation on research involving animals . Declaration 5727926 Informed verbal consent was obtained from all participants and documented together with the epidemiological data. Declaration 6233364 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe animal material used for this study was collected according to the Danish Order regarding animal experimentation §2, article 1. Declaration 5866510 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll procedures were approved by the Ethical Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food, Veterinary Administration of the Republic of Slovenia (Animal Protection Act UL RS 43/2007). Declaration 5429517 Ethical approvalThe study was approved by the Institute for Animal Welfare and the Bioethics Committee. Declaration 6020225 Consent for publicationA consent from the pig farmers was obtained for publication of the study. Declaration 6020225 Ethics approval and consent to participateA consent from the pig farmers was obtained for participation in the study. Declaration 6240245 Ethics approval and consent to participateWe adhered to best clinical practices and complied with Directive 2010/63/EU. Declaration 6240245 (f), approval of an ethics committee is not mandatory. Declaration 5429519 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe Approval of Animal Ethics Commission was not required according to the Polish act on the protection of animals used for scientific and educational purposes, which was passed in January 2015 and transposed Directive 2010/63/EU into current Polish legislation. Declaration 6208093 Ethics approval and consent of participateNot applicable. Declaration 6042427 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe cat was handled according to good veterinary practice and Polish veterinary regulations. Declaration 6142623 Ethics approval and consent to participateNo ethical approval was required as the dogs were filmed during standard physiotherapy interventions. Declaration 6142623 The dog-owners gave their consent to have their dog filmed and the performance assessed. Declaration 4667494 Competing interestsThe authors declare they have no competing interest. Declaration 4667494 Consent for publicationWritten informed consent was obtained from the owner of the patient for the publication of this report and any accompanying images. Declaration 5964671 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was performed in accordance with national and institutional regulations. Declaration 5015198 The animals were handled according to good ethical standards. Declaration 5139032 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was a telephone survey and therefore no animals were used in this study, no ethical approval was needed. Declaration 5139032 All participation was voluntary which is why the need for ethics approval was waived. Declaration 5482935 This output reflects only the authors’ view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. Declaration 5848525 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study was based on Licence (Number 2004/561-838) given by The Danish Experimental Animal Inspectorate. Declaration 5359834 The work is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 5928808 We also dedicate it to Bobby and all the hygienists who worked countless hours keeping everyone safe and with great duty and care took on the painful job of body removal. Declaration 5981272 Open access costs were incurred by the authors. Declaration 4494308 Permission to access the site was provided by the management of the golf course. Declaration 4494308 The eastern grey kangaroo is protected under the Queensland Nature Conservation Act 1992. Declaration 5532563 AcknowledgmentsThis study, approved by the university’s institutional review board (IRB02-1601287), was funded by a generous gift from the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). Declaration 4880846 The authors have received no funds for covering the costs to publish in open access. Declaration 4810050 The funder had no involvement with the conduct of this study, interpretation of the results, or writing and submission of this manuscript. Declaration 4693206 AcknowledgmentsThe InnoEquine project was led by MTT Agrifood Research Finland (currently the Natural Resources Institute Finland, Luke) and carried out in collaboration with the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) and Latvia’s University of Agriculture. Declaration 4494382 AcknowledgmentsThe research on which this article is based was commissioned by the World Society for the Protection of Animals for the Australia-New Zealand Emergency Management Committee in line with the direction of the Standing Council on Police and Emergency Management forward work plan and the National Strategy for Disaster Resilience. Declaration 5575569 AcknowledgmentsPreparation of the manuscript was unfunded. Declaration 4494424 AcknowledgmentsThis paper is based on presentations given to the Australian and New Zealand Council for the Care of Animals in Research and Teaching, New Zealand’s National Animal Ethics Advisory Committee, and the Australian and New Zealand Laboratory Animals Association meetings in New Zealand. Declaration 5126767 No funds were provided to cover the costs of open access publishing. Declaration 4128501 This manuscript represents a portion of a thesis submitted by Jessica Hekman to the Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences as partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Science degree. Declaration 5332927 Ethical approval for this study was granted by the University of Queensland Human Ethics Committee (Project Identification Code: 2015000059). Declaration 5946141 Prior to initiation, all study procedures were reviewed and approved by the Iowa State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC 2-12-7296-B) and (IACUC 3-16-822-B). Declaration 3479376 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. Declaration 4210660 The BOLERO-2 trial was conducted in the USA, Japan, Canada, Brazil, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, UK, Egypt, Australia, China (Hong Kong), New Zealand, South Korea, and Thailand. Declaration 5906523 None of the funders had any role in study design, data collection and analysis, interpretation of results, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 3589098 NYSERDA has not reviewed the information contained herein, and the opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect those of NYSERDA or the State of New York. Declaration 3102291 We apologize to participants whose work could not be reviewed in this article due to space limitations. Declaration 4660390 Electron microscopy was performed at the Characterization Facility at the University of Minnesota, which has received capital equipment from NSF MRSEC. Declaration 4216205 Compound purification and characterization was performed at the Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine (IBNAM) and the Integrated Molecular Structure Education and Research Center (IMSERC). Declaration 4076025 The contents of this manuscript do not represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government. Declaration 3082970 The embedded cluster calculations were performed using the NWChem/Guess program on the Chinook supercomputer at EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy’s Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Declaration 4997271 AcknowledgmentsNo sources of funding were received in support of this research work. Declaration 5447915 No other funding was involved. Declaration 5126775 AcknowledgmentsThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Declaration 4880846 AcknowledgmentsThis study was not supported by any grants. Declaration 5981289 AcknowledgmentsThere was no specific funding allocated to this work. Declaration 5035952 No other funding was received to support this study. Declaration 4997274 No other funding has been received to support this work. Declaration 5615297 AcknowledgmentsThe work presented in this paper is unfunded. Declaration 4212797 Components of this work were conducted at the Penn State node of the NSF-funded National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network. Declaration 5142377 All participants donated to the successful achievements of the study. Declaration 4411924 Ethical committee approval was obtained from the NHS Health Research Authority, the NRES Committee London-Hampstead and the Research Ethics Committee London Centre for elucidating the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis by studying the skin, tissue and blood samples from patients and healthy volunteers (REC reference number 6398). Declaration 4693206 All the references are available on request from the authors. Declaration 5295154 AcknowledgmentsThis work was a collaboration between the University of Sydney (Phil McManus and Paul McGreevy) and independent researchers (Jennifer Hood, Carolyn McDonald and Bethany Wilson). Declaration 4216205 SAXS experiments were carried out at the DuPont–Northwestern–Dow Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT). Declaration 6251115 Availability of data and materialsNot applicable. Declaration 5142377 Availability of data and materialsThe data and materials can be made available on request by contacting the corresponding author. Declaration 4504448 ND participated in the design of the interview-guide, practicalities prior to farm visits an assisted in the data management. Declaration 5364693 Written as well as verbally informed consent was taken from each participant for the interview and for it being audio recorded. Declaration 5034622 Verbal informed consent was obtained from volunteers at the start of the focus group. Declaration 5286680 Availability of data and materialsThere is not public availability to the interview transcripts outside of the research team due to reasons of confidentiality. Declaration 5286680 Informed written consent was obtained from all participants before taking part in the interviews. Declaration 5031323 Availability of data and materialsThe Interview Guide is available online as a supplementary file. Declaration 5031323 Summaries of the interviews were sent to participants for approval. Declaration 6260853 The full interview data and coding analysis are available for audits on scientific integrity only: the participants informed consent does not allow for public availability of these data. Declaration 5082355 Availability of data and materialsThe interview material will not be shared because the detailed stories may reveal the identity of study participants and others. Declaration 4890246 The story providers provided consent for the use of the final product (the edited narratives which are derived from the yarning interviews) and the original verbatim transcripts from the interviews are not publically available. Declaration 5994112 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets (interview transcripts) generated and analysed during this study are not publicly available as individual privacy may be compromised. Declaration 5415715 Participants were full-aged, volunteered to participate in this research, provided informed consent, and could opt to decline or withdraw from participation at any point without consequences. Declaration 5000497 However, original filled-in questionnaires and voice records of interviewees will not be shared as is strictly confidential and participants did not consent for that original information to be published. Declaration 5000497 Informed consent with details on the purpose of the study, the rights of the participant and benefits on participation was obtained from prospective interviewees although no personal identifiers were used and no human or animal data was collected in the study or reported in the manuscript. Declaration 5282779 All interview participants approved including parts of the transcribed interview data in this publication, except 1 interviewee whose data were not included in the analysis. Declaration 5282779 All interview participants signed a separate paper consent document before the interviews took place. Declaration 5446747 Availability of data and materialsMore extensive excerpts of interview transcript data used and analysed during the current study may be made available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 5446747 All interviewers and interviewees gave informed consent to participate in the project. Declaration 5002162 All participants were reassured that no information recorded in the interviews would in any way identify individuals. Declaration 5002162 Potential participants were provided with a participant information sheet which explained the aims of the project and information about their participation in the interviews. Declaration 5379665 Consent for publicationThe participants of the interview gave informed consent to be recorded, and those participants selected as representative cases expressing negative emotions towards neurology, gave informed consent for their direct quotes to be published in a research article. Declaration 4957336 Ethics approval and consent to participateAll participants in this study had approved and provided their consents to either complete the questionnaires and/or be involved in the focus group discussions (for students) or to be interviewed (for medical teachers). Declaration 6044020 Transcripts of all interviews and responses to survey are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 4997670 Availability of data and materialsThe data of the interviews with medical speciliasts is avaiable upon request. Declaration 5009635 Availability of data and materialsAll transcribed interviews are available by emailing the corresponding author in French language. Declaration 5009635 They had to sign a form attached about their incentives to the letter and give it to the interviewer on the day of the meeting. Declaration 6282362 Availability of data and materialsThe data the present article is based on were from interviews with IENs and IMGs, and it is therefore not appropriate to make the data available. Declaration 6029173 Availability of data and materialsThere is no public availability to the interview transcripts outside of the research team due to reasons of confidentiality. Declaration 1079846 All relevant ethical conduct research procedures were adhered to and all interviewees gave written, informed consent. Declaration 5288975 Availability of data and materialsTranscribed interviews from this study will not be shared because of the presence of potentially personally-identifiable information. Declaration 4912756 All participants provided written informed consent, which was also audio recorded verbally prior to each interview. Declaration 5288896 Availability of data and materialsThis is a qualitative study with full length interviews. Declaration 5651628 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets (primarily transcribed interviews) generated and analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to the risk of disclosing interviewee identifiable information. Declaration 5348792 Informed consent was obtained from all patients and healthy volunteers. Declaration 5984761 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets generated and/or analyzed during the present study are not publicly available, owing to the identifying information of study participants in the interviews, but they are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 5989435 The authors would like to thank the study participants and report no conflicts of interest with this manuscript. Declaration 5366835 AcknowledgmentsThis article was written based on data projects APVV-0632-10 and APVV-15-0060 of the Slovak Research and Development Agency, Bratislava, Slovakia. Declaration 5928808 Acknowledgments:This article is in honor of the Liberian health workers who lost their lives to Ebola. Declaration 4994247 This is a retrospective study, in which the data analyzed were collected from concluded courses of UNA-SUS/UFMA using the Monsys monitoring system. Declaration 1924518 This article is published as part of Arthritis Research & Therapy Volume 9 Supplement 1, 2007: Basic science, rationale, background and future of denosumab: a RANK ligand inhibitor. Declaration 5452635 Authors' informationNot applicable. Declaration 2582807 This article is published as part of Arthritis Research & Therapy Volume 10 Supplement 2, 2008: New insights in the role of nitric oxide in the management of osteoarthritis. Declaration 4598697 A part of this study was completed by Barry Donovan as partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Science Degree in Animal Health, North Carolina A &T State University. Declaration 4494308 Under the provisions of this Act a Damage Mitigation Permit (WIMP04453007) for the reproductive management program itself and a Scientific Purposes Permit (WISP04452507) for the behavioural observations during and after the management interventions were acquired. Declaration 5290632 The study is approved by the Regional Ethics Committee of the Capital Region of Denmark (H-1-2013-116). Declaration 5073851 About this supplementThis article has been published as part of Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica Volume 58 Supplement 1, 2016: Animal Obesity—causes, consequences and comparative aspects: current research. Declaration 5073980 About this supplementThis article has been published as part of Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica Volume 58 Supplement 1, 2016: Animal obesity — causes, consequences and comparative aspects: current research. Declaration 4863359 None of the authors of this article has a personal relationship with other people or organisations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper. Declaration 5594549 This research was approved by the Animal Research Ethics Committee of the College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture of the Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia (Ref. Declaration 5462587 This article is published with the permission of the Director of the Kenya Medical Research Institute. Declaration 5000445 See research questionnaire is attached to this publication . Declaration 5007708 All the authors have read and approved the final version of this article. Declaration 5347834 This Committee is approved for the Ministry of Health and is conformed according to Colombia’s law. Declaration 5590150 The publication is an initiative of the authors. Declaration 6064143 It did not contribute to the study otherwise or the writing of this article. Declaration 5693445 None to note. Declaration 5629778 Not applicableFundingNone. Declaration 6206627 FundingNone reported. Declaration 5010711 This article does not contain any individual person’s data. Declaration 6238271 FundingNone to report. Declaration 4536794 The study was made possible through the Strengthening Human Resources for Health Project, which is a five year (2012–2017) bilateral cooperative agreement between the Governments of Ethiopia and the United States. Declaration 2720957 This article is based on Rapport fra Nasjonal arbeidsgruppe for evaluering av Forskerlinjen i medisin (Report from the National working group for the evaluation of the Medical Student Research Programmes for medicine) by the deans of the medical faculties in April 2007. Declaration 5833091 In addition there is a script to recreate the MySQL database with all the data populated. Declaration 5769316 Consent for publicationAll authors agreed to publish this article. Declaration 4930573 This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. Declaration 2791835 The research programme is a cooperation between the University of Groningen, the Radboud University (Nijmegen), and the University of Amsterdam. Declaration 5763828 The research for this article was (partly) performed within the framework of the Erasmus Postgraduate School Molecular Medicine. Declaration 5059934 Consent for publicationWe certify that the contents of this article have not been submitted or published elsewhere and written permission has been obtained from all persons named in the acknowledgment. Declaration 6235234 DeclarationsWe confirm that the article has not been published before and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, and that it is approved by all the authors listed. Declaration 2582812 This article is published as part of Arthritis Research & Therapy Volume 10 Supplement 1, 2008: Co-stimulation blockade: from bench to bedside. Declaration 5009676 All figures and video files in this publication are original for this article. Declaration 5414163 This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors. Declaration 6094880 The JDM Cohort study is adopted onto the NIHR Comprehensive Research Network. Declaration 4262380 The opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. Declaration 6143679 The manuscript is approved for publication by the Director of Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, United States as manuscript number 2018-306-32283. Declaration 4916223 This article is based upon work from COST Action FP1106 STReESS, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). Declaration 5216671 We hereby state that no conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and the manuscript is approved by all authors for publication. Declaration 5382453 The manuscript is approved for publication by the Director of Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, USA as manuscript number 2017-306-30716. Declaration 6220067 This research used resources of the Advanced Light Source, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility under contract No. Declaration 4806296 The views and opinion presented in this article are those of the authors. Declaration 4803741 This article is based on work from COST Action FP1106 STReESS, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). Declaration 6236143 Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. Declaration 5550771 This work would not have been possible without the generous provision of mutant and transgenic seed material by Li-Qing Chen (University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, United States) and Wolf Frommer (Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, United States). Declaration 4512567 Conflict of interestNo potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. Declaration 4145192 Conflict of interestAuthors of this study have no conflict of interests regarding this article. Declaration 3528955 The authors received no form of compensation related to the development of this article. Declaration 4491344 Human and Animal Rights and Informed ConsentThis article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. Declaration 4720035 The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. Declaration 1828152 The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Declaration 5773878 About this supplementThis article has been published as part of Environmental Health Volume 16 Supplement 1, 2017: Special Issue on the impact of climate change on health in the UK. Declaration 5387191 Availability of data and materialsQuestionnaire is available in appendix and data available upon request. Declaration 2423459 This article has been published as part of Environmental Health Volume 7 Supplement 1, 2008: Ethics and communication in human biomonitoring: European perspectives. Declaration 5470290 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with regard to the research, authorship and publication of this article. Declaration 2586715 The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS, NIH or NSF. Declaration 2586715 This article has been published as part of Environmental Health Volume 7, Supplement 2, 2008: Proceedings of the Centers for Ocean and Health Investigators Meeting. Declaration 5581466 Availability of data and materialsData sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. Declaration 5121956 The code from the current study is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 4895602 This article has been published as part of Environmental Health Volume 15 Suppl 1, 2016: Healthy-Polis: Challenges and Opportunities for Urban Environmental Health and Sustainability. Declaration 4910201 Financial disclosureThe authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. Declaration 5343384 The other authors have no competing interest relevant to this article. Declaration 5111248 Routine use of these data for such purposes is authorized under the provincial Public Health Act. Declaration 5299642 DisclaimerThe statements and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the California Air Resources Board. Declaration 5286689 The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors, and do not represent those of the California Environmental Protection Agency or the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Declaration 6048711 Therefore, it is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 5009709 All authors have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. Declaration 270076 The authors are solely responsible for all results and conclusions presented in this article, and do not necessarily reflect the position of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. Declaration 4320564 The study is a part of the WHO-GPA collaborating project “New chemical health risks in transportation and warehousing of cargo due to the globalization” (LTB). Declaration 5320640 The present work is a dissertation project by Simone Giannini for the first-year Master’s Program in Epidemiology at the University of Turin, Italy. Declaration 6215652 Study associationThis article is part of the doctoral dissertation of Sara MG Brandao for the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. Declaration 5742254 The work reported in this article was undertaken as a part of the CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes. Declaration 4885872 This article forms part of doctoral dissertation of KN. Declaration 4885842 The data included in this article first appeared in EO’s doctoral thesis (Orton, 2012). Declaration 3664313 This study is a part of EC-FP7-ICON project. Declaration 4220095 This research is an output from the Landscapes and Policy Research Hub. Declaration 2600635 This is a MARE publication 153. Declaration 4494447 The text represents the authors’ views and does not necessarily represent a position of the Commission who will not be liable for the use made of such information. Declaration 4494436 The text represents the author’s views and does not necessarily represent a position of the Commission who will not be liable for the use made of such information. Declaration 4939606 This information has not been presented previously. Declaration 6251139 Availability of data and materialsNo original data were presented in this manuscript. Declaration 6211494 All publications and presentations related to the study will be authorised and reviewed by the study investigators. Declaration 5004301 Availability of data and materialsNo data are presented, as this is a study protocol. Declaration 5117582 Participants were asked to read the informed consent prior to proceeding to the electronic survey. Declaration 4960693 Program representatives did not take any direct or indirect influence on any part of this study, including study design, data analysis, and reporting of findings. Declaration 4994161 The participants were informed about the research study in two ways: first verbally during the seminar where the questionnaires were distributed; and second by having them read written information about the study prior to answering the questionnaire. Declaration 4362834 This work is part of a dissertation that was presented by Ana Flávia Marçal Pessoa as a partial requirement for the Master’s degree in Health Sciences at the School of Medical Sciences, UFMT. Declaration 2072883 This article is part of Arthritis Research & Therapy Volume 9 Supplement 2: Advances in systemic sclerosis and related fibrotic and vascular conditions, and is based on presentations made at a symposium entitled Advances in systemic sclerosis and connective tissue disease, sponsored by Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, held in Athens, Greece in April 2006. Declaration 4983060 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe Institutional Review Board of Boston University approved the protocol and reviewed the study annually. Declaration 4995624 Consent for publicationWhen consenting to the study, patients were made aware that the results from the study will be published in journals and at conferences. Declaration 4518181 The paper has not previously been presented at any meeting or conference. Declaration 3725977 This paper has not been presented in any meeting. Declaration 3134770 The research protocol was approved by the UCLA Animal Care Committee on 13 May 2002 and renewed annually. Declaration 1796603 The conference would have been impossible without the help of the local organizing committee (Olivier Jeffroy, Nicolas Rodrigue and Marie Robichaud), and of the scientific committee (Cédric Chauve, Nadia El-Mabrouk, Franz Lang, Vladimir Makarenkov, and David Sankoff). Declaration 6023516 He had agreed to undergo care at our teaching hospital, which includes presentation at clinical and educational conferences. Declaration 4494443 AcknowledgmentsCor van der Weele participates in the project “Cultured meat as a co-construction of science, ethics and social science“, that is funded by the Dutch ministry of Economic Affairs. Financial 5791381 Consumables for the study were funded by the School of Health Science and the School of Psychology, Social Work and Scoial policy, University of South Australia. Financial 1569367 The research was in part funded by the Ministry of Agriculture and it was performed in close co-operation with the Chief Veterinary Office of Iceland. Financial 4810051 AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by Guy Farrands, Jan Cameron, Petcare Information and Advisory Service (PIAS) and donors to the Centre for Companion Animal Health, The University of Queensland. Financial 5836033 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge The Australian Pet Welfare Foundation for a research grant enabling this work to be performed, to John Bishop for allowing us access to the PetRescue dog and cat data from the same time period, and to Dr Veronika Czerwinski for helping with the initial stages of data cleaning. Financial 4494425 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank the Wikland-Geete foundation, the Gulli Strålfeldt foundation, and the Unitec Faculty of Social and Health Sciences Research Fund for financial support. Financial 4494315 AcknowledgmentsThe review was undertaken with the financial support of Australian Pork Limited, Australian Meat Processor Corporation, Dairy Australia, Meat & Livestock Australia, Australian Egg Corporation Limited, Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, Australian Government Department of Agriculture, and the authors’ institutions on behalf of the Australian National Primary Industry Animal Welfare Research, Development and Extension Strategy. Financial 4598691 Palmer acknowledges the Department for Agriculture for Northern Ireland (DARDNI) for a postgraduate scholarship. Financial 5447915 AcknowledgmentsThe fee for open access publication was supplied by the Center for Developmental and Applied Aspects of Psychological Science (CeDAPS), Aalborg University. Financial 5615303 This funding includes support to publish in open access. Financial 5532563 The funding included covering the costs to publish the manuscript in open access. Financial 5836028 AcknowledgmentsSome funding was provided by donors to the School of Veterinary Science, the University of Queensland, and some resource support was provided by the Australian Pet Welfare Foundation. Financial 5867522 This manuscript is part of the PhD thesis of Matthias Eggel and is funded by the Messerli Foundation. Financial 5532564 We would like to thank the New Zealand Companion Animal Trust for funding this research and its publication in open access. Financial 5789300 AcknowledgmentsFunding was provided by the University of Queensland and MPP. Financial 5789300 The authors thank the sponsors Maddie’s Fund®, Found Animals, and The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) for covering all the processing charges related to the publication of this manuscript. Financial 5789307 AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by the Sheep Cooperative Research Centre (CRC), the University of New England School of Science & Technology, and the Commonwealth through an Australian Postgraduate Award. Financial 5532565 Some funding was provided by donors to the School of Veterinary Science, the University of Queensland, and some resource support was provided by the Australian Pet Welfare Foundation. Financial 5981289 The author would like to thank Dogs Trust for providing funding to publish open access. Financial 4552214 We also acknowledge the efforts of student volunteers, and the financial support of the University of Queensland and the Australian Government's Australian Animal Welfare Strategy. Financial 5836034 These research funds covered the cost to publish in open access. Financial 4494418 AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge RSPCA Australia, RSPCA Queensland and the anonymous donors for their generous funding of this project. Financial 4997273 The research was jointly funded by the Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre, Brisbane City Council, Logan City Council, Somerset Regional Council, Moreton Bay Regional Council, Gold Coast City Council, Sunshine Coast Regional Council and Biosecurity Queensland (Department of Agriculture and Fisheries). Financial 5981283 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the Swedish Research Council Formas for providing funding to the Centre of Excellence for Farm Animal Welfare Research at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linköping University, including this project, and staff at the County Administrative Board of Västra Götaland and at Arla Foods AB for providing documentation. Financial 5126766 This research was conducted as part of an MSc by Sienna Taylor, funded by Unex Designs Ltd. Financial 4810047 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology (Contract C09X0910 “Control of small mammal pests”). Financial 5664035 The Danish Cattle Levy Fund supported analyses for the inflammatory markers in blood samples. Financial 4693214 Pascale Rialland received a doctoral Industrial Innovation Scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada #406726), the Fonds de recherche du Québec–Nature et Technologies (#144812) and ArthroLab, Inc. Financial 4730119 AcknowledgmentsThis review was funded by a BBSRC Future Leader Fellowship to Joanne Edgar. Financial 4494385 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge Lotus Petfood for funding the ingredients and preparation for samples. Financial 4929419 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) for funding this study, and the Humane Society International/UK and the Baker Trust for supporting Sandra Baker during preparation of this manuscript. Financial 4494328 AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by the Livestock Emissions Abatement Research Network (LEARN) of the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (Contract MAF POL 0910-11435). Financial 4693197 The publication cost of this manuscript was funded by the FP7 GOLD OPEN ACCESS Pilot. Financial 5406675 AcknowledgmentsOpen access publication costs were covered by the University of Winchester. Financial 4494323 This study applied technical developments partly financed by PICT 1220 2007 of the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT) of the Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación (MINCyT) (Argentina). Financial 5295154 This study and the costs of publishing in open access were funded by an Australian Research Council grant (Caring for Thoroughbreds) held by Phil McManus and Paul McGreevy. Financial 5867529 AcknowledgmentsThe Dorothy Russell Havemeyer Foundation is warmly thanked for generously supporting this workshop on equine welfare. Financial 5867529 RSPCA Australia covered the costs to publish in open access. Financial 5332927 It was funded by the New Zealand Government Ministry of Primary Industries, the European Commission via OIE, World Animal Protection, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), the Malaysian Government Department of Veterinary Services via UPM, and the Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food. Financial 5187501 This research has been facilitated by access to the Australian Proteome Analysis Facility which is funded by an initiative of the Australian Government as part of the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy. Financial 4494437 Funding was provided by the Phillip Island Nature Parks and BirdLife Australia through the “Beach-nesting birds project” (via the Caring For Our Country programme of the Australian Government). Financial 4494437 The write up was assisted by a writing workshop funded by the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, and the manuscript was improved by four anonymous reviewers. Financial 5406673 Open access publishing costs were provided by the Cooperative Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation. Financial 5615300 AcknowledgmentsFunding provided by gifts from anonymous private donors towards the Equine and Comparative Neurology Research Group. Financial 4997274 AcknowledgmentsOpen access publication funds were received from the University of Winchester. Financial 5318491 This investigation was supported by the National Science Centre (Poland), Project no. Financial 4839052 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited sponsored this study, collected and analyzed the study data, and gave medical editorial assistance with this manuscript. Financial 4999470 This work was sponsored by AstraZeneca, who provided support for the conduct of the study, data collection and project management. Financial 4210660 Funding for medical editorial support was also provided by Novartis. Financial 4210660 Financial support for medical editorial assistance was provided by Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Financial 4246006 AcknowledgmentsThis work was carried out as part of the MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, supported jointly by the Medical Research Council and Public Health England. Financial 4660389 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01-HG007406 and P41-RR005969), the National Science Foundation (DMR-0955959), Wenner-Gren Foundations, and The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. Financial 4278682 Studies were supported by generous funding from STOP Cancer, The Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Foundation, Mary Kay Foundation, California Institute of Regenerative Medicine, and the Alvarez Family Foundation. Financial 4278690 Part of the equipment used in this research was obtained through Birmingham Science City: “Innovative Uses for Advanced Materials in the Modern World” with support from Advantage West Midlands and part funded by the European Regional Development Fund. Financial 4046801 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported, in part, by the Intramural Research Program (IRP) of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), and by the Department of Defense (DOD) Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM). Financial 3953894 WT 088641/Z/09/Z and the King’s College London and UCL Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre funded by the CRUK and EPSRC in association with the MRC and DoH (England). Financial 3953894 We thank the Wellcome Trust for an equipment grant for the purchase of the SPECT-CT scanner, NanoPET Pharma for the generous gift of Feraspin XS, Covidien for providing us with Isolink kits, Lea Ann Dailey (Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, KCL) for access to the DLS instrument, Steve Clark for assistance in the in vivo studies, the staff at the Radiopharmacy at Guys Hospital in London for the radionuclide, and Alice Warley and the Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging (CUI) at KCL for TEM imaging. Financial 4046792 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), and partially supported by an AXA Research Fund Postdoctoral Fellowship, the NRF Postdoctoral Fellowship (2013R1A6A3A03) and NRF grant (2009-0080734) funded by the Korea government (MSIP). Financial 4148172 This work was supported in part by the Koch Institute Support (core) Grant P30-CA14051 from the NCI, the MIT MRSEC Grant DMR-0819762 from the NSF, the National Research Foundation (NRF-NRFF2011-01), and technical assistance from the MIT Department of Comparative Medicine, Koch Institute Swanson Biotechnology Center, specifically the FACS, Peterson Nanotechnology core, ATWAI, and Tang Histology facilities. Financial 4212801 Acknowledgments are also extended to the grant-funding support provided by the MSKCC NIH Core Grant (P30-CA008748). Financial 4660396 The authors acknowledge support from MINECO and the “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional” (FEDER) through Grant MAT2012-31338, the European Union (ERC-carbonNEMS project), and the Catalan government (AGAUR, SGR). Financial 4415450 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC), project “NEMinTEM”, number 267922, and by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO/OCW), as part of the Frontiers of Nanoscience program. Financial 3936823 This work was supported by grants from the Department for Employment and Learning of Northern Ireland (Strengthening the All-Island Research Base) and The Wellcome Trust UK (WT008532). Financial 3160147 This work was supported in part by National Cancer Institute (NCI) Grants 1U54CA119367 and 1U54CA151459 through the Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence at Stanford University, and NCI R33CA138330 grant; by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2009-352- D00112); and by the World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) of the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan. Financial 2651733 This work was supported by PN2 EY018230 from NIH Nanomedicine Development Center for Phi29 DNA Packaging Motor for Nanomedicine through NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Financial 4076025 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by grants from NIAMS (AR056090), the Georgia Research Alliance (GRA. Financial 6150715 AcknowledgmentsFinancial support from the Academy of Finland (Grants Financial 4046784 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (1R01EB016721 and R21CA152473) and MSCRF-TEDCO. Financial 4046802 This work draws on molecular architectures and sequence design algorithms developed within the NSF Molecular Programming Project (NSF-CCF-0832824 and NSF-CCF-1317694) and was funded by the NIH (5R01EB006192), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF2809), and the Beckman Institute at Caltech (Programmable Molecular Technology Center). Financial 5876619 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by The Netherlands Organization for Financial 4580967 The authors also wish to express their appreciation to the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies at MIT, supported by the Army Research Office and Army Research Laboratories, whose facilities and/or equipment were used to conduct the research reported in this paper. Financial 4052381 AcknowledgmentsThe new data were taken for a project supported by NIH Grant R01GM44976 at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the NIH/NIGMS under NSF Award DMR-0936384. Financial 4073644 EMSL is sponsored by the Department of Energy’s Office of Biological and Environmental Research located at PNNL. Financial 5444014 UMRG (RP010B-13AET) and also the Ministry of Education, Malaysia, for supporting with Grant no. Financial 5937559 AcknowledgmentsThis review work was made possible by the funding support from the UA at Little Rock Engineering and Information Technology (EIT) and the UA at Little Rock School of Counseling, Human Performance and Rehabilitation. Financial 5070424 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the West Midlands Rehabilitation Centre (WMRC), part of Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust for providing gait measurement laboratory support, and Applied Computing and Engineering Ltd (AC&E) for their sponsorship of this project. Financial 6079584 AcknowledgmentsThis review study was financially supported by the Malaysia Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) grant. Financial 4745425 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank National Natural Science Foundation of China (81401492) and the Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (KM201510016012) for financially supporting this research. Financial 4976261 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the institutions: Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Universidad Tecnológica de Querétaro and CONACYT, also CRIQ Centro de Rehabilitación Integral de Querétaro, and the therapists for their advice and discussion about rehabilitation protocols. Financial 5554564 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the ICT R&D program of MSIP/IIPT (Grant no. Financial 5530447 NN518412638: “The thermochemical surface modification of preprototypes of the minimally invasive RHA endoprostheses and porous intraosseous implants,” 2010–2015, Head: Ryszard Uklejewski. Financial 4494393 AcknowledgmentsResearch at Cornell University was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (ATM-0551107). Financial 5742791 AcknowledgmentsThe project is supported by funds of the German Government’s Special Purpose Fund held at Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank. Financial 5789310 AcknowledgmentsElein Hernandez would like to thank the Science and Technology Council of Mexico (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT) for its financial support during her DVSc program. Financial 4494441 This work was supported in part by the Rapid Response Fund Request from the Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, and the Cesar and Ilusion Millan Foundation. Financial 6211009 AcknowledgmentsThe authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this work through a research group project NO. Financial 6071021 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Fund for Scientists in Sheep Industry System (No. Financial 5981272 AcknowledgmentsThis project was funded and supported by USDA APHIS Veterinary Services 13-9100-1430-CA and 14-6100-0032-GR. Financial 4494447 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the financial support from the FP7 programme of the European Commission for the project “Good animal welfare in a socio-economic context: Project to promote insight on the impact for the animal, the production chain and European society of upgrading animal welfare standards (EconWelfare)”. Financial 5447918 AcknowledgmentsThis project was funded by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and in kind supported by sustainable pork chain “De Hoeve BV”. Financial 4880847 This research was funded by the Australian Professional Rodeo Association (APRA). Financial 5946143 AcknowledgmentsSupported by funding from Pet Food Institute and World Pet Association. Financial 5035947 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by Zoetis. Financial 5981281 AcknowledgmentsThis project was supported by funds of the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL, Germany) based on a decision of the Parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany via the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE, Germany) under the innovation support programme. Financial 4494283 The authors received financial support from the Centre for Environmental Research and the Feldbausch foundation of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz. Financial 4494283 The corresponding author was financed by the Postdoctoral Fellowship of the In-house Research Founding Programme of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz. Financial 4598697 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Agricultural Research Program at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University with funding from the USDA NIFA, Hatch project number NC. Financial 4494411 AcknowledgmentThis study was funded by the National Pork Board. Financial 5981279 The data used in this report has been collected with the support of a variety of grants and salary support over the years. Financial 5981276 AcknowledgmentsThis project was supported, in part, by funding from the Threatened Species Commissioner’s Office. Financial 4494404 This researchwas part of a master thesis funded by CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel). Financial 5946128 AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs. Financial 4494396 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by NASA grants to Friedemann Freund from the NASA Earth Surface and Interior (ESI) Program (NNX12AL71G through the San Jose State University Research Foundation) and from the NASA Exobiology Program (NNX10AR81G through the SETI Institute). Financial 4494396 Viktor Stolc was supported by the NASA Human Research Program at the NASA Ames Research Center. Financial 4693212 This work was supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR); project FeedPhobic ANR-12-JSV7-0011-01. Financial 4730122 AcknowledgmentsThe Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) project (FP7-KBBE-2010-4) has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration. Financial 4494305 This study was funded by OMAF. Financial 4997269 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the Fats and Proteins Research Foundation for funding this study. Financial 5615303 AcknowledgmentsThis project was supported by funding from the Australian Government Department of Agriculture and Water Resources as part of its Rural R&D for Profit programme. Financial 5704113 AcknowledgmentsThe study funding was provided by AgResearch Core funding (A19041). Financial 5704113 Heather Neave was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Canada Graduate Scholarship and the Michael Smith Foreign Study Supplement. Financial 4598689 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to acknowledge CNPq for financial support of the research through the Inter-institutional Chain of Production Network for Agroecological Milk (Rede Interinstitucional da Cadeia Produtiva do Leite Agroecológico), nº 562908/2010-2, Edital 22/2010—Theme D. Financial 6025449 AcknowledgmentsThis research was funded by the Center for Sensory Analysis and Consumer Behavior, Kansas State University. Financial 5742788 The study was funded by the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration. Financial 5836028 We also thank the Australian Pet Welfare Foundation for partially funding this research. Financial 4494288 The project was supported in part by Grant No. Financial 5789308 AcknowledgmentsThis work is partially supported by Rapid Agricultural Response Funds from the Minnesota Agricultural Experimental Station. Financial 4494342 Clare McGuiness was funded by a University of Adelaide Summer Vacation Scholarship. Financial 4494440 This study was funded by the Irish Dairy Levy Research Foundation. Financial 4494420 AcknowledgmentsThis project has been financially supported through contributions from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the Canadian Dairy Commission and Dairy Farmers of Canada under the Dairy Research Cluster Program. Financial 4494300 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Matching Fund Subsidy for Private Universities from The Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan. Financial 4494436 The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement No. Financial 4494436 Finally, the Dutch project partner would like to acknowledge financial support from the Dutch ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovations. Financial 4494295 AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by the ASPCA®. Financial 4693208 Grazyne Tresoldi thanks the Canadian Government (Emerging Leaders of the Americas Program) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior— CAPES/Brasil for the financial support. Financial 4693218 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported under the Australian Research Council’s Linkage Projects funding scheme (project number LP0560344: Fertility management of koalas, kangaroos and wallabies, led by the late Prof Des Cooper), and assisted with funding from The University of Western Australia and the former Department of Environment and Conservation (now Parks and Wildlife). Financial 4693218 Nicole Willers was supported by an APAI scholarship. Financial 4494292 BI and JB have been supported by project CGL 2008-00562/BOS of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, and by the European Regional Development Fund. Financial 4494427 AcknowledgmentsThis study would not have been possible without funding from the National Pork Board. Financial 4810052 AcknowledgmentsAppreciation is extended to the Cooperative Research Centre for High Integrity Australian Pork for funding and provision of a postgraduate scholarship to the first author. Financial 5532570 AcknowledgmentsThis work was partly funded by Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC), Chicken Meat. Financial 5532566 We thank all our donors and patrons that have funded this work. Financial 5332928 AcknowledgmentsLisa Maria Glenk was supported by the Swiss Messerli Foundation, project FA37114006. Financial 4494312 AcknowledgmentsThank you to the farms and plant that participated and to the National Pork Boards Pork’s Checkoff program for funding. Financial 5447920 AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by the Young Investigator Grant Program at the Center for Companion Animal Studies. Financial 6262618 AcknowledgmentsThe authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this work through a research group project NO (RG-1438-018). Financial 5035945 AcknowledgmentsThe meeting was funded by the NC3Rs as part of a Strategic Award to Huw Golledge, Newcastle University (G1000878/1). Financial 6115786 AcknowledgmentsThank you to the ARS-USDA Livestock Behavior Research Unit for providing funding for this work. Financial 4513474 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge ELANCO Animal Health for funding the construction of the hoods, the members of the Biological and Agricultural Engineering Shop at UC Davis who constructed the hoods, and the Farm Crew at the UC Davis Department of Animal Science for their help with the set-up of the system. Financial 5366840 AcknowledgmentsThis study was partly funded by a national competitive grant from Australian Egg Corporation Limited, and student sponsorship for Hannah Larsen was partly funded through the Poultry Cooperative Research Centre. Financial 5946132 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by the United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) under project MH0150, Study to investigate humane killing methods for neonate livestock. Financial 4773736 AcknowledgmentsThe CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) and INCT-Pecuária (Informação Genético Sanitária da Pecuária Brasileira—INCT #573899/2008-8/INCT #APQ-0084/08) (MCT/CNPq/FAPEMIG) for scholarships financial support. Financial 5532569 AcknowledgmentsThis work was partly funded by the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC), Chicken Meat. Financial 4494270 SAC and BioSS receive funding from the Scottish Government Financial 4810050 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by a grant from The Stanton Foundation when the Center for Shelter Dogs was located at the Animal Rescue League of Boston. Financial 5575571 AcknowledgmentsThe funding for this research was obtained via a grant from the World Pet Association and the Pet Food Institute. Financial 5867525 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank United States Poultry and Egg Association (US Poultry) for funding this study. Financial 5946130 AcknowledgmentsThe study is part of the research project “GeoBio-Interactions” funded by the VW-Stiftung (grant number Az 93 403) within the initiative “Experiment!” Financial 4598707 This research was funded by USDA-NRI (Award #2002-35206-12839). Financial 5366836 These organisations also provided the funding for the 2012 and 2013 Benchmarks that are the subject of this article. Financial 5366833 This work was supported by a specific cooperative agreement between Texas Tech University and USDA-ARS, and by the German Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technik (Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst—DAAD Program). Financial 5867519 AcknowledgmentsThis project is supported by funding from the Australian Government Department of Agriculture and Water Resources and CSIRO. Financial 4846825 KG for financial support. Financial 4494310 This research was supported by Regione Lombardia, Programma di Sviluppo Rurale 2007–2013, Misura 124. Financial 4494370 We thank the Born Free Foundation for funding and logistical support. Financial 4494384 This study was funded by DEPI Victoria. Financial 5981273 AcknowledgmentsKira Macmillan is financially supported by Growing Forward 2 (a federal-provincial-territorial initiative). Financial 6210433 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony (Hannover, Germany) for financial support. Financial 5126774 AcknowledgmentsAll funding for this study was provided by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Financial 5867527 AcknowledgmentsThis research was funded by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA), UK Government (Grant reference. Financial 5126768 AcknowledgmentsAppreciation is extended to the Cooperative Research Centre for High Integrity Australian Pork for funding and provision of a postgraduate scholarship to the senior author. Financial 4693206 The InnoEquine project was funded by the European Union Central Baltic Interreg IVA Programme. Financial 4495511 We would also like to thank the Humane Society of the United States for funding the questionnaire. Financial 4494410 AcknowledgmentsThe National Pork Board (USA) funded this work. Financial 4494266 This study was partially supported by FAPESP (Grant-in-aid 02/08398-9, Brazil). Financial 4494268 This study was supported by Japan Grants-in Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) (research project number 23580435). Financial 5406677 AcknowledgmentsThis project partially supported by USDA Hatch Funds. Financial 4494294 AcknowledgmentsThis project was supported by the Australian Government Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency, and the CSIRO Sustainable Agriculture Flagship. Financial 4494294 The Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry provided financial support to carry out the soil carbon research used in this study. Financial 5332929 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge with gratitude the financial support of Sask Pork, Alberta Pork, Manitoba Pork, Ontario Pork, Maple Leaf Foods, the Alberta Livestock Meat Agency, the Saskatchewan Agricultural Development Fund and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council. Financial 5332929 Sébastien Goumon was supported by Grant No. Financial 5742781 The finance for this research has been provided by the animals involved. Financial 4598704 This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust UK (Grant Number 07213/Z/03/Z) and the Irish National Development Plan. Financial 5946139 This study was funded by the Best Friends Animal Society, and the Michelson Found Animals Foundation, Inc. Financial 5867521 AcknowledgmentsThis project is supported, in part, by funding from the Australian Government Department of Agriculture and Water Resources as part of its Rural R&D for Profit programme. Financial 5867530 AcknowledgmentsThis research is part of a large, multi-species project collectively funded by Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan, Egg Farmers of Canada, Hybrid Turkeys, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA), Turkey Farmers of Canada through the Canadian Poultry Research Council, and Turkey Farmers of Ontario through the Poultry Industry Council. Financial 4494303 AcknowledgmentsThis project was initiated, funded, and led by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs). Financial 4693215 AcknowledgmentsYi Chen is funded by Department of Biochemistry Devolved Scholarship, University of Saskatchewan. Financial 4693215 PG is funded by a Tier I CRC in Neonatal Mucosal Immunology provided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). Financial 4598713 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Bonn, Germany) for financial support (DA 558/6-1). Financial 6210737 Likewise, we acknowledge the entire staff of hosberg AG, as well as the support of Wüthrich Brüterei AG and Prodavi AG, which funded and supported the investigation. Financial 4513475 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by grants SV3500, SE0528 and SEO423 from the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), UK. Financial 4494299 This project has been financially supported through contributions from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the Canadian Dairy Commission and Dairy Farmers of Canada under the Dairy Research Cluster Program. Financial 5295155 Sincere thanks go to the CNPQ (National Council of Technological and Scientific Development) for granting a PhD scholarship to Filipe Dalla Costa to conduct his studies and EMBRAPA Swine and Poultry for financial support, manpower, and facilities usage. Financial 5366835 This study was made possible also through projects NAZV QJ1210144, Czech Republic, and CEGEZ 26220120073, supported by the Operational Programme Research and Development funded from the European Regional Development Fund. Financial 4494433 AcknowledgmentsStudies from our laboratories were funded by the National Pork Board checkoff. Financial 5664035 AcknowledgmentsMeat & Livestock Australia and the Australian Commonwealth Government funded this project. Financial 5704114 The DAWIN project was funded by the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration. Financial 4693207 AcknowledgmentsThe Cooperative Research Centre for High Integrity Australian Pork financially supported an Undergraduate Honours Scholarship to conduct this study. Financial 4494307 AcknowledgmentsWe thank National Pork Board for funding this study. Financial 4598695 AcknowledgmentsThis research was undertaken whilst the first authored was funded by a summer scholarship provided by CQUniversity. Financial 4494454 AcknowledgmentsThis study was partly supported by a Sasakawa Grant (21-516). Financial 4513461 This research was supported by NSF-DEB 0741450 to JSA, PP and RER. Financial 4494388 Jeremy Lewis was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s undergraduate Research Scholars Program at New Mexico State University. Financial 4494388 The New Mexico Department of Game and Fish provided partial funding for this study, which was facilitated by the USGS New Mexico Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit. Financial 6071011 This research was supported by ordinary funding from the University of Naples “Federico II”. Financial 5126767 AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by the Australian Horse Industry Development Fund and HorseSA, Kent Town South Australia, Australia. Financial 4693197 AcknowledgmentsThe present document results from the Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) Project, which has been co-financed by the European Commission, within the VII Framework Program (FP7-KBBE-2010-4). Financial 4494453 AcknowledgmentsThis project was funded by the Tubney Charitable Trust. Financial 4494286 AcknowledgmentsThis study has been supported by both the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIIN-HAR2009-07223/HIST) and the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV2009AIRE-05). Financial 4494286 David Riba’s research is funded by Fundación Atapuerca. Financial 6262326 AcknowledgmentsWe greatly acknowledge the financial support by Biovet, Denmark, to purchase the hammocks. Financial 4494383 This research was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Matching Fund Subsidy for Private Universities from The Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan. Financial 5946136 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by a grant from the United States National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2015-67021-22901). Financial 5789299 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the Swedish research council Formas for providing funding to the Centre of Excellence for Farm Animal Welfare Research which includes this project. Financial 5836025 AcknowledgmentsThe research described in this article was funded by Wageningen School of Social Sciences (WASS) and a research budget was provided by the Social Sciences Group (SSG) of Wageningen University. Financial 5981286 The study was partly funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG; BU 1235/8-1) and the Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank (Z-20039/-7). Financial 4128501 This project was supported by the National Center for Research Resources and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) of the National Institutes of Health through Grant Number T32 RR018267. Financial 4128501 This publication was also supported by Grant NumberR025752 fr UL1 Rom the National Center for Research Resources. Financial 5447919 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Ouranos and the Québec government with its Fonds vert/PACC 2013–2020 initiative for their financial support. Financial 5447919 The Fonds de recherche du Québec—Nature et technologies is also acknowledged for its funding through a postdoctoral fellowship. Financial 5742796 AcknowledgmentsA portion of this project, including publishing, was funded by Equine Guelph (#EG 2015 06). Financial 4730120 The work was financed by the Green Development and Demonstration Programme (GUDP), established under the Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Fisheries, Denmark. Financial 4494362 This work was supported by the Deakin University Centre for Integrative Ecology (CIE) and a School of Life and Environmental Sciences Collaborative Research Grant. Financial 6025144 The authors thank the Special Issue sponsors, Maddie’s Fund®, Found Animals, and The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) for funding the publication fees. Financial 5483607 Christopher Pinelli was supported as a veterinary student by a scholarship from the Merck-Merial Veterinary Scholars Program. Financial 5483607 This work was supported by Grants for Laboratory Animal Science (GLAS) from the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. Financial 4494408 AcknowledgmentsThe study was conducted with funding of the British High Commission (South Africa) administered by the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Financial 4494324 This study was funded by the Research and Development Department of the ASPCA®. Financial 6210252 AcknowledgmentsThe authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this work through a research group project NO (RG-1438-066). Financial 4494338 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the Director of the Wildlife Department and the Conservator of Forests in Sri Lanka for granting permission for our field work. Financial 4494338 This research received support from the SYNTHESYS Project, which is financed by European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP6 “Structuring the European Research Area” Program (NL-TAF-3491). Financial 5946141 The research was supported by grants from the USDA APHIS, grant # 11-9200-1357-CA and USDA APHIS grant #15-9100-1357-CA. Financial 5836027 LT is being supported by a grant to ACC&D from The William & Charlotte Parks Foundation for Animal Welfare. Financial 4494415 Nuno Henrique Franco is the recipient of a post-doctoral grant (reference SFRH/BPD/85978/2012) by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). Financial 5789306 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the United States Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Veterinary Service (VS) for funding this study (Grant number: 08-6100-0035-GR). Financial 5946129 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by a grant from Maddie’s Fund to Best Friends Animal Society, Kanab, Utah. Financial 5187501 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to acknowledge funding provided by Australian Pork Limited (2014/445). Financial 5836031 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the Special Issue sponsors, Maddie's Fund®, Found Animals, and The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) for funding the publication fees. Financial 5836031 The authors thank the RSPCA, CAWE and donors to the School of Veterinary Science for providing funding to support the study. Financial 5789301 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the United States Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Veterinary Service (VS) for funding this study (Grant number: 16-9794-2545-GR). Financial 4997272 AcknowledgmentsThe Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) project (FP7-KBBE-2010-4) has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development, and demonstration. Financial 4598705 The Umbria Region financially supported the project. Financial 4513462 This research was supported by a research grant provided by “Fondazione Luigi e Francesca Brusarosco”, in the framework of the projects funded by the European Commission HERMES (Hot Spot Ecosystem Research on the Margins of European Seas FPVI, Contract No. Financial 4880851 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Perrigo Animal Health for funding this project (24G476). Financial 4494426 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully acknowledge funding support from Manitoba Rural Adaptation Council, Manitoba Conservation District Associations and Conservation Districts, and the University of Manitoba. Financial 4494276 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful for the financial support of the School of Psychology & Psychiatry, Monash University. Financial 5126769 AcknowledgmentsThis project was funded by the Australian Department of Agriculture, Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation-Chicken Meat, Australian Egg Corporation Limited, Australian Livestock Export Corporation Limited (LiveCorp), Dairy Australia, Meat and Livestock Australia, and Australian Pork Limited. Financial 5981280 This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China . Financial 4961999 AcknowledgmentsThe research was financially supported by the project IGA IP 9/2015 AF MENDELU: Determination of Phytoestrogen Content in Fresh Fodder of Clover Plants. Financial 5704109 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the Govan Mbeki Research and Development Centre (GMRDC), Risk and Vulnerability Science Centre (RVSC) and National Research Foundation (NRF) for funding this study. Financial 6025636 AcknowledgmentsThe first author would like to thank the Royal Veterinary College, which funded work for a PhD project that this paper is based on. Financial 5575573 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge Murdoch University Research Masters with Training funding. Financial 4494407 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the individuals and organizations that have supported the development and growth of the shelter program at Mississippi State University. Financial 5704108 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by the Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) research grant number 9507600. Financial 4494455 This research was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Project number: SFRH/BPD/64149/2009. Financial 6025111 This work was funded by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2014CB138500). Financial 5035949 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by the Australian Department of Agriculture, Dairy Australia, Meat and Livestock Australia, the University of Melbourne, DARD, and AgriSearch. Financial 6025537 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO, AGL2014-54124R). Financial 6025537 Alba Santos gratefully acknowledges the receipt of a pre-doctoral grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (MECD, FPU15/01630). Financial 4929418 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to acknowledge Pork Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) for funding this research (3A-1090910). Financial 5615296 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to acknowledge funding support from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. Financial 4494281 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by funding from Dairy Australia, Meat and Livestock Australia and the Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry under its Australia’s Farming Future Climate Change Research Program. Financial 5906528 The authors thank the Belk Endowment grant at UNC Charlotte and the R01 CA135650 Grant supported by the National Institute of Health. Financial 5906508 This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant numbers. Financial 4691585 This work was supported partly by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 15H04796. Financial 4623063 The JBCRG-01 study was supported by the Osaka Cancer Research Foundation, and Advanced Clinical Research Organization. Financial 4623063 The JBCRG-02 and JBCRG-03 studies were supported by the Advanced Clinical Research Organization. Financial 5741785 This is an investigator-initiated clinical study; the study was supported by the Japan Breast Cancer Research Group. Financial 5906518 The National Cancer Center Biobank is supported by the Japanese National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund. Financial 4999468 This study was supported by a grant of the Korean Health Technology R and D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI12C0050). Financial 5082585 This study was supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Clinical Research from the National Hospital Organization (H26-NHO-Gan ippan-02). Financial 4999470 We also thank Jennifer Higginson, PhD, and Martin Bell, PhD, from Complete Medical Communications for providing medical writing support funded by AstraZeneca. Financial 4839035 This work was supported in part by the National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund (26-A-4) and by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Technology and Culture, Japan. Financial 5906523 The TMK is designed, managed and analysed by iOMEDICO and has received continuous financial support from Roche Pharma AG and temporary financial support from Hexal AG and Novartis Pharma GmbH. Financial 4691584 This work was partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 15H04796. Financial 3610401 AcknowledgmentsWork in the authors’ laboratory is supported by the BBSRC (BB/G006970/1) and MRC (GO802397). Financial 4246006 This work was also supported by the NIHR Respiratory Disease Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London. Financial 4245718 The authors acknowledge the use of instruments at the Electron Imaging Center for NanoMachines supported by NIH (1S10RR23057) and CNSI at UCLA. Financial 3082981 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported in part by grants from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Cooperative Agreements NNX10AQ16A and NNX08BA47A, and the National Institutes of Health . Financial 5371927 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge funding from EU Graphene Financial 3833350 AcknowledgmentsAll authors thank the collaborative transnational grant in the ANR-DFG 2011 call (ANR-11-INTB-1014-01) for support. Financial 4212723 The microscopy work was supported by grants from the National Center for Research Resources (5 G12RR013646-12) and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (G12MD007591) from the National Institutes of Health. Financial 4723066 We thank Luda Shlyakhtenko for AFM imaging at the Nanoimaging Core Facility supported by the NIH SIG program and the UNMC Program of ENRI to Yuri Lyubchenko. Financial 4723066 The funding to Peixuan Guo’s Endowed Chair in Nanobiotechnology position is from the William Fairish Endowment Fund. Financial 4278691 DP2 OD-006478 supported this research. Financial 4982699 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the European Research Council Financial 4046793 This work was primarily funded by CRISP (NSF MRSEC DMR 1119826) and National Institutes of Health Grant (GM-072194). Financial 4334260 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge financial support from the National Institutes of Health (NHGRI Grant No. Financial 4278682 Research reported in this publication included work performed in the Light Microscopy Digital Imaging and Animal Resource Center Cores supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award no. Financial 4046776 This work was funded by the Army Research Office through ARO-MURI program and ARO-Core grants (MURI W911NF-11-1-0024, ARO W911NF-09-1-0319, and DURIP W911NF-11-1-0315), and from an NIH National Cancer Institute Grant 1R21CA143351-01. Financial 4072412 Flow cytometric analysis was supported in part by the National Science Foundation EPSCoR Cooperative Agreement #EPS-1004057. Financial 4358630 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by a grant from the NCI (R01 CA138527) and startup funds from Georgia Institute of Technology. Financial 4212797 This research was supported by National Institutes of Health (Director’s New Innovator Award, 1DP2OD007209-01, HL109442, EB015300, and AI096305), the National Science Foundation, and the Penn State Center for Nanoscale Science (MRSEC) under Grant DMR-0820404. Financial 4155749 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported in part by NIH grants R01CA156775 (PI: Fei) and R21CA176684 (PI: Fei), Georgia Cancer Coalition Distinguished Clinicians and Scientists Awards (PIs: Fei and Chen), and Emory Molecular and Translational Imaging Center (NIH P50CA128301). Financial 3160148 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge financial support by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (projects P20773 and P18384), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the ERC Advanced Grant MolART, and thank the Paderborn centre for Parallel Computing (pc2) for computing time. Financial 5492212 The authors also thank the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center’s Radiochemistry & Molecular Imaging Probes Core Facility, which is supported by a National Institutes of Health grant P30 CA008748, and Sensi Pharma BV for funding. Financial 6150732 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge financial support from the Financial 3589098 AcknowledgmentsThis publication was based on work supported by award no. Financial 3589098 This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. Financial 3589098 This work made use of the Cornell Center for Materials Research Shared Facilities which are supported through the NSF MRSEC program (DMR-1120296) and of the Nanobiotechnology Center shared research facilities at Cornell. Financial 3589098 I449) is acknowledged for financial support. Financial 4108209 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported in part by grants from the Israeli National Nanotechnology Initiative and Helmsley Charitable Trust for a Focal Technology Area on Nanomedicines for Personalized Theranostics. Financial 4108209 Work in the Messersmith group was supported by Grant R37 DE014193 from the National Institutes of Health. Financial 4060170 UMR 8612 Couvreur’s team is a member of the laboratory of excellence NANOSACLAY, and BioCIS UMR 8076 is a member of the Laboratory of Excellence LERMIT supported by a grant from ANR (ANR-10-LABX-33). Financial 6024237 AcknowledgmentsThis work was financially supported by the European Financial 4734609 AcknowledgmentsThis project was supported by grants from the Welch Foundation Financial 5269643 This research was funded Financial 4278685 This work was funded by a grant from the NHGRI (HG006323) and was also funded from a sponsored research agreement from Hoffmann-LaRoche. Financial 5665545 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by Lam Research Corp. Financial 5372991 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the National Institute Financial 4148143 AcknowledgmentsThis work is supported by National Science Foundation under contracts ECCS-09011, ECCS-1303134, and ECCS-1150042, and National Institutes of Health under contract R21 NS084148-01A1. Financial 4212793 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported in part by the NHLBI of the NIH as a Program of Excellence in Nanotechnology award (HHSN268201000043C), by grants from NIDDK (DP3DK094346), and the National Science Foundation STC award (CBET-0939511). Financial 4212784 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the NIH (EB014277-01). Financial 5044806 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by a Financial 3610399 This work was supported by grants from the MaRS Innovation, the Canadian Institute of Health Research, the Canadian Space Agency, the Prostate Cancer foundation of Canada, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, the Princess Margaret Cancer Center Foundation, and the Joey and Toby Tanenbaum/Brazilian Ball Chair in Prostate Cancer Research. Financial 4148171 This work was supported by National Cancer Institute Grant U54CA151884, 5R01HL107550-03 grant and Program of Excellence in Nanotechnology (PEN) Award, Contract #HHSN268201000045C from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health. Financial 4148171 This work was also supported by the Skolkovo Foundation Grant as part of the Center for RNA therapeutics and biology. Financial 4174090 This work was supported by the NIH (BRP: R01CA124427-01), NIH/NCI (U54CA119349, U54CA119335, and the Alliance Challenge Project/MIT-Harvard Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence: U54CA151884), a Packard Fellowship (1999–1453), and the Marie-D. Financial 4174090 This work was supported in part by the Koch Institute Support (core) Grant P30-CA14051 from the National Cancer Institute. Financial 4076033 AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge the funding support provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant NSF-MRI-ECCS-1040470 and the National Institute of Health under Grants NIH-ROI 5R01 CA151962 and NIH UO1 CA151886. Financial 4212789 AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge the funding of this work from the DoD OCRP Teal Innovator Award (Grant Number: OC120504). Financial 4212789 We thank the MIT Koch Institute Swanson Biotechnology Center, which is supported by the Koch Institute Core Grant P30-CA14051 from the NCI, for the use of facilities, and specifically the microscopy and the flow cytometry cores. Financial 4212789 This work made use of the MIT MRSEC Shared Experimental Facilities supported by the National Science Foundation under Award Number DMR-0819762. Financial 3946037 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (Grant No. Financial 4046778 The ONR MURI program (#00006766, N00014-09-1-1066), AFOSR MURI (FA9550-12-1-0035), AFOSR (FA9550-09-1-0581), the National Center for Research Resources (5 G12RR013646-12) and Health Disparities (G12MD007591) from the National Institutes of Health provided funding. Financial 4046782 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by NIH Grant Nos. Financial 4108479 The work at Tulane is supported by the NSF under grant DMR-1205469. Financial 3807528 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge financial support of the project through FWF-I377-N16, the OEAD AMADEUS PROGRAM financing. Financial 4148162 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge funding from the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE), National Institutes of Health (HL092836, AR057837, DE021468, DE019024, EB012597, HL099073, EB008392) and MIT- Portugal Program (MPP-09Call-Langer-47). Financial 4148162 acknowledges funding support from Collaborative Health Research Project, Canada and National Sciences & Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Strategic Project Grants from Canada. Financial 4372106 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91127046), the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB821500), the National Institutes of Health (GM066137, GM079359 and CA133086), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2060200013) and the Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2014M551808) for their financial support. Financial 5333182 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the EPSRC Cambridge NanoDTC, EP/G037221/1, Financial 4581466 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by funding from National Institutes of Health grants HL119798, HL113451, HL095070 and HL124879 to HJ and HL124879 and the Research Investments in Science and Engineering program to KF. Financial 4581466 This work was also supported by the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health as a Program of Excellence in Nanotechnology award HHSN268201000043C to HJ and KF. Financial 3102291 This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. Financial 5043420 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by a BBSRC David Phillips fellowship Financial 4344210 The research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Number F32GM105403. Financial 4344210 DLS Measurements were performed in the KECKII facility of NUANCE Center at NU, supported by NSF-NSEC, NSF-MRSEC, Keck Foundation, the State of Illinois, and NU. Financial 4537113 Work in the Knowles laboratory is supported by Elan Pharmaceuticals, the ERC, the BBSRC, and the Frances and Augustus Newman Foundation. Financial 4004321 This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Director’s New Innovator Award (1DP2OD007161-01) and the National Cancer Institute (5R01CA154377-02). Financial 4148157 AcknowledgmentsThis work is supported by the Intramural Research Program (IRP) of the NIBIB, NIH. Financial 3936482 AcknowledgmentsThis work was performed within Uppsala Berzelii Technology Centre for Neurodiagnostics, financed by the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems, the Swedish Research Council, and Uppsala University. Financial 4076030 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (GM079359 and CA133086), and by National Key Scientific Program of China (2011CB911000), NSFC (Grants 21325520, J1210040, 20975034, and 21177036), the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of NSFC (Grant 21221003), the National Key Natural Science Foundation of China (21135001), National Instrumentation Program (2011YQ030124), the Ministry of Education of China (20100161110011), and Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grants 12JJ6012 and 11JJ1002). Financial 4327559 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank EPSRC (Grant EP/050271/1), RCUK (Grant EP/C523857/1), and BBSRC (Grant BB/G021546/1) for financial support. Financial 3953894 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by The Centre of Excellence in Medical Engineering funded by the Wellcome Trust and EPSRC under Grant No. Financial 4072413 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), OH008282, and National Institutes of Health, NIEHS R01ES019304, U19AI068021, PO1HL114453, and RFBR 12-04-01293. Financial 4017610 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by NIH grant R01GM085574. Financial 4625167 AcknowledgmentsThis work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant 267867 Plasmaquo and Starting Grant Colouratom). Financial 4174098 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency HR0011-13-2-0018 and the Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence (CCNE) initiative of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) U54 CA151880. Financial 4342728 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported in part by the NIH (1R01EB016721). Financial 4046780 Part of this work is based upon research conducted at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), which is supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under NSF award DMR-0936384. Financial 4046795 The work on the EGFR aptamer was funded by the National Institutes of Health (EUREKA, 1-R01-GM094933), The Welch Foundation (F-1654), and a National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship (FA9550-10-1-0169). Financial 5595358 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge financial support from Financial 4278688 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the NIH (GM GM077173). Financial 4216205 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully acknowledge funding from National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, under award P01HL108795, the Nation Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Engineering, under award EB005866, and the National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence initiative at Northwestern University Award No. Financial 4492796 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation Corporation. Financial 4492796 This publication was made possible by the Center for Synchrotron Biosciences grant P30-EB-009998, from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NBIB). Financial 2828182 This work was supported by NIH BRP CA124427and NIH CA119349. Financial 4004330 AcknowledgmentsThis work is supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01DK095168. Financial 3395255 AcknowledgmentsThis work has been financially supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Project Nos. Financial 3395255 Work in Cagliari was partially funded by MIUR through FIRB projects (Synergy-FIRBRBNE03S7XZ and FIRB-RBAU01N449) and by the European Commission through the Human Potential Programs (RTN Nanomatch, Contract No. Financial 4046791 This work is supported by NIH Grants HL087036 and HL091950. Financial 4046791 This publication was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number UL1TR000003. Financial 4819533 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge funding Financial 4246005 The MRL Central Facilities are supported by the MRSEC Program of the NSF under Award No. Financial 4004327 This work was supported by grants from National Science Foundation (0546165), National Institutes of Health (P01GM079613), and Coulter Translational Partnership Program at University of Missouri. Financial 4310634 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by National Institutes of Health (R21-CA151159, R33-CA157396, P50-CA92131, R33-CA174562, and PO1-CA168585). Financial 4310634 The research endeavors at RIKEN and Academia Sinica were supported by RIKEN, Academia Sinica, and the Academia Sinica Research Project on Nanoscience and Technology. Financial 4310634 The research endeavors at Sun Yat-Sen University were supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 30900650/H1615 and 81372501/H1615). Financial 4004312 AcknowledgmentsThis material is based upon work partly supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number 1062937. Financial 4004312 Research reported in this publication was also partly supported by an Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Grant Number P20GM103424. Financial 4046796 This work made use of the research facilities of the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR) with support from the NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC) program (DMR-1120296), Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), which is supported by the NSF and the NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under NSF Award DMR-0936384, and the KAUST-Cornell Center for Energy and Sustainability supported by Award No. Financial 4004316 This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (P01-AI072677, R01-AI44129, and R01-CA108835) and a sponsored research agreement with Miltenyi Biotec and NexImmune. Financial 4310638 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award (Grant No. Financial 4310638 F-1734), NIH (9R42ES024023-02) and NSF grant (ECCS-1446489) in part, and Research Grant from the Vice President Office for Research at UT-Austin. Financial 4212785 AcknowledgmentsWork at the Université catholique de Louvain was supported by the National Foundation for Scientific Research (FNRS), the Université catholique de Louvain (Fonds Spéciaux de Recherche), the Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs (Interuniversity Poles of Attraction Programme), and the Research Department of the Communauté française de Belgique (Concerted Research Action). Financial 4072415 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by NIOSH OH008282, NORA 0HELD015, EC-FP-7-NANOSOLUTIONS, and NIEHS R01ES019304. Financial 4212792 This study was partly funded by the NIH R01 CA164789-02 and NCI U54CA151838. Financial 4660388 This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant #335078 Colouratom). Financial 4004315 The project has utilized infrastructure financed by the Linnaeus grant to Lund University Diabetes Center and the strategic research area in diabetes Exodiab. Financial 6202634 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Bavarian State Financial 4148156 This work made use of the Cornell Center for Materials Research Shared Facilities, which are supported through the NSF MRSEC program (DMR-1120296). Financial 4148156 This work is based upon research conducted at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), which is supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under NSF award DMR-0936384. Financial 4240663 We acknowledge funding from EPSRC GR/S97613/01, EP/E500935/1, the ERC Grant NANOPOTS, a Royal Society Brian Mercer Award for Innovation. Financial 4278689 AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Institutes of Health (Director’s New Innovator Award, 1DP2OD007209-01) and the Penn State Center for Nanoscale Science (MRSEC) under Grant No. Financial 3872448 AcknowledgmentsThe research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013)/ERC grant agreement and the Volkswagen Foundation . Financial 4768291 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge funding from ERC grants NEWNANOSPEC and Financial 4326780 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the UK EPSRC grants EP/G060649/1, EP/L027151/1, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), and ERC grant 320503 LINASS. Financial 4076035 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported in part by NSF CAREER Award 1350370 (EK) and also performed pursuant to an agreement with Houston Methodist Research Institute supported by Grant Number U54 CA143837 from Cancer Institute (NCI), National NIH (EK and BG). Financial 2990273 This work was mainly supported by National Institutes of Health . Financial 4046798 The research was supported by NIH grants EB003730 and CA151648. Financial 4690193 DE-AC02-05CH11231 Nanomachine program (STM imaging, sample synthesis, theory) and Molecular Foundry (graphene growth, growth characterization), and by National Science Foundation grant DMR-1206512 (device characterization). Financial 3988685 AcknowledgmentsThis work was primarily supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, R01 ES016746. Financial 4131299 This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Award No. Financial 4046789 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported in part by an NRC NIST/NIH fellowship and by the Intramural Research Program (IRP) of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Financial 5789393 AcknowledgmentsThe project leading to this publication has received funding Financial 4762543 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the NIM excellence cluster (DFG) and from the Bavarian SolTech research network. Financial 4762543 The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant agreement no 321339. Financial 4485956 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge financial support from EPSRC grants EP/G060649/1 and EP/I012060/1 and ERC grant LINASS 320503. Financial 3614020 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council for partially funding this research. Financial 5656981 AcknowledgmentsThis work is supported by funding University of Adelaide-NCSU Financial 3971963 This work was financially supported by the Swiss Nanoscience Institute (NCCR Nanoscience). Financial 3971963 EAL and AFiM acknowledge funding through ERC Stg UpCon. Financial 3971963 AK acknowledges funding through ERC Stg FLATRONICS and AR through ERC Stg PorAbel. Financial 4076025 Research reported in this publication was supported in part by the Integrated Cellular Imaging Core of the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and NIH/NCI under Award Number P30CA138292. Financial 6167000 AcknowledgmentsThis project has received funding from Innovate Financial 4004293 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the National Science Foundation Grants 0748001, ERC-0812348, and DGE-0549352 and National Institutes of Health R01NS062019. Financial 4215884 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the grants from the NIH (EB014277) and the Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing (CMMI-1025020). Financial 4076024 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation project (81171455), a National Distinguished Young Scholars grant (31225009) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2009CB930200 and SS2014AA020708), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) “Hundred Talents Program” (07165111ZX), the CAS Knowledge Innovation Program and the State High-Tech Development Plan (2012AA020804). Financial 4076024 This work was also supported in part by NIH/NIMHD 8 G12 MD007597, and USAMRMC W81XWH-10-1-0767 grants. Financial 6202633 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the financial support provided Financial 4310641 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-14-1-0111), the AFOSR MURI (FA9550-12-1-0035), the Office of Naval Research MURI program (#00006766, N00014-09-1-1066), the National Center for Research Resources (5 G12RR013646-12), NSF-PREM (DMR 0934218) and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (G12MD007591) from the National Institutes of Health. Financial 3715887 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the Isaac Newton Trust, the European Research Council, and the Swiss National Foundation. Financial 4310643 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NCI, R01 CA171651 and P50 CA094056; NIBIB, R01 EB00811; and NHLBI, HHSN268201000046C). Financial 4070845 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the Nanomachine program at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory funded by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. Financial 4070845 We acknowledge the assistance of the XSEDE computational cluster resource provided by NICS (Kraken), supported by the National Science Foundation. Financial 4070845 Graphene growth characterization at the LBNL Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. Financial 4046800 NMR instrumentation at CMU was partially supported by National Science Foundation (CHE-0130903 and CHE-1039870). Financial 4046803 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST-UC San Diego Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine) and the NIH New Innovator Award (1 DP2 OD006499-01) for financial support. Financial 4004329 This work was carried out in the Center for Drug Design, Development and Delivery and the Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience at Georgia Tech, and was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health. Financial 3082970 This work also made use of the facilities of HECToR, the UK’s national high-performance computing service, via our membership in the UK’s HPC Materials Chemistry Consortium, which is funded by EPSRC (EP/F067496). Financial 4071109 This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under Grant J 3106-N16. Financial 4446724 AcknowledgmentsThis work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant #267867 Plasmaquo). Financial 4446724 acknowledges funding from the Spanish MINECO (SAF2013-42899-R) and Xunta de Galicia (GRC2013-041). Financial 4310637 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by AFOSR Grant No. Financial 4783043 AcknowledgmentsThis work was partially funded Financial 4076043 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by NIH (Grants CA120350, CA023074, CA078447, and EB000809) and NSF (Grant CBET 0853921). Financial 5492215 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Clarendon Fund, Financial 4212800 thanks Fundación Caja Madrid (Spain) and Ibercaja Obra Social (Spain) for financial support. Financial 4212800 thank CIC nanoGUNE for financial support. Financial 4148160 The work was supported by NIH grants U01-CA151648 and R01-EB003730. Financial 4216209 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the Department of Energy under Grant No. Financial 4216209 Research conducted at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) is supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under NSF Award DMR-0936384. Financial 3143710 This work was supported by NIH P01 Ca 23766 and Ca33049, NIH R01 Ca55349, The Experimental Therapeutics Center, and The Tudor and Glades foundations. Financial 4133994 This work was also supported by use of core facilities at the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research (supported by the NCI under grant 2P30CA014051-39). Financial 4278417 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the Austrian Science fund FWF for financial support via the SFB project IR_ON. Financial 4004286 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by a Cancer Nanotechnology Platform Partnership grant (U01 CA116591) of the National Cancer Institute Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer. Financial 4310639 SAXS was conducted at the Advanced Light Source (ALS), a national user facility operated by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory on behalf of the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through the Integrated Diffraction Analysis Technologies (IDAT) program, supported by DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Financial 4212796 AcknowledgmentsThis work is supported by NIH grants R01CA161953, R01CA134213 and R01EB006043. Financial 4004322 AcknowledgmentsThis work is supported by NIH (EB015300, AI096305), NSF (EEC-0425626), National Science Council in Taiwan (NSC 100-2917-I-564-035), Danish Research Council (116325/FTP), Lundbeck Foundation in Denmark (R95-A10275), and National University of Singapore (NUS-OGS). Financial 4004320 AcknowledgmentsThe authors graciously thank NIH for funding (grants CA129421 and CA149363). Financial 3062392 AcknowledgmentsThe work was supported in part by NIH Grants CA100098, CA111766, and CA138533 from the National Cancer Institute. Financial 3478735 This work was supported by the Marie-D. Financial 5607458 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported in part by Financial 4004288 Additional funding was provided by the ONR MURI Program (00006766, N00014-09-1-1066), the AFOSR MURI Program (FA9550-12-1-0035), AFOSR (FA9550-09-1-0581), the National Center for Research Resources (5 G12RR013646-12), NSF-PREM (DMR 0934218), and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (G12MD007591) from the National Institutes of Health. Financial 6097834 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the financial support by the EU-Initial Training Network Financial 4310632 This publication was funded in part with federal funds from the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, under Contract HHSN261200800001E. Financial 4310632 This research was additionally supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, Center for Cancer Research. Financial 4004314 AcknowledgmentsThis work is supported by grants awarded by the National Institutes of Health (GM079359 and CA133086), by the National Key Scientific Program of China (2011CB911000), NSFC grants (NSFC 21221003 and NSFC 21327009) and China National Instrumentation Program 2011YQ03012412. Financial 4580967 In addition, we thank the MIT Koch Institute Swanson Biotechnology Center, which is supported by the Koch Institute Core Grant P30-CA14051 from the NCI, for the use of facilities, and specifically the Biopolymers Laboratory. Financial 4287418 AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health as a Program of Excellence in Nanotechnology (HHSN268201000046C) and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. Financial 3124923 These studies were partially supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grants P3000210 and ES016896, the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) under agreement number FA8650-05-1-5041, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) RD-833320. Financial 4213039 The study also leveraged the support provided by the Creative Research Group Project of NSFC (21321064), Chinese National Key Project (2012ZX10002009-011), the National Science Foundation and Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Agreement Number, DBI 0830117 and 1266377, and the JCCC grant, P30 CA016042. Financial 6117749 AcknowledgmentsThis project has received funding from the European Research Council Financial 2964039 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the NIH New Innovator Award (1 DP2 OD006499-01), and the PhRMA Foundation (Research Starter Grant) for funding of this work. Financial 4046781 AcknowledgmentsThis research is financially supported by Australian Research Council (DP130104459). Financial 4174093 We also thank the University of Pennsylvania for startup funding. Financial 4174093 The project described was supported in part by Grant No. Financial 3807694 This work is supported by a grant from the Koch Institute Frontier Research Program through the Koch Institute Frontier Research Fund and the Kathy and Curt Marble Cancer Research Fund, the Mazumdar-Shaw International Oncology Fellows Program, and the MIT Deshpande Center Innovation Grant. Financial 4212781 This work was supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health (R21-HG006873; R01-HG006321). Financial 4278693 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (81301257, 81371596, 51373144), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program 2013CB733802, 2014CB744503), and the Intramural Research Program (IRP) of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Financial 5707631 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the NIH Director’s Financial 4287417 This work was funded by the German Science Foundation within the SFB 840 and by the European Research Council under grant ERC-2012-StG 306686 (METAMECH: Template-assisted assembly of METAmaterials using MECHanical instabilities). Financial 4122703 Part of the research leading to these results received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement Number NMP4-LA-2009-229289 NanoII and Number NMP3-SL-2009-229294 NanoCARD. Financial 4122703 This work was funded by the National Institutes of Health (USA) through the Roadmap for Medical Research (PN2 EY016586). Financial 4122703 The financial support of the Max Planck Society is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 5966687 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Fund (E51505124), Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation (E2017209252), Department of Education of Hebei Province (QN2015203 and 2015GJJG084), and Online Education Research Fund of Education Research Center of the Ministry of Education (2016YB117). Financial 5444014 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the University of Malaya for providing the funds under Grant no. Financial 6157141 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant nos. Financial 5889908 AcknowledgmentsThis work is financially supported by start-up funds of “The Recruitment Program of Global Experts” awardee from Beihang University (YWF-16-RSC-011) and Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Grant no. Financial 5816891 AcknowledgmentsThis work was partially supported by Grant BIRD175287/17: development of design and geometric modeling methodologies aimed at enhancing the peculiarities of additive manufacturing technologies by the Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering (ICEA), University of Padova. Financial 5753016 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 11402208 and U1613227). Financial 4745440 AcknowledgmentThe reported research has been supported by the Manitoba Health Research Council (Canada), which is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 6079584 This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under the fundamental research grant scheme (FRGS/1/2016/TK03/UNIMAP/02/5). Financial 5676342 AcknowledgmentsThis work was financially supported by the General Program of Science and Technology Development Project of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission of China (KM201711417011) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11772015). Financial 4745425 The work is also supported by the Foundation of Research and Innovation Team (PXM 2013_014210_000173) and the Academic Innovation Team of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (21221214111). Financial 5966695 AcknowledgmentsThe project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51205117), Fondation Franco-Chinoise pour la Science et ses Applications, the strategic emerging industry of Hunan Province and science technology research projects (2016GK4008), and the Research Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body (51475003). Financial 5954961 AcknowledgmentsThe present work was partially funded by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia, Grant nos. Financial 5406740 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for the financial support, under the contract NSC 101-2221-E-008-020-MY3. Financial 5530447 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the National Science Centre by Research Project no. Financial 6109997 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge the support from the Foundation Research Fund of Beijing University of Technology (001000546318522), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (2018M630051), and Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation. Financial 4745464 Acknowledgment This research was supported by Hebei United University Research Fund, 2012. Financial 6167578 AcknowledgmentsThis research project is supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (2017YFB1302300) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. Financial 6008677 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51779092), the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province, China (16C0651), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (2016M592421), and the Educational Commission of Hunan Province of China (17A068). Financial 5971278 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge the funding agencies for their continued support: Department of Science and Technology (YSS/2014/000880, and IDP/MED/05/2014), Indo-German Science and Technology Centre (IGSTC/Call 2014/Sound4All/24/2015-16), Naval Research Board (NRB/4003/PG/359), and BIRAC, Department of Biotechnology (BIRAC/BT/AIR0275/PACE-12/17). Financial 4808748 AcknowledgmentsThis work is supported by Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, under Contract MOST 103-2221-E-002 -091 -MY3 and National Taiwan University, Taiwan under Contract NTU-CDP-102R7817. Financial 4967666 This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, under Grant no. Financial 5889904 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51505369, 91748124, and 51290294), Basic Research Program of Changzhou City (CJ20179050), the Foundation of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Special Robot Technology (2017B21114), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (2016B02814). Financial 5312453 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by an International Society of Biomechanics dissertation grant. Financial 6204194 AcknowledgmentsThis research is partly supported by the National High Tech. Financial 4745429 AcknowledgmentsThis material was based on work supported in part by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service (Grant nos. Financial 4925951 AcknowledgmentsThis research is a part of the HYPER Project funded by CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010, Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovation. Financial 5494551 The study was partially supported by the UK EPSRC (Grant EP/K03877X/1). Financial 6145061 AcknowledgmentsThis research is supported by Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (14JCYBJC42700) and the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project (2012YQ060165). Financial 4969523 AcknowledgmentsThis study was made possible by funds from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education within the program “Development of Academic Sport 2013” (Grant no. Financial 4997010 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by a grant of the Korea Healthcare Technology R&D project, Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs, Republic of Korea (A110416). Financial 5902072 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the research Grant no. Financial 5742509 This study was supported by grants from Korea Institute of Industrial Technology and by the National Research Council of Science and Technology (NST) grant by the Korean Government (MSIP) (no. Financial 4770325 AcknowledgmentThe work was supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. Financial 5688250 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. Financial 4745442 AcknowledgmentsThis study was funded by the Commission for Technology and Innovation CTI and the company Künzli SwissSchuh AG. Financial 5624150 AcknowledgmentsThis project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51779226, 51476144), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LQ15E050005), the Public Welfare Technology Application Projects of Zhejiang Province (2017C31025), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M601736). Financial 6081555 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Science & Technology Project of Jiangxi Province Education Department of China (Grant nos. Financial 5097789 AcknowledgmentsThis research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT), Iran. Financial 5836436 This research was supported by NSFC (61375096) and 863 Program (2015AA042304). Financial 4745424 AcknowledgmentThis work was funded by the National Science Foundation of China (11302154). Financial 5672115 AcknowledgmentsThis research is supported by the Science & Technology Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant no. Financial 6139236 AcknowledgmentsThe work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51405517, U1334208), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2015JJ3155), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M570691), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB1200505), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (2018zzts165). Financial 5307248 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the NSF-Information and Intelligent Systems (IIS) and Smart and Connected Health (1065442 and 1065262). Financial 5643038 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the University of Michigan. Financial 5989302 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to give special thanks to the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for their financial support of this study under contract 104-2221-E-008-064, the Department of Orthopedics of Tao-Yuan General Hospital and the Department of Neurosurgery of Cathay Pacific Hospital for the provision of a clinical test environment, and to the International Society of Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery for presentation opportunity during their annual meeting in 2015 and 2016. Financial 4745432 AcknowledgmentThis research work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51474180). Financial 5914111 AcknowledgmentsThis research is part of Zhongmin Jin's PhD thesis in University of Leeds and was supported by the EPSRC, the Centre of Excellence in Medical Engineering funded by the Wellcome and by the NIHR LMBRU Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, the Applied Basic Research Programs of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20150256), and Scientific Research Foundation of Changzhou Institute of Technology (YN1512, YN1626). Financial 6109510 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC0800702), Army Medical Science and Technology Youth Fund (14QNP091), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (81772330). Financial 5735588 AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by the Riprendo@Home and by the Future Home for Future Communities research projects, both in the framework of the Lombardy region and the Italian National Research Council. Financial 200993 This study was presented in part at the Harvard/UCSF International Conference on CAM/IM research, San Francisco, CA, USA, May 2001Supported in part by NIH grants K24 AT00057 (IRB), P50 AT00008, and P20 AT00774. Financial 4693215 The Saskatchewan Agriculture Development Fund (ADF) and Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) support stress-related research in PG and SN labs. Financial 2202330 The authors wish to thank the 2 farmers Egil Selland and Sigve Sørheim for all collaboration, and Etne sau- og geitalslag and Pfizer AS for economic support of the study. Financial 5817764 Acknowledgments:We thank Medicines for Malaria Ventures for funding the IBSM studies, and Q-Pharm Staff for assisting in sample collection from the human volunteers for the IBSM studies. Financial 4653906 The researchers would like to thank the Thai Royal Government for the funds granted to undertake this research and would like to thank all participants for their kind participation. Financial 5446747 FundingA small grant was received from the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, which allowed the investigators to pay student interviewers a small sum of money to compensate them for their time and inconvenience. Financial 4619343 The researchers would like to thank the Thai Royal Government for the funds granted to undertake this research and the Association of Hospital Pharmacists (Thailand) for their permission for the researcher to perform the data collection and would like to thank all participants for their kind participation. Financial 4355139 The authors thank the CASS foundation for funding this research, and staff from the Centre for Adolescent Health and Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne; Rural Health Academic Centre; and Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, and all teachers and students from schools who participated in the workshops and research. Financial 4174289 BB and EMK would like to thank NIH grant 2R15GM63637-3A1 for support, along with the many members of the Evergreen Phage lab who participated in these studies. Financial 6085734 AcknowledgementAuthors thank the Research and Publications Committee of the University of Venda for funding the study, University of Venda Health, Safety and Research Ethics Committee for approving the study with the approval number SHS/10/PDC/005, University of Venda Higher Degrees Committee and the Provincial Department of Health for approving the study, and the participants for agreeing to partake in the study. Financial 4132992 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the National Science Council, Taiwan for funding (101-2622-E-010-001-CC2), and the staff of Far Eastern Memorial Hospital and National Yang Ming University, as well as the research participants. Financial 5086044 The authors would like to thank the participating patients and health professionals for their contribution and the Dutch Arthritis Association for their funding. Financial 5981276 Brooke Kennedy is also the recipient of the Vice Chancellor’s Indigenous Research Fellowship. Financial 1820995 Jaruwan Kampa is a holder of a scholarship from the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT). Financial 2241837 AW is a recipient of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Scholarship. Financial 5288896 Dang is a current recipient of the K23 Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award from the National Institutes of Health. Financial 4167518 Anabela Berenguer is a recipient of a PhD scholarship from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) with the reference SFRH/BD/31273/2006. Financial 2714120 PS is a recipient of a scholarship awarded by the Canadian Arthritis Network, MJGF received a salary award from The Arthritis Society, and CDH received a salary award from the Fonds de la Recherche Santé Québec. Financial 1794504 JJ McDougall is the recipient of an Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research Scholar award and is an Arthritis Society of Canada Investigator. Financial 1297588 E-PC was also a recipient of a Dissertation Award from the Arthritis Foundation in the US. Financial 2212572 AL is an Arthritis Society (Scleroderma Society of Ontario) New Investigator and a recipient of an Early Investigator Award, and FB is the recipient of a Canada Research Chair. Financial 5331647 CLM was the recipient of a Clinician-Scientist Salary Award from the Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Centre of the University Health Network. Financial 2575631 SJ is a recipient of a Fulbright Scholarship of the US Department of State. Financial 1860078 Pascal Reboul is a recipient of the New Investigator Award from the Canadian Arthritis Society. Financial 2592804 TMO was a recipient of the University of Gothenburg Jubileumsfond's stipend. Financial 1526589 JVB was the recipient of a NORTH Summer Fellowship for Dental Students and AL is an Arthritis Society (Scleroderma Society of Canada) New Investigator. Financial 4332896 MN is a recipient of a David Bickart Clinician Research Fellowship from the University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences and holds a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Clinical Early Career Research Fellowship (APP1071735). Financial 2688239 JSR is a recipient of a PGS D scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council. Financial 5977506 Sílvia Bonàs was awarded an FI-DGR Fellowship from FI-DGR 2013 from Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR, Generalitat de Catalunya). Financial 6235215 YW is a recipient of a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Career Development Fellowship (Clinical Level 1, APP1065464). Financial 6235215 SMH is a recipient of an NHMRC Early Career Fellowship (APP1142198). Financial 4929420 AcknowledgmentsThis research was conducted with UNSW Human Ethics approval (034028) and was conducted as part of the “Saving wildlife: saving people on our roads” project sponsored by the Australian Research Council (LP0346925, APDI to DR), the International Fund for Animal Welfare, the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC), the NSW Wildlife Rescue and Information Service and Roe Koh & Associates Pty Ltd. Financial 5836033 Processing costs for this paper were covered by the Special Issue sponsors, Maddie’s Fund®, Found Animals, and The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS). Financial 1950518 We received partial support for this research from the Amyotophic Lateral Sclerosis Association and from Jack Lowe Foundation. Financial 4260771 This article and the underlying studies were sponsored by Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, a manufacturer and registrant of atrazine. Financial 5086044 Financial supportThe Dutch Arthritis Association. Financial 2212565 Financial support for this study was obtained from the Dutch Arthritis Association (NR 99-1-301). Financial 4586426 The publication of this article has been facilitated by the grant of a full waiver of publishing fees by Frontiers. Financial 6018418 The University Grants Commission, New Delhi, is also acknowledged for providing financial support to RS and PP (as UGC-AU research scholar) to carry out the present work. Financial 4824774 This work was supported by the “Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,” the “Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,” the University of Nice–Sophia Antipolis and the French Government (National Research Agency, ANR) through the LABEX SIGNALIFE program (reference # ANR-11-LABX-0028-01). Financial 4643147 Publication of this article was funded in part by The Pennsylvania State University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund. Financial 4611092 Financial Assistance from Department of Science and Technology, Government of India through DST-PURSE programme to Osmania University is acknowledged. Financial 6008543 This article was written while the author was working on the project Field Testing of Sodicity- and Salinity-Tolerant Oat Varieties, supported by the South Australian Grain Industry Trust Fund (SAGIT). Financial 4661239 Financial support received from Indian Council of Agricultural Research-NICRA (National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture, 03 NICRA-030031 Grant in Aid) project is acknowledged. Financial 4951527 The University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) is acknowledged for financial support through a postdoctoral fellowship grant to the first author. Financial 5316533 The support rendered by MHRD sponsored project “Design Innovation Centre” is also acknowledged. Financial 5438992 The work presented in this article is the contribution from research projects sponsored by Department of Agriculture and Co-operation (DAC), Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India under Integrated Scheme of Oilseeds, Pulses, Oilpalm and Maize (ISOPOM) program. Financial 5478720 This work is a part of collaboration between AR and KK supported by a DST-JSPS project No. Financial 4891350 The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access fund of the Leibniz Association. Financial 6117507 Financial support from the MnDRIVE Initiative provided as graduate student funding is also much appreciated. Financial 3608907 Jacqueline Monaghan is a recipient of a long-term fellowship from the European Molecular Biology Organization. Financial 5673645 SS is a postdoctoral fellow supported by the Excellence Research Program of National Taiwan University (104R4000). Financial 4747084 AV is a recipient of Senior Research Fellowship from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. Financial 4419666 The Philippine Rice Information System (PRiSM) is a collaborative project between Department of Agriculture (DA)-Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), DA-Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI), DA-Regional Field Offices (RFOs), and IRRI, in support to DA’s Food Staples Sufficiency Program, with funding support from the DA-National Rice Program through the DA-Bureau of Agricultural Research. Financial 4273611 Yong-Hua Liu is a recipient of a postgraduate research scholarship from The University of Newcastle. Financial 4550699 The Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology is a partner of the Leading National Research Center (KNOW) supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Financial 4172009 Research from this laboratory cited in this article was partly supported by the CSIR Pool Scientist’s scheme (Ref. Financial 3664321 Masaki Okamura is a recipient of a fellowship from the JSPS. Financial 6033988 JA is a recipient of an FPI grant from INIA, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER) is acknowledged. Financial 3729977 Yong-Hua Liu is a recipient of a PhD scholarship from the University of Newcastle. Financial 3865367 Yusuke Yagi is a recipient of JSPS post-doctoral fellowship. Financial 4508518 SL is a PhD student funded by a CJS grant of the National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA). Financial 3737466 Nabila Djafi is a recipient of a PhD fellowship from the Algerian Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique. Financial 4870241 OV is a recipient of a research grant (APIF) sponsored by the University of Barcelona. Financial 4728180 Markus Ralser is a Wellcome Trust Research Career Development and Wellcome-Beit Prize fellow. Financial 5073926 Finally, the author has also received financial remuneration and gifts for providing educational material, speaking at conferences, and consultancy work from various companies including Royal Canin, WALTHAM, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Purina, and Zoetis. Financial 4289587 Work supported by Pluriannual of CNC and project PEst-C/SAU/LA0001/2013-2014, financed by FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) and co-financed by COMPETE (POFC)- FEDER. Financial 5349763 Special thanks to UNESCO and Merck KGA for sponsoring the conference and for enabling the publication of this manuscript. Financial 1242146 This conference was supported in part by Acueity, The American Cancer Society, Amgen, The Barbara Ireland Walk for the Cure, The California Breast Cancer Research Program, Ciphergen, Cytyc, The Dublin Marathon Training Group 2004, NCI – Division of Cancer Prevention, and The Office of Research on Women's Health, NIH. Financial 4937594 This study was conducted at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), which is funded by an annual grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC). Financial 6034297 This study was supported by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), which is funded by an annual grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC). Financial 4683739 Analyses were conducted at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), which is funded by an annual grant from the Ontario MOHLTC. Financial 5080690 This study was also supported by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, which is funded by an annual grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC). Financial 5301427 FundingThis work was supported by a research grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care (MOHLTC) to the Health System Performance Research Network (Grant # 06034) and by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), which is funded by annual grants from the MOHLTC. Financial 3670126 This work was financially supported by the annual government Financial 4791778 He also received support from Novartis to attend scientific conferences including accommodation and travel payments, and a grant to support his research. Financial 4559170 It was supported by Vallabhbhai Patel chest Institute through their annual departmental funding. Financial 4129974 Flora Guerra is supported by an annual fellowship from FUV. Financial 4083708 The above SSR meeting presentation was sponsored by Larry Ewing Memorial Trainee Travel Fund Award of the SSR and the USDA NIFA Animal Reproduction in Agriculture Research Fellowship to Won-Hee Song. Financial 4515259 AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by a UC San Diego Center for Endometriosis Research and Treatment establishment grant and presented at the conjoint meeting of the International Federation of Fertility Societies and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Boston (October 16, 2013). Financial 3941168 AcknowledgmentsGiovanni Gabutti has received grants from GSK, Sanofi Pasteur MSD, Novartis, Crucell/Janssen, and Pfizer for taking part in advisory boards, expert meetings, being a speaker or an organiser of congresses/conferences, and acting as investigator in clinical trials. Financial 1919359 This project was further co-financed by POCI 2010 and the European social funds attributed by the Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT) to a Pluriannual project to CCMAR and a PhD fellowship to MAC (SFRH/BD/6133/2001). Financial 1764030 This work was supported by a Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia/Centro de Ciências do Mar pluriannual grant. Financial 2245808 This work was supported by a FCT/CCMAR pluriannual grant. Financial 6000970 The funding body provided the funding for the study and facilitated interactions between the authors and collaborators through annual retreats. Financial 5073859 Lastly, the authors would like to thank all corporate sponsors of the conference. Financial 5267488 She is a published author in the topics of global health, medical education, patient advocacy, and tropical medicine, and an award recipient in poster design and photography in global health. Financial 5022237 WM received an honorarium from Roche for an oral presentation at a clinical meeting. Financial 5022237 NB and H-ML received honoraria from Roche for consultation or oral presentations at clinical or scientific meetings. Financial 5136420 AcknowledgmentsThis study was supported by an educational grant from the European Respiratory Society (RESPIRE postdoctoral fellowship program, cofunded by the European Commission Seventh Framework Program (FP7), Marie Curie Actions; MC-1630-2010) to Frédéric Lador and was presented as a poster during the congress of the Swiss Society for Pulmonary Hypertension . Financial 6136480 AcknowledgmentsThis work was partially supported by grants from the Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP) of University of California at Irvine and it was presented at the Students' UROP Spring 2018 conference at the university. Financial 4101179 PUM is a Doctoral fellowship from CONICYT. Financial 5681796 VA is a recipient of a Research Manitoba Postdoctoral Fellowship. Financial 4416391 RLM is a recipient of a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III at the Spanish Ministry of Health (Spain) (CD12/00425). Financial 1906799 Rik Lories is a post-doctoral fellow from the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders. Financial 1175044 BIH is a recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship from the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International. Financial 2745806 HK is a postdoctoral research fellow of the FWO Vlaanderen, and LG holds a fellowship from the FWO Vlaanderen. Financial 4303119 AG is a recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Postdoctoral Fellowship (AG, 114518) and the Queen's Senate Research Committee Postdoctoral award. Financial 4531803 AWL is a recipient of a pre-doctoral traineeship award from the Department of Defense, Breast Cancer Research Program (W81XWH-11-1-0060). Financial 4303205 KJ is a recipient of the Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Scholarship, CIHR Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships, and the University of Alberta President’s Doctoral Prize of Distinction. Financial 138716 YL is a recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship from the American Cancer Society. Financial 4303228 Sheila N Garland is a postdoctoral fellow funded by a Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) Bisby Fellowship. Financial 138776 JSB is a recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship (DAMD17-97-7329) from the Army Breast Cancer Initiative, DOD. Financial 3432482 SH is a graduate student supported by an Egyptian governmental doctoral scholarship and the Queen Elisabeth II graduate scholarship administered by the University of Alberta. Financial 4476014 KMB is a graduate student supported by doctoral studentships from the Canadian Institute of Health Research, Alberta Innovates Health Solutions and the University of Alberta (President's Doctoral Award of Distinction), and is a Killam Scholar (Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Scholarship). Financial 4280705 Joachim Cohen is a postdoctoral fellow of the Research Foundation - Flanders. Financial 6234606 FundingMarlies Houben is a Postdoctoral Fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). Financial 3976882 RLM is a recipient of a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from the Instituto Carlos III de Salud at the Spanish Ministry of Health (Spain). Financial 5220432 Jonathan Alcántar-Fernández is a doctoral student from the Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, and was the recipient of Fellowship 384151 from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), México. Financial 4359874 Raquel López-Mejías is a recipient of a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from the Instituto Carlos III de Salud at the Spanish Ministry of Health (Spain) (CD12/00425). Financial 3891745 María Elisa Rivarola is a recipient of a doctoral scholarship from CONICET and student in the Biological Sciences doctorate program at the Faculty of Exact, Physics and Natural Sciences (UNC). Financial 4176640 Raquel López Mejías is a recipient of a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III at the Spanish Ministry of Health (Spain). Financial 1457004 SD is a postdoctoral fellow of the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO). Financial 2633281 DB is a postdoctoral fellow at the Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders (FWO), from which he received a mobility grant for a long-term stay at Würzburg University. Financial 1810246 APJ is a Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Postdoctoral Research Fellow and funded by the Wellcome Trust. Financial 2658670 AD is a recipient of a predoctoral stipend provided by the DFG-sponsored International Research Training Group 'Pseudomonas: Pathogenicity and Biotechnology'. Financial 327093 CPV is a recipient of the postdoctoral fellowship SFRH/BPD/5592/2001 from FCT. Financial 3694395 Tripti Sharma and Janin Riedelsberger were recipients of doctoral fellowships from the International Max-Planck Research School “Primary Metabolism and Plant Growth”. Financial 4340175 MTGS is the recipient of a fellowship for recent doctors until their integration in postdoctoral programs by the Investigation Vice-rector’s office of the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU. Financial 4142988 Akira Mine was a recipient of a Post-doctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Financial 4468379 FD held a MIPAAF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship. Financial 4390987 ES is a Postdoctoral Research Fellows of the Fund for Scientific Research (FWO)-Flanders (Belgium). Financial 3950624 Compliance with Ethics GuidelinesᅟConflict of InterestLukasz Durko has received financial support through a grant from the Medical University of Lodz Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, has received compensation from Polpharma for service as a consultant, has received payment for the development of educational presentations from Varimed, and has received reimbursements for travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from Varimed and Abbott. Financial 3950624 Ewa Malecka-Panas has received financial support through a grant from the Medical University of Lodz Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, has received compensation from Abbott for service as a consultant, has received payment for lectures including service on speakers bureaus from Astellas, Varimed, Polpharma, and Krka, has received payment for the development of educational presentations from Sanofi-Aventis, and has received reimbursements for travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from Abbott and Varimed. Financial 3763757 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSRPG is a recipient of a doctoral scholarship from CONACyT and Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquimicas, UNAM, MEXICO. Financial 2724662 FF is a post-doctoral fellow funded under a bilateral agreement between the University of Turin and Regione Piemonte. Financial 5699328 SAA-C is a doctoral student from Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) and received fellowship 391657 from CONACYT. Financial 5816902 MK is a recipient of a Mitacs Elevate Postdoctoral Fellowship. Financial 5990629 ST-R is a doctoral student from Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) and received fellowship 361981 from CONACyT. Financial 6211013 Thank you to all the dedicated University of Queensland volunteers, and dog handlers who committed their time and expertise to this study. General acknowledgement 5867523 The authors also thank Sydney University technical officers Charissa Harris, Cameron Sharpe and Matthew Eldridge. General acknowledgement 4810051 Their generosity and support is greatly appreciated. General acknowledgement 4810051 The authors thank Mark Townend (Queensland RSPCA CEO), Sheila Collecot and her team, and Selena Reid of the Fairfield RSPCA. General acknowledgement 6025449 The authors would like to thank the students from the Department of Animal Breeding and Production, Warsaw University of Life Sciences for their help during the preparation and execution of the consumer sessions. General acknowledgement 4494412 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank RSPCA Queensland for without their help and support, this study would not be possible. General acknowledgement 4494295 The authors wish to thank Natalie Zielinski, Anna Henley, Peggy Volkert, the late Victoria Wellens, and all the supporting staff at the Wisconsin Humane Society. General acknowledgement 4693218 Our most sincere thanks go to all the people who volunteered to help with the fieldwork, and Perth Zoo and Helen Robertson for supporting LH assays. General acknowledgement 5664033 The support and assistance of the Australian Veterinary Association, the heads of the Australian veterinary schools, the Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists, the Australian Research Council, and the RSPCA Australia are all warmly acknowledged. General acknowledgement 6210294 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to SanParks and Sam Ferreira, the Addo Elephant National Park management, and most importantly John Adendorff, Angela Gaylard, Roxanne Erusan, the rangers, and the entire team of the Gorah Elephant Camp for enabling and strongly supporting our research. General acknowledgement 6210294 We are grateful to Tecumseh Fitch and Thomas Bugnyar for strongly supporting our research at the Department of Cognitive Biology. General acknowledgement 4598705 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Maria Donata Giaimo of the Umbria Region for promoting and supporting the RandAgiamo project, together with Anna Rita Flamini. General acknowledgement 4598705 We are mostly grateful to all RandAgiamo volunteers for their generous support and help and to all the staff of the Health Municipal Shelter of Collestrada (Perugia) for their precious collaboration. General acknowledgement 3414557 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank all the presenters and participants at the conference on “Artemisinin-Resistant Malaria: Research Challenges, Opportunities and Public Health Implications” held in November 2010 in Bethesda, Maryland. General acknowledgement 4598713 The authors would like to thank all the co-workers of the Institute of Animal Nutrition in Brunswick who supported this work. General acknowledgement 4494411 The authors would like to thank Reich Trucking for their collaboration. General acknowledgement 6070790 We would like to acknowledge the many volunteer research assistants from Australian Pet Welfare Foundation who have helped gather data for this project, and to particularly acknowledge Justin Connell, Amy Rao, Lydia Shuen, Amira Tadjoedin, Darryn Wah-Sun Wong, Louise Williams, Minshan Liu, Luke Thistlewaite, Sebastian Quiroga, Thomas Elliott, and Nik Fentiman for their hard work and dedication to this project. General acknowledgement 4494442 Finally, thanks goes to “la Protezione Civile Italiana”, “la Polizia Municipale di L’Aquila”, “i Vigili del Fuoco di L’Aquila” and “la Guardia Forestale” for their collaboration. General acknowledgement 4494308 and ApprovalsWe acknowledge, with thanks, the assistance of the staff and management of “The Pines Golf Course”, Sanctuary Cove, the generous support of volunteers from Wildcare Australia, and staff and volunteers of Australia Zoo, Wildlife Warriors Worldwide Ltd. General acknowledgement 5532564 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to the participants who gave their time to complete the questionnaire. General acknowledgement 4495513 AcknowledgmentsMany people contributed to the success of this study, notably the CCC’s staff and volunteers. General acknowledgement 5981288 AcknowledgmentsThe authors sincerely acknowledge the significant practical support for the UNSW TNR program from Colleen Ringe, Lisa Lifman and Beverley Lawless, and from the many other volunteer supporters and cat feeders. General acknowledgement 6070947 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Alison Pendlebury, Mandy Paterson, Amanda Tawde, Veronica Amaya Izquierdo, Zeke Ponting, Terri Simpson, Sean Womersley, Cahllia Curtis, Kate Smith, Kristine Kallio, Christine Barbar and Sarah Lispet for their contribution as volunteer research assistants. General acknowledgement 5867519 The experiment was conducted in collaboration with Michael Moodie from Mallee Sustainable Farming and Bill Barnfield from Tapio Station. General acknowledgement 4552210 I would like to thank Rod Bennison and all those who participated in the inaugural Minding Animals Conference in New Castle, Australia. General acknowledgement 4494444 AcknowledgmentsSincere thanks are extended to all survey participants, the Christina Lake Stewardship Society, Allen Piche, and staff at the BC Ministry of Forest, Lands and Natural Resource Operations and BC Ministry of Environment. General acknowledgement 5366837 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the participants for engaging with our project. General acknowledgement 4693206 We would like to thank all horse stables owners and employees who participated in the InnoEquine project. General acknowledgement 6262555 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Reich Trucking, and special thanks to Rick Reich for their collaboration. General acknowledgement 6262432 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to all the South Australians who participated in the Cat Tracker project. General acknowledgement 6024916 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank all the adopters who participated in the study and the shelter staff for their assistance. General acknowledgement 4598708 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the students who participated in the chicken clicker training workshops. General acknowledgement 5981284 We would also like to thank and acknowledge the members of the community and cats who participated in the programme. General acknowledgement 6262486 The authors are also grateful to focus group participants who offered their time and views. General acknowledgement 6210385 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all the staff of Cooperativa Agricola Calabrese (COZAC) Production chain. General acknowledgement 6115924 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to the farmers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5981278 The cooperation and permissions of the focus animals’ owners and families, and the inhabitants of GCL is also much appreciated. General acknowledgement 4494377 Many thanks also go to Umberto Corridoni, said “Pepper”, for his patience and availability to respond to all the questions. General acknowledgement 5742786 Thank you to the Cat Haven CEO, staff and volunteers, and to the cat adopters who participated in follow-up surveys. General acknowledgement 4444558 We encourage and appreciate your further support for this annual/special issue series. General acknowledgement 4598705 A big thank you to the RandAgiamo staff who dedicated so much time to this project: the training operators (RandAgenti) Chiara De Filippi, Claudia Enas, Martina Iaboni, Gloria Caseti, Martina Laconi, Flavia Adiutori, Silvia Calipari, Barbara Corrai, whose collaboration is invaluable and irreplaceable. General acknowledgement 4598705 The collaboration provided by Maria Teresa Paris and Melania Roscini of the “Sportello a 4 Zampe—Provincia di Perugia”, and by Anna Mossuto and Mauro Barzagna of the “Corriere dell’Umbria” and the staff of the “Cerco e Trovo” newspapers was invaluable for the project. General acknowledgement 4598699 The authors also acknowledge their collaboration with the Walloon Breeding Association. General acknowledgement 6071001 AcknowledgmentsAuthors are grateful to the animal care staff, veterinarians and curators of the three participating zoos for their collaboration in this study. General acknowledgement 6115739 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the staff of the Belo Horizonte Zoo for their collaboration. General acknowledgement 5615296 We would also like to acknowledge all the schools that participated in the projects and the pupils and their parents for their interest and support for the study. General acknowledgement 5216102 We are grateful to all the patients, investigators, and clinical research coordinators who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4623063 The authors gratefully thank the patients who participated in the JBCRG-01, JBCRG-02, and JBCRG-03 studies. General acknowledgement 5741785 The authors would like to express their deepest gratitude to the patients who participated in this study and their family members, in addition to the investigators and all staff members at the study sites for their contribution to the study. General acknowledgement 6132843 We are grateful to the patients and their families who participated in our survey. General acknowledgement 4331616 We thank all the women who participated in this study and their families; the investigators, in particular, Shigehira Saji, Yoshinori Ito, Kenjiro Aogi, Yoshiaki Rai, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Eiichi Shiba, Kazunori Taguchi, Naoto Hara, Junichiro Watanabe, Shinji Ohno; the medical, nursing and research staff at all the study centers. General acknowledgement 5906507 We thank the patients included in this trial, and the staff of Toranomon hospital. General acknowledgement 5741795 We would also like to express sincere appreciation to all the women who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4999470 We thank all the patients and investigators who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4210660 We thank the patients, study site personnel, and the study team for their participation in the trial. General acknowledgement 5906523 The authors thank all patients, physicians and study teams participating in the TMK. General acknowledgement 5996009 The authors would like to express their deepest gratitude to the patients who participated in this trial and their family members, in addition to the investigators and all staff members at the study sites for their contribution to the study. General acknowledgement 5395589 We would like to thank the women who volunteered as participants, as well as the oncologists, especially doctor Jerzy Tujakowski, psychologists, nurses, and support staff at the Oncology Center in Bydgoszcz for their support. General acknowledgement 3102291 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the participants and sponsors of the meeting. General acknowledgement 6051280 The authors are thankful for the support from Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology and Key Joint Laboratory of Jiemei Biomedical Engineering, Soochow University. General acknowledgement 4769732 They would also like to thank faculty and students from Trine University who volunteered to participate. General acknowledgement 5142377 The authors thank all participants for their valuable time. General acknowledgement 5725812 The authors thank all the participants who made this research possible. General acknowledgement 4837555 The authors humbly thank the participants of the present study for providing their valuable time and effort. General acknowledgement 5702191 The authors would like to thank all participants and collaborating staff who took part in the research. General acknowledgement 5513080 The authors would like to thank to all participants who took part on the two different studies. General acknowledgement 5290632 The authors would like to thank the participants for their time. General acknowledgement 4845357 Thanks to all the volunteer participants for generously devoting their time to this study. General acknowledgement 5725976 We are grateful to the participants who volunteered in the study. General acknowledgement 5376284 The authors would like to thank all the participants and the staff at the University hospitals. General acknowledgement 4857259 We would like to thank all the athletes who volunteered their time to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 5791381 The authors would like to thank and acknowledge the contribution of all participants involved. General acknowledgement 5975662 We would like to thank the patients for their valuable contribution to this study. General acknowledgement 4705763 We also thank the participants for taking part in this study. General acknowledgement 4429315 Our thanks go to the many participants who readily gave up their time to assist us with this research. General acknowledgement 4818502 The authors would like to thank the subjects who volunteered to participate in this study for their time and efforts. General acknowledgement 4222379 The authors would like to thank all participants who contributed with data. General acknowledgement 4359795 We would also like to thank all farmers who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 2202331 We also wish to thank all collaborating sheep farmers for their invaluable help with the practical field work. General acknowledgement 4347908 We would like to thank the farmers that participated in the study, the practitioners and diagnostic laboratories who reported cases. General acknowledgement 6245712 We thank farmers for their collaboration. General acknowledgement 6142623 The authors thank the volunteer observers, animal physiotherapists Anu Rautakallio, Heidi Koskinen, Hanne Kalliomäki, Pirkko Lindfors and Minna Roukka. General acknowledgement 1764184 The authors wish to thank all the pig farmers, dealers and transport companies who participated in the study, the Swiss Pig Health Services in Berne and Zurich-Sempach and the Monitoring Team of the Swiss Federal Veterinary Office. General acknowledgement 1949873 The authors wish to thank the farmers Kjell Kjosavik, Ernst Mathiassen and Nils Stian Vold who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5508903 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank the study participants in the clinical trial and communities for their willingness to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 5953368 Acknowledgments:Special thanks to the behavioral and environmental staff, neighborhood liaisons, and study participants in Ghana who made this work possible. General acknowledgement 5014284 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank all the study participants who contributed to this study. General acknowledgement 6159589 Acknowledgments:The authors thank the study participants and field staff for their valuable contribution. General acknowledgement 6086154 Acknowledgments:We thank the study participants for their involvement in this study. General acknowledgement 5637583 Acknowledgments:We thank the study participants and their parents, members of field, and laboratory team at Medical Research Council Basse who actively participated in the successful completion of this study. General acknowledgement 5590573 The authors thank the study volunteers for their altruism in taking part in a non-therapeutic study. General acknowledgement 5544067 Acknowledgments:We thank the study participants, the Ministry of Health and Population of Haiti, and the staff of Zanmi Lasante for their contributions to this work. General acknowledgement 4889748 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank all volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 3748519 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the study participants, research assistants, the Iganga/Mayuge Demographic Surveillance Site, and the Iganga and Mayuge Districts for their support and contributions. General acknowledgement 6159570 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all study participants. General acknowledgement 5928824 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all study participants, the regional health authorities of Kanem, the district health authorities of Mao and Mundo, the State of Chad, the ACF Chad Mission and ASRADD members, our field staff, health staff of all participating health centers, community health workers, and drivers. General acknowledgement 4973172 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to acknowledge and thank the local fieldworkers and all participants involved in the study. General acknowledgement 3583335 We would additionally like to thank the staff and participants of the MAL-ED Network Project for their important contributions. General acknowledgement 5928820 Acknowledgments:We thank the teams from the Fiji Centre for Communicable Disease Control, the Ministry of Health and Medical Service for their assistance, and children and their family for participating in the study. General acknowledgement 4973182 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe would like to thank Florence Nankya, Damalie Nabukeera, Emmanuel Ssemmondo, John Rek, Irene Kinera, Rita Kabuleta Luswata, Susan Naiga, Christine Nabirye, Lilian Taaka, Miriam Kayendeke, Joseph Wadamba, Wendo Nicholas, Tema Kizito, Geoff Lavoy, the ACT PRIME and PROCESS study teams, Maureen Origumisiriza for the artwork, the administration and health leadership of Tororo District, and the administration of the Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration for all of their contributions. General acknowledgement 5817755 Acknowledgments:We thank all of the participants and clinics who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 3391058 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe acknowledge the close support and dedication of the volunteer health workers and clinic staff of Livingstone District, Zambia, and the Livingstone District Health Management Team. General acknowledgement 4350536 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the patients and their families that participated in this study, and the support of the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. General acknowledgement 5805062 Acknowledgments:We thank all of our study participants and our dedicated icddr,b field staff. General acknowledgement 6090339 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank the study volunteers for their participation in the study. General acknowledgement 6090336 Acknowledgments:We thank the staff members and the participants of the MAL-ED Mirpur birth cohort study, the field and laboratory staff members at the International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, and the MAL-ED network investigators in the Foundation of National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and Fogarty International Centre (FIC) for their important contributions. General acknowledgement 3752809 We also thank the primary school students who participated in the study, their teachers, the village leaders, and the health centre staff of Mulanda health centre IV. General acknowledgement 4530747 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the children, and parent/guardians who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5154434 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe would like to thank the patients who participated in this study for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 3741242 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe would like to thank the staff and patients of Teule Hospital for their cooperation during this study. General acknowledgement 4385775 We also thank the children and their families for participating in the study. General acknowledgement 3029169 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe sincerely thank all focus group participants for sharing their time and views. General acknowledgement 4426593 We would also like to thank the patients who volunteered to take part in our study. General acknowledgement 5953395 Acknowledgments:First and foremost, we would like to thank the children and guardians who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4674246 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the volunteer population from Baltimore, MD who so graciously consented to participate in this trial. General acknowledgement 5303054 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe particularly want to thank the children and caregivers who participated in the study for their generosity and our dedicated field and laboratory staff that contributed to this work. General acknowledgement 3748520 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the study participants and Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site administration and staff, most notably Edward Galiwango, Judith Kaija, Jane Mirembe, and James Kalungi for making this study possible; and the research assistants and data entrants for their hard work during this research. General acknowledgement 4426562 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe are thankful to all members of the enteric infections group and Song Chau at Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU) and the study teams at Hospital for Tropical Diseases (Infectious Pediatric Ward B), Children's Hospital 1 (Gastrointestinal Ward, and General Planning and Development Department), Children's Hospital 2 (Gastrointestinal Ward, Nutrition Ward and Training-Research and International Collaboration Department), and the Clinical Trial Unit and Data Management Centre (OUCRU). General acknowledgement 5303048 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank all of our study participants and our dedicated icddr, b field staff. General acknowledgement 4775880 We would also like to thank all of the study participants for their cooperation and time. General acknowledgement 6169188 Acknowledgments:All authors of this manuscript want to thank all patients and participants in this study. General acknowledgement 5850981 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the study participants for their significant contribution to the study and the excellent work of the field and laboratory staff of the Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation. General acknowledgement 5676631 We thank all of the team members who supported the work in Haiti and especially the people who participated in the studies. General acknowledgement 4385780 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors thank all of the study participants for their collaboration and understanding. General acknowledgement 4497884 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe acknowledge with thanks the contributions of the many experts and consultants who participated in our research. General acknowledgement 4944706 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank all study participants; the provincial study coordinators; the Chiang Rai, Khon Kaen, and Nakhon Phanom Provincial Health Offices; the research and hospital staff; and the laboratory and IT teams. General acknowledgement 5508897 Acknowledgments:We thank the families and participants of the MAL-ED children at each site for their time, patience, and dedication to the study. General acknowledgement 5928715 Acknowledgments:We thank the study participants and communities, village malaria workers, Ta Toek Commune, and Samlout District and Battambang Province authorities. General acknowledgement 4775895 We also thank the district health staff, the agents de santé communautaire, and the mothers and children who participated in the various evaluation activities. General acknowledgement 4775895 We also thank the interviewers, supervisors, and other field staff for the evaluation studies. General acknowledgement 6159582 Acknowledgment:We thank the study participants and local field assistants. General acknowledgement 5590581 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all the study participants for their contributions. General acknowledgement 5953387 Acknowledgments:We thank all the participants, their parents, teachers, and community members from all the five schools in Asembo Bay for their support provided to this study. General acknowledgement 5928720 Acknowledgments:We thank the children, their families, and the care providers who agreed to participate in the P1068s trial and place their trust in the site study teams. General acknowledgement 2963957 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are very grateful to inhabitants of Mulanda who kindly participated in the study and thank all the members of the study team in Uganda for their tireless effort and excellent work. General acknowledgement 3854882 The authors thank all of the volunteers and their parents/guardians who participated in the trial and the study site personnel for their contributions to the study. General acknowledgement 6090361 We acknowledge the contributions of the Ministries of Health, national coordinators, village-based volunteers, other health workers in the disease-endemic countries, and other staff of The Carter Center, WHO and UNICEF to these significant accomplishments. General acknowledgement 3795090 We thank PIH and Zanmi Lasante staff and volunteers for their tireless dedication to the project; Amanda Schiff, Omowunmi Aibana, Wilfredo Matias, Matthew Peckarsky, Molly Franke, Nicole Armstrong, Zibiao Zhang, and Dana Thompson for their contributions; and community members and leaders in Bocozel and Grand Saline. General acknowledgement 4497885 We thank the contributions of the experts and consultants who have participated in the enquiry. General acknowledgement 5790166 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the study participants and their parents or legal guardians General acknowledgement 5817775 Acknowledgments:We thank all study participants and the Majete Wildlife Reserve perimeter where the Majete Malaria Project operates. General acknowledgement 3748497 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors thank the caretakers and children who participated in this study and the management and staff of the Mali Ministry of Health institutions for their support. General acknowledgement 4350564 The authors also thank the participants for their patience and consent to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 6221218 Acknowledgments:We thank all the participants in the trial and the NNIPS staff in Kathmandu and Sarlahi, Nepal. General acknowledgement 4559678 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the volunteers who participated in this trial, as well as the following principal investigators at the study sites in Puerto Rico: Domingo Chardon Feliciano, Evelyn Matta Fontanet, Luis Rodriguez Carrasquillo, José Rodriguez Santana and Miguel Sosa-Padilla. General acknowledgement 5508912 We would like to thank all clinicians, midwifes, nurses, laboratory technicians, and staff working at the SMRU for their contribution to improve health problems along the Thailand–Myanmar border. General acknowledgement 5817756 Acknowledgments:We thank the study participants and local staff from Yingjiang CDC and Menglian CDC for their contribution of time and effort. General acknowledgement 5953365 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all study participants, investigators, nurses, and laboratory, technical, safety, and regulatory personnel for contributing to this study. General acknowledgement 5417189 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank all the research participants. General acknowledgement 5817781 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all medical and nursing staff of the general referral hospital of Mosango, as well as all study participants. General acknowledgement 3414558 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the refugee program volunteers in Largo and Tobanda Refugee Camps and all the Sierra Leonean research and support personnel. General acknowledgement 5817767 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all the family members of the study participants. General acknowledgement 5929208 We sincerely thank patients and people who volunteered to participate in the studies. General acknowledgement 4674254 We would also like to thank the study participants for giving us their time during the interview process. General acknowledgement 3748510 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors thank the caregivers, their children, and community members of the Dangme-West District who participated in this trial. General acknowledgement 5929186 Acknowledgments:We thank all study volunteers and all staff of CERMEL and of Sanaria Inc. General acknowledgement 5953361 Last, much appreciation and thanks is extended to all the village volunteers and former and current GGWEP staff who impacted the lives of Ghanaians through the eradication of GWD. General acknowledgement 5953353 Acknowledgments:We thank Molou Lamah and Amara Nana Camara for collaborating with WHO and for their strong contribution to public health in Lola, Guinea. General acknowledgement 5361544 We also thank all the schoolchildren and teachers who participated in the survey for their cooperation and coordination. General acknowledgement 4426557 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the participants in this study who were so gracious to offer their time and cooperation. General acknowledgement 5462562 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe would like to thank the participants of the study and community leaders of the UN House PoC for making the study possible. General acknowledgement 5590566 Acknowledgments:We thank the survey participants for their participation, and also the field team Munmun Dasmohapatra, Alfred Mohanty, Soumya Nayak, Sunita Ray, Sasmita Barik, Puspa Barik, Swarnalata Sahoo, Rajani Barik, Archana Harichandan, Arnapurna Harichandan, Rajashree Nayak, and the data entry team Sadasiv Kotia and Sonam Sahoo. General acknowledgement 3945682 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSFor their invaluable contributions to the Guinea worm eradication campaign in South Sudan, the authors thank the Ministry of Health, Republic of South Sudan; The Carter Center; the World Health Organization; United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF); the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; the United Kingdom's Department for International Development; program technical advisors; and the thousands of local volunteers who are making Guinea worm eradication in South Sudan a reality in their new nation. General acknowledgement 5805036 Acknowledgments:We thank the children who participated in the study along with their parents and guardians, without whom this study would never have been accomplished, and the investigators for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 5805050 Acknowledgments:We thank all study participants for their contribution to this study. General acknowledgement 4709989 The students who participated in the study are also specially thanked. General acknowledgement 5613354 We thank all study participants for their kind cooperation. General acknowledgement 5732409 We wish to thank the students and academic staff who participated in this research. General acknowledgement 4891889 We also thank all the instructors, supervisors and students who participated in the study with enthusiasm and support. General acknowledgement 5987484 We also thank all the students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5763939 The authors thank all participants, patients and their family members for their reflective writings and sharing of life stories. General acknowledgement 5681760 The authors wish to express their gratitude to the students who participated in the study, and to the Medical Education Association in their country for the opportunity to present the findings in its annual conference. General acknowledgement 535901 Thanks to the participants of the workshop. General acknowledgement 5000445 The authors deeply thank the students who gave consent to participate in the study, and the research collaborators at Universities were the study was carried out. General acknowledgement 6278061 The authors like to thank all physiotherapy students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6215683 We would also like to thank the VA residents that volunteered to take out of their regular duties to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 5034456 We thank all study participants from the medical schools Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinikum der Universität München (LMU), Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, and Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg. General acknowledgement 4986406 They would also like to thank the participants in the study for their involvement. General acknowledgement 6169000 We would also like to thank the participants of the study. General acknowledgement 5364693 The authors would like to thank all the participants for their time. General acknowledgement 5883275 We thank all the physicians who volunteer to participate to the study. General acknowledgement 2621218 The authors thank the medical student participants at Shantou University Medical College for participating in this research. General acknowledgement 5028960 The authors thank all students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4331463 Thank you to the participants of this study for their time and contribution. General acknowledgement 4989331 The authors would like to thank all students and group facilitators in the Gradute Entry Medical School that participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4549017 We wish to thank the Hematology Oncology fellows and graduates who volunteered to participate in the study’s surveys. General acknowledgement 4950633 The authors would like to thank all students who participated in the focus groups for their input. General acknowledgement 4357197 AcknowledgementThe authors would like to thank UWA colleagues and students who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 1951961 The authors thank all the students who participated in this study for their valuable time given for filling up the questionnaires. General acknowledgement 2089058 The authors would like to thank all the postgraduate students, residents and experienced faculty members who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 1899489 Additionally we would also like to thank all medical students who participated in the study and wish that our findings will aim in ameliorating their medical curricula. General acknowledgement 4974733 The authors would like to thank all participants for willingly sharing your everyday life as students and supervisors with us. General acknowledgement 5715628 We would also like to thank all facilitators and students who participated in the PTT program. General acknowledgement 6286534 We are thankful to the Arabian Gulf University (AGU), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Medical University of Bahrain (RCSI Bahrain) and the College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain (CHS, UoB) for their support and to all the students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5946575 We thank the interviewees for their time and participation. General acknowledgement 4574529 The authors thank all participants of the surveys. General acknowledgement 4603990 Finally, thank you to all the study participants for giving up their time. General acknowledgement 5992711 We would like to thank the postgraduate master students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5423026 We would like to thank all physicians and students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4709955 The authors would like to thank all the students who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5989338 The authors wish to thank the participants in the study. General acknowledgement 6029273 We would like to thank all students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5892039 The authors would like to acknowledge and thank the students who participated in the Team-based learning sessions. General acknowledgement 5031323 The authors thank the teachers who participated in the interviews. General acknowledgement 4687104 Many thanks to all medical students who participated in this study and to the many voluntary supporters. General acknowledgement 4182797 We also acknowledge all the administrative staff and academics of the Community Term Committee, and the volunteer GP supervisors. General acknowledgement 5082355 The authors wish to thank the students who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5767064 The authors thank all the students participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5879917 The authors wish to thank their international colleagues who distributed the questionnaires and all the study participants. General acknowledgement 2680845 Many thanks go to the faculty members who participated in the interviews and those who completed and returned the questionnaires. General acknowledgement 4469318 The authors would also like to thank the board of the “Giornate Reumatologiche Sannite” and all the participants for their precious insight and collaboration in the study presented in this paper. General acknowledgement 6204044 The authors thank all participating patients and students and student coordinators in the SRC project and especially all students that participated in this study (as interviewees). General acknowledgement 6186136 The authors would like to thank the fourth-year medical students of 2014/2015 and the simulated patients of the Medical University of Frankfurt for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 5732457 This research has been possible thanks to the help and availability of the University of Navarre Museum tour guides, which focus their art knowledge on the medical students necessities. General acknowledgement 5327532 The authors wish to thank all the students who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 2397401 We thank the participants for their time, referees Dr Simon Murphy and Professor Gareth Rees, advisers Dr Alan Dowler and Dr Chris Taylor. General acknowledgement 5121969 We would like to thank the CEWIM medical students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5680802 We thank all physicians and medical students from the Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4557755 We would like to thanks all participant candidates and simulation faculty at the centres delivering the courses. General acknowledgement 5219809 We would like to thank all the students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4322856 We thank all of the students and SPs who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5530564 Many thanks to all medical students from Hamburg Medical Faculty who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4526181 AcknowledgementWe would like to thank Tobias Sundberg for his contribution to part of the analysis and the students at SCC who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4384319 Many thanks to all medical students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5862175 Thank you also to staff of Bramble Ward, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust that participated in the study, and to the Exeter College students that produced the poster with Katharine Fitzpatrick our Family Involvement Coordinator. General acknowledgement 5580284 We thank the participants for their open participation and contribution to this work on learning and teaching. General acknowledgement 4946086 Thanks for the administrative staff at each clinical school for their support in recruitment of participants, and particularly to the students that completed the surveys. General acknowledgement 5870817 We thank the participants for their open participation and contribution to this work. General acknowledgement 5002162 Thank you to participants who invited RP into their workplaces and homes and gave their time and their knowledge to this research. General acknowledgement 5379665 We thank all students who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4288664 The authors thank the interviewees who were willing to participate in the interviews. General acknowledgement 5282814 We thank all participants in the focus group interviews. General acknowledgement 5512833 We would like to thank the WHU medical students, the mentors and co-mentor who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4654915 The authors wish to thank the study participants; colleagues from UCD; Dr Daragh O’Neill and Ms Mary Headon for their help with organisation; the Ana Liffey Drug Project (ALDP); the ‘SafetyNet’ Primary Care Network; and the Naloxone Advisory Group. General acknowledgement 5683211 We thank the participants in the study. General acknowledgement 5379661 The authors wish to thank all the medical student participants in the study. General acknowledgement 4828880 We also wish to thanks all students who participated in this study and completed the survey questionnaires. General acknowledgement 4549835 The authors would like to thank all the students and tutors at the Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Indonesia who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6295008 Thank you to the participants of the study, who volunteered their time and energy to this research. General acknowledgement 4403756 Thank you to all the participants in the study. General acknowledgement 1482704 Thanks to the students and parents who participated so willingly in this program. General acknowledgement 5251211 Special thanks to all the medical students who participated in the survey and allowed their essays to be evaluated for this work. General acknowledgement 4863338 Additionally, the authors would like to thank all participants of the workshops, along with Nigel May (East Cornwall Patient Participation Group), Teresa MacLennan (North East West (New) Devon Clinical Commissioning Group), Maggie Draper (St Luke’s Hospice Plymouth), Mar Soler-Lopez (Tower Hamlets Public Health Department) and Lizzie Jenkins (St Luke’s Hospice Plymouth) for their contributions to this study. General acknowledgement 5437628 We would like to warmly thank all the midwives, physicians, and medical and midwifery students who participated in the development of the CTG test. General acknowledgement 4349223 The authors would like to thank the faculty members who participated in the study for their time and valuable contribution. General acknowledgement 4788878 The authors wish to thank the program coordinators across the international sites who greatly assisted with the promotion of this program to potential study participants. General acknowledgement 4788878 Additionally, thank you to all participants in the study for volunteer ring their time to assist with this research project. General acknowledgement 4940908 Further we would like to thank all the interviewees for providing their time and expertise. General acknowledgement 5446706 The authors wish to thank participants who agreed to take part in this project and who have contributed to the findings and recommendations of this report. General acknowledgement 4619415 We thank the standardized patients of the Standardized Patients Program of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg for their commitment and valuable contribution to the training and OSCE. General acknowledgement 4902916 Special thanks are also extended to all participants in the study, the simulated patients and clinical skills teaching and support staff for their invaluable assistance. General acknowledgement 4567804 We wish to thank Dr Matt Boyd for his contributions in the initial design and development of the project and all the students who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5569516 We would like to thank the participants who gave up their time to be interviewed. General acknowledgement 4367902 We are very grateful to all the doctors who volunteered to share with the authors their experiences of acclimatisation in our hospital without whose contributions this study would not be possible. General acknowledgement 4738794 AcknowledgementThe authors would like to thank all students who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4393592 The authors wish to thank the participating patients for their willingness to share their experiences of student involvement. General acknowledgement 4458053 The authors wish to thank the students who participated in the study, the mentors who answered the questionnaire for the sampling process, and all other collaborators who contributed to the implementation of the study. General acknowledgement 2717069 The authors thank the students who participated in this exercise. General acknowledgement 5702216 They also appreciate the study participants for their time and contributions. General acknowledgement 6233516 We would like to thank the students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5154027 We thank all our students who acted as peer interviewers and participants in the present study. General acknowledgement 4513701 We would also like to thank Monisha Sharma for her contributions, the health care providers who participated in PRONTO training, as well as the facility-level and provincial leadership for their support. General acknowledgement 6142398 The authors thank the China Medical University fifth year medical students who participated in this survey. General acknowledgement 1253513 We would like to thank all the participants who graciously spent time describing their experiences. General acknowledgement 5260094 The authors thank the study participants for their contribution to the research, as well as current and past researchers and staff. General acknowledgement 6020386 The authors would like to thank all the participants in the study. General acknowledgement 4841965 We would like to acknowledge Trisha Wright, Jackie Rivera, and the medical student volunteers who made the EHSA intervention possible. General acknowledgement 5567902 The authors would like to thank all participants who contributed to the study. General acknowledgement 6137748 The authors would like to thank all the participants of this study. General acknowledgement 4522112 The authors would like to thank the interviewees for sharing their experiences and thoughts about their electives and the University of Limpopo for welcoming the residents. General acknowledgement 6299626 The authors wish to thank all the students and experts who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6282362 The authors would like to thank the nurses and physicians who participated in the interviews. General acknowledgement 5094089 The authors wish to thank all the students who participated, because without their enthusiasm and willingness this project would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 534797 We thank students who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6006569 The researchers appreciate the valuable contributions of the participant students, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, and associated Student Research Committee. General acknowledgement 5414383 We would like to thank all standardized patients and medical students who spent their invaluable time to fill in the questionnaires. General acknowledgement 5461756 The authors would like to especially thank Sabine Fromm-Haidenberger and Gregor Goldner who were in charge of the VSSO organisation for the last years as well as all the teachers and students from the MUW and from the collaborating centre in Groningen, for their effort and enthusiasm that made the VSSO a success story of elective undergraduate education. General acknowledgement 5574123 We also want to thank social service undergraduate students who actively participated with us in 2015: Abraham Ortiz García, Lizbeth Cejudo Aparicio, Jorge Pereyra Arzate, Aketzali Flores Mayorga, Michel Sandoval Torres and Nancy Quintanilla Serrano. General acknowledgement 4628364 The first author would like to thank the participants for giving their time so generously. General acknowledgement 5341445 The authors wish to thank all the students and teachers who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5414187 The authors would like to acknowledge the participants who volunteered to take part in this study. General acknowledgement 5968571 We would like to acknowledge and thank the students that participated in this research. General acknowledgement 5241925 The authors would like to thank the students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6090861 The authors are grateful to the heads of Departments of the two training schools of Optometry in Ghana and the students who volunteered to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 2775735 We would also like to thank all those students who participated in this study and who loaned us their creative work for analysis. General acknowledgement 6029173 We would also like to thank our staff and student participants for their time and insight. General acknowledgement 1479344 We would like to thank all the patients and their relatives, such as the numerous students and especially Mag. General acknowledgement 5683338 We would like to thank the palliative care physicians who introduced the participants to us. General acknowledgement 6260878 We would like to thank the Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Fisioterapia - ASCOFAFI, the Asociación Colombiana de Fisioterapia – ASCOFI, Méderi, our fellow physiotherapists who participated as expert judges, and all the teachers and students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6201511 We thank all the medical students (2015 and 2016) who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6029042 We would like to thank all of the online participants and the SLPs and students who attended the CE event. General acknowledgement 4578793 The authors would like to thank all the medical students who participated in the study, and provided us with their honest opinions. General acknowledgement 4834827 The authors wish to thank all students, general practitioners and patients who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 6103861 The authors would like to thank all the students in year four of the MBChB programme of University of Otago Wellington in 2016 who participated the research. General acknowledgement 4363464 The authors would like to thank all participants and staff involved for their support of this study. General acknowledgement 2693513 The authors wish to thank all the participants for giving their time to take part in the interviews. General acknowledgement 6006697 We are thankful to all students participated in this study, thanks to Damascus Hospital and his staffs for their support and hospitalization during the course. General acknowledgement 4940764 The family physicians at the learning centres are also thanked for their contributions: Drs L Nkombua, JJ Ongole, S Ukpe, V Antia, R Chundu, F Tiamiyu, C Bondo, O Oduntan and C Eche. General acknowledgement 4815074 We thank all students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 1857695 We thank all participants in the study. General acknowledgement 6180444 We would like to thank all the participants in this study for their willingness to accomplish our investigation. General acknowledgement 4404043 The authors thank all students that participated in the seminar. General acknowledgement 4203865 Thank you for all the students who responded and staff who facilitated access to study participants. General acknowledgement 1180439 The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr John Birks who established this project, the team of dedicated educators who contributed to this project and the students who volunteered to participate. General acknowledgement 5930837 We would like to thank the medical students who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5693565 The authors thank all students that participated for their time and effort. General acknowledgement 5029103 We would like to thank all the students who participated in the focus group discussions. General acknowledgement 544887 Contributions by the following conference delegates are greatly valued and helped to make this statement representative of different health professions and healthcare systems: Andrew Booth, Rosalie Bennett, Thierry Christiaens, Mark Cooke, Madelon Finkel, Simon French, Frances Gardner, Amit Ghosh, Michel Labrecque, Elizabeth Meerabeau, Felice Musicco, Claire Parkin, Nancy Spector, Mel Stewart, Katharine Wylie. General acknowledgement 5930485 The authors wish to extend their thanks to all participants in the study and the support staff of the Surgical Training Center Tuebingen for their invaluable assistance. General acknowledgement 4335787 We also thank all the volunteers that accepted to participate in this project. General acknowledgement 5963036 The authors thank the patients and the family members for their cooperation during the study. General acknowledgement 4819734 Special thanks to the collaborators (teaching staff and students) of the Laboratory of Virology, Genetics, and Molecular Biology. General acknowledgement 5756281 We are thankful to all the children and their parents who participated in this research. General acknowledgement 5225225 The authors would like to thank the clinical laboratories of the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province and Kunming Children’s Hospital. General acknowledgement 5411994 We thank the administration and staff of CDC Central Clinic Tiko for the collaboration and the participants who made the work possible. General acknowledgement 5476809 The authors wish to thank the Research and Publication Committee (RPC) of the University of Venda for funding this study and the female street vendors who volunteered and participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5476807 The authors would like to thank the hospital management and the patients for their cooperation throughout the study. General acknowledgement 3469997 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the volunteers who participated in this study and acknowledge General acknowledgement 6057427 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the students for their time and also the staff of the anatomy department and the dissection laboratory for their assistance. General acknowledgement 2688243 The authors would like to thank the participants and staff of this study without whose help this would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 4636760 We thank the EIRA study group, the EIRA data collectors, and the EIRA study participants. General acknowledgement 6062924 We thank all participants and staff members of UZ Leuven who operationally contributed to this study. General acknowledgement 4265487 All participants who gifted samples and information for this study are sincerely thanked. General acknowledgement 5865354 The authors would like to thank the participants, principal investigators and study staff. General acknowledgement 4669597 The authors thank all study participants and all of the volunteers who have willingly participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5434528 We thank the patients and healthy volunteers who participated in this research. General acknowledgement 2714108 We would especially like to thank the study participants, who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 2374458 The authors wish to thank all the participants in this study. General acknowledgement 6085639 We are very thankful to all patients who participated in the present study and to the members of the drug safety monitoring board, Hans Bijlsma, Wolfgang Graninger, Hans Hillege, and Frank Wollheim. General acknowledgement 6094576 The authors thank the participants and data collection staff of the Jackson Heart Study. General acknowledgement 5622576 We also thank all other rheumatologists and trainee rheumatologists who enrolled patients in this study, as well as all research nurses for their contributions. General acknowledgement 5474026 We gratefully thank all GPs and participants of this study. General acknowledgement 4568071 The authors thank the patients and the healthy volunteers for their participation; Tracey Clare, Clinical Research Manager, Department of Radiology, University of Alberta; Paul Filipow, Data Manager, Edmonton, Canada, and Joel Paschke, Information Manager Canadian Research Education (CaRE) Arthritis, Edmonton, Canada for coordinating the Web-based MRI scoring module. General acknowledgement 5341184 We thank all the participants and staff of the rheumatology department at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge for their contributions. General acknowledgement 5907300 We are very thankful to the participants and staff in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. General acknowledgement 6235218 We would like to thank the patients and their families for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 2374445 The authors give special thanks to the study participants, who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 4553940 We would also like to thank all other rheumatologists and trainee rheumatologists who enrolled patients in the BeSt study, and all research nurses for their contributions. General acknowledgement 1906802 We thank the participants and staff of BOKS. General acknowledgement 6042462 We thank all laboratory members for their help and encouragement. General acknowledgement 1174945 We also thank the Ontario Spondylitis Association and the Spondylitis Association of America for their assistance in recruiting the families included in this study. General acknowledgement 5905125 We sincerely thank the HeLP-her participants and communities who took part in this trial. General acknowledgement 5493084 The authors wish to thank all participants in this study. General acknowledgement 6062988 The authors gratefully acknowledge the participation of all NIHR Cambridge BioResource volunteers, and thank the NIHR Cambridge BioResource centre and staff for their contribution. General acknowledgement 4237730 We gratefully thank all the patients and the members of the medical staff who generously collaborated with this research. General acknowledgement 5803933 The authors like to take this opportunity to acknowledge patients and healthy volunteers for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 4580040 The authors would like to thank all patients participating in the Esperanza Programme as well as all members of the Esperanza Study Group. General acknowledgement 6094880 The Juvenile Dermatomyositis Research Group would like to thank all of the patients and their families who contributed to the Juvenile dermatomyositis cohort and biomarker study and Repository. General acknowledgement 6169018 We wish to thank all the patients and the staff members of the medical staff for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6001166 We appreciate the support of the Division of Rheumatology and Immunology at Duke University and, of course, all the participants. General acknowledgement 4718032 The authors thank the volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4704541 We thank the Rockefeller University Clinical Research Support Office (CRSO) for their help in facilitation and patient recruitment and the Rockefeller University Hospital Nursing Staff for their compassionate care of the study participants. General acknowledgement 1297567 The authors thank the patients, their families, their physicians and Dr P Fritz (Centre Viggo-Petersen, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France) for their participation. General acknowledgement 5075188 We appreciate the cooperation of all the patients who volunteered and the staff at the outpatient centre and inpatient department. General acknowledgement 2483451 We thank Susanne Lehmann, RehaClinic, Zurzach, Switzerland, for recruiting participants in the DREAM study. General acknowledgement 4704544 We would like to thank the staff and participants in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, without whom this work would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 4662806 The authors also thank all site participants for their contributions to the study. General acknowledgement 2714153 The authors thank the participants in the NHS and the WHS cohorts for their dedication and continued participation in these longitudinal studies, and thank the staff of the NHS and WHS for their assistance with this project. General acknowledgement 4721018 We would also like to thank all other rheumatologists and trainee rheumatologists who enrolled patients in this study, and all research nurses for their contributions. General acknowledgement 2212578 The authors thank the participants and staff of the Boston Osteoarthritis Knee Study. General acknowledgement 4404072 We thank all study participants and all the volunteers who have so willingly participated in this study, thus making this study possible. General acknowledgement 4952232 We thank the patients and staff members who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5688724 We thank Vibasha Chand, Joanie McPhee and Lyndall Henderson for their contributions to ARAD, as well as the ARAD participants who contribute to the database. General acknowledgement 6009058 The authors thank the patients, their families, and all investigators involved in this study. General acknowledgement 4942934 The authors thank the participants and the staff at the Division of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital for making this study possible. General acknowledgement 2575616 We would like to thank the participants and staff of the BOKS and Framingham Osteoarthritis Study. General acknowledgement 6282326 We would like to thank the researchers and study participants for their contributions. General acknowledgement 1906796 We offer special thanks to the participants and orthopaedic surgeons who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 333417 AcknowledegmentsWe thank our collaborators at the Hospital for Special Surgery and Expression Diagnostics, Inc, particularly Dr Kyriakos Kirou and Ms Christina Lee and Ms Sandhya George, for their contributions to the work described in this review. General acknowledgement 5520357 The authors thank all the participants in this study. General acknowledgement 1779368 We thank especially the study participants who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 4392874 We thank the patients and healthy volunteers for their cooperation and for consenting to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 4604627 The authors thank the staff and participants of the ARIC study for their important contributions. General acknowledgement 4354987 We are grateful to the patients and volunteers for their participation in this study and thank all the rheumatologists at the Kyushu University Hospital, Saga University Hospital and Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5842593 The authors also thank the study participants, without whom this study would never have been accomplished, and the investigators for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 4828830 The authors thank the participants of this investigation as well as the clinical faculty from the Division of Rheumatology and Immunology at Duke University Medical Center who referred patients for this investigation. General acknowledgement 2206367 The authors would especially like to thank the study participants who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 1175068 We are grateful to the physicians, surgeons and oncologists who endorsed this project, to the interviewing staff, and to the many women and their relatives who participated in this research. General acknowledgement 5034523 The authors would like to thank the students and nurses who participated in the research and Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore for providing support for the study. General acknowledgement 4364266 Appreciation is also extended to the youth and families as well the collaborators, research assistants and study interviewers at the various centers that are participating in this study. General acknowledgement 4963619 NGS service by SciGenom Labs, Cochin, India is also acknowledged. General acknowledgement 6120061 SD is grateful to Ramesh Kotnana of the Knowledge Sharing and Innovation Program of the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT, Patancheru, India) for arranging reprints on relevant subjects as a valuable resource for shaping this article. General acknowledgement 5450224 The supply of the Aegilops tauschii germplasm by Wheat Genetics Resource Center (Kansas State University), University of Missouri and IPK Gatersleben is also gratefully acknowledged. General acknowledgement 6256741 Krista Raveala is acknowledged for assistance in the greenhouse and laboratory. General acknowledgement 5742621 The assistance of Professor Chris Exley (Keele University, United Kingdom) is appreciated. General acknowledgement 4936112 The authors also would like to thank the managers at the residential facilities for providing time for staff to take part in the seminars. General acknowledgement 3247111 We would like to acknowledge PIJIP Associate Director Sean Flynn for opening the conference with thoughtful reflections. General acknowledgement 5054619 We also thank the Tuākana contestable fund and the FMHS postgraduate students association for their support for Erena Wikaire to attend and present these research findings at the Leaders in Indigenous Medical Education (LIME) Connection VI conference in Townsville, Australia 2015. General acknowledgement 4630906 We also thank Ngā Pae o Te Māramatanga for their support for Erena Wikaire to attend and present these research findings at the Leaders in Indigenous Medical Education (LIME) Connection V conference in Darwin, Australia 2013. General acknowledgement 5349763 We especially thanks to the conference organizing team led by Dr Rasha Kelej, Venu Nair and Leonard Saika. General acknowledgement 3992898 I am grateful to Mohammad Ghaly of the University of Leiden for inviting me to write this article following my presentation at a Conference on ‘Bioethics and Islamic Law’ in Leiden, 7–8 December 2011. General acknowledgement 6195712 We thank the ECCMID (European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases) 2017 Programme Committee to have accepted this work for ECCMID 2017 congress (paper poster session). General acknowledgement 5340948 AcknowledgmentsThe authors deeply appreciate the 8th Asia Pacific Chapter Meeting of International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (APCM-ISPD 2017) for inviting them to present some related results of the manuscript. General acknowledgement 5331317 The authors also thank the 34th Conference of the International Society of Animal Genetics (ISAG) for giving them an opportunity to present this work. General acknowledgement 6136522 The authors are very grateful to the Organizing Committee of the Oxford Influenza Conference, 2018, for choosing their data which described the potential cross-protective activity of monovalent live attenuated influenza vaccine type B for oral presentation. General acknowledgement 3359444 We also gratefully acknowledge our colleagues who contributed to the meeting but whose presentations could not be summarized here due to space limitations. General acknowledgement 5664037 AcknowledgmentsSeaSearch Biological Surveys is a privately-owned consultancy that selects and funds its own research for scientific purposes. General statement 5742781 Many horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, Cape buffalo, eland, blesbok, oryx, gazelles, guanacos, dogs, cats, lions, tigers, cheetahs, leopards and elephants have been my constant mentors in this search for over 40 years. General statement 6262432 International collaborations were necessary to conduct the Cat Tracker project, including North Carolina State University and North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences where the methods for cat tracking were established (Roland Kays, Troi Perkins, Holly Menninger, Rob Dunn and Sarah Davidson), and Victoria University of Wellington (Heidy Kikillus). General statement 4494285 Joy Burrough was the authors’ editor. General statement 5836029 To those authors/editors/publishers of those articles, journals and books cited in this manuscript. General statement 5002162 Interviews were held at a time and in a place convenient for participants. General statement 4810051 Without their assistance, this work would not be possible. General statement 5981289 The author is a salaried employee of Dogs Trust. General statement 5142393 Authors’ informationCR – is a Lecturer attached to the Department of Allied Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. General statement 4768326 Prof Jill Cook is a NHMRC practitioner fellow (ID 1058493). General statement 2728204 The British Regional Heart Study is a British Heart Foundation Research Group. General statement 5655853 MD is a Clinical Associate Professor in Small Animal Internal Medicine (MA, VetMB, PhD, CertSAM, DipECVIM-CA, MRCVS), European Veterinary Specialist in Small Animal Internal Medicine and RCVS Recognised Specialist in Small Animal Internal Medicine. General statement 5655853 LGR is a Clinical Assistant Professor in Veterinary Pathology (BSc, DVM, PhD, ECVP Diplomate). General statement 5655853 NPM is an Associate Professor of Cancer Biology . General statement 5655853 He is a Fellow of the Royal College of Pathology with more than 15 years’ experience in translational cancer research and genomics. General statement 5655853 CSR is an Assistant Professor in Anatomy and Developmental Genetics , Fellow of the Anatomical Society and the Galton Institute with over 15 years research experience in histology and genomics. General statement 5469055 Her thesis is about SSEPs and MEPs description in healthy and paraplegic chondrodystrophic dogs. General statement 5469055 RJRF is a neurophysiologist and associate physician at Orthopedic and Traumatology Institute, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo. General statement 5469055 He works with intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring since 1995 and has published within this area. General statement 5469055 GCP is an anesthetist at University of São Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Surgery, and she has also experience in anesthetic procedures during SSEPs and MEPs in dogs. General statement 5469055 JMM is a Full Professor at the University of São Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Surgery, and works with Neurosurgery and Small Animal Surgery. General statement 5784702 Authors’ informationJJ is an infectious disease physician and researcher in the field of antimicrobial resistance, with a focus on the animal/human/environment interface. General statement 5751857 She currently is a research leader in food safety and veterinary public health at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU). General statement 5217557 Authors’ contributionsJD was the driver and initiator of this area elimination project. General statement 5217557 Authors’ informationJD is a veterinarian: a specialist in pig health and production, and co-owner of Porcus Pig Practice. General statement 5217557 PHR is a Veterinarian, Global Technical Manager, PRRS at Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH. General statement 4558722 Authors’ informationMK is an ECVN resident. General statement 4558722 NO is an EVDI diplomate. General statement 4558722 MK (Martin Kramer) is an EVDI diplomate. General statement 4558722 KF is a head of the Institute of Biomathematics University Giessen. General statement 4558722 AM is an ECVCP diplomate. General statement 4863359 DMM is an employee of Spectrum Brands (and formerly of P&G). General statement 5513368 Authors’ informationKZ-K is assistant professor and a veterinary specialist in feline and canine diseases. General statement 5513368 RL is a professor and a specialist in feline and canine diseases. General statement 5482935 Authors’ informationKB is a professor in fish pathobiology investigating infectious diseases in fish with a particular focus on parasitic infections and fish–parasite interactions. General statement 5732494 BMJ is a wildlife biologist working on birds and marine mammals in the Arctic with a special focus on the thyroid hormone system. General statement 5898007 KG, Hanover, Germany; RD is an employee of Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein; Germany. General statement 4973193 Within a short time of his appointment, he tirelessly worked toward establishing entomological surveillance in this focus. General statement 4674243 AVSH is a Jenner Investigator and Wellcome Trust and NIHR Senior Investigator. General statement 4674254 The survey team included Alfonso Simoné Vizcarra, Jessica Mori Guzman, Patricia Cardenas Garcia, Katia Lopez Sifuentes, Anilu Tecco Rodriguez, Giannina Villalobos Babilonia, Luis Arturo Saavedra Vela, and Jhonny Cordova Lopez. General statement 4080565 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSRic Price is a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow in Clinical Science (091624). General statement 5106772 AO (DipAppSc, BHSc, GradDipHSc) is a Research Officer at the WA Centre for Health and Ageing, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences at The University of Western Australia. General statement 5106772 MC (BA, BSc, Dip Ed, MEd, PhD), is a Research Associate at the Education Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences at The University of Western Australia. General statement 5106772 CE-B (MB BS GradCertHPEd PhD FRACP) is an Associate Professor at the University of Western Australia, and a Geriatrician and Clinical Pharmacologist at Royal Perth Hospital. General statement 5064885 SH is an NIHR Clinical Lecturer at Imperial College London. General statement 5433187 She is a Visiting Researcher at the University of Cambridge and  founding Director for the Work Psychology Group, an international research-led organisational psychology consulting practice. General statement 5433187 Fran Cousans is an Associate Research Psychologist at Work Psychology Group and teaching fellow in the Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester. General statement 5433187 Iain is a Registered Occupational Psychologist, an Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society (BPS), past Senior Editor for the BPS Test Reviews and a previous Council member of the International Test Commission. General statement 5433187 Lara is a Registered Occupational Psychologist and an Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society (BPS). General statement 5433187 IC is an associate of Work Psychology Group. General statement 5433187 SM is the Postgraduate Dean at HEEM, and JJ is an Associate Postgraduate Dean at HEEM. General statement 4791909 Ana da Silva is a lecturer in medical education at the College of Medicine, University of Swansea, UK. General statement 4791909 Pia Thiemann is a research assistant with the Palliative Care Group in the Primary Care unit, Department of Public Health and Primary, University of Cambridge, UKJames Brimicombe is the Data Manager for the Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary, University of Cambridge, UKSarah Hyde is an Academic Clinical Fellow in the Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary, University of Cambridge, UKDiana Wood is Clinical Dean of the School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK. General statement 4390079 HOSSAM AL TATARI, MD, is a Pediatric Infectious Disease consultant and Program Director for the Pediatrics residency program at Tawam Hospital; Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. General statement 5028960 PC (PhD) is Assistant Professor at the Health Sciences School of the University of Minho. General statement 5028960 MJC (PhD) is Associate Professor and Head of the Medical Education Unit at the School Health Sciences of the University of Minho. General statement 4989331 Author informationDR. General statement 4989331 Declan is a fully trained Gestalt Therapist having graduated from the Irish Gestalt centre in 1992 and is a registered psychologist specialising in psychotherapy. General statement 4989331 Louise has worked in various mental health services and is a primary care researcher specialising in areas of psychological morbidity, paediatrics and primary care team working. General statement 4950633 JM (MBBS, FRCOG MA) is a Senior Clinical Teaching Fellow within the Department of Medical Education, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom. General statement 4994247 Baesse, DCL, EdM, is a professor at the Federal University of Maranhão, with a Master’s Degree in Education. General statement 4994247 Oliveira, AEF, DMD, is a professor at the Department of Dentistry at Federal University of Maranhão and at the postgraduate programmes in Dentistry and Adult and Child Health. General statement 4994247 She is also a coordinator at the Open University of Brazilian National Health System and the President of the Brazilian Council of Telemedicine. General statement 5011880 Authors’ informationAP is a Lecturer and Clinical Educator in the physiotherapy program at the University of South Australia. General statement 5011880 LKL is a Senior Lecturer in Physiotherapy at Flinders University, and an Adjunct Senior Research Fellow at the University of South Australia. General statement 5011880 MPM is a Lecturer, School of Health Sciences and a member of the International Centre for Allied Health Evidence (iCAHE), Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. General statement 5011880 JG is a Senior Research Associate, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Centre for Practice-Changing Research (CPCR), Ontario, Canada. General statement 5011880 DM is a Senior Scientist, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Centre for Practice-Changing Research (CPCR), Ontario, Canada. General statement 5011880 JKT is an Associate Professor, University of Southern California Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Los Angeles, USA. General statement 5011880 MTW is an Associate Professor, Associate Head: Research, School of Health Sciences and a member of the Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. General statement 5011880 Dr Moher is a member of the EQUATOR network executive committee. General statement 4974733 Susanne Kalén, RN, PhD is a senior medical education researcher. General statement 4974733 Sari Ponzer, RN, MD, PhD, is a professor of orthopaedics at the Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet and a senior researcher in Medical Education. General statement 5368912 ED is a research assistant. General statement 5054619 She is a PhD candidate in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics. General statement 5054619 Rob is a Professional Teaching Fellow within Hikitia Te Ora – Certificate in Health Sciences programme at Te Kupenga Hauora Māori, FMHS, UoA. General statement 5054619 Rob is a Registered Community Psychologist and his aspirations are firmly rooted in the wellbeing and development of Māori and Pacific communities in regards to identity and health. General statement 4983096 Pamela Tsao, MD FRCPC, is a resident in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the University of Toronto. General statement 5031323 She is also affiliated to LEARN! General statement 5031323 Rashmi Kusurkar, PhD, MD, is an Assistant Professor and the head of Research in Education at VUmc School of Medical Sciences, VU University Medical Center and also affiliated to LEARN! General statement 5031323 Gerda Croiset, PhD, MD, is a Professor of Medical Education and the Director of VUmc School of Medical Sciences, VU University Medical Center. General statement 5002212 Authors’ informationMARIT STOCKFELT, MD, is a resident physician in Rheumatology and a PhD student in Medicine at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg. General statement 5002212 He is also the president of the PhD Student Council at the Academy. General statement 5103441 MR is a professor of Family Medicine and faculty development consultant for the Office of Consultation and Research in Medical Education at the University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine. General statement 5237183 Maria Athina (Tina) Martimianakis is an Education Researcher in the Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto. General statement 5237183 Adelle Atkinson is an Associate Professor in the Department of Paediatrics, at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto and Program Director of postgraduate medical education at the University of Toronto. General statement 5237183 Elizabeth Ford-Jones is an Infectious Diseases Specialist and Professor of Pediatrics at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, at the University of Toronto. General statement 5237183 Michelle Shouldice is an Associate Professor at the University of Toronto and Division Head for the Division of Paediatric Medicine of the Hospital for Sick Children. General statement 5037615 TS is a consultant in anaesthesiology and emergency medicine at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin. General statement 4994313 Authors’ informationMaha Pervaz Iqbal MBBS, MMed (Dundee) is a PhD candidate in Medical Education and a Causal Academic at School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia. General statement 5000497 Authors’ informationARM is a practicing Consultant Anatomical Pathologist, Lymphomatologist, Nephropathologist, Medical Educationist as well as a Senior Lecturer and the immediate Former Head and Chair of Pathology at the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) as well as Former Chair of Anatomical Pathology Services at the Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. General statement 5000497 He is also the Founding Chair of the School of Medicine Curriculums Committee as well as Coordinator of Curriculum Review within the School. General statement 5000497 ARM is a graduate of both the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM) in Tanzania as well as the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. General statement 5282779 Authors’ informationsAhmed Eid, MD, MEd, EdD is Associate Professor of Oncology in the Department of General Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. General statement 5219809 Author informationDr Lewis Raiman, BSc (Hons) MBBS. General statement 5219809 Dr Raiman is a Foundation Year 1 Doctor and Clinical Teaching Fellow at the Princess Alexandra Hospital Harlow. General statement 5219809 Dr Antbring is a Foundation Year 1 Doctor at the Princess Alexandra Hospital where he is extensively involved in teaching aside from his clinical duties as a doctor. General statement 5219809 Asad is a Core Medical Training Doctor at the Princess Alexandra Hospital and a PBL Tutor to Third Year Medical Students. General statement 5041407 Author’s informationTARIG OSMAN is a lecturer in research methodology and biostatistics and was the past Head of the Research and Biostatistics Unit at the University of Medical Sciences and Technology in Sudan. General statement 5041577 Authors’ informationRhiannon Parker is a PhD candidate at the University of Wollongong. General statement 5002162 Adjunct Associate Professor Judy Taylor PhD is researching community development with the College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville Australia and is a member of the Anton Breinl Research Centre for Health Systems Strengthening and the Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine. General statement 5124265 Authors’ informationThree of the authors (RM, DW and SB) all work at the University of Cambridge, which is also the focus of the studies described. General statement 5379665 He is also adjunct professor in mathematics education. General statement 5078914 Authors’ informationBD is an educationist currently studying towards a PhD. General statement 5078914 RH is a clinician with a strong background in health science education and is currently Dean and Head of the School of Clinical Medicine at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, and Chair of the national body, the South African Committee of Medical Deans. General statement 4957336 Authors’ informationArdi Findyartini, MD, PhD (AF) is a lecturer in Medical Education Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia. General statement 4957336 Lesleyanne Hawthorne (LH) is a Professor in International Workforce of the Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne. General statement 4957336 Geoff McColl (GM) is a Professor in Medical Education and Training of the Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne. General statement 4957336 Neville Chiavaroli (NC) is a senior lecturer in Medical Education of the Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne. General statement 4983083 Author informationLuminica Topale, Ed. General statement 5045617 SL was an honours student at the time of this study and is now an occupational therapists in Singapore. General statement 5045617 EC is a senior occupational therapist was previously an evidence based practice champion for the department. General statement 4957903 Authors’ informationHR is a Postgraduate Research Student in the Centre for Medical Education. General statement 4957903 CT is an elearning developer within the School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences. General statement 6134759 Authors´ informationJMB (MD, PhD) is a Doctor Specialist in Family and Community Medicine. General statement 6134759 FC (PhD) is a Doctor Specialist in Family and Community Medicine and Dean of School of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid. General statement 6134759 FJG (PhD) is a Doctor Specialist in Nephrology and in Preventive Medicine and Public Health. General statement 6134759 DM (PhD) is a Doctor Specialist in Family and Community Medicine and in Preventive Medicine and Public Health. General statement 4960857 Dr Tereza Soskova is a trainee anaesthetist at Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board, Swansea, UK. General statement 4960857 Dr Jayne Dawkins is a staff grade doctor at Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board, Swansea, UK. General statement 4994176 Authors’ informationBlossom Yen-Ju Lin, PhD is a professor in the School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC, and her academic specialties are organisational behaviour and theories in health care; she has been developing her knowledge of applied medical education. General statement 4994176 She is also currently Director of Faculty Development Centre and Office of Institutional Research, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. General statement 4994176 Chia-Der Lin, MD, PhD is a clinical physician specialising in otolaryngology. General statement 4994176 He is also currently Vice-Superintendent in the field of education affairs at  China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. General statement 5450253 Authors’ informationTA is a PhD candidate at school of public health, AAU. General statement 5450253 WM is assistant professor in the aforementioned school, statistician and a researcher. General statement 5450253 MD is associate professor in the school of medicine, AAU and pediatrics surgeon. General statement 5109746 The evaluation of all courses is a mandatory component based on the national regulations to study medicine. General statement 5472895 Authors’ informationOSAMU NOMURA, MD, is a PhD candidate in the Department of Integrated Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University and a staff physician in the Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Hospital. General statement 5472895 HIROTAKA ONISHI, MD, MHPE, PhD is an associate professor at the International Research Center for Medical Education, The University of Tokyo. General statement 5472895 HIROYUKI KATO, MD, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Integrated Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University. General statement 5054622 Authors’ informationManuel González-Sánchez PhD is a Assistant Professor at the University of Málaga and a physiotherapist; María Ruiz-Muñoz PhD is a post doc research at the University of Málaga and a podiatrist. General statement 5054622 Ana Belén Ávila-Bolivar Pt, is a physiotherapist. General statement 5154027 Authors’ informationKD is a PhD student and a research assistant in the University of Macedonia, in Thessaloniki, Greece. General statement 5154027 EP is an Assistant professor of health psychology in the School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. General statement 5154027 AM is an Associate professor of Organizational and Work Psychology in the University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece. General statement 5073895 She is a rheumatologist at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital with a PhD on the Genetics of Osteoarthritis. General statement 5073895 Annette Burgess is a Senior Lecturer in the Education Office, Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney. General statement 5073895 Ruth Weeks is an Educational Designer in the Education Innovation Team at the University of Sydney. General statement 4940701 Authors’ informationFP is a Principal Researcher in the Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge and a founding Director of the Work Psychology Group. General statement 4522132 RS is an Osler Faculty Scholar. General statement 5461756 AM is a former VSSO student who decided to become a radiation oncologist. General statement 5461756 She is a member of the VSSO organization team since then. General statement 5461756 At the moment she is a junior doctor at the Department of Radiotherapy at the Medical University Vienna. General statement 5267488 He is a 2010 alumnus of the Yale-KSMU Exchange Program and the co-founder of the KSMU-Makerere Global Health Elective Program. General statement 5267488 Mitra Sadigh, BA is a Post Baccalaureate student in Premedical Studies at the University of Vermont. General statement 5267488 She is a 2014 alumna of the Yale/WCHN-KSMU Exchange Program and 2010 alumna of the KSMU-Makerere Global Health Elective Program. General statement 5267488 She is a 2010 alumna of the Yale-KSMU Exchange Program and 2011 alumna of the KSMU-Makerere Global Health Elective Program. General statement 5267488 He is a 2012 alumnus of the Yale-KSMU Exchange Program and 2010 Alumnus of the KSMU-Makerere Global Health Elective Program. General statement 5267488 Amirov, MD, PhD, DSci is a Professor of the Department of Hygiene and Occupational Health and an Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences. General statement 5267488 Asghar Rastegar, MD is a Professor of Medicine and Director of the Office of Global Health at the Department of Internal Medicine of Yale University School of Medicine. General statement 4295337 Richard Davenport is acting on behalf of the Association of British Neurologists. General statement 5341445 XHW is a professor of medical education, and both ZJ and ZC are associate professors in West China Hospital, School of Clinic Medicine, Sichuan University. General statement 4893221 Eva Purkey is Assistant Professor and Global Health Director in the Department of Family Medicine at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. General statement 5009696 Authors' informationDaniel Satnick was a medical student at Stony Brook School of Medicine during the study. General statement 5043630 NE is a resident in the Department of Internal Medicine at New York University, and a graduate of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. General statement 5043630 NRM is a resident in the Department of Pediatrics at New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, and a graduate of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. General statement 5043630 EH is a resident in the Department of Internal Medicine at New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center and a graduate of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. General statement 5043630 ARZ is a resident in the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Services at Mount Sinai Hospital, and a graduate of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. General statement 5043630 AJK is a resident in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Texas-Houston Memorial Hermann Hospital, and a graduate of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. General statement 5043630 EP is Associate Director for Culture & Health for the Center for Multicultural and Community Affairs. General statement 5043630 YSM is Associate Professor, Department of Medical Education, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, and Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. General statement 5043630 RPS is Associate Professor, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medical Education, and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Geriatrics at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. General statement 5282841 Authors’ informationLA is a Pre-clerkship Course Director for second-year medical students at the University of Toronto and has been involved with curriculum design, development, and renewal. General statement 5282841 FF is an Education Knowledge Broker and Program Coordinator at the University of Toronto’s Centre for Faculty Development. General statement 5011837 She is a PhD student in Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University. General statement 5011837 He is a teacher of medical practical training at School of Medicine, Hokkaido University. General statement 5011837 He is a specialist in medical education. General statement 5240233 Authors’ informationAlla El-Awaisi is an Assistant Dean for Student Affairs at Qatar University College of Pharmacy and the Chair of Interprofessional Education Committee. General statement 5240233 Kerry Wilbur is an Associate Professor of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice and Associate Dean of Academic Affairs at Qatar University College of Pharmacy. General statement 5240233 Maguy El-Hajj is Assistant Professor and Chair of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Section at Qatar University College of Pharmacy. General statement 5240233 Ahmed Awaisu is an Associate Professor in the Clinical Pharmacy and Practice at Qatar University College of Pharmacy. General statement 5240233 Bridget Paravattil is an Assistant Professor at Qatar University College of Pharmacy and Director & Experiential Coordinator of the Doctor of Pharmacy Program at Qatar University College of Pharmacy. General statement 5070083 She is Academic Coordinator of the Onkaparinga Clinical Education Program at Flinders University. General statement 5070083 Ruth Sladek, PhD, is a senior lecturer in medical education and Chair of the Admissions Committee for the Doctor of Medicine (MD). General statement 5288975 Author informationAPS is an Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. General statement 5288975 JTR is an Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. General statement 5288975 SLB is an Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. General statement 5288975 JSE is a Senior Health Services Analyst in the Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. General statement 5288975 TJB is a Professor of Medical Education and Medicine in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. General statement 5073730 Farhana Irfan is an Assistant Professor, Chair of Medical Education Research and Development, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. General statement 5073730 Naghma Naeem is an Associate Professor and Head of Medical Education Department, Batterjee Medical College. General statement 5073730 Abdulaziz Alshomrani is an Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, PO Box 7544, Riyadh 13317–4233, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. General statement 5073730 Gominda Ponnamperuma is a Senior Lecturer in Medical Education, Medical Education Development and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. General statement 5073730 Nada Al Yousufi is an Assistant Professor, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh Saudi Arabia. General statement 5073730 Amr Jamal is an Assistant Professor and Consultant Family Physician and Clinical Informatician, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. General statement 5073730 The co-author GP is an Associate Editor of this journal. General statement 2245936 org and this article. General statement 5123369 AH is an MD candidate at the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University and a resident practicing dentist. General statement 5123369 SG-S, MD, Master of Medical Education (MME) is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Operative Dentistry, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Medical Faculty, Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main. General statement 5123369 IC-L, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Anatomy at the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy at RWTH Aachen University. General statement 5057485 He was awarded FRCP (London) and FCCP. General statement 5057485 He is an academic, a clinical teacher at the University of Colombo and a practicing physician at the National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo. General statement 5142101 Authors’ informationLY is an educational psychologist who co-ordinates postgraduate programs in health professional education and faculty development. General statement 4769573 GV is an undergraduate student from the Biochemistry program, Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile. General statement 5411984 The Kintampo Health Research Centre is a member-centre of the INDEPTH Network. General statement 3114224 KD is a Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award holder. General statement 3017995 KD is a Royal Society-Wolfson Merit Award holder. General statement 3038437 The Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology is a designated NSF Science and Technology Center, managed by the University of California, Davis under Cooperative Agreement No. General statement 5423025 Author TS holds patents on rhPRG4, is a paid consultant for Lubris LLC, MA, USA, and holds equity in Lubris LLC, MA, USA. General statement 416454 APC is a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow in Clinical Science. General statement 5012017 GJ was an employee of Sanofi Genzyme when the study was conducted and may hold stock in Amgen and Pfizer. General statement 5012017 MB is an employee of Optum, which provides services to Sanofi Genzyme. General statement 4936183 Authors’ informationNone to add. General statement 1526564 The following is a list of contributors (and centers) in BIOBADASER, with the steering committee members identified with an asterisk. General statement 2374451 JR was a fellow from the Association de recherche sur la polyarthrite. General statement 4944486 DF is a full professor and head of paediatric rheumatology and immunology at the University of Münster, Germany. General statement 4944486 He was awarded several prizes and co-organizes major international symposia. General statement 2714114 GN is a Bolyai Research Fellow. General statement 1174945 Dr Paterson is a Canada Research Chair. General statement 2656251 HF is a Research Scholar of the Fonds de Recherche en Santé du Québec (FRSQ). General statement 4918072 R Riese was an employee of Pfizer at the time of the study. General statement 5260050 Abrams is an employee of Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. General statement 5343373 EL is an employee of Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc. General statement 5343373 TW is an employee of Takeda Pharmaceuticals International GmbH. General statement 4549866 This is a publication from the Joint and Bone Centre of the Medical University of Vienna. General statement 5094139 J-PR is a consultant for ArthroLab. General statement 5094139 MD is a consultant for ArthroLab. General statement 5094139 JM-P is a shareholder in ArthroLab and consultant for Bioibérica. General statement 2592788 MB is a research scholar at the FRSQ. General statement 4653832 DH is a National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICYT) fellow. General statement 5406915 DHC is an employee and shareholder of Amgen Inc. General statement 5406915 ASK is an employee and shareholder of Pfizer Inc. General statement 5406915 SK is a former employee and shareholder of Pfizer Inc. General statement 5406915 DAP is an employee of Corrona, LLC and instructor for Novartis. General statement 5134270 ML is a Corrona, LLC employee. General statement 5153857 Moreover, SC is also, with Epitech Group, a co-inventor on the following patents, EP 2 821 083, MI2014 A001495, and 102015000067344, that are unrelated to the study. General statement 5048607 AKK is a graduate student in the Tampere Graduate Program in Biomedicine and Biotechnology. General statement 5341430 SH is a consultant for Daval International. General statement 1794527 DL is a Chercheur National from the 'Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec'. General statement 4070572 Henri Batoko is a research associate of the FNRS. General statement 4988974 The CSIR-IHBT communication number for this article is 3982. General statement 3857554 USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. General statement 4705272 CMS is an Alberta Innovates Technology Futures iCORE Strategic Chair in Bacterial Glycomics. General statement 5015475 SS is an associate member of the Researchers National System (SNI, Uruguay). General statement 4330709 ICRISAT is a member of CGIAR Consortium. General statement 4035604 Arun Lahiri Majumder is a Raja Ramanna Fellow of the Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India. General statement 4453478 JM is a contract holder under the Juan de la Cierva Programme of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, co-financed by FEDER. General statement 5281592 The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. General statement 5742254 ICRISAT is a member of the CGIAR. General statement 5502275 PC and SR are members of the Researcher Career of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and PC is an Associate Professor of UNR; and Julieta Fina is a fellow from CONICET. General statement 3364464 Paula Casati is a member of the Researcher Career of CONICET. General statement 4765391 AS is a Junior Research Fellow in the Govt. General statement 4426712 YH is a JSPS research fellow. General statement 4426712 KT is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. General statement 3986525 Gad Galili is an incumbent of the Bronfman Chair of Plant Science at the Weizmann Institute of Science. General statement 4600902 GM-N and GD are career investigators of CONICET; JT is a career investigator of CIC. General statement 3520088 Paula Casati is a member of the Research Career of the CONICET of Argentina. General statement 4804495 PA is a CNPq productivity research fellow. General statement 5701927 AV is an incumbent of the Wolfson Chair in Floriculture. General statement 5897705 VS is affiliate member of the University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine. General statement 4549555 AM is a Raja Ramanna Fellow of DAE. General statement 6037872 John premature death is a great loss to science and the field of ionomics. General statement 4554951 EH is a doctoral fellow of the IWT (Flemish agency for Innovation by Science and Technology). General statement 4554951 DC is an IRO scholar of KU Leuven. General statement 6043680 Institutional communication number for this article is CIMAP/PUB/2018/01. General statement 4820456 LemnaTec® is a Registered Trademark of LemnaTec. General statement 4517450 YR is a CONICET fellow, GF and MEA are senior Career Investigators of CONICET. General statement 5440562 CT is a La Caixa predoctoral fellow. General statement 5440562 MN is a Excelence Severo Ochoa (MINECO) postdoctoral researcher. General statement 3801088 Paula Casati is a member of the Researcher Career of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). General statement 5118446 ICRISAT is a member of the CGIAR consortium. General statement 4585265 MAMC is a CNPq research fellow. General statement 5684119 Institutional communication number for this article is CIMAP/PUB/2017/34. General statement 4593951 JC is an investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. General statement 5874306 999452014-EAA, and by Grup de Recerca de Canvis Ambientals GECA (SGR-DGR), Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 3415700 Dan Chitwood is a Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Fellow of the Life Sciences Research Foundation. General statement 3922081 Marc Hanikenne is a Research Associate of the FNRS. General statement 5495832 JJPK is a fellow of the Bunge & Born Foundation. General statement 5495832 NC is a staff member of the National Research Council (CONICET, Argentina). General statement 6091638 For disclosure, PK holds shares in Integrated Diagnostics and Sera Prognostics, is an employee of Integrated Diagnostics and a consultant to Sera Prognostics. General statement 6091638 JB is an employee of Sera Prognostics and holds shares in the company. General statement 6091638 NDP is a consultant to Sera Prognostics. General statement 5312421 JJK is a Cancer Research UK Career Development Fellow (C50242/A17728). General statement 3382650 The research leading to these results was conducted as part of the PROTECT consortium (Pharmacoepidemiological Research on Outcomes of Therapeutics by a European Consortium), which is a public–private partnership coordinated by the European Medicines Agency. General statement 2613233 AG is an employee of Celgene. General statement 4232889 JS is a statistical contractor employed with Shire. General statement 4696242 In addition, the second author is a court appointed welfare deputy for this patient. General statement 2034376 The DRUID Study is an in-kind project of the Cooperative Research Centre for Aboriginal Health. General statement 1198241 They have made this a much stronger effort than it would have been otherwise. General statement 4902931 DAP is a Professor of Environmental Geochemistry at the School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science at the University of Manchester. General statement 4902931 RML is an Environmental Statistician at the British Geological Survey whose interests include sampling design and environmental monitoring. General statement 4902931 CJM is a geochemist with a background in groundwater chemistry and statistical programming. General statement 5154153 EJ is Vice President of Dialogos and Daily Leader of ICOEPH, JFT is a Committee Member of ICOEPH, and AV is a Member of Dialogos and ICOEPH. General statement 5896062 Bianca Cox is a postdoctoral fellow of the FWO (12Q0517N). General statement 5006410 WWH is a biostatistician who was a graduate student of David Todem, PhD when he began work on this project. General statement 5006410 DT is a biostatistician and an Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Michigan State University. General statement 5006410 JO is a physician who holds a Master’s degree in Epidemiology. General statement 5006410 WK is a physician and an environmental epidemiologist and the senior investigator on this study. General statement 5157081 ACW is a doctoral candidate in environmental and occupational medicine and epidemiology in the Department of Environmental Health. General statement 5157081 DDM is an active commercial airline pilot and research assistant in the Department of Environmental Health. General statement 5157081 MGW is an associate professor of environmental and occupational medicine and epidemiology and studies how environmental factors affect the nervous system and psychiatric symptoms, as well as the epidemiology of neurologic disorders. General statement 5157081 EM is an instructor in the Department of Environmental Health and has lead research and published articles on flight attendant health. General statement 5157081 TSB is an associate professor of child health and human rights and has written extensively on mental health, child development, family functioning and resilience in children facing adversity. General statement 5157081 JGA is an assistant professor of exposure assessment science and has researched and published articles on exposure to flame retardant chemicals on commercial airplanes, the impact of ozone concentrations on passenger health and comfort, and the role of airplanes and airports in infectious disease mitigation. General statement 1190204 ® TUMS is a trademark of GlaxoSmithKline® Vitaballs is a trademark of Amerifit Nutrition Company General statement 5101654 LH is an expert in GreenScreen and chemical alternative assessment methods. General statement 5442867 Agnes Soares is a staff member of the Pan American Health Organization. General statement 5513197 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 4124748 YS Li is an Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellow. General statement 5006795 Jacqueline Anderson is an analyst with Health Navigator. General statement 5946544 Competing interestsMD, IN and ASI are employees of GSK and hold stocks/shares in the company; ASI is also affiliated with McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. General statement 411060 Cam Donaldson holds the Health Foundation Chair in Health Economics and is an ESRC Advanced Institute of Management Research (AIM) Public Service Fellow. General statement 1796848 Susan Hurley is a consultant to the Cancer Council Victoria. General statement 1796848 Jane Matthews is a consultant to Bainbridge Consultants. General statement 6090969 CA and IS are employees of BresMed Health solutions which was contracted and paid by Janssen-Cilag to develop the original cost-effectiveness model. General statement 4938947 Disclaimer Dan Chisholm is a staff member of the World Health Organization. General statement 5568314 Trademark statementSynflorix is a trademark owned by or licensed to the GSK group of companies. General statement 5568314 Prevenar 13 is a trademark of Wyeth LLC. General statement 4539698 FA is an employee of Boehringer Ingelheim. General statement 4545866 Authors’ informationLK is a District Medical Officer with an MSc in Economics and Management of Public Health in Developing Countries (EPIVAC training). General statement 6240184 Timo Purmonen, Devarshi Bhattacharyya, and Minal Jain were salaried employees of Novartis at the time of the research. General statement 2206005 Lorna Guinness is an ESRC Research Fellow at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and also a member of the Health Economics and Financing Programme, and HIVTools Research Group. General statement 2206005 Lilani Kumaranayake is a member of the HIVTools Research Group. General statement 2206005 Kara Hanson is a member the Health Economics and Financing Programme. General statement 5658944 RW is a consultant for the World Health Organization. General statement 4895896 Authors’ informationIBU is a postgraduate student (Master’s degree programme) in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University in Nigeria. General statement 4895896 SON is a lecturer in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University in Nigeria. General statement 4895896 He is a lecturer in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University in Nigeria. General statement 5055695 AM is a former employee of AstraZeneca. General statement 5055695 JW is an employee of AstraZeneca. General statement 5055695 JW is an employee of AstraZeneca and holds stocks or shares in AstraZeneca. General statement 5055695 CS is an employee of Ventana Medical Systems Inc (Roche) and holds stocks or shares in HTG Molecular Diagnostics. General statement 5055695 NS is an employee of Ventana Medical Systems Inc (Roche). General statement 5055695 KES is an employee of MedImmune LLC. General statement 5055695 PBR is an employee of Pfizer and former employee of MedImmune LLC and owns stocks or shares in Pfizer and AstraZeneca. General statement 5055695 JABH is an employee of Pfizer and a former employee of MedImmune LLC. General statement 3121964 ILSI North America is a public, nonprofit foundation that provides a forum to advance the understanding of scientific issues related to the nutritional quality and safety of the food supply by sponsoring research programs, educational seminars, workshops, and publications. General statement 5704517 He has published over 200 papers in journals and conferences, and he has mentored over 40 graduate students who occupy leading positions in academia and/or industry. General statement 5333185 YLO and AB are guest editors at BioMed Central for several thematic post-conference issues. General statement 2687711 The present study was initiated during the meetings of the Dutch group GEO-HEBON, for the study of genetic and environmental risk factors of hereditary BC. General statement 5154110 Trials-in-progress poster TPS653. General statement 5836036 AcknowledgmentsThe author is a Concordia University Horizon Postdoctoral Fellow. General statement 4581466 SK is an American Heart Association Postdoctoral fellow. General statement 4995630 Authors’ informationEach of the authors is a health professional with the following disciplines represented: medicine (MOK, VW), speech pathology (SM), pharmacy (IS), nursing (TB). General statement 5002162 Authors’ informationDr Robyn Preston BA (DevS) (Hons), PGCertDisasRefugHlth, MHSc (HealthProm), PhD is a Lecturer in the Discipline of General Practice and Rural Medicine at the College of Medicine and Dentistry; a Cohort Doctoral Studies Mentor with the Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine and a member of the Anton Breinl Research Centre for Health Systems Strengthening at James Cook University, Townsville, Australia. General statement 4940701 AK is a Postdoctoral Fellow in Improvement Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London. General statement 5043630 He is also Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Social Work and Behavioral Science, and Department of Medical Education at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. General statement 5282841 CY is a senior medical student at the University of Toronto, who currently sits as a student representative on several education committees. General statement 4132995 WB, is a postdoctoral fellow of the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO). General statement 5341190 Authors’ informationML holds a doctoral degree in statistics and PH is a board-certified clinical pathologist. General statement 5078949 Authors’ informationCWH is a full-time doctoral degree candidate in the Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne. General statement 5155399 Authors’ informationDrs Felicity Davis, Bethan Lloyd-Lewis, Jessica Hitchcock and Filipe Lourenco are Postdoctoral Fellows and Olivia Harris is a PhD Student at the University of Cambridge. General statement 4491415 CLH is a Alzheimer Society Research Program Doctoral Trainee. General statement 4782574 SDG is a post-doctoral fellow of CONICET. General statement 1855330 APJ is a Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Postdoctoral Research Fellow. General statement 4994307 Authors’ informationPER is a doctoral student the Faculty of Biosciences - Goethe University Frankfurt am Main and a member of the Molecular Ecology at the Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre. General statement 4070573 OR is a postdoctoral Researcher from the JAEdoc program cofounded by European Science Foundation. General statement 4352550 EJRV is a post-doctoral fellow from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq, Brazil . General statement 2680895 TVL is a Postdoctoral Fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders (Belgium). General statement 4052200 Marja Rantanen and Katriina Mouhu belong to the Finnish Doctoral Program in Plant Science. General statement 4684227 LH is an MRC Doctoral Training Award student. General statement 3167646 AN is a CIHR and Michael Smith Foundation postdoctoral research fellow. General statement 3878600 Noelia Moreno is a predoctoral (FPI) fellow from the Spanish MEC. General statement 5583219 MS is a postdoctoral fellow of the American Heart Association (AHA 17POST33370064). General statement 5099173 AC is a postdoctoral fellow of the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). General statement 4452800 TS is a JSPS postdoctoral research fellow. General statement 4555066 TC is a FAPESP postdoctoral fellow (FAPESP 2014/11668-5). General statement 4584957 LF is a Tanenbaum Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Rotman Research Institute. General statement 3100784 PV is a research director and NG was a doctoral fellow of the FNRS. General statement 5351171 Authors’ contributionsBS was responsible for data collection and coordinating the validation study, assisted in planning the study and further completed the data analysis, data interpretation, the generation of tables and figures and drafting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5351171 MKT and IV were responsible for planning the study, and assisted in coordination, data collection, data interpretation and in reviewing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5351171 LRS was responsible for planning and coordinating the test-retest study, as well as the data collection, and contributed in reviewing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5011845 Authors’ contributionsAE participated in the design of the study and in the recruitment of patients, lead the exercise sessions in both groups, carried out the statistical analysis and was responsible for writing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5541747 CAPES/CNPq and Federal University of Sao Paule bases were responsible for providing all the supplied data to all MEDLINE (Ebsco), PubMed and Cochrane databases. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4989489 NH was responsible for data sampling and statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4947363 AI was responsible for data collection, and UI was responsible for analysing data and drafting the manuscript which was critically revised by JK, MH, MW and MB in several steps. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5093971 Authors’ contributionsSI was responsible for the present study’s concept and design, as well as for data acquisition, analysis, interpretation, and drafting of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5093971 MA was responsible for the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5057214 BS was responsible for data collection and drafting the manuscript while WH and MC contributed to the critical revision for publishing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6004666 Authors’ contributionsMVC applied the inclusion criteria to the database, revised the histopathological record of the individual patients included, prepared the data for statistical analysis, selected and prepared images, tables and graphics, and was the main responsible for the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4704395 NHA and EME were responsible for all laboratory analysis and contributed to the manuscript regarding serological test methods. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5975580 She was involved in statistical analysis of the data and responsible for manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5975580 MKH was responsible for the choice of laboratory variables. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5975580 MEP was responsible for the design of the study and the acquisition of patients. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5975580 AN performed the statistical analyses and was responsible for the interpretation of these. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5975580 JK was responsible for the study design and the acquisition of patients, as well as sample collection, handling, and interpretation of results. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5806475 OT and YCBS were responsible for drafting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4928257 Authors’ contributionsRB was responsible for quantitative histological analysis of bones and writing the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4928257 HD was responsible for qualitative histological analysis of bones. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4928257 RO was responsible for the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4928257 VK was responsible for cortical bone thickness analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4928257 MA was responsible for photodocumentation of histological sections. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4928257 BG was responsible for preparation of histological sections and corresponds with co-authors. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4928257 MC was responsible for animal care and sampling of femora. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5598060 GL was responsible for collecting bacterial isolates for sensitivity testing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4660782 Authors’ contributionsHS was responsible for study design, permission of the cantonal veterinary office, recruitment of healthy study subjects and clinical examination, organisational work, data collection, CEUS analysis, statistical analysis and writing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4660782 SO was responsible for the study design, in particular CEUS, performed all imaging procedures and drafted the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5669001 ASAE and ANAS were responsible for kinetic data collection and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6299591 Authors’ contributionsKMH and PAB developed the research concept; NMR and PAB were responsible for sample collection and storage. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4581091 He has been responsible for the diagnostic of genetic diseases in Danish cattle since 1989 and has published extensively within this area. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5471899 SKW was responsible for the intramammary infusion and for the setting of the immunological study, as well as contributed to the final manuscript draft. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5751857 IV, SB and KS drafted the section Pathogen/food commodity combinations and One Health challenges, however IV was main responsible for the section on antimicrobial resistance and BSE, and KS for the sections on STEC and Listeria monocytogenes and SB for the section on norovirus. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5493851 AE and PG were responsible for the data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5217557 JD was directly responsible for the breeding herds in Flow 1. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5414310 CR, MB, KHJ, LM and ØS were responsible for the clinical and neurological examinations and diagnostics of included dogs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5414310 AE and IB were responsible for the pathological examinations of included dogs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5414310 KHJ were responsible for scrutinizing the pedigrees and making the figure. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5603010 Authors’ contributionsCCK was responsible for the sampling and participated in sampling, performed cytology, and FISH examinations, and analysed data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5514518 KGS was responsible for ultrasonography. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4863359 VJA, SG and JP were responsible for data analysis and interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4559906 Authors’ contributionsHD participated in the design of the study and was responsible for writing the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4559906 VK was responsible for quantitative histological analysis of bones. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4559906 RB was responsible for qualitative histological analysis of bones. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4559906 BG was responsible for preparation of histological sections. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5930785 SA was responsible for the qPCR and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6282261 Authors’ contributionsMDT and VS performed the clinical investigations and the echocardiogram of the dog and were responsible for the care and treatment of the dog during hospitalization. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6282261 SB was responsible for the interpretation of the thoracic radiographs and the CT scan. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6282261 GG was responsible for the initial histopathology of the ante-mortem lung biopsy, the autopsy, the post-mortem histopathology of the lungs and the re-evaluation of the ante-mortem lung biopsy. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6282261 FvS was responsible for the genetic research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5613397 Authors’ contributionsTN was responsible for antigen detection, virus isolation, RT-PCR analysis, diagnostic sequencing and drafting the manuscript, TS and TSm further characterized the virus and made phylogenetic analysis, VK was responsible for the sampling of organs and swabs from the bat, LS and TG provided critical intellectual contribution. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5594552 Authors’ contributionsWB participated in the study design and was involved in manuscript preparation; WN contributed to the study design, interpretation of the results, coordinated clinical work and was responsible for revision of the manuscript; AP performed semen analysis, and participated in statistical analysis; AR participated in collection of samples and coordinated clinical work; RM participated in the collection of samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5655941 SO was responsible for the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4558832 Authors’ contributionsEML: veterinarian responsible for the patient, writer of the manuscript, submitter of the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4582627 Authors’ contributionsMK was responsible for the practical implementation of the trial, including inoculation and bacterial sampling. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4582627 She was also responsible for drafting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4582627 BT did laboratory work regarding identification and characterisation of Dichelobacter nodosus including PCR, cultivation, virulence testing and serotyping, and was responsible for preparation of bacterial suspensions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5429517 MJ and PH were responsible for animal handling, sample collection and drafting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6020225 ETL and MS were responsible for the coordination of the sampling. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6020225 TRÅ, AA and KJ were responsible for the laboratory analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4548847 Authors’ contributionsMM was responsible for coordinating the study and writing the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4548847 RO was responsible for statistical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4548847 HD was responsible for sample preparation for atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4548847 RS was responsible for determination of risk elements content. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4548847 IB was responsible for animal trapping. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6258494 MK was responsible for samples collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4937533 Authors’ contributionsCV performed the initial clinical investigations of the dog and was responsible for the care and treatment of the dog during admittance at the Intensive Care Unit. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4937533 EB was responsible for the serological and molecular biological diagnostic testing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4937533 TD performed and evaluated the initial echocardiogram of the dog at presentation and was responsible for the interpretation of the thoracic radiography. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494325 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank to Manfred Grün for critical comments; Anne Mösseler for some calculations; and Saara Sander and Sigrid Herweg for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494393 Michael Garstang thanks Mary Morris for her assistance in preparing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071124 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to acknowledge Sheryl Mitchinson, Mike Reilly, Gary Sparrow and Kerry Miller for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867523 The authors thank Australian Country Choice and their staff for their provision of animals, facilities and technical operators. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693201 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Ryan Brook and an anonymous referee, and an external Editor, for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867526 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank members of the SunPork Solutions team for editing this document prior to publication, and to Australian Pork Limited for funding this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494441 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Patricia Pérez and the Wildlife Conservation Society for technical and logistic assistance and the two anonymous reviewers for their comments on this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6211009 The authors thank the Deanship of Scientific Research and RSSU at King Saud University for their technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981272 Kacey O’Donnell and Gabrielle Dressel assisted in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4880847 Thanks also to Jo Smith for veterinary assistance in sampling, and to Sarah Zito for editing assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693213 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Cheryl Miller for assistance with typing, proof reading, and electronic submission of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494298 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Andreas Ochsenbein for technical assistance and support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494298 Pius Korner-Nievergelt helped with the statistical analysis and Henner Sandman provided information about ultraviolet light. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494399 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to the Conservator of the Conkouati-Douli National Park, Grégoire Bonassidi for his support and for permission to carry out this work, as well as the Congolese government for allowing this research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071069 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Phil Kass for his assistance with statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981281 We would like to thank Frances Sherwood-Brock for proof-reading the manuscript to ensure correct English. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494283 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are much obliged to three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and linguistic revision of an earlier draft of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598697 The authors thank the North Carolina State Feed Mill for preparing the sow diets, the personnel of the North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University’s Swine Unit for animal care and Nabin Gyawali at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University for his assistance with the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494438 We also thank Elisabet Purastuti for Remote Sensing analysis, Wisnu Wardana, and Nazarudin for veterinary and technical assistance during elephant capture, David Wattles and Jason Estes for discussions of elephant distribution, and four manuscript reviewers for very helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025322 The authors also wish to thank Brendon Todd for proofreading and editorial advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5332933 We appreciate the useful comments and suggestions from Frauke Ohl, head of the Department of Animals in Science and Society—Animal Welfare & Laboratory Animal Sciences, who passed away much too young on 28 January 2016. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5664037 SeaSearch wishes to thank Cynthia Sinclair and Carmen Tamayo for their assistance in preparation of this document and for its editorial review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981279 AcknowledgmentsThe review covers thirty-five years of data collection and analysis during which ANR has been employed by The HSUS and Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine (from 1983–1997). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981276 The authors acknowledge the assistance of the Tiwi Islands Land Council, Kate Hadden, Manager Land & Resources, for her assistance with the research proposal and her team Willie Rioli and Colin Kerinaiua, Local Land Rangers, for their local knowledge and assistance with the on the ground research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494333 I would like to express my sympathy to CVS UK for allowing the collection of data used in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494404 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Odamir Barbosa da Silva for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494396 We thank Georgios Anagnostopoulos and anonymous reviewers for their constructive remarks. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4810044 The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their insightful comments, which led to improvements in this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494274 AcknowledgmentsThanks to Myriam Audenaert, Bart de Bock, Kristof Dierkens, Roland Limpens, Jan Staels, and Hans Uitterhaeghen for all their practical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494322 We also wish to thank the significant contributions of Cathy Bryant and Sheldon Johnston of ARD, and Adele Ohama and Dave Young of AAFC for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494322 Special thanks are extended to Cletus Sehn, Ken Grimson, and their staff at the Lacombe Research Centre Beef Unit of AAFC for animal care, animal management and sample collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494322 The efforts of Chuck Pimm and the Meat Processing staff at AAFC for animal slaughter and carcass data collection are also acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494315 The valuable suggestions of journal reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730122 We are grateful to the donkey owners who allowed us to enter their facilities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494269 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully acknowledge many staff and students of the Animal Welfare Science Centre for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6028921 AcknowledgmentsThe author wishes to thank Alice Crook, University of Prince Edward Island, for discussions that motivated him to write this paper, Rebecca Ledger, Vancouver-based Animal Behaviour Consultant, for much helpful information about dog behaviour, and Massey University colleagues Nikki Kells and Kat Littlewood for clarifying discussion points and Rebecca Olsson for providing extensive practical help during the preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162706 AcknowledgmentsWe wish to thank the research assistants who made this work possible as well as the three anonymous reviewers for the valuable comments that helped improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6115912 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the zoos and their staff for supporting this project, and Ellen Williams for supporting Carolyn in the early stages of data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494450 We would like to thank Mark Kennedy and Maisie Tomlinson for their helpful comments, Jessica Wilkinson for her assistance during the data collection, Marc Bekoff for peer reviewing the key words and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful and insightful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162555 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Francesco Andreucci, for help with the risk assessment, Zoom’s staff, and the referees for useful comments on previous versions of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071241 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Manuel Mengoli for his helpful suggestions and the professional translator Eve Landen for her service of English language editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071241 We are grateful to Anne Boisset for allowing us to work with the parrots from the ASAP Rescue Centre and for her help in the fieldwork. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598690 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank the anonymous referees for helpful comments improving the quality of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494449 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to the Boards of Education of both Kagoshima and Okinawa prefectures for allowing us to collect live newt samples protected by law in each prefecture for the purposes of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262603 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the American Kennel Club for providing access to the data on breed registrations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5615303 Thank you to Troy Kalinowski (CSIRO, Armidale, NSW, Australia), Chris Leigh-Lancaster, and Ian Reilly (Agersens, Melbourne, VIC, Australia) for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5126775 The authors would like to thank ‘Guinea Pig Magazine’ for allowing the questionnaire to be promoted on their social media. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5704113 We gratefully acknowledge the skilled work of Stu Eaton and his team for facility setup, and the AgResearch technical staff which assisted with the data collection, with special mention going to Laura Counsell for her dedicated video watching. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598689 We also thank Evelyn Nimmo for the editing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494442 The author is particularly grateful to Rachel Grant for her constructive comments and remarks. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071184 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the volunteers of “URCA Bologna” Association and the “ATC BO 3” for their help in the sampling process, Stefano Mattioli for the age estimations, and Diana Scorpio for the accurate language revision of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495520 The authors thank Marica Bernstein for initial experimental design and management of raw data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495520 Stephanie Peters, Brian Huber, Adam Metzler, Nathan Smith, Irene Theil, and Kat Cooper for assistance in data collection and animal care, Sergejs Berdnikovs and Amanda Stewart for helpful conversation, and Bruce Jayne for advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495520 They also thank Tony Vannelli for his assistance with computer hardware and laboratory facilities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495520 Two anonymous reviewers assisted with valuable critiques. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4513465 AcknowledgmentsThe author wishes to thank Justin Gerlach for providing the initial impetus to produce this paper and the anonymous referees who provided valuable guidance on this and earlier versions of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867522 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers and Anna Deplazes-Zemp and Nikola Biller-Andorno for their valuable comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494412 The authors would also like to thank Gary Chan and Joerg Henning for their help with the statistical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162755 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Andreas Hagenbüchle and Barbara Ammann Koeberl for their help during the experiments and caring for the pigs as well as Barbara König and Beat Wechsler for commenting drafts of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162755 Further thanks go to Beat Kürsteiner and Urs Marolf for their technical support and Hans-Rudolf Ott for building the experimental pen. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494306 The authors also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494288 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Bernadette Helmer and Lena Stenhaug for assistance with the radiographs, Hege Kippenes for evaluation of the radiographs, and David Griffiths for valuable comments on the English language. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494398 We would like to thank the producers who allowed us to visit their rabbitries. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6115853 AcknowledgmentsWe thank two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful and constructive feedback on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693203 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council (DP130104933 project “Caring for Thoroughbreds: addressing social, economic and welfare issues in international horse racing”) and three anonymous reviewers for their guidance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071148 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Frigorifico Tacuarembo-Marfrig a slaughter house of Uruguay for having allowed the field work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693208 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the faculty, staff, and students at University of British Columbia’s Dairy Education and Research Centre and the Animal Welfare Program, especially Jennifer Beane for her contribution during the data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262583 The authors thank Juan Ortiz for his technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693218 Our thanks also go to Murray and Valecia McDonald; DPaW Yilgarn staff; Peptech Animal Health Pty Ltd for supplying the deslorelin implants; Matt Williams for statistical help; Dale Roberts and David Taggart for constructive comments on drafts of the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693218 Constructive comments from three anonymous reviewers helped to improve this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494373 AcknowledgmentsMany thanks to Dusty Karazan and Cindy Argue for a very helpful discussion; also to members of Compmed, the Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment Forum (LAREF) and the LinkedIn Laboratory Animal Science Group for sharing information about their current practices with me. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494373 Thanks also to Maggy Jennings, Sophie Masneuf and Tony Webb for their helpful comments during the drafting of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494292 Two anonymous reviewers made useful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5532567 We thank all participants of the workshop for the fruitful discussions of this “Robin Hood Model” of drawing revenue from the heavy symbolic use of charismatic species in affluent economies to reduce strain on limited government funds in threatened species′ native ranges that were crucial in developing this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5532567 We are also grateful for insightful suggestions from the Editor and three anonymous referees. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5575568 We especially thank all working horse owners and their families for their contribution to the study and Benjamin Uberti for revising the English of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494427 Glenna Pirner assisted with the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5789300 Bonnie Wagner-Westbrook provided insights into data analysis and interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4810052 The technical assistance of Josephine Mansfield is also gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5532570 The authors would like to thank industry participants and staff and students the Animal Welfare Science Centre for their help with the experimental work and Michael Toscano from the Research Centre for Proper Housing: Poultry and Rabbits (ZTHZ), Division of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Switzerland for his assistance with RFID equipment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494341 AcknowledgmentsThe authors greatly acknowledge Piet Van Laere, Kristien Le Noir and Elke De Smet for their skilled technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5532566 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the many Cetos staff and other researchers or friends who have assisted in data collection, fieldwork, and data analyses and who have provided their support in this study through the years. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162396 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the staff from Hangzhou Zhengxing Animal Industries (Hangzhou, China) for their assistance in the feeding and care of the cows and the members of the Institute of Dairy Science of Zhejiang University (Hangzhou, China) for their assistance in the field sampling and data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494312 Thank you to Art Coquelin, Joel Cowart, Brittany Davis, Holland Doughtry, Alex Folkman, Monique Pairis-Garcia, Megan Place, Garrett Thompson, and Derek Thomison for data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494312 Thank you to Robert Fitzgerald and Caitlyn Abell for their assistance in developing the statistical model. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494312 Thank you to Nicholas Gabler for use of his laboratory facilities and to Martha Jeffery for her assistance in using the equipment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262281 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Michelle Edwards for her assistance in data management and statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5704110 The authors also wish to express their gratitude to Andrew Rowan for his encouragement and insightful feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836036 The author also acknowledges Belinda Lay for proofreading assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162729 We thank Hyewon Cooper, Shannon Conlin, and Carolyne Holland for helping with recordings made in Belize. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162729 The Applied Statistics Laboratory at the University of Kentucky provided consultation on statistical measures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262442 Thank you to Jonathan Campbell for preparation of the audio playbacks used during rearing and to Andrew Cohen-Barnhouse (University of New England, Armidale) for preparation of Figure 2. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5789307 We would also like to thank Zac Economou for his assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025020 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to Callista Anne for her help during fieldwork and to Annik Gmel and Anja Zollinger for their comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495517 We would like to thank Sean Shadomy for his kind collaboration on issues related to cutaneous anthrax, Diana Bensyl for her support during this investigation, Kathy Marshall for her animal agriculture expertise and Andy Mercer and Peter Nettleton for their advice regarding environmental specimen collection and the risk factor questionnaire. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494386 AcknowledgmentsThanks are due to Amelia Maria Riviezzi for expert technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598694 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Holly Bowen for her assistance in the preparation and proofreading of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025337 AcknowledgmentsWe are extremely grateful to our licensed shooter Stuart Green (University of New England) who successfully sedated all kangaroos in this project safely. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025337 We would also like to thank Michał Smielak (University of New England) for assistance with the GPS devices, as well as Stephen Deist (Pacific Vet Care), Tiger Sangay (University of New England) and Rosie Cockshutt for their assistance during fieldwork. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5366840 We thank Kinross Farm in allowing us to use their flocks for data collection and for technical support, the Research Centre for Proper Housing: Poultry and Rabbits (ZTHZ), the University of Bern for loaning us the RFID equipment, Michael Toscano for coordinating this collaboration, Benzing CC and AU for technical support, Gabriella Morello for assistance with MATLAB programming for data analysis, and finally all the staff, students, and volunteers at the Animal Welfare Science Centre for their dedication to setting up equipment and collecting data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071039 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the technical staff from IRTA Monells Albert Fontquerna, Carlos Millán, Albert Brun and Albert Rossell, for their invaluable technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693210 Mike Toscano made useful comments of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5575572 AcknowledgmentsThe author wishes to thank the numerous colleagues and friends nationally and internationally with whom discussion has helped to hone these ideas, in particular Massey University colleagues Ngaio Beausoleil, Craig Johnson and Kat Littlewood, and Nicolas de Graaff based at the Zoo and Aquarium Association in Sydney, Australia, but, of course, the author accept entire responsibility for the content of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5532569 The authors would like to thank industry participants and staff and students from the Animal Welfare Science Centre for their help with the experimental work, Michael Toscano from the Research Centre for Proper Housing: Poultry and Rabbits (ZTHZ), Division of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Switzerland, for his assistance with RFID equipment, and Gabriela Munhoz Morello for developing a macro to aid data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6116162 We would also like to acknowledge Helen Brown (Roslin Institute) and Juan David Arbelaez Velez (IRRI) for their statistical advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981275 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all the staff at the University of Edinburgh associated with the IAWEL (International Animal Welfare, Ethics and Law) MSc for their mentorship and guidance to UK throughout the original project that led to this review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4810050 We also thank the paper’s reviewers for their valuable input which strengthened the paper and to the editors for their patience during the revision process. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5742787 AcknowledgmentsAuthors wish to thank all the professional and not professional breeders and their dogs who allowed to carry out this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4773738 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Sandy Monterose, Malini Suchak and three anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262429 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank James Oxley and Clare Ellis for their support and comments in the early stages of planning this project, in addition to the RSPCA, RWAF and everyone else who helped to advertise the rabbit breeder questionnaire. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262429 Thank you also to Peter Craigon for proof reading an early version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867525 The authors also acknowledge the donation of chicks and technical support from our poultry industry stakeholders. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5575576 We thank Jesse Robbins (UBC Animal Welfare Program) for his help at the outset of this project and Katelyn Mills (UBC Animal Welfare Program) for her comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5946130 RWA activity recording was done using equipment from the Department of Geology at University of Duisburg-Essen. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5532565 AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the assistance of Miranda Mortlock for input on government matters and preliminary statistical analysis, Michelle Rice for assistance in data collection, Geoff Davidson for rescue organization data in New South Wales, and Linda Marston for input in the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6070783 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Linda Jacobson from The Toronto Humane Society for input into the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4885119 We would like to thank all of the participants who spent their invaluable time to fill in the questionnaires. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867519 We wish to thank Jim Lea, Troy Kalinowski, Damian Mowat and Jackie Ouzman for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4513473 Authors thank the Agricultural and Resource Economics seminar participants at the University of Sydney for their helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4513473 We are particularly grateful to Irene Hoffmann at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) who read and provided thoughtful comments on several rounds of drafts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4513473 The manuscript has benefited from the three anonymous reviewers' comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494310 The authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of quality assurance staff of the abattoir for data collected at the slaughterhouse. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494310 Thank you to authors that collaborated and helped with the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4773739 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Michael Yapko for his comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4773739 We would also like to acknowledge the anonymous reviewers for the valuable feedback on an earlier manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494358 We would like to thank the people who contributed to discussions about wildlife warning sign designs; your thoughts and ideas were very valuable. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494358 A special thanks goes out to Renée Chapman for giving feedback on the structure and wording of the public opinion survey and discussions about Likert scales. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494358 Finally we would like to thank the Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads for providing images of current wildlife warning signs and the Western Australia Police for allowing us to incorporate their photograph into one of the alternative sign designs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5035953 AcknowledgmentsWe are especially grateful to Massey University colleagues Ngaio Beausoleil for input on the Five Domains Model and the format of Figure 1, Associate Professor Paul Chambers for guidance and detailed advice on the actions and pharmacokinetics of analgesic drugs, and Naomi Cogger for guidance based on her extensive experience with working farm dogs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494384 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank technical staff and students at the Animal Welfare Science Centre for assistance in data collection and animal care. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494443 We thank the design students mentioned in Figure 2, and Koert van Mensvoort for allowing us to show outcomes of Next Nature. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494443 We also thank four anonymous reviewers for their swift, constructive and helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6210031 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the undergraduate students who helped with bird care and data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6210433 We thank Dirk Albers of the “Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen” (Oldenburg, Germany) for supporting us with questions to the topic pasture management and advising us with ideas of the actual practical cow management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6210433 Many thanks go to Barbara Hohlmann from the Georg-August University (Göttingen, Germany) for assisting us in the pasture species assessment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4961998 Many thanks are given to Grainne Cleary for the provision of and assistance with the BioTag smartphone application, and Siti Amri for her guidance with the ArcMap software. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867527 The authors are grateful to Sarah Brocklehurst, Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland (BioSS) for her support and guidance in experimental design and data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5126768 The technical assistance of Emmy Bouwman and Josephine Mansfield is also gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494406 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Mike Appleby for initial edits and comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494329 AcknowledgmentsWe wish to thank Christine Baes (SUISAG, Sempach, Switzerland) for proof reading and Carmen Yvonne Ostertag for support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5575574 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank New Zealand Thoroughbred Racing for provision of the data and Geordie Rogers for his assistance with data processing and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4552214 We received the assistance of UQ Gatton's statistical advisor, Allan Lisle, and are also grateful to Anna Olsson from Portugal, who was unable to return enough respondents to be included in the survey, and Hans Petter Kjaestad from Norway for his assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836034 Thank you to Lewis Bizo for discussions on cognitive testing in laying hens and to Julie Roberts and Isabelle Ruhnke for assistance with brain extraction. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836034 Thank you to Grahame Chaffey, Camille Normant, Mark Porter, Florian Ruhnke, Isabelle Ruhnke, Nischal Sharma, and Jenny Whittig for assistance with bird husbandry, and Jess Burton, Samantha Robinson, and Shalanee Weerasinghe for assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6070781 I also thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful criticism. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495511 We would like to thank our anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and helping to make this a stronger paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025282 AcknowledgmentsWe are particularly grateful to Rivalea Australia for their technical support and use of their facilities and animals. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598703 We are also grateful to the technical staff at Dairy Research and Technology Center, University of Alberta, for their help and care with the cows. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025305 We thank all horse owners for allowing the participation of their horses in the study and, especially, Gian-Luca Tanner and Melissa Wohler for their support with the handling of the horses during data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494294 We would also like to gratefully acknowledge Ian Fillery and Ramona Jongepier for their major contributions to the field work involved in soil carbon sampling, as well as Morgan Sounness and Adrian Anderson for providing access to their farms. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981277 We also thank Meiyu Hao contributed analysis for Figure 9. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494435 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Guillermo Pérez for his assistance during manuscript preparation and the two anonymous reviewers for their comments on this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494418 We are very grateful also for the practical support from shelter, administrative staff and volunteers at RSPCA Queensland’s Wacol Animal Care Campus and to the adopters who participated in the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494418 We are also very grateful to a number of very kind and generous academic and industry professionals in the fields of advertising, marketing and questionnaire design who gave their time, skill and support to advise us in these areas. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494391 We also wish to thank Christian Wöhler and Arne Grumpe (both TU Dortmund) for their support with statistical analysis (Hough transform). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4997273 AcknowledgmentsWe were assisted in wild dog trapping by officers from Gold Coast City Council, Moreton Bay Regional Council, Sunshine Coast Regional Council, Townsville Regional Council and the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262568 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank the vehicle drivers who participated in the study and the feedlot operators who allowed the researchers access to the sheep and vehicles at the time of loading. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5332929 The authors also wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of Sophie Horth, Fiona Rioca-Lang, Megan Bouvier, Brenda Sawatsky and Angela Vanelli Weschenfelder. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5332929 Special thanks go to Steve Méthot for his help with the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5742781 Thanks are also due to an unknown reviewer for Animal Cognition who did not comprehend the arguments and stimulated their expansion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262432 We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their positive and helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494364 Special thanks to Alex Mirontshuk for data collection and summary and training of staff. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598704 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the staff from Teagasc, Ireland at the Animal Production Centre, Athenry and the Dairy Production Centre, Moorepark for provision of the endometrial samples used in Study 1, in particular Richard Fitzpatrick, Dermot Morris, Joe Patton and John Murphy. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598704 We are also grateful to Sally Kirton for undertaking the histological analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5946139 Moreover, the authors wish to acknowledge Andrew Rowan for his encouragement and insightful feedback, as well as two anonymous reviewers for their well-considered comments and criticisms, all of which led to a greatly improved manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494365 The authors thank Nora Tane for data collection and for follow-up interviews, and David Harris for invaluable assistance with data entry. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693205 AcknowledgmentsThe author thanks the editors of this special issue for the opportunity to contribute here, and two anonymous contributors in providing constructive and informative criticism of an earlier draft. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867521 We thank Jim Lea, Tim Dyall and Amy Bell for their technical assistance and Ian Colditz for his valuable input. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4297419 We would like to acknowledge all netball players who were willing to volunteer for this study and took time out of their busy training schedules to participate. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494368 We also thank the staff of the experimental unit ‘Unterer Lindenhof’ for animal care and the support during experimental procedure, Karin Hartung and Joanna Fietz for statistical advice and Helga Hägele, Sybille Knöllinger and Petra Veit for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494368 Furthermore, we thank Susanne Katharina Hemschemeier for valuable comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262459 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the SRUC technical and farm staff for their support in conducting the experiment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494387 AcknowledgmentsThank you to Katie Cantrell, Janki Desai, Kate Hartcher, Sarah Rouhan, Ashley Scott, Debbie Taylor, Mary Hopkins and Sue Neal for research and reviewing assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6086170 We would also like to thank the family members of the children who participated in this study and the Government of Pakistan for their help in reaching these rural communities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5126766 We also thank Rachel Grant for her helpful comments for improving the manuscript and guidance on multivariate regression analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162680 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to acknowledge Gonzalo Lara Yáñez for allowing access to the records of Chinchillas from his farm. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5704111 AcknowledgmentsJulie Bird (RIRDC) provided guidance, advice and, above all, leadership, and Clive Richardson (MINTRAC) worked tirelessly to engage industry support for this project and facilitated access to abattoirs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262562 AcknowledgmentsThe author would like to thank David Bowles, Paula Sparks and a third unnamed person for invaluable discussions about Brexit and animal protection and for very useful comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262562 The author would also like to thank three anonymous reviewers and the editorial team at Animals for very useful comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162402 The authors are also grateful to Anthony Green for his assistance with the editing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5295152 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Marc Cattet, Chris Darimont, Pauline Feldstein, Paul Paquet, Sadie Parr, and Dwight Rodtka, for thoughtful conversations, and three anonymous referees for their helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5615298 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank RSPCA Queensland and Sheila Collecott for their valuable assistance in providing the data and information of the management of shelters. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5615298 The authors would also like to thank Corinne Alberthson for advice on study design and methodology, and for her assistance with the descriptive statistics. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5742783 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful thank to Brazilian Airport Infrastructure Company (INFRAERO) for allowing us to take the survey in the Airport of Florianópolis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5742783 Also Angélica Roslindo for the help during the data collection phase. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5483604 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank the numerous colleagues and friends nationally and internationally with whom discussion has helped to hone these ideas, but, of course, the authors accept entire responsibility for the content of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5946134 AcknowledgmentsThe assistance of CSIRO library services and suggestions from several anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494424 My thanks go to the individuals in those organizations, especially John Martin, Peter Mason and John Schofield, and also to Peter Beatson, Wendy Koch, David Bayvel and Grant Shackell for their invaluable insights and comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598713 We gratefully acknowledge the staff of the Experimental Station of the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI) in Brunswick for their excellent help in animal care, sample collection and data collection as well as the laboratory staff of the Institute of Animal Nutrition in Brunswick. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494339 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thanks Laure Le Paih for the graphs, Laura Clover and Stan Wrobel for their help improving the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6210737 Finally, we thank Verena Lietze for the professional language editing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730118 They also thank Miriam Levenson for proofreading and English language correction. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5295155 AcknowledgmentsThe authors appreciate the assistance of Luiz Carlos Ajala, Édio Luís Klein and Dirceu da Silva, for data collection at the slaughter plant and laboratory analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5295155 Many thanks also go to Neville George Gregory and Luigi Faucitano for the critical review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495510 Comments from reviewers significantly improved this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836037 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the SPCA Serving Erie county for allowing us to access their PetPoint database to collect the data reported in this study and their continuing support of our research to better the lives of shelter cats. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262428 The authors would like to thank Lillian Robertson for edits and comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4810047 Thanks to Guy Forrester for statistical advice, Phil Cowan and Dave Morgan for their improvements to drafts of the manuscript and to Leah Kearns for editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867520 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the tenants, landlords, and property managers who shared their experiences so openly. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262558 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are grateful to Christina Mcmanus for reviewing and editing this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693207 Kim Nairn is thanked for allowing the use of pigs in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693207 Penghao Wang is thanked for statistical advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5742785 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the Ridley Agriproducts for their generous donation of the enrichment blocks for this research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6211081 We also thank three anonymous referees for their helpful comments that improved the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494307 The cooperation of graduate and undergraduate farmers, trucking companies, and processing plants during data collection is greatly appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494307 Glenna Pirner helped with the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598696 Thanks also to Holly Bowen for her assistance with formatting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598696 This paper has been greatly improved by the insightful comments of two reviewers to whom we are grateful. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730119 The authors are grateful for the comments of two anonymous reviewers which improved the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494413 The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for giving their valuable time to comment on, and improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494332 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dilumix (Leme, SP, Brazil) for processing and donating the fiber sources, and for partially financially supporting the experiment, and Panelis (Diana Group, Descalvado, São Paulo, Brazil) for their technical contribution and donation of the palatability tests with dogs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494332 The authors would also like to thank Jeff Wilson from USDA-ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research Center for the particle size analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598695 This paper has been greatly improved by the insightful comments of two reviewers to whom we are very grateful. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494454 The authors appreciate the generous help from an anonymous referee for careful language editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4552209 I am indebted to Bernard Rollin, and other delegates at the Minding Animals Conference in 2009, as well as to Adrienne Sørensen, for a number of useful suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494277 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the Born Free Foundation for funding and Ros Clubb, David Main and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on drafts of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494388 We extend thanks to Kenneth Boykin, Michael Calkins and Timothy Frey for assistance and advice throughout this project, to Mark Anderson for making available computing equipment and lab space, and to Darin Kopp for assistance preparing maps. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4929419 Adam Grogan provided helpful comments on a draft of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494309 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are grateful to Daniel Weary for comments on draft versions of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4880849 We would also like to thank Aidan Davison (University of Tasmania) for his advice and insights that have assisted in improving this paper and the three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693197 The authors also gratefully acknowledge the generosity and help of the farmers who allowed the protocol to be tested on their farms, and the stakeholders for their important contribution to the development of the protocol. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494453 We are also extremely grateful to all the experts who took part in the consultation process, including Don Broom, Sarah Lambton, David Mellor, Christine Nicol, Christopher Wathes, John Webster, Claire Weeks, Becky Whay, and during the external review: Chris Atkinson, Alison Bond, Alice Clark, Marc Cooper, Madeleine Crawley, Dorian Cross, Iain Rogerson, Andrea Stanley, Jessica Stokes, Julia Wrathall. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4839106 We wish to thank all participants for their engagement with this methodology. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494398 Finally, we extend our thanks to the reviewers for their suggestions on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494286 We are also grateful to Richard Wrangham for his helpful comments and suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5946136 We thank Martin Family Farms for allowing us to use their facilities in Experiment 2, especially Jorden Guldner and Andy Schnepp for their help during the experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981287 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are grateful to the Breeders Association of Friuli Venezia Giulia Region (AAFVG) and the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Friuli Venezia Giulia (ARPA FVG) for the technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5082305 AcknowledgmentsIn addition to numerous colleagues and friends nationally and internationally with whom discussion helped to hone these ideas, the author also particularly wishes to thank Ngaio Beausoleil and Kat Littlewood (Massey University), Barbara Cartwright (Canadian Federation of Humane Societies), Arnja Dale (Royal New Zealand SPCA), Adam Grogan (RSPCA UK) and Bidda Jones (RSPCA Australia) for helpful input. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494335 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully acknowledge the editorial assistance of Lynn Cole in the preparation of this review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494335 We also thank four anonymous referees for their feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494323 The authors gratefully acknowledge technical advice received from Keith Lassey, César Pinares-Patiño and Garry Warghorn from New Zealand. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494323 Thanks are also due to Amabelia del Pino and Leticia Martinez for chemical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494326 AcknowledgmentsThe authors kindly acknowledge the valuable feedback on the manuscript obtained from Peter Lund and Troels Kristensen, Aarhus University. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836025 We furthermore are indebted to the four anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions helped improve and clarify this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5789296 We would like to thank Katharina Wagner and Frauke Geppert for their support in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262486 AcknowledgmentsSpecial thanks go to Landwirtschaftskammer Kärnten, Daniel Bogner, and Giovanna Bertoldo for their contribution to data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494285 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge the WU-ASG farm managers and their staff for their co-operation, Ineke Wisse for instruction on AP localization, Hilde Duns and Lesley Zwart for assistance during their internship, and Simon Oosting and colleagues from the WU Animal Production Systems group for advice on statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494285 We thank I-health® Systems for supplying the measuring equipment free of charge. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981286 Manuel Stephan Krommweh is acknowledged for technical support and comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6070861 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Beat Wechsler, the editors, and two anonymous reviewers for commenting prior drafts of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6070861 Our thanks are also going to Andreas Hagenbüchle and Barbara Ammann for taking care of the animals, Hans-Rudolf Ott for construction works, and Urs Marolf, Markus Giger, Beat Kürsteiner, Thomas Hämmerli, Patrick Jenni, and Jerome Maag for their technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5035950 The authors would like to thank the horse owners who made this study possible by granting access to their horses and Simon Palmer who provided the video footage used for synchronization with the heart rate traces. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5946127 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Stefano Sportelli for providing invaluable technical assistance in the laboratory. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494369 Special thanks to Alex Mirontshuk for data collection, summary and training of staff, and to Nora Tane who assisted with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730120 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank MHJ Agroteknik A/S for the development of the water-heated brooders and the technical support during the installation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730120 We also thank Laura Alicia Gonzalez for her statistical advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4552204 We thank Dave Parsons, Michael Soulé, and Bonnie Fox for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494316 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully acknowledge: individuals who generously shared their time as participants in this study; Elisabeth Ormandy for comments on an earlier version of this paper; and the valuable feedback from three anonymous reviewers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495512 The authors would like to thank Rachel Siemens for editorial comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693217 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Victor Spain for his thoughtful comments on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262488 AcknowledgmentsWe thank farmers in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for sheep raising and sample collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262488 We thank Emily Aston for editing the English in the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5295154 The authors also thank the independent reviewers of this paper for their invaluable assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5332931 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of quality assurance staff of the abattoir for data collected at the slaughterhouse. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494361 AcknowledgmentsSincere thanks are extended to Victor Chan, Elaine Wu and Cathy El-Hinn for their assistance in bylaw data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494361 Nicole Fenwick, Carol Morgan and Howie Harshaw are kindly acknowledged for feedback on the original manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494361 Three anonymous reviewers are thanked for their constructive comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494367 Grateful thanks to Will Hoppitt for advice on statistics and comments on the methodology; to Somui Cheung for translation of Chinese news reports and to three anonymous reviewers, whose comments greatly improved the submission. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494275 The authors also recognize the technical and professional support provided by IRDA research staff (Jean-Pierre Larouche, Cristian Gauthier, Lise Potvin, Jacques Labonté, Martin Gagnon and Michel Côté). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494275 The statistical expertise provided by Michèle Grenier and the revision made by Matthieu Girard are also acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6115924 We thank Manoj Prasanna for arranging the farm visits and Shashi Ekanayake for assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867529 Lynn Cole is warmly thanked for her advice on the planning of this workshop and her editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071078 AcknowledgmentsWe thank József Topál, Róbert Bódizs, Ferenc Gombos and Judit Abdai who were authors to the publication that served as a basis for our analysis in Study II. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071078 We are further grateful to Ádám Miklósi for allowing us to use the facilities of the Family Dog Project, and Márta Gácsi for useful advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6116011 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Amanda Embury for developing the first iteration of the process that formed the basis for the development of the current assessment method. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495516 The National University of Laos provided technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495516 We thank Vincent Nijman for useful advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162608 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to acknowledge the technical support provided by Dominic Niemeyer. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162608 In addition the authors wish to acknowledge Alison Small and Dana Campbell for their comments and suggestions on improving this manuscript prior to submission. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494273 AcknowledgmentsThe author would like to thank Giorgio Masoero for his statistical expertise and the revision of the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025144 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Sheila Collecott and her team for providing the data for analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5332927 The authors also wish to acknowledge Zulkifli Idrus, Duong van Nhiem, Pongchan Na_Lampang, and Wang Yan for coordinating data collection in their respective countries. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4552206 I am grateful to the conference organizers and participants for helpful discussions about the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4552206 I am also grateful to the anonymous reviewers of the paper for their helpful suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5483607 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Jelena Ovari, Leah Schutt, Jutta Hammermueller, Brandon Lillie, Maegan Melillo, and Erin Cummings for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5483610 AcknowledgmentsWe thank four anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494403 We would like to thank Annemarie Baars, José Lozeman- van ‘t Klooster, and Peter Hesseling for their technical support during the procedures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494408 Authors are thankful to T Fyfield of the Agricultural Research Council in editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4552205 Thanks are due to my Supervisor Jennifer Barrett, for discussion of this paper, as well as to the Postgraduate students in the Department of Museum Studies, University of Sydney. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071086 AcknowledgmentsMany thanks to Fabienne Delfour and Heiko Rödel for previous discussions of the concepts presented in this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494296 AcknowledgmentsThe author wishes to thank Teton NewMedia and Colorado State University for the generous use of the images contained in this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494338 Ian Russell-Jones contributed to data collection and management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494338 We are grateful to the following individuals for access to zoological collections: Hein van Grouw (Naturalis Leiden), Daphne Hill, Paula Jenkins, Louise Tomsett (Natural History Museum London), William Stanley (Field Museum of Natural History Chicago), Adri Rol and Vincent Nijman (Zoological Museum Amsterdam), and Malgosia Nowak-Kemp (Natural History Museum Oxford). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494338 Two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836027 In addition, the authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494377 The author would also like to thank Maria Teresa Brunetti for her valuable input regarding meteorological observations; Michele Arcaleni and Don Giustino Farnedi for several discussions regarding the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162666 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank all three reviewers for their guidance and encouragement, which improved the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5789309 Moreover, the authors would like to thank Andrew Rowan for his encouragement and insightful feedback, as well as two anonymous reviewers for their well-considered comments and criticisms, and two colleagues for advice regarding statistical analysis—all of which led to a greatly improved manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5483605 I thank the three referees of this manuscript and the Editors for their assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4880850 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Laura Haigh for her assistance in preparing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071015 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are extremely grateful to Professor David Fraser for his constructive comments on early versions of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025020 We thank Tierpark Dählhölzli Bern, Parc d’acceuil Pierre Challandes, Wildpark Bruderhaus, and Wildnispark Zürich Langenberg for their help and access to the animals. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4495515 AcknowledgmentsThanks to Alan Pearson, from the Joanna Briggs Institute, University of Adelaide, for his helpful suggestions on a previous version of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5789301 The authors also thank the poultry industry for graciously supplying spent hens and technical support for the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836029 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Paardenslachterij van de Veen, Havenstraat 3, 3861VS Nijkerk gld Holland for the use of their facility and cadaver preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836029 Equine Studies The Netherlands for logistical assistance and resources. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494395 We would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494311 The graduate and undergraduate cooperation during data collection is greatly appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6204044 We thank them for collaborating in the founding of the SRC and for their committed work in offering students this unique learning experience. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6210294 We also thank Michael Stachowitsch for editing the text. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598705 A great thank you to the anonymous reviewers who preciously helped us to improve this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598705 We are grateful to Sara Ricchetti and Madeleine Ward for revising this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494317 We thank Megan Matheson, Kara Gabriel, Briana Bauer, Erica Dunayer, Laura Burwell and Sofi Bernstein for comments and advice on designing the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494317 We would also like to extend our acknowledgement to Masayuki Nakamichi, Kazunori Yamada and fellow students of Osaka University, and Hajime Tanida, Aya Iwamoto and Aira Seo of Hiroshima University for their insightful feedback on the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494317 Finally, we thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for taking time to provide constructive comments and suggestions on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494437 The ABBBS supplied metal bands. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4513462 The authors are indebted to Marianna Mea and Cristina Gambi (DISMAR, Italy) for providing specimens of Manganonema, to Michele Voisset and Antonio Cattaneo (cruise ERIG3D, IFREMER, France) for support in the sampling activities, and to the crews of the R/Vs Urania and Universitatis (Italy), Pelagia (The Netherlands), Aegeao (Greece) and Pourquoi pas? Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494394 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge the valued contribution of four anonymous reviewers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262550 We thank Dirk Albers of the “Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen” (Oldenburg, Germany) for supporting us in issues of the topic pasture management and advising us with ideas of the actual practical cow management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494459 We also thank Kristin Brzeski for constructive comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4810049 AcknowledgmentsThe author wishes to thank the numerous colleagues and friends nationally and internationally with whom discussion over many years has helped to hone these ideas, but, of course, he accepts entire responsibility for the content of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730121 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Sabine Jacobs for her excellent technical assistance and Wiebke Gentner for proof reading the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494426 Special thanks are extended to Bert Peters and Joe Goodwill for allowing use of their land and cattle. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730123 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to the Organization for Bat Conservation (OBC) for assistance in designing the survey and for allowing us to collect this data during their events. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730123 Thanks to Ellen Searle and Silvia Oriani for assisting with survey data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730123 We are also indebted to OBC for allowing us to collaborate in research promoting the better understanding of bat behavior and cognition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5126769 We appreciate the comments of three anonymous reviewers, whose suggestions helped improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981280 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to express our gratitude to the anonymous reviewers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981280 We are grateful to Heran Zheng from the University of East Anglia for the constructive suggestions and to Zhao Zheng, Sun Bo, Liu Mengjie, and Feng Ji from Beijing Forestry University for helping in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162419 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Yong Feng Zhang for the guidance and technical assistance provided during the laboratory work and Hong Bo Wang, Li Xiaoxiao and Peng Tang for performing the blood sample collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494314 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to and John Tezza for allowing us to conduct the research on their property and to Sergio Acuña Ballesteros for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494314 Finally, we would like to thank Evelyn Nimmo for editing the English of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598688 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to gratefully acknowledge all colleagues at SRUC and the University of Edinburgh, as well as Kees van Reenen at Wageningen University and Xavier Boivin at INRA for their helpful comments on this manuscript at various stages. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6211037 We are very grateful to the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on a previous draft. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5615301 The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5615300 We thank Aki Tanaka for assistance with the epidemiological and statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6071001 We would also like to thank the two anonymous reviewers that helped us to improve this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025636 We would also like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for very helpful recommendations to improve the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4997274 We wish to thank our anonymous reviewers for their encouragement to publish this paper and for their criticisms that helped in achieving a substantive result. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5615297 We gratefully acknowledge with our sincere thanks, the preparation of the manuscript, assistance in searching the literature and the handling of all correspondence carried out without compensation by Mary Morris and Laura Shelton. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494455 AcknowledgmentsI would like to express my gratitude to Anna Olsson and Peter Sandoe for their constructive comments and criticism on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025414 We thank Margaret Slater and Emily Weiss for guidance on this project, Miranda Spindel for her contributions and Brian DiGangi for his support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4598711 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6162740 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank all the students who filled in the questionnaire and the people who helped in the collection: Lorenzo Palandri, Laura Menchetti, and Martina Iaboni. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4513470 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Nancy Douglas for her assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6025537 The authors gratefully thank Julio Benavides for providing histological sections of rumen samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5906508 We are grateful to Yuko Okudaira for excellent technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5818575 The authors would like to thank Aki Kimura at the Institute of Clinical Research, Kure Medical Center for her superior work with the OSNA assay and the Department of Diagnostic Pathology for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5216091 We thank the medical staff of the Department of Breast Surgery of Kyoto University Hospital for their help in the recruitment of patients and collection of samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5996004 We would like to thank Niphix for managing the data collection; Satoshi Morita for the data analyses; EPS Corporation for site monitoring; and Kyoto University, Niphix, and coordinating investigators (Masakazu Toi and Norikazu Masuda) for the overall coordination of the trial. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5996004 The authors wish to thank all the sites that participated in the study (Supplementary Material S10) and Akira Shimizu (Department of Experimental Therapeutics Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital), Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Takashi Inamoto, Akira Yoshioka, and Hajime Abe for their guidance in managing this physician-driven registration study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4623073 We gratefully acknowledge the valuable technical supports by Miss Yuka Nishizono and Miss Mika Tokunaga throughout the course of the current study and during the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5818576 The authors thank Chiaki Matsuyama and Ayako Shimizu for their advice and technical assistance with immunohistochemical staining. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5996009 The authors acknowledge Miss Yu Fujishiro for data collection and management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4174092 AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to Valentine Starovoytov (Rutgers University) for his help in sample preparation and TEM imaging. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4278691 We also thank Daniel Grisham for assistance with image processing and analysis, Patrick Nosker for the amyloid peptides, Michele Vittadello, Hiroshi Matsui, and Michael Kopka for access to AFM, data collection, and assistance with analysis, Smita Patel for access to fluorimetry, Jonathan Boyd from Leica-Microsystems for access to confocal microscopy, and Srinivas Annavarapu for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4046793 Additional thanks are offered to the IBM Semiconductor Research and Development Center in Fishkill, New York, for access to the FIB resource. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4660389 The authors acknowledge supercomputer time provided through XSEDE Allocation Grant MCA05S028 and the Blue Waters petascale supercomputer system (UIUC). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4660389 All authors wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4046776 AcknowledgmentsWe thank James Hall, Bruce Cornell, and Jan Behrends for insightful discussions about our data prior to publication. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4482421 The authors thank Alyssa Panitch, Joyce-Cheung Flynn, and Padmini Komalavilas for their input on experimental study design. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4278685 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Brett Gyarfas, Nathan Newman, and Predrag Krstic for useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4334232 Nathaniel Kinsey is acknowledged for edits and general comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4046782 We thank Steven Glenn Plonk and Andrew Mackenzie Blair for their assistance in manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4278418 We thank Claes Thelander for fruitful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4415455 All authors performed work on manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3102291 We also wish to thank Thomas Hermann, Mark Laskovics, Christoph Flamm, Chad Schwartz, Randall Reif, and Daniel Binzel for their insightful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4537113 We thank Pingsheng Liu (IBP, CAS) for helpful discussions and access to equipment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4004321 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Marek Romanowski, Gabe Orsinger, and Mary Kay Amistadi for assistance in UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometry and ICP-MS. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2828182 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Greg Underhill for help with Q-RT-PCR, Sandra March for help with the western blots, Margarita Akiyama with toxicity analysis, Erika Batchelder of the Keck imaging facility at the Whitehead Institute at MIT for help with transmission electron micrographs, and Muthiah Manoharan and colleagues at Alnylam for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2731514 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Karen Rufus from Vanderbilt University for providing the TEV proteinase expressing strains, Debra Sherman from Purdue University for EM imaging, Anne Vonderheide from University of Cincinnati for valuable comments, and Virgil Schirf (UTHSCSA) for assistance with the analytical ultracentrifugation experiments at CAUMA. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4212785 We thank Katy Forest for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4004315 Ernst Stetter for front-line technology development necessary for the project and Britt-Marie Nilsson and Anna Veljanovska Ramsay for expert technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4072409 Lee for scientific discussions and insightful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2990273 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Anne Vonderheide for her insightful comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4046798 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Jeannie Haak for assistance in manuscript preparation and Luda Shlyakhtenko for AFM imaging at the Nanoimaging Core Facility supported by the NIH SIG program and the UNMC Program of ENRI to Yuri Lyubchenko. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3403312 AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge measurement time at the fluorescence spectrometer from the Zhang lab, the software support from Andreas Hartmann and Steffen Hahn to this work, as well as Michal Bledowski for his help with the oxygen concentration determination. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4485956 We especially thank Christos Tserkezis and Javier Aizpurua for providing additional simulations and many helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3971963 Thanks go to Zdenek Benes for technical support with electron-beam lithography. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3971963 We thank Olivier Martin (EPFL) for the use of the setup for the spectral characterization of electroluminescence as well as Jacopo Brivio and Simone Bertolazzi for technical help with the MoS2 transfer. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2811423 The authors also wish to thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive suggestions that, we believe, helped improve this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3667633 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Huaming Fang for his work in virion assembly activity assay, and Jeannie Haak for editing this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4071109 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Michael Brenner, Todd Gingrich, Sharon Glotzer, and Patrick Varilly for useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4310637 We acknowledge the support from the Nanoscale Imaging, Spectroscopy, and Properties Laboratory (NISPLab) at the University of Maryland Nanocenter. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3043607 The authors thank Hong Zhou for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4046784 We thank Xiaobu Ye for help with statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4212800 We thank all Fernandez lab members for helpful discussions and critiques. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4660391 We thank the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center Tissue Bank for human plasma samples, and the Indiana University Electron Microscopy center for assistance with transmission electron microscopy imaging. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4133994 We thank the Koch Institute Swanson Biotechnology Center for technical support, specifically the microscopy, flow cytometry, and histology cores. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4004317 We thank Fabrice Giusti for the gift of APol (A8-35), BAPol, and FAPolNBD, as well as for his guidance for the synthesis of FAPolA647. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4310632 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Eckart Bindewald for helpful discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4004294 We thank Frauke Christ, Rik Gijsbers, and Jan De Rijck for critically reading the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4123720 All authors thank the E-MRS for supporting Symposium Q at the Spring conference 2013 (Strasbourg, France) where the idea of this Nano Focus article was conceived. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4514220 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Viktor Atalla for fruitful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4690194 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Arjen Kamp for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3558021 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Wolfgang Caliebe (DESY-HASYLAB) for experimental support and granting access to the very last photons from storage ring DORIS before its final shutdown on October 22, 2012 . Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3558021 We further acknowledge Ruslan Ovsyannikov for experimental support, Roland Resel (TU Graz, Austria) for support in unit cell determination, and the HZB for granting access to beamline HE-SGM and to the optics beamline (SurICat), as well as the HZB and DESY for travel support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4278693 The authors also acknowledge instrumental and technical support from nanoPAM Inc. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4212791 The authors thank the Integrated Molecular Structure Education and Research Center (IMSERC), the Quantitative Bioelemental Imaging Center (QBIC), and the NUANCE Center at Northwestern University. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4287417 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Maximilian Seuß for help with particle size analysis in Igor Pro and Sebastian Koch and Martin Schieder for assistance with the thermal treatment for the shell removal of the particles. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4122703 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Vineet Gupta for fruitful discussions, and Lesley Cowan for proofreading. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5534269 Special thanks go to Marc Degelaen, for his vital contributions in both data acquisition and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4745439 AcknowledgmentsAuthors are grateful and highly indebted to the reviewers for their encouragement and positive suggestions and comments which led to the improvement of the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4745439 The authors are also thankful to the editor for giving us an opportunity to revise the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4766317 The authors thank the professors and faculty members in Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Jilin University) for providing a lot of valuable technical support and help especially in the experiment and test of system prototype. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6011123 AcknowledgmentsThe support with the data preparation by Dominik Huber is appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6081538 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to express their gratitude to the Portuguese Shooting Federation for providing access to the shooting range and all the necessary logistics, and to the athletes for their contribution and participation in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6008620 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of Teri-Lynn Herbert, MS, MLIS, for her assistance in creating the database search strings and Heather Bonilha, PhD, CCC-SLP, for her guidance on conducting PRISMA methodology. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4967666 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the Advanced Electronic Materials Laboratory and Precision Instrument Center of National Pingtung University of Science and Technology for supporting the experimental equipment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4745430 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are grateful to both the reviewers and the editor for their comments, which have served to improve the present work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4997010 The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Health, Welfare & Family Affairs, for allowing them to perform this research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6109511 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Heather Salzer for her contribution to the data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4621852 The company’s representatives (Mette Barendorff Kerrn, Mette Bendixen Jensen, and Iben Angelica Nørrevang) discussed the study design through periodic meetings with the investigators without influencing analysis and interpretation of data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1563470 The authors wish to thank the Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry for providing permission to modify data presented at the 11th Arctic Ungulate Conference in Saariselkä, Finland in 2003 . Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6032785 We thank the student participants for generously providing feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3247111 We thank all panelists and conference participants for their contributions to the Symposium and discussions summarized in this report. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6128366 We also thank the participants in the Tackling Typhoid meeting in London, March 10–11, for their comments on our preliminary presentation of this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6086164 We further thank Caroline Jones, Lisa White, Wirichada Pan-ngum, Ben Cooper, Qhayiya Magaqa, Proochista Ariana, Vicki Marsh, Phaik Yeong Cheah, and participants of the Oxford Tropical Network 2016 Conference, the Mathematical and Economic Modelling Group Journal Club at the Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, and at the Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit for helpful discussions and feedback. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5581243 The authors thank the participants of the 2016 Standards, Precautions, and Advances in Ancient Metagenomics (SPAAM) conference for their thoughtful comments, ideas, and suggestions, as well as Floyd Dewhirst at the Forsyth Institute for providing helpful information about the Human Oral Microbiome Database. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5126769 We thank the participants for providing insights into meat chicken management perceptions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4046793 AcknowledgmentsFacilities used for this work were supported by Yale Institute for Nanoscience and Quantum Engineering and CRISP. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4552214 The authors acknowledge the considerable input of Jia Meng in the design of the study, management of overseas collaborators and collation of the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836027 AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge the participants of the Think Tank, for their comments and insights on the original internal review document and their contribution to the discussions of ethical decision-making in animal welfare innovation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4660391 conducted cell culture studies, established miR-10b overexpressing cells, carried out statistical analysis, RNA extraction from various biological compartments including PDAC and CP patient samples and normal control samples, and qRT-PCR analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4212796 We thank the Sarkaria lab at the Mayo clinic for providing the GBM6 cells. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4745428 The authors acknowledge R&D Center of Changchun FAW Group Corporation for collaboration on FEM analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5142377 Authors’ contributionsSM, JM, and FM participated in the development of the study design. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4837555 Special thanks to the oncologic nurses Brit Hausken Haddeland and Marit Kristin Bjelland Lund who greatly contributed in the study by collecting data and supervising the I CAN participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4994315 The author(s) would like to acknowledge and thank all of the participants for taking part in the investigation and a special thank you to David Hodgson for his technical support and expertise throughout the testing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4407777 The authors thank the technical staff in the School of Science and Health at the University of Western Sydney who contributed towards the laboratory setup and Skins™ for supplying compression garments used in the study at no expense. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5011798 The authors would like to thank the farmers and their veterinarian Heli Nordgren for providing the samples, Päivikki Perko-Mäkelä for performing pathological and histological analyses, the staff of Evira’s diagnostic laboratories in Seinäjoki, Kuopio and Helsinki for the laboratory analyses and Taina Laine and Sinikka Pelkonen for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4879734 Authors’ contributionsSBC conceived of the study, participated in the design, carried out the interviews, performed the main analysis of the interviews, participated in conceptualizing the ethical implications and drafted the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4879734 JL participated in the design of the study and analysis of the interviews, and helped drafting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4587880 We thank the farmers for participating in this project, and Agneta Boström and Beate Hillman at SLU, and Desiree Jansson, Eva Westerberg and Sigbrit Mattson at SVA, for laboratory assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5930909 We thank all the staff of the DPM who contributed to the development of the protocols and to the data collection and visual inspection, as well as the interviewees for sharing information on their experiences; the data clerks, mystery shoppers, drivers and administrative assistants who made the survey possible. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5930891 Acknowledgments:We thank the study volunteers and the anonymous reviewers for providing suggestions to improve the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3247111 We thank Mike Palmedo and Meredith Jacob for helping us organize the conference. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3973523 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank Clare Hurley for editing the manuscript, Sabine Furere for assistance in organizing data collection, and Godelive Kashama and other interviewers for assistance in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4530758 We also thank Angel Suárez Montalvo and Jessica Montero from the Army Health Command (COSALE) for their help with patient management and interviews and Hugo Valdivia, Julio Ventocilla, and Edson Maguiña for their support with field work as well as Wendy Leung and Ellen Jones for critical review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5544092 We also thank Kathy Mccoll for her many helpful comments and suggestions, as well as all the nurses who were involved in the study and all the high school students who voluntarily participated in the survey. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4824218 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank Harrington lab members Summer Santos, Sylvie Pitcher, Susan Villarreal, and Phanidhar Kukutla for expert help with rearing, mating, and dissecting mosquitoes; Ryan Smith and Peter Atkinson for use of the DsRed strain; Francoise Vermeylen for statistical counselling; Nicolas Buchon for microscope use; and Cole Gilbert, Talya Shragai, Susan Villarreal, Mariana Wolfner, and Laura Sirot for invaluable feedback during manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3752804 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank Lim Hwee Hua, Amy Khor, Ngeow Pack Hua, Arthur Fong, Ong Kian Min, and Teo Chee Hean for assistance during the study; the staff and students of the Environmental Health Institute for providing field and laboratory assistance; Professor Chia Kee Seng for providing technical advice; and the volunteers for participating in the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5928836 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all the participants of the study in Um el Kher, Sanger, Basunda, Kersyba, Rymila, Tabarak Allah, Barbar el Fugara, Bazoora, Altoobal Ahmar, and also the community workers that facilitate the interviews and discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3366547 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the many investigators, data collectors, and field supervisors who contributed to the collection and analyses of these data, and the community members who participated in or otherwise contributed to these studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4190460 The authors would like to thank the students and teachers who participated in the study and BioMed Proofreading for editing the final version. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6173872 We would like to thank:- Athanasios Soulos for his advice on and help with recruiting the study participants,- Christina Alexander and Sarah Wennefehr for the fast and accurate transcription of the interviews,- Kimberley Petersen for text editing the manuscript and- all participants for their time and efforts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5031323 JCGJ interviewed the teachers and analysed the interviews in close collaboration with SJvL. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4947354 SM provided supervisory oversight, conducted University A interviews, participated in data analysis and helped to draft the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4625577 The authors thank the GP supervisors who participated in the study, their practice managers for facilitating the timing of the interviews and Beyond Medical Education administration staff for their assistance, and Drs Louise Stone and Susan Wearne for their mentoring and advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5782368 Thank you to the study participants and those who helped facilitate data collection or gave permission for use of materials. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2711071 We thank the simulated patients who braved the experiment, students and tutors who reviewed the videotapes, IMU Research and Ethics committee for funds and Dr Ray Peterson, Director MBBS Program and Head of Medical Education, Mayne Medical School, Queensland for reviewing the final draft of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4997670 We would like to thank Lisette van Hulst for her writing assistance and for editing the manuscript, and we would like to thank the participants for their time and willingness to share their videotaped observations with the researchers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5009635 GB recruited participants, conducted semi-structured interviews and transcribed the verbatim. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5111213 They also thank Olivia Lombard and Judith Sultan, medical students who collected the data as well as all the tutors and students who participated into the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5382527 We would like to thank the students who participated in this study and Tineke Bouwkamp-Timmer for her constructive comments on several drafts of the manuscript and editorial help. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4869369 We would also wish to thank simulator instructors and students that participated in the study as well as the simulation centres that facilitated data gathering and welcomed the researchers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4560073 SD’A carried out the clinical evaluation and anthropometric measurements of volunteers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4060373 We thank Robel Vásquez for his valuable contribution to laboratory work, especially for the preparation of plasmid clones for sequencing and for the synthesis and purification of individual aptamers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4871072 We thank members of the Friedrich lab for fruitful discussions, Peter Buchmann for technical support, and Robert Prevedel for comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5905931 The authors would like to thank to Adrian Reumueller for his assistance with patients, Hannes Stegmann for his help in performing measurements in healthy volunteers, Antonia Lichtenegger for useful discussions and the whole engineering department of ImagineEyes especially Jigan Lu and Lionel Nicolas. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3269850 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Cheng lab members, especially Rui Zhao for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5518107 We thank all patients and their rheumatologists for participation, the members of the SCQM axSpA scientific board for contribution to x-ray scoring and helpful discussions, and the entire SCQM staff for data management and support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5932798 The authors wish to thank the patients and medical staff for their contribution to the study, and Nan Li from Perking University Third Hospital and Yan-Fang Ye from Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital for their statistical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4674918 The authors thank the Raine Study participants for their ongoing participation in the study; the Raine Study Team for study co-ordination and data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2374445 The authors thank Judy Hankin and Judy Snaddon for co-coordinating the recruitment of participants for this study, Bebe Loff for advice regarding medical ethics, and Flavia Cicuttini for support and advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4579831 We thank all the study participants who made this study possible and all the staff in the hospital operating theatres who assisted us with collecting samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5461675 The authors thank the participants and the study center staff for making this study possible, Uta Kießling and Christine Gräfe for expert assistance with ANA measurements in Dresden, and Thomas Illig (Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany) for a critical reading of the manuscript and helpful discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5015325 The authors would like to thank the study participants; the staff involved in the collection of blood samples; Professor Göran Hallmans at the Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, University Hospital, Umeå for providing samples from the Medical Biobank; and Professor Lars Klareskog, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Professor Johan Rönnelid, Uppsala University, Uppsala and Mrs Monika Hansson, PhD, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm as well as Thermo Fisher Scientific Sweden for collaboration with the antibody multiplex analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6009044 The authors thank the patients and medical staff for their contributions to the study and Yan-Fang Ye of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital for her statistical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4422595 We thank the patients for their contribution to this study and thank all the members of the lab for their stimulating discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6247522 The authors wish to thank the patients and medical staff for their contribution to the study, and the 106 related centers of Nagasaki University, Shinshu University, Kanazawa University, and Nagasaki Medical Center for their assistance with patients’ data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4704541 We also thank Jeremy Bickel, Robert Maki, Michael Moore and other members of the Robert Darnell laboratory for critical discussion and review of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1526593 We thank the patients and their families for contributing to this study and the clinical staff for help with collection of samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2374460 The authors are very grateful to members of the Wagner laboratory for critical reading of the manuscript and helpful comments, and they thank Hannes Tkadletz for help in preparing the illustrations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4493817 The authors thank all members of the Biobanco-IMM from the Lisbon Academic Medical Center, for the work spent to separate blood samples and fill multiple worksheets containing relevant patient data and Renato Mendonça Borges for the assistance in designing the workflow figure. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1526586 We wish to thank Lawrence Gelbert, Kevin Duffin, Peter Mitchell, Mark Rekhter, and members of the functional genomics group for helpful discussion, and the members of the Shou laboratory for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2745794 The authors thank Michael G Kattah, Alvina D Chu, Cindy Limb, Peggy P Ho, and other members of the Utz laboratory for technical assistance and helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4448322 The authors wish to thank patients, research nurses, and research technicians for their contributions to the study; Holger Bang at Orgentec (Mainz, Germany) for producing recombinant vimentin; and Sabrina Haag at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, for providing recombinant α-enolase. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4481118 The authors thank all the patients, investigators and support staff who participated in the study; Christoph Combescure, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Health and Community Medicine, for his critical input on data analysis; Danielle Gascon and Chantal Pahud, study nurses; Stéphanie Lopes, Rui Ribeiro and Dany Minetto, graduate students, and Ilias Lazarou, Division of Rheumatology, for their help in patient recruitment and clinical assessment; and Pascale Roux-Lombard, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, for nephelometric studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4802885 We thank all the rheumatologists and patients involved in the study for their participation, the members of the SCQM axSpA scientific board for contribution to pelvic x-ray scoring and helpful discussions, and the entire SCQM staff for data management and support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1297572 Thanks are also given to Marie Nadeau for technical assistance, and the staff at the Human Nutrition Research Center Nutrition Evaluation Laboratory and the Tufts New England Medical Center Clinical Laboratory for hematology and chemistry analyses; to the General Clinical Research Center nursing staff for assistance with the study procedures; and to our volunteers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5932888 We appreciate the technical help that Helen Weedon, Lorraine Angelillo and Anna Hughes kindly provided for the IHC analysis of synovial tissue biopsies from patients with early RA. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4411723 We thank Carmen Pena-Pena for technical assistance, Manuel Calaza for help with data management and members of Biologics in Rheumatoid Arthritis Genetics and Genomics Study Syndicate (BRAGGSS) for their patient data and sample contribution. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1065331 We thank members of the Brenner laboratory for useful discussions and reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4907128 AcknowledgmentsMany thanks to Lyons lab members who provided helpful feedback on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6247757 We thank Tony O’Grady, Chiara DeSanti, and Alex Eustace for help with various aspects of the project and members of the Hopkins laboratory for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494327 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Liz O’Byrne for her invaluable assistance in the laboratory. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2575608 We thank members of the Robinson laboratory and Elizabeth Chlipala (Premier Laboratory) for their scientific input. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1796612 We thank Mathieu Blanchette and Hervé Philippe for organizing the conference on phylogenomics, which spurred the present work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6050697 We thank INDIGO FITNESS CLUB ZURICH and ACTIV FITNESS ZURICH for allowing us to recruit participants from their centres. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1174957 We thank Dr David Hercelin MD DEA, Dr Daniel Myhal MD, and Dr Sophie Roux MD PhD for their contribution to patient recruitment and follow-up. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4863338 We thank Cornwall Hospice Care, Hospiscare Exeter, North Devon Hospice, St Luke’s Hospice Plymouth and Rowcroft Hospice for their help in recruiting participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4693200 AcknowledgmentsWe acknowledge the assistance of Anita Dockner (Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria) with the laboratory analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4743205 We thank children of Karuss Elementary School in Kristiansand, Norway, for participating in the study and teachers for making available the testing location. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1526575 We thank also Yolanda Lopez-Golan and Fina Meijide for their help in recruiting study participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5366839 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are grateful to the volunteers who assisted in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 548277 We thank all the students who participated in the study and provided feedback on the analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6116025 AcknowledgmentsThe assistance of Beef Improvement Opportunities with genomics, the support of the Maritime Beef Test Station (Nappan, Nova Scotia, Canada), and the support of the Immunology lab from Qiumei You (University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada) are acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4973041 We are very grateful to all who participated in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project, and the staff of our department who conducted the interviews and collected the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4631825 We are grateful to Ludek Tikovsky, Harold Lemereis and Thijs Hendrix for taking care of the plants, to Alexander Förderer and Fang Xu who assisted with xylem sap collection and Myriam Clavijo for generating the SIX2 knockout. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6210294 We are further grateful to AVIS van rental Port Elizabeth and Pickfords Port Elizabeth for generously supporting our field research with an impressive fee reduction. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2877869 We are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them, and the entire ALSPAC team, including interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists and nurses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4991060 GO and JJA supported the inclusion of participants and CBT performed observations and interviews. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5977471 We also wish to thank the Departments of Rheumatology at Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, and Køge Hospital for assisting with the recruitment of participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4652456 The authors wish to thank all players that participated in this study and the help of the following students in performing the measurements: Dominique Senn, Miryam Leyrer, Kenny Bosmans, Martina Buël and Judith Odermatt. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5404682 We also thank the veterinary students Ole Christian Kjenstad and Pauline Birgitte Ulvig Kiær (Norwegian University of Life Sciences) and Trygve Vik and Jørg Vik for help during the experiments, as well as Eva Marie Breines, Ellinor Hareide (UiT-The Arctic University of Norway) and Karin-Elisabeth Holmgren (Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Tromsø, Norway) for excellent help in the laboratory. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4775894 We also thank the district health teams, the facility- and community-based health workers, and the mothers and children who participated in the various evaluation activities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3078325 We are grateful to the study participants and would like to thank Jon Johnson at the Centre for Longitudinal Studies who has provided data along the way. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5649081 We also thank Ran Matudaira, Manami Seki and all members of the Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine for the recruitment of study patients. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5747186 We also thank all of the directors and managers at the dental hygiene at university hospitals for their help for recruiting the research participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4879734 The authors would like to thank the interviewees for sharing their stories and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2241837 Thanks to the student volunteers that helped with training and handling of the horses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5492706 CD participated in designing and conducting the face-to face interviews. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3748499 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors thank the caretakers and children who participated in this study and the investigators and staff at the GEMS sites for their hard work in mastering the study protocol and procedures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1526645 They thank also Yolanda Lopez-Golan and Fina Meijide for their help in recruiting study participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4856627 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the technical experts who provided support to one or more phases of the study, the researchers who shared their questionnaires with us, and the participants in the project workshop that was held in Geneva to discuss the data collection process, interim findings, and potential implications for dissemination and next steps. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4357242 The Indonesian Institute of Sciences is acknowledged for supporting IS-L at International Rice Research Institute. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5485577 The following program directors have volunteered to join the OPDSG to explore further efforts proposed in this manuscript and agreed to be identified in this publication. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3795101 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank Marcia McKenzie (Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre) and Nancy Carey (Department of Food Science, Cornell University) for diligently assisting in purchasing and shipping of the microbiology laboratory reagents and supplies, Rukundo Kambarami (Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University) and Dadirai Fundira (Zvitambo Research Project) for the dedicated efforts in infant observation and data collection, and the study participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4775896 Finally, we thank the hard work of the data collectors, data managers, and families who provided the information used in this evaluation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5929207 Acknowledgments:We thank the study participants in the multicenter trial and the study teams for permission to use the data for this analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4015583 We thank the hamlet health workers who recruited participants and collected samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4155546 We thank Rose Minja, Hery Mwandolela, and Ally Mtoro for safety review of volunteers during the trial and pharmacist Abel Mdemu for verification of formulation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5303052 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the staff of Innovations for Poverty Action, Kenya, who supported this research and our enumerator team and study participants for their help with the study; Seth Irish and Tom Clasen for providing us with fly species identification materials and information; and Sania Ashraf and the WASH Benefits, Bangladesh team, for sharing their fly tape procedure. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5929190 Acknowledgments:We also thank the following for their valuable help and contribution for this study: Consultant microbiologists, physicians, and medical staff of the hospitals where samples were collected for the study; research assistants involved in sample and clinical data collection; study participants; medical laboratory technicians who performed the IHA antibody tests at the Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo; and scientific and nonscientific staff of Genetech Research Institute and Genetech Molecular Diagnostics division. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3541746 We thank the trial volunteers, the staff from the Clinical Research Centre Nijmegen, and the staff from the RUNMC Pharmacy who made this study possible; Wendy Arts, Nanny Huiberts, Chantal Siebes, Marlou Kooreman, Paul Daemen, and Ella Driessen for reading many thick smears; and Gheorghe Pop for his cardiac monitoring of the trial volunteers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4350569 Most of all, the authors thank the health surveillance assistants and health staff who participated in the study and continue to provide services to sick children in hard-to-reach areas. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5928816 Acknowledgments:We thank the families of the communities of Santa Clara de Nanay, Santo Tomas, and La Union enrolled in the MAL-ED study for allowing us to visit and collect the samples analyzed here, as well as the dedicated members of the PRISMA team working with JHSPH in Iquitos. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5483605 The descendants of Lunaat’ and of the Jacquot brothers in Haines, Wells, Klukwan and Juneau, “children of noble grandparents” including the first author of and her extended family, honored me with traditional and modern stories from their Tlingit and French-Alsatian heritage, cultural wisdom, and inspiration. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6278117 The authors would like to thank participants and deans for participating in this survey, and staff members at each institution for administering questionnaires. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5462564 We also thank participants for useful comments and suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3820324 We also thank the numerous field teams and participants involved in primary data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4596612 Above all, we thank the HSAs and district-level MOH staff who participated in the study and who continue to provide services to sick children in hard-to-reach areas. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5723088 The authors would like to acknowledge and thank the students who participated in providing feedback on their TBL experience. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2912574 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the children and their guardians who participated in the study, the nurses and clinicians in the pediatric research ward at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi, and Elizabeth Molyneux who provided data from a series of patients admitted to the same ward with bacterial meningitis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3886430 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank The Carter Center technical advisors Kristen Grenon, Amélie Cardon, Nicole Weber, Bronwyn Nichol, and Katie Schlaudt, their drivers, field supervisors, and village volunteers whose tireless efforts under difficult conditions contributed to the establishment and operation of the surveillance system generating the information that led to our understanding of dracunculiasis transmission in Chad. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4832521 The authors wish to thank the students who took part in UMUST and participated in the subsequent evaluation of the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1590009 The authors wish to thank the medical students who participated in the development and evaluation of NUDOV as well as the contributing patients and hospital staff. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4946087 The authors wish to thank the Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia, for funding the project; all students who participated in the study; Dian Apriliana Rachmawati (DAR), Suryani Yulianti (SY) and Ika Rosdiana (IR), research associates of the Medical Education Unit (MEU) of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, for their assistance in conducting the study, and Angelique Heuvel for English editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4572680 The authors wish to thank professor, MD, Hans von der Maase, for assisting with the acquisition of data from the Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital and all medical students and hospital physicians who participated in the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4261576 The authors thank the University of Bristol final year medical students of 2011/12 who participated in and provided feedback on the curriculum change. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494440 The authors thank the farmers who participated in the survey and Jonathon Kenneally who assisted in gathering the questionnaire data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4691585 The authors thank all the affiliated institutes participating in the Breast Cancer Registry of the JBCS for their efforts to register the patients’ data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5123271 We would like to thank all participants of this study for their generosity in providing detailed information and insightful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4462076 The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of their respective departments, the students who participated, the people who donated their time to be interviewed, and the health professionals who facilitated their recruitment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5106772 The authors extend their gratitude to the medical students who volunteered to engage in the Depth of Field: Exploring Ageing session and generously share their learning experiences through written reflections. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5781312 The authors appreciate the support by the statutory health insurance company, the job centers, and the general practices with regards to the participant recruitment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4684924 The authors acknowledge the important work conducted by student and graduate volunteers in the implementation of questionnaires across medical schools. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5351171 Thanks to our colleagues Siw Rottem, Hanne Bråthen Hansen and Anita Refsland at Southern Norway Hospital Trust, Kristiansand for recruiting participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4995635 Thanks to colleagues at Health Education Kent Surrey and Sussex, the South Thames Foundation School and individuals at each NHS Trust for their support and help in disseminating questionnaires to participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6195953 The research team would like to sincerely thank all of the student participants, the older patient participants, the research assistants who helped with data collection and the clinicians who scored the KCSA’s. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6245780 The authors wish to thank all the students who participated in this study, and acknowledge Professor Eva E Johansson and Professor Susan Phillips for their advice and input. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5698949 We want to thank the patients and GPs who gave permission to use the recordings of the consultations for this study and are indebted to Ingrid Hoeks, Kiki Hohnen and Mieke Zinn for their contribution to the translation of the MITS. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730122 Special thanks goes to Francesco Tozzi who patiently helped us in recruiting Italian donkey facilities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4929419 Rosalind Shaw assisted with fieldwork, and several other members of WildCRU, together with family and farming friends, helped with piloting the survey. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494444 Justine Vallieres, Andrew Huang and Emma Strazhnik are thanked for their skilled assistance as interviewers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6006583 Furthermore, we would like to thank all the medical students who helped to spread our survey and those who participated in it. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1796603 Finally, we thank the referees for helping establishing the high standards of these conference proceedings. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5615441 The authors would like to thank all students, who volunteered to participate in the study, and Andreas Möltner, who recommended the use of ANCOVA for the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5359964 FC filled the case report forms of the systemic sclerosis patients and the healthy volunteers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5680783 The authors would like to thank Suzanne Mobbs for assistance with publishing modules as SCORM packages, Niki Fardouly and Forrest Duxbury for assistance with the Echo360 Active Learning Platform, and all of the students who participated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4940847 The authors thank the study participants and University staff involved in the development of study tools, pretesting and piloting. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6157778 The authors wish to thank Dr Mital Shah for his contributions to the collection of patient and control data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2546412 Also, we gratefully acknowledge contributions from participants at presentations at the Econometric Society Australasian meetings, the Australian Health Economics Society and the International Health Economics Association meetings and two anonymous referees. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5483605 Alaskan fishing families, especially the Chris McDowell, Tom Brayton, and Joyanne Bloom families, helped me learn about Alaska fisheries in ways that I would never have known as an academic fisheries scientist. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4603990 Additional thanks go to Michelle Gerke, John Mitrofanis, and Suzanne Ollerenshaw for volunteering their time to develop the content. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1794534 The authors thank the donors and donors' families for their kind donation of bone tissue used for this study and offer an extended appreciation to the orthopaedic surgeons and nursing staff of the Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma in the Royal Adelaide Hospital for support and cooperation in the collection of femoral specimens and to the mortuary staff of the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science for the collection of autopsy specimens. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4824224 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe would like to thank the JE network reference and national laboratories for their contributions to the JE reference serological panel. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3516252 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank the field workers and study participants in this evaluation for their contributions to the study; and Michael Ritter, Christophe Velcine, and Madame Evelyn for assisting with logistical coordination in conducting the survey. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2212557 The authors thank the donors and donors' families for their kind donation of bone tissue used for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5471953 We thank all patients and healthy volunteers for kindly providing blood samples for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5831607 The authors would like to thank the OAI participants and Coordinating Center for their work in generating the clinical and radiological data of the OAI cohort and for making them publicly available. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5992730 We would like to thank all participants in this study and members of the Hanyang University Rheumatic Disease staff for helping to collect synovial fluid from patients. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6154820 We are especially thankful to the healthy volunteers for the donation of blood. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3391057 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank all the volunteers who participated in this study; Valérie Lameyre and Brigitte Charron from Sanofi Aventis for providing some managerial support and monitoring the study; Mamadou Balla Cissé, a pediatrician from Sikasso, Mali who served as the study medical monitor; the data management staff of the Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Bamako, Mali for managing the clinical date and the Regional Hospital of Sikasso staff, Mali for their great collaboration during the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5493076 The authors would like to thank study participants and the staff involved in the collection of data and blood samples and Professor Göran Hallmans at the Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, University Hospital, Umeå. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2829920 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all participants in the training courses, in particular Julie Copelyn, Amber Seigel, and Mahala Buckley, who evaluated the course. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6235215 We thank the OAI participants and coordinating centre for their work in generating the clinical and radiological data of the OAI cohort and making them publicly available. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5126766 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all of the participants who allowed their dogs to take part in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1779393 We also thank all of the members of the laboratory for their excellent animal care. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2592807 The authors would like to thank members of the Robinson laboratory for their scientific input. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4702383 The authors appreciate the assistance of Dr Mitra Nadali, Dr Lovisa Leifsdottir, Dr Jan Bjersing and Dr Mats Dehlin, all staff from the Rheumatology Clinics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, for clinical evaluation of the patients. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2453762 The authors thank Michael Doherty for providing the synovial fluid specimens originating from volunteers with normal knee joints, Adrian Robins for the use of flow cytometry, Julie Swales for performing the cytometric bead array assay (Immunology, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham), and Mauro Dionisi (School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham) for assistance with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5251212 The authors thank the study participants as well as the staff involved in the collection of blood samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6081796 The authors thank the OAI participants and Coordinating Center for their work in generating the clinical and radiological data from the OAI cohort and for making them publicly available. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494298 Jonas Schönle performed the emission measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494298 Trevor Petney kindly checked the English. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5093971 YK, YNis and YH supervised the research work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6142694 Surgical treatment was performed by KN and his assistants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5987542 Authors’ contributionsMR, SB, IS and PF planned and designed the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6090331 We extend our gratitude to Ngosse Saolona Galy Bosco, the regional health minister for Sud-Ubangi Province, DRC, for his assistance in collecting the packages from his region. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6020287 Betsy Anagnostelis and Steven Bembridge – library, logistics and IT support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5415715 Analysis and interpretation of data: UST NB MV. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300023 Analysis and interpretation of data: JvdB, CV, DJ, AS, OA, KL. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5251232 Analysis and interpretation of data YK, YZ. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5644130 Analysis and interpretation of data: MD, ZZ, TG. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5897983 YZ carried out the Analysis and interpretation of data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6260846 Analysis and interpretation of data: YH. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6230289 Analysis and interpretation of data: JQ, CZ, XL. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3191448 AcknowledgmentsThe S2 cells and media were kindly provided by Benjamin Blehm and Paul Selvin (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5013578 Analysis and interpretation of data: IC, TP, YY and SC. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5059943 Analysis and interpretation of data: CB, SL, TS, DF, AD, SS, M-CB, SR and BRL. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4975917 Analysis and interpretation of the data: YM, AZ, AR, JL and AS. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5301322 Analysis and interpretation of the data: HAR, PJH, DDG, JS, AS, MBU, and ZT. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4890286 Analysis and interpretation of the data: SM, LA, XW, MZK, AM, IM, AM, AB, and WME. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5331713 Analysis and interpretation of data: AFar, GP, DHD, ER, SQ, MY, ARV, AFag, SM, MT, SL, and GAF. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5264298 Analysis and interpretation of data: SGD, RH, MHA. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5470230 Analysis and interpretation of data: AD, BE, CCG, GD, KS, MD, MPC, NC, RA, and TP. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5471667 The initial study drug diclofenac was provided by Novartis as a donation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3854894 pipiens pallens from Japan and Tara Thiemann and Sarah Wheeler (Center for Vectorborne Diseases, University of California, Davis) for providing specimens from the Heronry/Davis and Roseville populations, respectively. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2374469 All of these contributions were invaluable for the setting up of the database used in this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3748502 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe investigators are grateful to the participants and field workers and supervisors, for conducting the interviews and quality control. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494401 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the staff at the City of Sacramento’s Animal Care Services, and especially Laura Warner, for all their great work, including their willingness to help generate data reports and for their patience while Ann Therese Kommedal was counting cats and asking countless questions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5483459 The assistance in carrying out the experiments and data recording by the staff of the Plant Breeding Sector of the Agricultural Research Institute is acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6018488 Polina Zabizhko (Kiev, Ukraine) is appreciated for the assistance with the photographs in the fields in June–July 2016. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3867115 The Q-RT-PCR studies were performed at the Jo lab and his assistance and the assistance of his lab members especially Andrew Cromwell is appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3708130 We greatly appreciated the support of the entire staff of the Station de biologie des Laurentides (Université de Montréal) and of Nicolas Bélanger (TÉLUQ, Université du Québec) for his advice on and help with soil analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3355569 We are grateful to Sutton Mooney for critically reading the manuscript for this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3995057 The Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Germany, is acknowledged for performing the Sanger-based sequence analyses of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5704110 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the staff and volunteers of the Merrimack River Feline Rescue Society, both past and present, for sharing the organization’s various records documenting their TNR work in and around Newburyport, Massachusetts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 200993 AcknowledgmentsThanks to Kathleen Fry, MD past president of the American Holistic Medical Association for allowing CS to survey AHMA members at their annual scientific assembly. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4351698 We wish to acknowledge the work of Malcolm Hunt, Van Nguyen and Sean Pywell from ACER in annual analysis of data and reporting to the GAMSAT Consortium. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6210305 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank all the undergraduate and postgraduate students who participated in research related to sheep transport and meat quality between 2005 and 2016. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4080550 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors thank the volunteers who participated in this trial as well as the following colleagues who made important contributions: Russell Olson and Thomas Tsakounis for their participation in the current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) rederivation/manufacturing of the TDEN live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) and Tanya Cook, Stephen Stanley, Sherwin Sapasap, Sutana Bethancourt, and Amy Dean for the MN testing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3820338 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors thank the 100 volunteers who helped in the tests of reproducibility of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3748500 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors thank all study participants (children and caretakers) and all workers of the Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça for their help in obtaining the data, and the Centre for International Health Research in Barcelona and Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine for encouraging the realization of this project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5366833 neuropeptides in the posterodorsal medial amygdala modulate central Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5981284 AcknowledgmentsThe authors sincerely thank all the shelter staff and volunteers, and the veterinary team at the participating veterinary clinic for all their hard work and important contributions to the implementation of the TTNR programme. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4494342 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are indebted to the organization that allowed us to follow their puppies and raisers for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5126838 Authors’ contributionsMJ was involved in sample collections and MJ, LVM, KW, IP were involved in FTIR proceeding; TG, MES, MD, RLS designed the study and coordinated the study and the laboratory work; MJ, MJG, MD performed statistical analysis and wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5217557 He collected, processed and presented diagnostic information and drafted the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4636809 AN participated in data analysis and presentation, and revised the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5418757 FA and RA, drafted the introduction and wrote the abstract. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6131857 They would also like to acknowledge Elizabeth MacKenzie for her assistance with the review of the titles and abstracts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5405491 The authors express their gratitude towards the Rheumatology Association of the Netherlands for allowing us to collect our data during the conference. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5021446 The author wishes to thank Mark Pauly, Scott Harrington, Greg Nini, Jessica Wachter, and Patricia Born for helpful discussion and suggestions, along with participants at the 2012 American Risk and Insurance Association (ARIA) annual meeting. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4621859 We are grateful to Jackie Stapleton, Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Waterloo, for her assistance with the search strategy, and to Mudathira Kadu, for her assistance in the article selection and abstraction process. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5831216 We would like to thank Onnen Döllefeld for providing insights in his concept of bedside conferences on technical aids in nursing homes and Tobias Lehmann for supporting the one-day multipliers’ workshop. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4934926 I wish to thank the members of the Reproductive Donation Team at both Lancaster University and King's College London, attendees of the Deconstructing Donation Conference at Lancaster University and the 2nd Annual IME conference, who have heard and provided valuable comments on earlier presentation versions of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4291835 The authors wish to acknowledge Dan Sahm and the Eurofins Medinet team for contributing the data from the annual surveillance programs, Steve Brown and Maria Traczewski from Clinical Microbiology Institute for contributing the data from the preclinical study of tedizolid activity, and Sam Bouchillon of IHMA for assistance with database development. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5862208 We would particularly like to recognise the support and advice from Drs Fawzia Rahman, Ben Ko and Gabriel Whitlingum from the British Association of Community Child Health informatics group in developing and proceeding with this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4140054 We thank the education of residents unit of Shiraz medical University for their generous help with data collection and holding the seminar. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3742419 I thank the students in my Hampshire College 2011 seminar on Multimodal Communication for our discussions of current literature and ideas: Elizabeth Braff, Rebecca Gates, Samuel Nordli, Isabel Orden, Jeri Rabyne, Nicholas Rubin, and Claire Wurcer, along with the many students in my 2012 seminar on Urban Wildlife and Behavioral Response to Environmental Change. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2728907 We also thank the participants in the 1999 Tuesday seminar series in the Biological Wing of the Anthropology Department at Harvard University for their supportive and constructive comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4510121 AcknowledgmentThe authors cordially thank Adnan Mannan (Assistant Professor) of the Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, for his suggestions and inspiration during their research proceedings. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5705867 Further, the authors would like to thank the participants of the WAOP-conference (Werkgemeenschap van onderzoekers in de Arbeids & Organisatiepsychologie) for their valuable feedback on the first version of this paper . Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4172927 AcknowledgmentsThe authors are indebted to the participants of their study for their valuable contribution and the organizers of the International Seating Symposium for helping them conduct the discussion forum during the conference. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6064170 We would like to acknowledge Roswitha Halder Tobler of the Bern University Hospital pharmacy department for providing the antibiotic consumption data and Bettina Bächler from our hospital’s medical controlling for providing the annual bed days data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6090369 Acknowledgments:We thank the patients and their families for participating in our study, the physicians and staff of Minami-Ise Municipal Hospital for their efforts in disease control and prevention as well as their support, and Shigehiro Akachi (Mie Prefecture Health and Environment Research Institute) for his technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3414557 We also acknowledge the efforts of Stacey Knobler and Jim Herrington at Fogarty International Center for their support in implementing the conference and summarizing key messages. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5879612 The authors would like to thank Noor Pijls, Jannic van Leendert and Valmire Ibrahimi for their help in designing the posters and flyers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3500506 I also wish to acknowledge comments from participants at the 3rd International Conference on Islam and bioethics, held in Turkey on 14–16 April 2010, in response to my presentation of a shortened version of this paper, especially from Abul Fadl Mohsin Ebrahim. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5585295 The author wishes to thank Fred Keijzer and Hubert Kowalewski for comments on the earlier draft of this paper, and the participants of the 16th Annual Gatherings in Biosemiotics in Prague, where the paper was first presented, in particular Fatima Cvrčková and Stephen Cowley, for the discussion of the issues involved. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1180839 The authors thank Jodi Shorr for production and editorial assistance as well as Kristina Secnik for assistance in obtaining unpublished conference presentations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4415417 Thanks to the participants of the first Passive BCI Community Meeting in Delmenhorst, 2014 for helpful comments on a presentation based on an initial version of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6211494 Results will be presented at scientific meetings and published in peer-reviewed journals. Presentation 5216577 The results were presented in Morris Animal Foundation Research Congress 2011; Portland, USA as a poster and short oral presentation by Isa Immonen. Presentation 6299591 Preliminary results were presented at the 30th Annual Symposium of the European College of Veterinary Neurology, Helsinki, Finland, 21–23 September 2017. Presentation 5452377 Part of the above study was also presented at the European Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging Conference in Utrecht, Netherlands in 2014. Presentation 3886406 This study was presented in part at the 15th International Congress on Infectious Disease, Bangkok, Thailand, held June 13–16, 2012. Presentation 4712551 Previous presentationsWe presented an earlier version of the manuscript as a poster at the 45th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Medical Education in Japan, in 2013. Presentation 5681814 Previous presentationsPresented in oral and poster formats at the 2015 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Annual Educational Conference, San Diego, California, February 26 to March 1, 2015, and in poster format at the 2015 Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting, San Diego, California, May 14, 2015. Presentation 4665923 We presented an earlier version of the manuscript as a poster at the Society of General Internal Medicine national meeting in Denver, CO in 2013, and the American Geriatrics Society national meeting in Grapevine, TX in 2013. Presentation 4552206 This paper was first presented at the inaugural Minding Animals conference in Newcastle, Australia in 2008. Presentation 5741785 The results of the present study have been reported previously at the 53rd annual meeting of Japan Society of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto, Japan, October 29–31, 2015. Presentation 5996009 The results of the present study have been reported previously at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Oncology. Presentation 5791381 The authors would also like to acknowledge that the findings from this work were presented as an oral presentation by LM at the 2016 9th World Congress of Active Ageing, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA. Presentation 5217557 In connection with presentations following this study at two meetings for veterinarians and farmers in Denmark, and for symposia in Romania and the UK, JD received fees for consultancy, travel and accommodation from Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Denmark. Presentation 4897939 Preliminary results were presented as a poster at the 27th Annual Symposium of the ESVN-ECVN, Madrid, 18–20 September 2014. Presentation 5831591 Presented in abstract form at the 50th Edition of the European Veterinary Conference Voorjaarsdagen, The Hague, April 2017. Presentation 6080557 Previous publication of dataThis study was presented as part of an abstract at the 16th ESVCP Congress, September 2013. Presentation 5866510 Prior publication of dataPartial results of this study were presented at the ACVIM congress; New Orleans 2012. Presentation 2206032 This study was presented in part at the 8th World Congress of Veterinary Anaesthesia, 2003, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. Presentation 4350564 This work was presented in part at the 48th Infectious Diseases Society of America Annual Meeting in Vancouver, Canada (October 21–24, 2010; abstract 4212). Presentation 3886421 This study was presented at the Multilateral Initiative on Malaria Pan African Conference, the Zambia National Health Research Conference, and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Annual Meeting. Presentation 5462564 Preliminary results of this study were presented at the Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology (DHCPP) Science Seminar, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Presentation 493274 This paper was presented in part at the Pediatric Academic Societies' 40th Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, May 12–16, 2000. Presentation 5697383 Previous presentationsInternational Conference on Residency Education 2015, Vancouver, Canada, poster. Presentation 4456723 The preliminary results of this survey have previously been presented at the Association for the Study of Medical Education (ASME) Annual Scientific Meeting, Brighton, UK, July 2014. Presentation 4162949 Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the 73rd Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association in Chicago, Illinois, 21–25 June 2013. Presentation 4782342 Portions of this study have been presented at the poster session at the 14th International Symposium on Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease (ISVHLD) in Shanghai, China, 2012. Presentation 5322644 Previous presentationsSociety of General Internal Medicine- national meeting 2016- poster presentation. Presentation 6199751 A previous version of this study has been presented at the Korean Medical Education Conference in June 1, 2018, in Changwon, South Korea. Presentation 5674866 Previous presentationsThe study findings were presented in part at the North American Primary Care Research Group 2016 Annual Meeting, November 12–16, 2016, Colorado Springs, Colorado. Presentation 4848773 Oral presentation at the Association for Medical Education in Europe (AMEE) meeting, Prague, Czech Republic, August 24-28, 2013. Presentation 4690328 Previous presentationsThis work was presented in part at the American Medical Association 11th Annual RFS (Resident Fellow Student) Research Symposium, National Harbor, MD, November 2013. Presentation 4977880 The results of this study was presented at the Royal College of Physician and Surgeons of Canada, International Conference on Residency Education (ICRE) in Vancouver, BC (October 2015). Presentation 4989459 Preliminary curriculum design, without the evaluation results, was presented in poster format at the Society for Teachers of Family Medicine Conference on Medical Student Education, Nashville, TN, January 30-February 2, 2014. Presentation 4373037 Previous presentationsAn oral abstract of this work was presented at the Japanese Society of Medical Education, Yokohama, Japan, July 2012. Presentation 1550230 This work was presented in part at the national meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, Atlanta, GA. Presentation 4551568 Previous presentationsPart of this data was presented at 2014 AMA CMA BMA International Conference on Physician Health: Milestones and Transitions—Maintaining Balance, September 15–17, 2014, BMA House, London, UK. Presentation 1876223 Previous Presentation: This investigation was presented at the Society of General Internal Medicine annual meeting, Chicago, IL, 2004. Presentation 2072940 Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the May 2005 Society of Teachers of Family Medicine conference and the May 2006 Michigan Research Day. Presentation 2329623 Preliminary results were presented at the annual national meetings of the Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM), April 26–29, 2006 in Los Angeles, CA, USA, the Research Society on Alcoholism, June 24–28, 2006 in Baltimore, MD, USA, and the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse (AMERSA), November 2–4, 2006 in Washington, DC, USA. Presentation 2791835 Part of the results of the current study are previously presented at the Sixth BDA International Conference (van Otterloo & van der Leij, 2004) and at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of TripleSR (van Otterloo, Regtvoort, & van der Leij, 2004). Presentation 6154208 A portion of this work is submitted and is accepted for oral presentation (Paper #1225) at The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, Honolulu, HI, May 2018. Presentation 3807703 This study was presented in the XXVIth Congress of the European Association of Veterinary Anatomists, Budapest, July 23–26, 2008. Presentation 6034317 Preliminary findings from our research have been presented at the 2017 American College of Rheumatology Annual Meeting. Presentation 6235230 Part of this study has been presented as a poster at the EULAR 2017 meeting (Madrid), and the XI National Congress of the Italian Society of Immunology, Clinical Immunology, and Allergology 2017 meeting (Bari). Presentation 4392623 Part of this manuscript was presented as an abstract in the 28th Biennial Cornea Conference, Boston, October 18-20, 2013. Presentation 5831858 Preliminary results of this study were presented at the 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) annual meeting held in Washington, DC, USA , and at the 2017 ACR annual meeting held in San Diego, CA, USA . Presentation 4520081 Earlier versions of this work, including the proposal about the contribution of the HVR1 region, were presented at the UKIVAS Lockwood Club in Manchester, May 2013, and at the Northern and Yorkshire Combined Regional Meeting in York, September 2013; many audience members provided constructive feedback and comments at that time. Presentation 6053758 Session: Rheumatoid Arthritis—Clinical Aspects Poster I: Treatment Patterns and Response; poster entitled “Improvement in Overall Work Productivity Among Biologic-Naive Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Tocilizumab Subcutaneous Injection: A Prospective, Real World, Observational Study in Japan”. Presentation 6116544 Parts of this work have been presented in abstract form at a scientific meeting or published as a conference abstract or both. Presentation 193723 This work was presented at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (Prague, 13–16 June 2001) and was published in abstract form in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (volume 60, supplement 1, page 193). Presentation 5786163 The initial draft of this paper was presented at the 2006 Qualitative Research in Mental Health conference. Presentation 1175064 This work was presented at the 24th Annual Meeting of the Society for Medical Decision Making in Baltimore (MD, USA) in October 2002. Presentation 5442854 This work has been presented, in part, at the: Association of Breast Surgeons annual conference, Belfast, UK. Presentation 5594558 The preliminary results of this study were presented orally at a scientific session and as a poster at the ECR in Vienna 2015, ECR in Vienna 2016 and at the RSNA Annual Meeting in Chicago 2016. Presentation 1064099 This work was previously presented as a poster at the 2004 ASCO meeting in New Orleans. Presentation 1064081 This work was initially presented at the 26th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium . Presentation 2688946 It was presented in part at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, San Antonio, TX, USA, 16 December, 2006, Abstract #3501. Presentation 4791863 This study was presented in part at the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Chicago, Illinois, June 1–5, 2012, and at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, San Antonio, Texas, December 9–12, 2010, and December 10–14, 2013. Presentation 1557723 The analyses presented in this manuscript have previously been presented in poster format at the 40th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held in New Orleans, Louisiana, in June 2004. Presentation 5932819 Portions of the results in this article were presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, 6–10 December 2016, San Antonio, TX USA. Presentation 1410769 This work was presented, in part, as a poster presentation at the 2004 San Antonio Breast Cancer Conference. Presentation 5301372 This study was previously reported in abstract and poster format at the American Society of Clinical Oncology 2012 and 2013 congresses in Chicago, IL, USA, and at the American Association for Cancer Research San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium in San Antonio, TX, USA, in 2012. Presentation 1413981 This study was presented in part at The IVth International Conference on Cancer-Induced Bone Diseases, 7 to 9 December 2003, San Antonio, TX (abstract number 67), and at the workshop 'What is New in Bisphosphonates?' Presentation 1851397 This original work was presented in part as an oral presentation in the breast cancer pathology section at the 2004 annual United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology meeting in Vancouver, BC, Canada. Presentation 5699111 This work has been presented, in part, at the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (abstract P5-04-02) and the 2017 American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting (abstract 2340). Presentation 4187249 This work was presented in part in oral form at the 34th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, San Antonio, TX, USA, December 6-10, 2011. Presentation 2614510 The results of the present analysis were presented in part at the American Society of Clinical Oncology ASCO 2006 (Orlando, Florida, USA, June 2–6, 2006), European Society of Medical Oncology 2006 (Istanbul, Turkey, September 29 – October 3, 2006) and San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2006 (San Antonio, Texas, USA, December 14–17, 2006)). Presentation 4674925 DisclosureData on patient outcomes from Study 301, reporting on progression with new metastases or increase in size of pre-existing lesions, were presented at the European Cancer Congress 2013 congress in Amsterdam, Netherlands, abstract 1911. Presentation 5802594 This study was presented as a poster at Erdheim-Chester disease Global Alliance symposium which was held in New York, NY, on 26 October 2017. Presentation 3944658 The data were in part presented at the European Haematology Association annual meeting in Stockholm, June 2013. Presentation 3698537 This work was presented in part as an oral presentation at the 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, San Diego, CA, USA. Presentation 5596389 This study was presented in part at the 2016 American Society of Hematology annual meeting, 3rd December, San Diego, USA. Presentation 4599326 Work was presented at the International Conference of Sarcopenia and Frailty, Boston, MA, April 2015. Presentation 6123948 Some of the results in this manuscript have been presented at the annual meetings of the Canadian Geriatrics Society (2015) and the Canadian Academy of Geriatric Psychiatry (best poster award, October 2016). Presentation 4424447 Some results of this study have also been presented as a congress poster at the “Congress of the German Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics”, September 24–26, 2014, Halle (Saale), Germany. Presentation 1325027 This paper was presented in part at the 2004 American Geriatrics Society Scientific Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Presentation 5430605 This study was presented at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America. Presentation 5946471 Findings from the study were presented in part at the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry Annual Meeting, Dallas TX, March 27, 2017 and at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, London England, July 16, 2017. Presentation 512286 A preliminary report of this study was presented at the 24th Winter Meeting of the Belgian Society for Gerontology and Geriatrics (BVGG) in Ostend, Belgium (February 16–17 2001). Presentation 5756402 DeclarationsPreliminary results of this study were presented at the 2016 American Bone Mineral Research (ASBMR) Meeting. Presentation 5640949 Findings were presented at the International Congress on Integrative Medicine and Health, May 2016, Las Vegas, Nevada. Presentation 5346231 These data were presented by YG as a poster at the American College of Physicians Annual Internal Medicine Meeting (May 5–7, 2016 in Boston MA). Presentation 4428253 A preliminary report of this study was presented in July 2014 at the World Transplant Congress in San Francisco, California. Presentation 5561610 This study was presented at the 2016 Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America. Presentation 4562190 Portions of these data have been presented as posters at the American Neurological Association annual meeting in New Orleans, October 2013 and the American Neuropsychiatric Association annual meeting in Seattle, February 2014. Presentation 529447 An earlier draft of this research was presented at the Eight Annual Research and Scholarly Activities Day sponsored by the NEOUCOM Department of Psychiatry, June 10, 2004 at Akron General Medical Center. Presentation 2748075 This paper was presented at 2006 American Geriatric Society Meeting (Chicago, IL), 2006 Canadian Geriatric Society Meeting (Awarded with the Kaufman Prize, Vancouver, BC), and at the First International Congress on Gait and Mental Function (Madrid, Spain. Presentation 6180527 Portions of this work were presented at the 2016 Annual Meeting of The American Geriatrics Society. Presentation 5114771 NoteAn abstract representing an earlier version of this study was presented at the Canadian Geriatrics Society’s Annual Scientific Meeting in April 2015, and published in the Canadian Geriatrics Journal. Presentation 6236885 These data were presented as a poster presentation at the 2018 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Annual meeting at Chicago, IL, USA. Presentation 6236885 Therefore, some of the text of the study abstract was included in and published as part of our presented abstract at this meeting. Presentation 6191899 Parts of this manuscript have been presented in abstract form at the annual congress of European Geriatric Medicine Society in 2016 (Lisboa, Portugal) and at the Care4 International Scientific Nursing and Midwifery Congress 2017 (Antwerp, Belgium). Presentation 4715290 Preliminary results were presented at the 115th National Congress of the Italian Society of Internal Medicine (Società Italiana di Medicina Interna, SIMI), held in Rome, Italy, from October 25th to October 27th 2014. Presentation 5003904 Part of this work was presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Computers in Psychology in November 2015. Presentation 5809552 Part of this research was presented at the 2013 Society for Prevention Research Conference. Presentation 4792106 Previous presentationsThe abstract of the study was presented as a poster at the 2014 AAO-HNS Academy Meeting in Orlando, Florida. Presentation 3382710 Aspects of this work were presented at the XIII European Meeting on Complement in Human Disease, Leiden, The Netherlands, on August 21-24, 2011. Presentation 5438239 Data from this study have been presented in abstract format at the European Renal Association−European Dialysis and Transplant Association meeting, London, United Kingdom, May 28-31, 2015. Presentation 2991589 These data have been presented previously at the 2008 Annual Meetings of the Renal Association, May 13-15 in Glasgow, Scotland, and the American Society of Nephrology, November 4-9 in Philadelphia, PA. Presentation 3657190 Portions of the work reported in this article were presented at the 18th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, held in Boston, MA, from February 27-March 2, 2011 (abstract 836). Presentation 3392651 A portion of the data presented in this article was contained in a poster presented at the British Renal Society/Renal Association Conference, Manchester, UK, May 17-20, 2010. Presentation 4864446 An earlier version of this paper was presented at AABHL conference in Sydney in September 2013. Presentation 5769756 Part of the present work was presented during the 26th European Meeting on Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection, Paris, France, June 2016. Presentation 4937646 This study won a second-place poster prize in the tumor section of the 52nd Annual Scientific Meeting by the Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine. Presentation 4937677 A part of the outcomes of this study were presented at the 98th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America, Chicago, November 2012 (abstract number: SSA18-08). Presentation 4343070 An earlier version was presented at the 29th International Congress of Occupational Health in 2009. Presentation 3657137 Some of the results were presented at the British Psychological Society's Cognitive Section Annual Conference in 2004, the Cognitive Science Society's Annual Conferences in 2005 and 2006, and the European Society of Cognitive Psychology's Conference in 2005. Presentation 5683545 Part of this paper was presented at the 2nd National Conference of the Association of Laboratory Medicine from Romania, Timisoara, 10–13 May 2017. Presentation 555545 The data and discussion in the manuscript were presented in part at the European Respiratory Society Congress held in Glasgow in 2004 (Abstract P3902). Presentation 2613926 Parts of this study were published as a poster presentation at the SHEA 18th Annual Scientific Meeting (Orlando, Florida, USA, 2008). Presentation 1334214 This work was presented in part at the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, New Orleans, LA, 23–27 May 2004. Presentation 4458342 AcknowledgementThis study was presented as EKMUD 2013 congress, Antalya-Turkey. Presentation 4888423 A part of this study was presented as a poster presentation in the 6th Eurasia Congress of Infectious Diseases, (24–27 September 2014) in Belgrad, Serbia. Presentation 5432981 This study was previously presented in part at the 10th National Meeting of Research in Infectious Diseases, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia, 17–19 November 2016 (Oral presentation #52, Virology Section). Presentation 2708121 Part of this work was presented at the 18th ECCMID (European Congress on Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases), Barcelona – April 19–22, 2008 (poster P 1426). Presentation 4052164 This work was presented in part at the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Aphasia and Cognitive Disorders meeting in Hyderabad, India, December 2012. Presentation 5823530 Previous presentations: an earlier version of this paper was presented as a poster at the Annual Meeting of the Paediatric Academic Societies, San Diego, California, April 2015, and as an oral presentation at the Annual Meeting of the American Cleft Palate—Craniofacial Association, Palm Springs, California, April 2015. Presentation 5891101 Our study was presented in part at the 44th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, Tokyo, Japan on November 19, 2016. Presentation 5325819 A portion of the paper was presented at the 2014 International AIDS Conference, Melbourne, Australia. Presentation 3844205 The present work has been presented in part at the 8th International Conference of Optometry (CIOCV'2011) at University of Minho (9-10 April, Braga, Portugal). Presentation 4132402 AcknowledgmentsThree abstracts based on the results from this study were presented in November 2013 at the American Society of Nephrology Annual Convention in Atlanta, GA, by the Downstate Medical Center team. Presentation 5292179 An earlier version of this work was presented as an abstract at the 3rd Eastern Asia Dermatology Congress, Jeju, 2014. Presentation 6260416 AcknowledgmentsThis work has been presented at the Biochemistry and Microbiology Applied Technologies International Congress (BMAT 2017). Presentation 5904815 Also, they thank ISMRM 2017 Annual Meeting for giving them the opportunity to present their research and to gain insightful advice which helps them to perfect the paper further. Presentation 4068039 AcknowledgmentsPart of this study has been presented at the 8th European Conference on Mathematical and Theoretical Biology and Annual Meeting of the Society for Mathematical Biology, held in Kraków in 2011. Presentation 4158143 An extended abstract was presented in student scientific paper winner session of 2012 Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society in North America annual conference. Presentation 5723939 AcknowledgmentsAn earlier version of this work was presented as a poster at Asia-Oceania Research Organisation in Genital Infection and Neoplasia AOGIN Congress 2016. Presentation 3984816 The abstract was presented at the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, USA, May 2012. Presentation 4142278 AcknowledgmentThe abstract was presented during the poster presentation at the 31st Critical Care Nephrology Meeting, held in Vicenza, Italy, in June 2013. Presentation 4745415 AcknowledgmentThe work was presented at the 6th Conference of the Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, 07–09 May, 2015. Presentation 4310305 Part of this study was presented at the 8th Euro-Asian International Symposium on Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension and Problems of Mountain Medicine on November 9, 2013, at Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Presentation 3652140 DisclosureThe meeting at which the work has been presented is American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Meeting, October 21, 2008, Orlando, FL, USA. Presentation 6241335 AcknowledgmentsAn abstract (#451) with preliminary results of this study was presented in moderated oral presentation at the 43rd IUGA Annual Meeting, June 27-30, 2018, in Vienna. Presentation 5494545 Results were presented at the Annual Canadian Society Geriatric meeting and the Canadian Conference on Medical Education (CCME). Presentation 4487724 AcknowledgmentsThis paper was presented at the XVII World Congress on Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases held in Chicago, IL, USA, September 19–23, 2013. Presentation 4131564 This paper has been presented to the ECSAPS meeting in Pamplona, Spain, 28-29 October 2011, and SIM meeting, Palermo, Italy, 20–22 October 2011. Presentation 3866827 DisclosurePortion of these data was included in a poster presentation entitled “Implications of the 2009 AJCC Melanoma Staging and Classification System for Thin Melanomas” at the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Annual Meeting, March 17–23, 2012, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Presentation 4637018 AcknowledgmentsThis paper was presented at the 2013 AAO-HNSF Annual Meeting & OTO EXPO, September 29–October 2, 2013, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Presentation 3730356 DisclosureThis paper was presented in part at the 51st Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Chicago, IL, USA. Presentation 5350422 The authors also acknowledge that Michelle Chun-har Ng has presented the preliminary data as an Abstract Presentation in the 15th International Congress of Immunology at Milan Italy during 22–27 August, 2013. Presentation 4124780 This study was presented as an abstract at the 3rd National Congress of Laboratory Animal Science, Kayseri, September 26–28, 2013. Presentation 6016177 Part of this study was presented at the 26th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) (Abstract N° 5218, Amsterdam, Netherland, 9-12th April 2016), XX Congreso Nacional Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC) (Abstract N° 370, Barcelona, Spain, 26-28th May 2016), and the 16th International Congress on Pseudomonas (Abstract N° P114, Liverpool, UK, 5-9th September 2017). Presentation 6077654 Partial results of this study were presented as an “oral presentation” in 19th International Workshop on Co-Morbidities and Adverse Drug Reactions; 16th European AIDS Conference (EACS), 25-27 October, 2017 (Milan, Italy). Presentation 5516722 The selected results from the work discussed in the article were shown during the poster session at the BIOEM'2017, the Joint Annual Meeting of the Bioelectromagnetics Society and the European BioElectromagnetics Association Conference, Ghent, Belgium, 5–10 June 2017. Presentation 3956287 A part of this work was presented in Annual Meeting of European Association for Vision and Eye Research (EVER, 2011), XX Biennial Meeting of the International Society for Eye Research (ISER, 2012), and European College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists Conference (ECVO, 2013). Presentation 6236924 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of the preliminary results of the current study was presented in the 12th World Congress of the International Cartilage Repair Society. Presentation 4390612 Parts of this work were presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, June 1st–5th 2011 in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. Presentation 3722795 Conflict of InterestsPart of this study was presented on the Sixth International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing (ICGEC-2012), August 25–28, 2012, Kitakyushu, Japan. Presentation 4978853 AcknowledgmentsThis study had “Best Poster Presentation Award” at TIVA-TCI 2014 4th World Congress of Total Intravenous Anaesthesia and Target Controlled Infusion in oral presentations. Presentation 4324896 The present work was presented in part at the CIOCV2012 conference (Braga, April 9-10, 2011). Presentation 6236669 Also, an earlier version of this work was presented as an abstract at the 2016 annual meeting of Taiwan Society of Nephrology (TSN). Presentation 4071985 This work was presented in part at the 2012 American Society for Neuroradiology Annual Meeting in New York City, NY. Presentation 4084678 The results were partially presented as a poster during the 20th United European Gastroenterology Week, 18–22 November, 2012, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Presentation 6136306 This study was presented at the 17th European Federation of National Associations of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Congress 2016 in Geneva, Switzerland. Presentation 55338 Some of the data presented here were reported in preliminary form at the annual meeting of the federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (Experimental Biology 2001) in Orlando FL (FASEB J 2001; 15: A59). Presentation 122096 Part of this work was presented at the Joint Meeting of the American and Scandinavian Physiological Societies, Stockholm 2000 and the Joint Congress of the European Renal Association and the European Kidney Research Association, Nice 2000. Presentation 4487598 This paper draws from a presentation (Pullin, 2012) at the AAC–RERC State of the Science Conference, and the authors’ doctoral dissertations (Pullin, 2013; Hennig, 2013). Presentation 1796610 An earlier version of the work was presented as a paper at the International Phylogenomics Conference, St-Adèle, Québec, March 2006. Presentation 4506603 Some of the findings in this manuscript have been presented in a poster at Healthcare Infection Society conference in Lyon, France, November 2014. Presentation 5717819 The data from this study will in part be presented at the ECCMID 2017 meeting. Presentation 5898019 This work has been presented at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease 2017 in Vienna. Presentation 5126987 A portion of this work was presented at the annual meeting of the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases in Jeju, South Korea on Nov 01, 2012. Presentation 5828133 The network analysis was presented as a paper poster presentation at the 26th 2016 European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), Amsterdam, the Netherlands, abstract number 1844. Presentation 5828133 The case-control study was presented as a paper poster presentation at the 27th 2017 European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), Vienna, Austria, abstract number 4893. Presentation 4676185 This study was partially presented at the International Health Economics Association Congress on 12–15 July 2015 held in Milan, Italy. Presentation 6038251 DeclarationsPreliminary results have been presented as a poster (P0847) at the ECCMID 2015 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Presentation 5998984 This article is developed from a presentation given by the author at the Progress Educational Trust conference ‘Crossing Frontiers: Moving the Boundaries of Human Reproduction’, held in London on 8 December 2017. Presentation 6182596 Data in this paper were presented as a poster at the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, September 19, 2016; poster ID #MO0280 and at the World Congress on Osteoporosis, March 25, 2017; oral presentation #OC18. Presentation 4744717 Part of the results presented in the article has been presented as an oral presentation at the 24th ECCMID, 10–13 May 2014, in Barcelona, Spain. Presentation 4895287 The case studies presented here were adapted from presentations at 47th Indian Water Works Association (IWWA) Annual Meeting, during a session on Systems Perspectives on Urban Water Quality and Health convened by the United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH). Presentation 5455117 Authors’ informationThe preliminary results of this study were presented as a poster presentation entitled “Cell phone use and related symptoms among adolescents: A survey of 2150 students in Izmir, Turkey” in the 23rd International ISEE Conference International Society for Environmental Epidemiology which was held in Barcelona, Spain in 13–16 September 2011. Presentation 6172753 Previous presentationsA portion of this analysis was mentioned in a podium presentation at the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 2017 European Congress. Presentation 4486693 A portion of this study was presented as a poster at CAP ‘14: The Pathologists’ Meeting in Chicago, IL. Presentation 4526612 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe preliminary results of this study were presented in the poster session at the 31st World Congress of Endourology and SWL. Presentation 5815570 Findings in this article were presented at the National Kidney Foundation 2015 Spring Clinical Meetings, 25–29 March 2015, Dallas, TX, and the abstract was published in Am J Kidney Dis 2015; 65: A8. Presentation 4655788 An earlier version of this article was presented as a poster at the National Kidney Foundation's Spring Clinical Meeting in Dallas, TX, USA, on 26 March 2015. Presentation 5036898 The abstract from this article was presented to the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week meeting, November 2015, San Diego, CA, USA. Presentation 4389165 This case was presented in poster format at the annual meeting of the American Society of Nephrology 2012 (San Diego, CA, USA). Presentation 4792622 AcknowledgementPresented as a poster at the 52nd ERA-EDTA Congress, London, 2015 and published in abstract form. Presentation 4886922 This study was previously presented in abstract form at the 2014 annual meeting of the US and Canadian Academy of Pathology, which was held in San Diego, CA, and has not otherwise been published. Presentation 5162413 This study was previously presented in abstract form at the 2016 annual meeting of the US and Canadian Academy of Pathology, which was held in Seattle, WA, USA and has not otherwise been published. Presentation 4393467 A part of the study was presented as abstract and poster at the Kidney Week of the American Society of Nephrology 2011 in Philadelphia. Presentation 4515892 This study, in part, was presented as an abstract at the American Society of Nephrology 2012 Annual Meeting (San Diego, CA). Presentation 4400486 This work has been presented in part at the 12th Annual Joint Congress of the Société de Néphrologie and Société Francophone de Dialyse (Brussels, Belgium, September 29—1 October 2010) and the 11th Symposium of the RDPLF (Registre de Dialyse Peritonéale de Langue Française) at Montvillargenne, France, April 14–15 2011; a poster presentation of the most significant data was also performed at the 49th ERA-EDTA Congress in Paris, France, on 25 May 2012. Presentation 4389148 This case was presented at the annual New England Dermatological Society Clinical Meeting at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (2014) in Boston, MA, USA. Presentation 4581382 These data were presented as part of an oral poster session at the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week 2014 (FR-PO237). Presentation 5041049 This work was presented at the annual meeting of National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute Cancer Survivorship Research Challenges and Opportunities for the new Millennium, 1999, in Bethesda, and at the annual meeting of The Society for Behavioral Medicine, 1999, in San Diego, CA. Presentation 5746720 Presentation at Meetings: A poster of this work was presented at the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Annual Clinical and Scientific Meeting, Washington DC, on 15 May 2016. Presentation 5746720 An oral presentation of this work was given at the 2nd International Congress on Contemporary Issues in Women Cancers and Gynecologic Oncology, London, England, on 29 August 2017. Presentation 4934589 It was presented in part at the Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM) northwest regional and annual meetings. Presentation 6023352 This work is based on an oral presentation at the 9th International Conference and Exhibition on Chinese Medicine, Ayurveda & Acupuncture Barcelona, Spain, 12–13 March 2018. Presentation 5548228 This article is based upon presentations to the European Society of Cardiology ‘Marfan Syndrome: Novel Insights; Barcelona 2nd September 2014 and the Marfan Foundation 9th International Research Symposium, Marfan Syndrome and related disorders, Paris 25th September 2014. Presentation 6165409 This work was presented as an oral presentation at the symposium ‘Vigne, Vin, Alimentation, Santé’ (22–26 May 2018, Heraklion, Crête) which was organized by the UNESCO Chair “Culture and traditions of wine’’ of the University of Burgundy. Presentation 4755036 Portions of these data were presented at the European Society of Transplantation (ESOT) 2013 conference in Vienna, the American Transplant Congress (ATC) 2013 conference in Seattle, and the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) 2014 conference in Philadelphia. Presentation 6261363 Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association on August 23, 2015, the Minnesota Population Center’s Seminar Series on November 17, 2014, and at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America on April 11, 2013. Presentation 6051076 AcknowledgmentsThis manuscript has been presented as a poster presentation in the New York Chapter ACP Resident and Medical Student Forum on November 14, 2015. Presentation 3167652 This work was previously presented in oral abstract format at the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Annual Clinical Meeting May 2008 in New Orleans, LA, USA Presentation 1891167 ACKNOWLEDGMENTThis study was, in part, presented as a poster at the 26th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, December 2003. Presentation 2826771 Portions of this analysis were presented in a poster at the National Oncology Pharmacy Symposium; Halifax, Nova Scotia; October 26–28, 2007 . Presentation 5697639 Prior presentationParts of this study were presented at the Australian Diabetes Society and the Australian Diabetes Educators Association Annual Scientific Meeting 2016, Queensland, Australia, August 24–26, 2016, and at the American Diabetes Association 76th Scientific Sessions, New Orleans, LA, June 10–14, 2016. Presentation 5484356 Parts of this trial were presented as a poster presentation at the American Diabetes Association, 76th Annual Scientific Sessions, June 10 to 14, 2016, New Orleans, LA, USA; and have been accepted for poster presentation at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, 52nd Annual Meeting, September 12 to 16, 2016, Munich, Germany. Presentation 5947830 Early analyses from this study were presented in poster format at the 99th Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, Orlando, Florida, April 1–4, 2017 and at the 26th Annual Meeting & Clinical Congress of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Austin, Texas, May 3–7, 2017. Presentation 5074260 The results of this study were presented in poster form at the 10th International Diabetes Federation, Western Pacific Region Congress, 21–24 November 2014, Singapore. Presentation 5067552 This work was previously published as an abstract presented at the Diabetes UK Professional Conference, London, UK, 11–13 March 2015 (P456) and at the 2015 European Association for the Study of Diabetes Annual Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, 14–18 September (P969). Presentation 4237547 This study was previously presented, in part, in abstract form at the 4th World Congress on Controversies to Consensus in Diabetes, Obesity and Hypertension, Barcelona, Spain, 8–11 November 2012; at the 73rd Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, Chicago, IL, USA, 21–25 June 2013; and at the 16th Annual Canadian Diabetes Association/Canadian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism Professional Conference & Annual Meetings, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 17–20 October 2013. Presentation 5836866 Parts of this study were presented as a poster presentation at the American Diabetes Association, 77th Annual Scientific Sessions, June 9 to 13, 2017, San Diego, California. Presentation 6175614 Data in this manuscript were presented as an oral presentation at the Endocrine Society 2018 annual conference (ENDO 2018), Chicago, March 17–20, 2018. Presentation 5573947 Aspects of this study were previously presented as a poster presentation at the 51st Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, September 14 to 18, 2015, Stockholm, Sweden and at the IDF World Diabetes Congress, November 30 to December 4, 2015, Vancouver, Canada. Presentation 5096008 Portions of this study were presented as abstracts at the 75th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, Boston, MA, USA, 5–9 June , 2015, and at the 51st Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Stockholm, Sweden, 14–18 September 2015. Presentation 6282564 February 19, 2017(S1): A116) at the ADA 2016 and Advanced Technologies & Treatments for Diabetes (ATTD) 2017 congresses, and presented as an oral presentation at ADA 2016 and poster presentation at ATTD 2017. Presentation 5298031 Prior presentation: Parts of the study were presented at the 74th Scientific Meeting of the American Diabetes Association, San Francisco, California, June 13‐17, 2014 and at the 50th European Association for the Study of Diabetes Annual Meeting, Vienna, Austria, September 15‐19, 2014. Presentation 5947579 Prior presentationParts of this study have been presented in the form of an oral presentation at the 77th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association (ADA 2017), San Diego, California, June 9 to 13, 2017 and as a poster at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD 2017), Lisbon, Portugal, September 11 to 15, 2017. Presentation 5888194 Prior PresentationParts of this study have been presented in an abstract form at the 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Lisbon, Portugal, 2011. Presentation 4737399 This work was previously published as an abstract presented at the American Diabetes Association's 74th Scientific Sessions, San Francisco, CA, June 2014 (70‐OR) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 50th Annual Meeting, Vienna, Austria, September 2014 (P‐969). Presentation 6231963 Parts of this paper have been presented in poster form at the 78th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, Orlando, Florida, 22–26 June 2018, and the 54th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, 1‐5 October 2018, Berlin, Germany. Presentation 5873250 Parts of this study were presented as a poster presentation at the American Diabetes Association, 77th Annual Scientific Sessions, 9–13 June 2017, San Diego, California. Presentation 5813203 Parts of the studies reported in this paper were presented in abstract form at the 75th Scientific Session of the American Diabetes Association (Boston, Massachusetts, June 5 to 9, 2015), the 51st Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (Stockholm, Sweden, September 14 to 18, 2015) and the 76th Scientific Session of the American Diabetes Association (New Orleans, Louisiana, June 10 to 14, 2016). Presentation 3593184 This study was previously presented, in part, in abstract form at the 72nd Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 8–12 June 2012 and at the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Berlin, Germany, 1–5 October 2012. Presentation 5763397 Parts of this study have been presented as posters at the American Diabetes Association annual congress 2016 and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes annual congress 2016. Presentation 4237114 The majority of results from this study were previously presented at the annual American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions in 2007 and 2008, and at the Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology meetings in 2007 and 2009. Presentation 3752965 These data were submitted in abstract form and accepted for poster presentation at the World Diabetes Congress of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Dubai, UAE, 4–8 September 2011. Presentation 5054919 This study was previously presented in poster form at the 74th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, San Francisco, CA, 13–17 June 2014, and at the Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, Austin, TX, 12–15 October 2014. Presentation 4526421 Parts of this work were presented on the annual meeting of the American Society of hematology (ASH) as a poster under a different title. Presentation 6139215 An abstract of the manuscript was presented at the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) Annual Scientific Meeting in October 2016 as a poster presentation. Presentation 5829998 The present study has been accepted as an abstract poster in the 17th Congress of Gastroenterology China. Presentation 5761598 Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the American Diabetes Association Conference, Boston, MA, June 2015; the Endocrinology Society Conference, Boston, MA, April 2016; and the Levine-Riggs Diabetes Research Symposium in Long Beach, CA, March 2016. Presentation 5532513 Some of the data here has been presented in abstract form at the American Society of Nephrology's Kidney Week in Atlanta November 5–10 2013 and Philadelphia November 11–16 2014, UK Kidney week in Glasgow April 29-May 2 2014 and at the annual meeting for the American Society of Sports Medicine in Orlando 31 May-4 June 2104. Presentation 6290057 FM orally presented parts of the data set at two conferences (23rd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science and 10th Annual Meeting of the Swiss Society of Sport Science) for dissemination reasons. Presentation 5992350 Part of this study was presented as poster at the Aquaculture Europe congress in Rotterdam (2015). Presentation 5974545 This work was initiated following an oral presentation given by the junior Author at the Regeneration Workshop 2013 which was organized by Association for Cephalopod Research - CephRes (Naples, Italy; September 25th and 26th, 2013). Presentation 5985438 This study was presented at the 71st conference of the Italian Society of Anatomy and Histology, September 20–22, 2017 in Taormina (Italy). Presentation 6230582 Preliminary part of this work was presented in poster format at the Heart Failure 2017 & World Congress on Acute Heart Failure, organized by the European Society of Cardiology (Paris, France; 29 April–2 May, 2017), European Journal of Heart Failure (2017) 19 (Issue S1) 336. Presentation 6230563 A preliminary abstract of part of the study material was presented at the International Liver Congress 2018 (Paris, France) and published in the pertinent Supplement of Journal of Hepatology (Abstract book), Supplement N°1, Vol. Presentation 6038799 The data were partially presented in abstract form at the XX Congress of the Brazilian Diabetes Society. Presentation 5594093 Presented partially in abstract form at the 12th Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA), Berlin, Germany, August 2016, and the Veterinary Management of African Wildlife Conference, Pretoria, South Africa, February 2017. Presentation 3935400 The abstract of this work was presented at the National Conference of Undergraduate Research in Wisconsin in April 2013. Presentation 5816777 Previous versions were presented at the 33th General Conference of the International Association for Research on Income and Wealth, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, August 2014, and at the conference entitled Utsatt barndom, sårbara familjer och samhällets insatser, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, March 2015. Presentation 5392494 Preliminary work presented in this article was presented in an oral session on 12 April at the ECCMID 2016 conference in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Presentation 4285853 Part of this work was presented as a poster at the 8th International Healthcare Infection Society (HIS) and Federation of Infection Societies (FIS) meeting on 19–21 November 2012 at the BT Convention Centre, Liverpool, UK, as ‘The use of dried cerebrospinal fluid filter paper spots to diagnose the major causes of bacterial meningitis in the Lao PDR’. Presentation 4313687 This work was presented at the Society for General Microbiology Annual Conference, April 2014, in Liverpool, UK as a poster. Presentation 6102408 A part of this manuscript was presented at the 1st World Congress of Trichoscopy Symposium All about hair & nails Warsaw, Poland 15-17 March 2018 and published in an abstract form (64). Presentation 6236114 A poster of preliminary findings of this investigation was presented at 2017 DDW in Chicago, USA. Presentation 5445129 This work was presented in abstract form in the 2015 American Transplant Congress Meeting (16). Presentation 3303078 An abstract of this work was presented at the 71st Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association, June 24–28, 2011, San Diego, California. Presentation 4766517 This work was presented in part at the Society for Neuroscience (SFN) Annual Meeting 17–21 October 2015, Chicago IL, USA and at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Annual conference 3–7 May 2015 in Denver CO, USA. Presentation 3400253 The findings were presented in a poster form at the International Conference on Decision Making in December 2011 at the Center for Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences (CBCS), Allahabad, India. Presentation 6142044 The authors would like to acknowledge that parts of this manuscript were presented in the form of a platform talk at the International Stroke Conference 2015 and as a poster at the International Stroke Conference 2018. Presentation 5149566 Parts of contents of this paper appeared as an abstract and in the form of an oral presentation at the ISMRM conference held in Singapore in 2016. Presentation 5986965 The authors would like to acknowledge that parts of this manuscript were presented at the Radiological Society of Northern America conference 2017, Chicago, IL. Presentation 6107801 A short version of this model was presented in a conference (Cohen-Duwek and Spitzer, 2017). Presentation 5605570 Posters from this manuscript were presented previously in the following conferences: SfN 2014 (Washington DC—USA), BNA 2015 (Edinburgh—UK), Adult Neurogenesis 2015 (Dresden—Germany), FENS 2016 (Copenhagen—Denmark). Presentation 5682039 Part of the data was presented on a poster at the 27th European College of Neuropsychopharmacology Congress in October 2014. Presentation 3824198 A preliminary report of this study, supported by statutory funding from the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland, was presented at the oral session of the XXV Congress of the Polish Physiological Society “Basic and Clinical Physiology” (September 15–17, 2011, Olsztyn, Poland). Presentation 3324692 A preliminary report of this work was presented in the poster session of the 2010 Wingate Congress of Exercise & Sport Sciences at the Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel. Presentation 5594953 AcknowledgmentThis study was performed in University of Sharjah, College of Dental Medicine, Sharjah, UAE, and the microscopic evaluations were finished in Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine and Middle East Technical University Metallurgical Engineering Laboratories in Ankara, Turkey, with the Grant of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey, and presented in 94th IADR General Session, Seoul, Republic of Korea, June 22–25, 2016 as a poster presentation and participated IADR Unilever Hatton Competition in Junior Category. Presentation 4745228 AcknowledgmentThis study was submitted as an oral presentation in the 19th Congress of the Balkan Stomatological Society – BaSS, 24–27 April 2014, Belgrade, Serbia. Presentation 2647958 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSA portion of these data were presented in a poster at the ITI World Symposium in New York City (April 26–28, 2007). Presentation 5331783 AcknowledgmentPortions of this study were presented at the 11th annual Academic Surgical Congress on February 3, 2016, in Jacksonville, FL. Presentation 5790754 : The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the United States Government. Declaration 4596022 : We dedicate this work to Frederic Sauvaget, an exceptional neurosurgeon, neuroscientist, and colleague. Declaration 4008442 A copy of the verbal consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal. Declaration 3766573 A copy of the written consent is available for review by the editor of this journal. Declaration 4241484 A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-In-Chief of this journal on request. Declaration 3600317 A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal. Declaration 3588210 A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Managing Editor of this journal on request. Declaration 3786534 A copy of the written consent is available for review upon request. Declaration 4008090 A copy of the written consent is available for review. Declaration 4843954 A full list of the investigators who contributed to the generation of the data is available from http://www. Declaration 5477102 A list of the ethics committees and the reference of their approval of the trial in each participating country are provided in Additional file 1. Declaration 4570617 A waiver of ethics for Scotland was granted by the South East Scotland Research Ethics Service. Declaration 6101492 A waiver of informed consent was requested and the approval was obtained from independent ethics committees at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Declaration 5693548 – The ethical approval – ‘Ethical clearance was sought and granted from the Institutional Review Board (IRB), of the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana before the study was done. Declaration 6097545 AbbVie was not involved in the conduct of the study, the data analysis, manuscript preparation, or the decision to submit the manuscript. Declaration 5086411 AC, VR, and SMR declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5912080 Accelerometer deployments were carried out under Flinders University ethics approval number E398. Declaration 4243000 Access to the request shall be at GSK’s discretion and in any case shall take place under a confidentiality disclosure agreement. Declaration 3915019 According to Danish law, ethics committee approval and written informed consent from study participants are not required in questionnaire-based and register-based projects. Declaration 5602377 According to Danish legislation, ethical approval of registry studies is not required. Declaration 5463395 According to French law, a waiver of informed consent was obtained. Declaration 29051 AcknowledgementNo author has a potential conflict of interest that relate to the present report. Declaration 5226069 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe Image Registration Toolkit (IRTK) was used under license from Ixico Ltd. Declaration 4255993 AcknowledgementThere are no conflicts of interest. Declaration 4361749 AcknowledgementThis scientific work is dedicated to the patients and the entire team of the Apheresis Competence Center at MVZ Kempten-Allgaeu. Declaration 2988965 AcknowledgementThis work was performed in Diyarbakir Education and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey. Declaration 3626419 AcknowledgmentAll patients consented for use of photographs. Declaration 3496327 AcknowledgmentInformed consent and permission to reproduce and publish these photos was obtained from all patients undergoing treatment in our practice. Declaration 3004563 Acknowledgments and disclosuresReconstitution data for degarelix were provided by Pernille Rosted, Keith Fox and Jette Toft from Ferring Pharmaceuticals. Declaration 2854052 Acknowledgments/disclosuresChristian Torp-Pedersen served as member of the steering committee on both ATHENA and ANDROMEDA and has received consultancy fees from Sanofi-Aventis. Declaration 3426261 Acknowledgments/disclosureThe supplement, BioCell Collagen®, was provided by GMP Laboratories of America, Inc (Anaheim, CA). Declaration 5739531 Acknowledgments: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Declaration 5089123 Acknowledgments: This paper is dedicated to the memory of Andreas Walz. Declaration 5114702 Acknowledgments: This work is dedicated to the memory of Uwe Heinemann and all behind this work. Declaration 4008770 AcknowledgmentsAll authors contributed equally and are responsible for the content and writing of this paper. Declaration 3775639 AcknowledgmentsAll patients provided informed consent for using patient photos in this article. Declaration 5868611 AcknowledgmentsAll patients provided written informed consent for their images to be published. Declaration 3700783 AcknowledgmentsIn memoriam: this paper is dedicated to the memory of Professor Tuncay AltuÄŸ, Experimental Animal-Research and Breeding Laboratory, Istanbul University, CerrahpaÅŸa Faculty of Medicine, who kindly provided experimental animals for our current research. Declaration 5083948 AcknowledgmentsOn behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest. Declaration 3832385 AcknowledgmentsPatient consent was obtained for publication of Figure 2. Declaration 6164661 AcknowledgmentsPatrizia Paterlini-Brechot is co-inventor of ISET® patents belonging to University Paris Descartes, INSERM and Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, exclusively licensed to Rarecells Diagnostics, France. Declaration 6190807 AcknowledgmentsRelevant human materials were reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, and the study was deemed to meet the medical ethical requirements. Declaration 4477828 AcknowledgmentsThe authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 6199970 AcknowledgmentsThe authors declare that all data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its references. Declaration 6241371 AcknowledgmentsThe authors have obtained written informed consent from the patient to publish their respective case and figures. Declaration 5685142 AcknowledgmentsThe authors were fully responsible for the content, editorial decisions, and opinions expressed in this review. Declaration 5484592 AcknowledgmentsThe contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the National Cancer Institute. Declaration 6173492 AcknowledgmentsThe funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 5912382 AcknowledgmentsThe funders had no role in the study design; collection, analysis, interpretation of the data; writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 6282708 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe hgvs package was developed by Invitae and subsequently released under the Apache license. Declaration 4396587 AcknowledgmentsThe patient consent was received for the use of their images. Declaration 5053265 AcknowledgmentsThe present study was approved by the ethics committee of Babol University of Medical Sciences under No 3705. Declaration 5141658 AcknowledgmentsThe present study was conducted with ethical clearance from the Ethical Committee of the Institute/University before the start of the study vide letter No. Declaration 5987865 AcknowledgmentsThe relevant human materials have been reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, and the study is deemed to meet the medical ethical requirements. Declaration 4041504 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe shrimp and bird assessments were developed by the College Board; for the drug assessment, SRI International is the publisher and the copyright owner. Declaration 3032967 AcknowledgmentsThe subjects of this investigation were informed about the aims of the study and their consent to participate is gratefully acknowledged. Declaration 5839994 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health. Declaration 4949653 AcknowledgmentsThe views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Health or Wellcome Trust. Declaration 5478230 AcknowledgmentsThe views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. Declaration 4944578 AcknowledgmentsThe views expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of UNICEF. Declaration 6201999 AcknowledgmentsThe views expressed in this article are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Declaration 5620348 AcknowledgmentsThe views expressed in this letter are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID. Declaration 6163966 AcknowledgmentsThis article is dedicated to Melvin Ramsay, Elisabeth Dowsett, Donald Acheson, Gordon Parish, and other renowned researchers who have dedicated their professional career to myalgic encephalomyelitis and patients suffering from ME. Declaration 4808825 AcknowledgmentsThis article is dedicated to Melvin Ramsay, who investigated myalgic encephalomyelitis with great determination for decades, and to many others, including Elizabeth Dowsett, Donald Acheson, Byron Hyde, David Bell, Paul Cheney and Daniel Peterson. Declaration 6239123 AcknowledgmentsThis article was written by members and invitees of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group (www. Declaration 3789632 AcknowledgmentsThis publication is dedicated to the memory of Prof Bengt Hellbom, who was involved with this work and sadly passed away in September 2012. Declaration 5417295 AcknowledgmentsThis research was performed in the Pediatric Neurology Unit at Minia University Children’s Hospital in Minya, Egypt. Declaration 4293165 AcknowledgmentsThis study did not get any funding and there is no any conflict of interest. Declaration 6203120 AcknowledgmentsThis work was performed in coordination with NHIS and the Korean Diabetes Association. Declaration 5811174 AcknowledgmentsThis work was performed in partial fulfillment of the MD thesis requirements of the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University. Declaration 6183587 AcknowledgmentsThis work was performed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a PhD degree by Assaf Buch at the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel. Declaration 4996851 AcknowledgmentsThis work was performed in the context of the “symAtrial‿ Junior Research Alliance funded by the German Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF 01ZX1408A) e:Med – Systems Medicine program. Declaration 5153286 AcknowledgmentsUse of the ©MMAS is protected by US and International copyright laws. Declaration 5791663 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to dedicate this paper to Bernd Fischer (deceased February 22, 2017). Declaration 5315209 AcknowledgmentsWritten informed consent for publication of their clinical details and/or clinical images was obtained from the patient. Declaration 4536765 AcknowledgmentsWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images. Declaration 5513807 AcknowledgmentsWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. Declaration 4012115 AcknowledgmentThe authors deny any conflicts of interest. Declaration 395840 AcknowledgmentWritten consent was obtained from the patient for publication. Declaration 5374187 ACO declares relationships with the following companies: BioMarin, InfoMed and Alexion (receipt of honoraria for lectures, advisory board work and/or on-line teaching material). Declaration 5744462 Acquisitions were performed by the scientists involved in the Multi-scale Brain Architecture research program of NeuroSpin and by the staff of the UNIACT Laboratory of NeuroSpin (headed by Dr Lucie Hertz-Pannier), under the ethical approval CPP100002/CPP100022 (principal investigator Dr Denis Le Bihan). Declaration 5072304 AD, EA, EM, EB, AW, and MH declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Declaration 5045832 Additional informed consent was obtained from the patient, for who identifying information is included in this article. Declaration 4712254 Adrian Derungs, Massimiliano Donzelli, Benjamin Berger, Stephan Krähenbühl, and Manuel Haschke have no potential conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 3405387 Adriana Ceci, Rosella Tomanin and Pierpaolo Mincarone have no conflicts of interests. Declaration 4611011 Aegerion had the opportunity to review this work for scientific accuracy and any changes resulting from comments received were made by the authors solely on the basis of scientific or editorial merit. Declaration 4473085 After offering this full-informed description of the study, following the principles of informed consent, written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Declaration 5385595 After written informed consent was obtained from the patients or their relatives, patients were included in the study. Declaration 3345874 AHB reports no conflicts of interest. Declaration 4359187 AJâ€‿None to declare. Declaration 4369284 Alan Landay, Cara Wilson, and Jennifer Stock declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 5359850 ALD and DA declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5522857 All appropriate permissions have been obtained from the copyright holders of any work that has been reproduced in this manuscript. Declaration 3585987 All authors certify that no actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to this article exists, notably any financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Declaration 4269191 All authors declare no competing financial interests. Declaration 3495721 All authors declare no competing interests. Declaration 4223570 All authors declare no conflict of interest to disclose. Declaration 5951166 All authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 3429856 All authors declare themselves free from financial involvement or affiliation with any organization whose financial interests may be affected by material in the manuscript. Declaration 4359181 All authors declare they have no conflicts of interest that are directiy relevant to the content of this review. Declaration 3784049 All authors declare they have no conflicts of interest. Declaration 2943167 All authors declare they have no personal financial or non-financial conflicts of interest. Declaration 4446947 All authors had full access to all of the data in the study and were responsible for the content of the manuscript and the decision to submit for publication. Declaration 5127865 All authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Declaration 4213380 All authors have no potential conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 3705747 All authors have read the final paper and consent to the publication. Declaration 5758650 All authors of the current manuscript declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 5040883 All authors participated in the discussions at the meeting and are responsible for the content of this article, which reflects their views and opinions. Declaration 5048660 All ethical and technical aspects of protocols for animals used in this article have been reviewed and approved by Augusta University Committee for Animal Use and Care (ICAUAC). Declaration 4778455 All experimental procedures were approved by the University of Queensland Native and Exotic Wildlife and Marine Animals ethics committee (certificate SBS/350/12/ARC). Declaration 5984649 All listed authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy, or views of the World Health Organization. Declaration 5903828 All of the cancer and surrounding normal tissues were excised in the operating room after informed consent was obtained from all of the patients. Declaration 4404822 All of the materials for use have been granted under copyright of the journals. Declaration 6124878 All of the other authors declare no conflicts of interest. Declaration 6066359 All other authors declare no competing interests. Declaration 4145662 All other authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 4335091 All other authors declare no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this study. Declaration 5334387 All other authors declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. Declaration 5749525 All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4495261 All other authors declared that no competing interests exist. Declaration 5335719 All other authors have declared they have no competing interests. Declaration 4882859 All other authors have no financial or nonfinancial competing interests to declare. Declaration 4636517 All other authors have nothing to declare. Declaration 4902838 All other authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. Declaration 4976065 All other authors reported no conflicts of interest. Declaration 5492910 All participants consented to the survey, and data was anonymous. Declaration 5743176 All participants enrolled in relevant studies provided written informed consent. Declaration 4636518 All participants gave written informed consent before inclusion after adequate explanation of the study protocol. Declaration 5427587 All participants gave written informed consent prior to participation in the study. Declaration 5664576 All participants had signed a written consent to participate. Declaration 5018938 All participants had their consents for their recruitments. Declaration 6055741 All participants have given prior consent to take part in online surveys through the SSI internet panel. Declaration 5120458 All participants have provided written informed consent to participate in the study. Declaration 5427560 All participants included in the analyses provided consent for linkage of their survey data to databases at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences. Declaration 5072304 All participants or their legally authorized representatives provided informed consent to participate in the study. Declaration 4488451 All participants provided a signed informed consent form at screening and had the mental capability to understand it. Declaration 5683358 All participants provided either a written or oral consent. Declaration 5429556 All participants provided informed consent prior to participating in this study. Declaration 5316168 All participants provided informed consent to participate in the study. Declaration 5039882 All participants provided written informed consent to participate. Declaration 5683322 All participants were fully informed about the nature, the implications of the study and the freedom to opt out any time should they feel uncomfortable, and voluntarily provided written consented to participate. Declaration 5481873 All patients and families were informed that anonymous data could be used for academic research and gave their consent. Declaration 3580130 All patients gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study. Declaration 4623065 All patients gave their written informed consent. Declaration 5101282 All patients in the randomized trials gave written informed consent. Declaration 4419154 All patients included in these studies gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion. Declaration 4967510 All patients or their relatives provided informed consent to participate. Declaration 5081985 All patients provided their written informed consent. Declaration 5217446 All patients provided written informed consent. Declaration 6233599 All patients signed a written informed consent agreement. Declaration 5106814 All patients were informed about the study and consented to participate. Declaration 4269812 All procedures followed were in accordance with ethical standards of responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 and 2008. Declaration 4958635 All procedures involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of our Institutional Research Committee and with the Helsinki declaration as revised in 2013. Declaration 5330124 All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with ethical standards of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, with adherence to National Institutes of Health guidelines for care and use of laboratory animals. Declaration 4387310 All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Declaration 5938030 All samples derived from the National Biobank of Korea were obtained with informed consent under institutional review board-approved protocols. Declaration 4778458 All samples included in this project were obtained during the ongoing harbour porpoise studies under authorization from Danish Forest and Nature Agency (SNS 342-00042) and the Animal Welfare Committee (Ministry of Justice, 2010/561-1801). Declaration 6123805 All sources of funding for the research declare that they have no competing financial or personal interests and that none of the author’s institutions have contracts relating to this research through which they may stand to gain financially now or in the future. Declaration 4573650 All study participants and their parents provided a signed informed consent form. Declaration 3355912 All study participants provided informed consent. Declaration 3601132 All study subjects gave written informed consent. Declaration 4655003 All subjects enrolled in this study gave a written informed consent for their participation. Declaration 5996097 All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Declaration 3586098 All the authors declared no potential conflict of interest and no funding was received. Declaration 5941161 All the authors have no financial disclosures relevant to this article to disclose. Declaration 4964271 All the authors have read the article and gave consent for its publication as a letter to editor. Declaration 5415846 All the donors provided informed consent. Declaration 5603960 All the other authors declare no competing financial interests. Declaration 4903012 All the other authors do not have either commercial or personal associations or any sources of support that might pose a conflict of interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. Declaration 4472938 All the participants gave their consent prior to the inclusion in the study. Declaration 4473281 All the participants give their consent prior the inclusion in the study. Declaration 5106182 All the patients gave their consent to use their photos for the publication. Declaration 6138960 All the study sponsors have no roles in the study design, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. Declaration 4153975 Aloysius Ng reports no conflict of interest. Declaration 5159991 Also, informed consent from each patient is waived for using anonymous data according to the informed consent guidelines in Japan. Declaration 4946176 Although KS and WF are employees of the sponsor and participated in the study as coinvestigators, the larger sponsor had no role in the study design, the data analysis or interpretation, or publication decisions. Declaration 5093202 Although the study design was discussed with the sponsor, they had no role in the implementation, data collection and interpretation of results. Declaration 4446523 Anna Girardi, Emanuel Raschi, Silvia Galletti, Elisabetta Poluzzi, Giacomo Faldella, Karel Allegaert, and Fabrizio De Ponti have no conflicts of interest to declare that are directly relevant to the content of this study. Declaration 3714137 Annie Fourrier-Reglat and Federica Nicotra have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this study. Declaration 5670344 Any opinions or assertions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of Uniformed Services University, the US Army, US Navy, Department of Defense, or the US Government. Declaration 4706017 AP is a staff member of the World Health Organization and alone is responsible for the views expressed in this paper, which do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the World Health Organization itself. Declaration 5693557 App participants provided written consent to participate in the study. Declaration 3846513 Approval to observe classrooms and instruction at UBC and publish results of that work is provided to the Carl Wieman Science Education Initiative by the University of British Columbia under the policy on institutional research. Declaration 4372688 Approval was also received from the Bioethical Committee of University of Medical Sciences in PoznaÅ„ (including studies on healthy people). Declaration 4008514 Örem certifies that there is no conflict of interests with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in the paper. Declaration 5388994 As previously described, if a patient did not have the capacity to consent, the opinion of a personal consultee was sought in accordance with section 32 of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (UK). Declaration 5319090 As stipulated by this protocol, the informed consent was initially given by an authorized person, pending the patient's own consent, recovery permitting. Declaration 4944245 As such ethics approval was not required at our institution. Declaration 5450079 As such, ethical approval and consent were not required. Declaration 6294060 As this research did not include interaction with humans or use personal identifying information, informed consent was not required. Declaration 5296954 As this was a clinical case, no ethics approval was needed. Declaration 5577774 As this was a retrospective case report the ethics committee of Sheba Medical Center Helsinki Committee, Tel Hashomer, Israel does not require ethics approval to be sought for this case report. Declaration 4662170 AstraZeneca China had no role in the study design or the generation or interpretation of the results. Declaration 4037587 AT, SB, OVM, ET, DS, MB, NSW and LH have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this study. Declaration 4382528 Author conflicts of interest: Jens-Otto Andreas, Marina Braun, Willi Cawello, and Jan-Peer Elshoff are all employees of UCB Pharma, Monheim am Rhein, Germany. Declaration 3232100 Author does not have any conflict of interest. Declaration 5052311 Authors of this article had access to all study data, are responsible for all contents of the article, and had authority over manuscript preparation and the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 4070459 Authors’ conflict of interestsJoão Maldonado declares that he has no conflict of interest. Declaration 3901810 Authors’ Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of InterestThe authors have no potential conflicts of interest to declare with regard to this study. Declaration 5237277 Authors’ informationNot applicableCompeting interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 6092799 Availability of data and materialsData of the individual trials are available upon reasonable request based on the authorization of principal investigators of the trials. Declaration 5039882 Availability of data and materialsData sharing consent was not obtained. Declaration 5146853 Availability of data and materialsDue to ethical constrictions, data underling the findings described in the manuscript will not be shared. Declaration 5584001 Availability of data and materialsFor ethical reasons, the dataset will only be submitted upon individual requests. Declaration 5745999 Availability of data and materialsParts of the data that support the findings of this study are available from Statistics Denmark, but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the present study and so are not publicly available. Declaration 5870068 Availability of data and materialsThe authors declare that all data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its Additional files. Declaration 5648477 Availability of data and materialsThe authors declare that they keep the files containing data safely stored, and the data will be made available to the editor on request. Declaration 5537985 Availability of data and materialsThe data analysed in this current study is not publicly available due to it containing information that could compromise research participant privacy and consent, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 5120458 Availability of data and materialsThe data from this study are not available in a public repository due to ethical concerns. Declaration 5470324 Availability of data and materialsThe data that support the findings of this study are available from death certificates of cadavers referred to Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran, but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Declaration 5168587 Availability of data and materialsThe data that support the findings of this study are available from Jikei University and Kyoto University, but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Declaration 4974789 Availability of data and materialsThe data that support the findings of this study are available from Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Declaration 6097391 Availability of data and materialsThe data that support the findings of this study are available from Servier laboratories but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study and so are not publicly available. Declaration 5513120 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets analysed during the current study from Sex, Drugs and Rock’n’Roll and MIX study are not publicly available due to them containing information that could compromise participant privacy/consent. Declaration 5985563 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to them containing information that could compromise research participant privacy/consent, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 5941323 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due the data being used for further research by the researchers and specified purposes within the ethics approval. Declaration 6249923 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available, owing to hospital and patient privacy reasons, but they are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request and with consent of the Helsinki Committee. Declaration 6091155 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to ethical reasons but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 5111191 Availability of data and materialsThe derivation cohort dataset supporting the conclusions of this article is available by application to the Oregon Health Authority after approval by the appropriate ethics committees. Declaration 5088669 Availability of data and materialThe authors declare that all data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article. Declaration 5052716 Availability of data and materialThe data that support the findings of this study are available from Oslo University Hospital, but restrictions apply to the availability of these data which were used under license for the current study and so are not publicly available. Declaration 5047045 Availability of supporting dataThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the Spanish Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Declaration 3530795 Bakoyiannis and other coauthors declare that they have no conflict of interests. Declaration 4281369 Bart Morlion and Katri Elina Clemens have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. Declaration 4628781 Baxter had no role in the design or implementation of the study, analysis or interpretation of the data, and preparation or revision of the manuscript. Declaration 5781264 Baxter Healthcare Corporation was not involved in the original development of the trial concept, trial management, data collection, analysis or interpretation of the data. Declaration 5686062 BB declares the following COI: she is co-inventor on several patents related to daclizumab therapy for MS and, as such, has received patent royalty payments from the NIH. Declaration 5086052 Because no patients were involved in this study, approval of the medical ethical committee was not required for this project. Declaration 5168587 Because of the retrospective approach of this study and de-identification of personal data, the boards waived the need for informed consent. Declaration 5309907 Before me in my position were dedicated professionals who blazed trails for the team approach to diabetes care. Declaration 5683465 Below all authors have disclosed relevant commercial associations that might pose a conflict of interest:Consultant arrangements: None. Declaration 6084086 Bente Augdal, Merete Albertsen, and Knut Hansen were responsible for all infrastructure and administrative issues. Declaration 4432515 Both Dr Sjoding and Dr Iwashyna report that the funding bodies had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, or the preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 4705614 Both foundations had no role in the study design, in the analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. Declaration 4589911 Both TSV and CRC report that the funding bodies had no role in the preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 6148970 Bowhead whale baleen collected in Greenland was exported under CITES permit 16GL1167031, and imported under CITES permit 16CA01761/CWHQ; baleen from NARW Eg 1238 was imported from Canada under CITES permit 10US082589f9 and held under US National Oceanographic & Atmospheric Administration permit 18786; and blue whale baleen was collected within the USA under US National Oceanographic & Atmospheric Administration stranding authorizations to the California Academy of Sciences and related US Marine Mammal Stranding Network personnel. Declaration 3674911 Cancer Research UK had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of data, and preparation, review or approval of the manuscript. Declaration 4788505 Cancer Research UK was not involved in the design of this study, collection, analysis, or interpretation of the results, in the writing of the letter, or in the decision to submit for publication. Declaration 4335094 Carlos Zala declares no conflicts of interest. Declaration 2588493 Census data is Crown copyright and is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland. Declaration 4476866 CIFF had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 5737813 CL reports no disclosures. Declaration 3991398 Claudia Spits is a postdoctoral fellow at the FWO Vlaanderen, and has no conflict of interest. Declaration 3586072 Competing interests: the authors certify that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in the manuscript. Declaration 4983743 Competing interestsAC, VR and SMR declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5429556 Competing interestsAll authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 5455092 Competing interestsAll authors declare: (1)no support from any organization for the submitted work; (2) no financial relationships with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous 3 years; and (3) no other relationship or activities that could appear to have influence the submitted work. Declaration 5488410 Competing interestsAll the authors declare that they have no competing interests in relation with this article. Declaration 5078964 Competing interestsCI has developed SDF imaging and is listed as an inventor for related patents commercialized by Micro Vision Medical (MVM) under a license from the Academic Medical Center (AMC). Declaration 5180408 Competing interestsMMS reports the following potential conflicts of interest: Amgen, salary support to study patterns of statin use in Medicare and other large databases; diaDexus, salary support for a research grant on lipids and CAD outcomes; diaDexus, consulting to help with FDA application. Declaration 5139100 Competing interestsSR and DP have no conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 5018161 Competing interestsThe author declares that he has no competing interests. Declaration 4957430 Competing interestsThe author declares that he/she has no competing interests. Declaration 4919883 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing financial interests but are advocates for e-cig based THR. Declaration 5433053 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests for the present study. Declaration 5664819 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests or financial/nonfinancial relationships or obligations to the study sponsor or other companies. Declaration 5028931 Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests regarding this manuscript. Declaration 5247806 Competing interestsThe authors do not have any competing interests to declare. Declaration 5675061 Competing interestsThe authors do not have financial and non-financial competing interests to declare. Declaration 5267412 Competing interestsThe authors have no conflicts to disclose. Declaration 5112669 Competing interestsThe authors have reported that no potential conflicts of interest exist with any companies/organizations whose products or services may be discussed in this article. Declaration 5126807 Competing interestsThe authors report no potential conflicts of interest with any companies/organizations whose products may be discussed in this manuscript. Declaration 5055654 Competing interestThe authors declare that they have no competing interest. Declaration 5930861 Competing of interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4046085 Completion of the questionnaire constituted implied consent to participate. Declaration 2631523 Completion of this study was made possible with the tireless and dedicated data collection efforts of Shannon Blaney and Caroline Bersak Hyde at the syringe exchange programs. Declaration 4417129 Compliance wit Ethics Guidelinesá…ŸConflict of InterestAD Bakker and RT Jaspers both declare no conflicts of interest. Declaration 5330089 Compliance with ethical guidelines Declaration 5296954 Compliance with ethical guidelines consentWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this Case Report and accompanying images. Declaration 4597399 Compliance with ethical guidelinesCompeting interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4645473 Compliance with ethical guidelinesCompeting interests MSM, FA and AR are GlaxoSmithKline employees. Declaration 4590266 Compliance with ethical guidelinesCompeting interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4289530 Compliance with ethical requirements and Conflict of interestAll institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed. Declaration 4722079 Compliance with ethical requirements and Conflict of interestAll procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008 (5). Declaration 4116600 Compliance with ethical requirements and Conflict of interestAll procedures were conducted in compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines. Declaration 4387268 Compliance with ethical requirements and Conflict of interestMaria Buti declares advisory board/speaker relationships with Gilead, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, and Novartis. Declaration 3990862 Compliance with ethical requirements and Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no ethical conflicts. Declaration 4387273 Compliance with ethical requirements and Conflict of interestThe study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Navy General Hospital (Beijing, China), and the reported investigations were carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2004 (Edinburgh). Declaration 4920836 Compliance with Ethical StandardsRenato Vellucci declares no financial, personal and commercial disclosures. Declaration 4513217 Compliance with ethical standardsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4486783 Conflict of interest Aizati Daud, Jorieke Bergman, Marian Bakker, Hao Wang, Wilhelmina Kerstjens-Frederikse, Hermien de Walle, Henk Groen, Jens Bos, Eelko Hak and Bob Wilffert have no conflicts of interest to declare that are directly relevant to the content of this study. Declaration 3132432 Conflict of interest All authors report no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Declaration 3627011 Conflict of Interest DisclosuresJohn Baron holds a use patent for colorectal cancer chemopreventive use of aspirin (currently not licensed) and has been a consultant to Bayer and to Pozen. Declaration 4153975 Conflict of Interest DisclosuresNg Kok Pin reports no conflict of interest. Declaration 4920836 Conflict of interest Guido Fanelli, Carlo Leruselli, Raffaela Pannuti and Patrizia Romualdi declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 2793378 Conflict of interest statement All authors report no financial interests or potential conflicts of interests. Declaration 2871095 Conflict of interest statement None to declare. Declaration 2766499 Conflict of interest statement The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 2639248 Conflict of Interest Statement: None declared. Declaration 2704949 Conflict of interest statementAll authors declare that there is no financial relationship with any type of organization that might have sponsored this research. Declaration 3405336 Conflict of interest statementNo conflicts of interests exist. Declaration 2783000 Conflict of Interest Statements: None declared. Declaration 2908431 Conflict of interest statementThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 2824839 Conflict of interest statementThe authors declare that they have no financial relationship with any organization related to the research and no conflict of interest. Declaration 2811249 Conflict of interest statementThere are no conflicts of interest to be disclosed. Declaration 4219148 Conflict of interest: none declared. Declaration 3374090 Conflict of interestAll authors do not have any conflict of interest to disclose. Declaration 3549407 Conflict of interestAll authors have no conflict of interest. Declaration 3374121 Conflict of interestAll authors report no financial interests or potential conflicts of interests. Declaration 3377896 Conflict of interestAll authors, except Peter Dohmen, declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 3600218 Conflict of Interests The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests. Declaration 3710610 Conflict of Interests The authors have no conflict of interests to declare. Declaration 3639686 Conflict of Interests The authors have no conflict of interests. Declaration 3420558 Conflict of InterestsNone of the authors of this study has any conflict of interests in relation to this work. Declaration 3606744 Conflict of InterestsThe authors declare no conflict of interests. Declaration 5012410 Conflict of interestThe authors declare there is no conflict of interest associated with this manuscript. Declaration 4617846 Conflict of interestThe authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Declaration 4007749 Conflict of InterestThe authors declared they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 5828974 Conflict of interestThe authors do not have any conflict of interest to declare. Declaration 3608863 Conflict of interestThe authors have no conflict of interest or financial relationship with study sponsor. Declaration 5471950 Consent for publicationAll authors approved the final manuscript and gave their consent for publication. Declaration 5473997 Consent for publicationAll authors approved the final version of the manuscript and consented to its publication. Declaration 5359919 Consent for publicationAll authors are willing to submit the article in the journal and they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 5460477 Consent for publicationAll authors confirmed consent for publication of the present manuscript. Declaration 4967331 Consent for publicationAll authors consent to publication of the revised manuscript. Declaration 4990875 Consent for publicationAll authors consent to publication. Declaration 5683554 Consent for publicationAll authors consent to the publication of the manuscript in Global Health Research and Policy, should the article be accepted by the Editor-in-chief upon completion of the refereeing process. Declaration 5081926 Consent for publicationAll authors consent to the publication of this article in Critical Care. Declaration 5693548 Consent for publicationAll authors consented to have the paper published. Declaration 5951166 Consent for publicationAll authors gave their consent for publication. Declaration 5683206 Consent for publicationAll authors read final draft and provided consent for publication. Declaration 5131531 Consent for publicationAll images in this manuscript are entirely unidentifiable and do not include any personal details, therefore no consent for publication was obtained. Declaration 5455203 Consent for publicationAll included patients or their family members signed the informed consent form, and they approved the publication of their individual details. Declaration 5427560 Consent for publicationConsent to publish was obtained as part of informed consent. Declaration 5393004 Consent for publicationFrom all the patients presented in the case reports we obtained a written consent for publication the data presented in the manuscript. Declaration 5120539 Consent for publicationN/AEthics approval and consent to participateThe DPC study has been granted ethical approval from the Research Ethics Board of the University of British Columbia/Providence Health Care (H06-00265-024). Declaration 5237277 Consent for publicationNot applicableEthics approval and consent to participateAll participants provided written informed consent and received a thirty-dollar honorarium for their participation. Declaration 5157095 Consent for publicationNot applicableEthics approval and consent to participateAll procedures were conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki (“Scientific Requirements and Research Protocols‿ and “Research Ethics Committees‿). Declaration 5463299 Consent for publicationNot applicableEthics approval and consent to participateEthical approval was obtained from the Behavioral Research Ethics Board at the University of British Columbia. Declaration 5121967 Consent for publicationNot applicableEthics approval and consent to participateNot applicable Declaration 5025567 Consent for publicationNot applicableEthics approval and consent to participateThe Austin Health Human Research Ethics Committee approved the study (approval number LNR/14/Austin/487, HREC 131217 and 120712) with a waiver for informed consent. Declaration 5460345 Consent for publicationNot applicableEthics approval and consent to participateThe study was approved by the Review Board of the Research Council of Norway. Declaration 5422940 Consent for publicationParticipants consented to the data being used for publications. Declaration 5388994 Consent for publicationParticipants gave consent for the results to be published in anonymized format in a scientific journal. Declaration 5078942 Consent for publicationSigned consent to publish was obtained from the patient. Declaration 5075752 Consent for publicationThe authors consent the survey for publication. Declaration 5693550 Consent for publicationThe authors hereby consent to publication of the work in any and all of the Global Health Research and Policy publications. Declaration 5391608 Consent for publicationThe authors know and agree to conditions of submission, publication, copyright, and license agreement as well as article processing charges. Declaration 5059924 Consent for publicationThe patient gave her consent to the use of the data obtained from the diagnostic procedures for scientific research. Declaration 3800625 Consent Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images. Declaration 4007791 ConsentWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report including all accompanying images. Declaration 5123350 CRS, AB and DF have no conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 3990042 CUBIT was used under rights and license from Sandia National Laboratories: Sandia License Number 09-N06832. Declaration 3936132 Daniel Fife, Vivienne Zhu, Erica Voss, Grace Levy-Clarke, and Patrick Ryan have no other conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the conduct of this study. Declaration 4927608 Data collection in Norway followed the regulations of the Cancer Registry of Norway and no ethical committee approval was necessary since all data received were aggregated. Declaration 4732442 Data collection was authorized by ICMBio, through special license number 3767436, issued by Biodiversity Authorization and Information System (SISBIO). Declaration 4924329 DCS declares that he has no competing interests. Declaration 3585956 Debbie Basevitz has no conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 4698300 DECIPHER Consortium declares that those who carried out the original analysis and collection of the data bear no responsibility for the further analysis or interpretation of it. Declaration 3000473 Declaration of Interest There is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported. Declaration 5791659 Declaration of InterestsThe authors declare no competing interests. Declaration 5675061 DeclarationsAll workshop participants provided consent for the research team to use and publish their ideas and perspectives. Declaration 5234098 DeclarationsWritten informed consent was obtained from all patients before their inclusion in the study. Declaration 3627011 Denis McCarthy has no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. Declaration 4473085 Detailed information about the study and its objectives, what was expected from them, as well as a disclosure of the study’s provisions to preserve confidentiality, risks and benefits, and a clear explanation about their option to participate voluntarily or not in the study was provided to each participant. Declaration 4219148 Details of ethics approval: This study did not require regional ethics committee (REC) review as it met all of the criteria for Service Evaluation. Declaration 5291979 Details on ethical approval at each site and the reference numbers are enclosed in Additional file 2. Declaration 2974195 Disclaimer The authors do not report any conflict of interest concerning the materials or methods used in this study or the findings specified in this paper. Declaration 5093180 DisclaimerAlthough the study design was discussed with the sponsor, they had no role in the implementation, data collection, and interpretation of results. Declaration 4888759 DisclaimerMention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. Declaration 6224015 DisclaimerThe authors declare that this manuscript has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal. Declaration 5813411 DisclaimerThe content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Cancer Institute, or the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 4557602 DisclaimerThe contents of this paper reflect authors views who are responsible for the accuracy of the information presented herein. Declaration 6068125 DisclaimerThe funding agencies had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 5330033 DisclaimerThe opinions and assertions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent official interpretation, policy, or views of the IDF. Declaration 5802050 DisclaimerThe sponsor had no role in the design of the study, the collection and analysis of the data, or the preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 4196523 DisclaimerThe state of the evidence in the diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease is limited, conflicting and evolving. Declaration 4845385 DisclaimerThe views expressed in the submitted article are the authors and not an official position of the institutions. Declaration 4241484 DisclaimerWritten informed consent was obtained from each patient or next of kin for publication of this case report and accompanying images. Declaration 3600248 Disclosure No competing financial conflicts exist for any author-investigator. Declaration 2933006 Disclosure No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Declaration 3020299 Disclosure of Potential Conflict of Interest No potential conflict of interest was disclosed. Declaration 3974887 Disclosure of potential conflicts of interestA. Declaration 4186031 Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of InterestAll authors declare that they have no support from any organization for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. Declaration 4130255 Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of InterestAll authors have no conflict of interest regarding this study. Declaration 4181005 Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of InterestAuthors Huang T, Li Y, Luo D, Tao J, Fu B, Si G, Nong Y, and Mo Z declare to have received institutional funding/grants from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA for the conduct of Rota trials. Declaration 4048346 Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of InterestNo potential conflicts of interest were disclosed. Declaration 4181028 Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare no financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence their work. Declaration 4162062 Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4130273 Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of InterestThe authors of the manuscript do not have any financial conflicts of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of the manuscript. Declaration 3514819 Disclosure PolicyNone declared Declaration 4234006 Disclosure statement: The authors declare no competing interests. Declaration 4309499 Disclosure Statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 4215937 Disclosure statement: The authors have no disclosures regarding this manuscript. Declaration 3320758 Disclosure Statement: There are no conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 6055729 DISCLOSURE STATEMENTThe authors declare no conflict of interest. Declaration 3678443 Disclosure The authors report no declarations of interest. Declaration 5649481 DisclosureAuthors report no conflict of interest. Declaration 4034170 DisclosureNo potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. Declaration 3128751 Disclosures All remaining authors declare that they have no proprietary, financial, professional, nor any other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product or services and/or company that could be construed or considered to be a potential conflict of interest that might have influenced the views expressed in this manuscript. Declaration 4261135 DisclosuresConflict of Interest: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 3992219 DisclosuresConflict of Interest: Takuji Iwashita, Shinpei Doi, and Ichiro Yasuda declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 4124245 DisclosuresConflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 4331596 DisclosuresConflict of Interest:Eiichiro Suzuki, Yoshihiko Ooka, Tetsuhiro Chiba, Kazufumi Kobayashi, Naoya Kanogawa, Tenyu Motoyama, Tomoko Saito, Sadahisa Ogasawara, Akinobu Tawada and Osamu Yokosuka declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 4548008 DisclosuresConflict of Interest:Hiromichi Kawaida, Hiroshi Kono, Mitsuaki Watanabe, Akira Maki, Hidetake Amemiya, Masanori Matsuda, Hideki Fujii, Mitsuharu Fukasawa, Ei Takahashi, Katsuhiro Sano and Tomohiro Inoue declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 4037559 DisclosuresConflict of Interest:Masaaki Nishi, Hideki Kawasaki, Masahiko Fujii, Miya Nagahashi, Masayoshi Obatake, Makoto Shirai, Koji Yamamoto and Masamitsu Harada declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 3915077 DisclosuresConflict of Interest:The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 4481294 DisclosuresConflict of Interest:Yuichi Takano, Masatsugu Nagahama, Eiichi Yamamura, Naotaka Maruoka, Hiroki Mizukami, Jun-ichi Tanaka, Nobuyuki Ohike, and Hiroshi Takahashi declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 4261136 DisclosuresConflict of InterestAtsushi Mitsunaga, Tomoko Tagata, Tetsuya Hamano, Honami Teramoto, Motoyasu Kan, Yutaka Mitsunaga, Maki Tobari, Izumi Shirato, Miho Shirato, Shuhei Yoshida, Masahiko Shimada, and Takayoshi Nishino declare that they have no conflict of interest. Declaration 4498277 DisclosuresDr Appelman-Dijkstra declares no conflicts of interest. Declaration 3758510 DisclosuresNo potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. Declaration 3600230 DisclosureThe authors declare no use of outside funding nor any competing interests. Declaration 4008028 DisclosureThe authors declare that we have no affiliation with or financial involvement in any organization or entity with a direct financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in the paper. Declaration 3583084 DisclosureThe authors do not have any disclosure or conflict of interests that they would like to declare in relation to this paper. Declaration 3792516 DisclosureThe authors hereby declare that this paper is sponsored by all contributing authors and that they have not received any Grant or support financially or otherwise from any agent or agency. Declaration 3376254 DisclosureThe authors report no conflict of interest concerning the materials or methods used in this study or the findings specified in this paper. Declaration 6185933 DisclosureThe authors report no conflict of interest. Declaration 3502773 DisclosureThe views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense or the US Government. Declaration 3600285 DisclosureThere is no financial disclosure of any of the authors. Declaration 6176265 DNA and serum from consenting DM1-affected participants have been stored at the MRC Centre Biobank for Rare and Neuromuscular Diseases, The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University. Declaration 4078235 Drs Trauner, Borrell, Reither, and Gagneux have no conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 4334084 Duality of InterestNo potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. Declaration 6055741 Due to an administrative error, informed consent was not obtained from individual respondents specifically for this research. Declaration 5488410 Due to routine introduction of a CE-marked test in our laboratory, patient approval was waived by the ethics committee. Declaration 4077245 DVA reviewed and approved the manuscript submitted for publication but played no role in the analysis or interpretation of the data and in the preparation of this manuscript. Declaration 5683206 Each mother and head of household provided verbal consent to the survey before survey procedures were carried out. Declaration 4243006 Each participant or his/her legally authorized representative provided written informed consent before entering the study in compliance with the applicable local regulations. Declaration 4372688 Each patient was informed about the aim of study and gave written consent for examinations and data publication. Declaration 5330114 EB, SO, YB and AE declare no funding source for this research. Declaration 3987491 EDCTP cannot accept any responsibility for information or views expressed herein. Declaration 4387268 Edward Gane declares advisory/speaker relationships with Gilead, Achillion, Merck, Idenix, Novira, and Novartis. Declaration 5075752 Ethical approval and consent to participateApproved by Melbourne Health Human Research Ethics Committee as a quality assurance project (QA2015082) for conducting and publication of the result of the publication. Declaration 4946176 Ethical approval and consent to participateBecause this study used already-existing, HIPAA-compliant, fully de-identified data, it was exempt from IRB review. Declaration 5047045 Ethical approval and consent to participateBecause this study used fully de-identified data, it was exempt from Institutional Review Board review. Declaration 5683356 Ethical approval and consent to participateEthical clearance from University of Waterloo Ethics Review Board (ORE #20670) and the Ghana Health Service Ethics Review Committee (GHS-ERC 02/03/15) were sought and granted before the commence of the study. Declaration 5683547 Ethical approval and consent to participateEthical clearance was obtained from the ethics committee of the Faculty of Social Science of University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Declaration 5120440 Ethical approval and consent to participateNot applicable (review of published literature). Declaration 5391608 Ethical approval and consent to participateNot applicable due to type of article with the exclusively use of previously published data. Declaration 5165711 Ethical approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Declaration 5126997 Ethical approval and consent to participateObtained from the ethics committee of the Marseille University Hospital (Comité Consultatif de Protection des Personnes dans la Recherche Biomédicale) for the Acurasys trial and from Comité Consultatif de Protection des Personnes dans la Recherche Biomedicale Sud-Est IV, Lyon, for the Proseva trial. Declaration 5309978 Ethical approval and consent to participateThe study is a meta-analysis, so ethical approval and consent to participate were not required. Declaration 5951166 Ethical approval and informed consentFor this type of retrospective study formal consent is not required. Declaration 4473085 Ethical standardsThe study protocol was approved by the National Data Protection Authority (Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertésâ€‿CNIL) which oversees ethical issues and protection of individual data collection in France. Declaration 5348741 Ethics approval and consent to participateEthics approval was granted by the North Wales Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 12/WAL/0050). Declaration 5148899 Ethics approval and consent to participateEthics approval was granted by the University of British Columbia Behavioural Research Ethics Board (certificate H10-01257). Declaration 5247806 Ethics approval and consent to participateEthics approval was granted by The University of Wollongong/Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District Social Sciences HREC (HE15/084). Declaration 6006752 Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Declaration 5025626 Ethics approval and consent to participateOur review of literature does not need Ethics approval and consent. Declaration 5683535 Ethics approval and consent to participateReported studies do not involve human participants, human data or human tissue. Declaration 5330124 Ethics approval and consent to participateResearch involving animals. Declaration 5415835 Ethics approval and consent to participateStudies involving animals:The animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Declaration 5415818 Ethics approval and consent to participateStudies involving human tissue:The informed consents were obtained from the involved patients, this study was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Human Ethics Committee of Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, xi’an, China. Declaration 5429556 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe At-Risk Youth Study has been approved by the Providence Health Care/University of British Columbia’s Ethics Board. Declaration 5120458 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe At-Risk Youth Study has been approved by the Providence Health Care/University of British Columbia’s Research Ethics Board. Declaration 5018198 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe Ethics Committee of Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University approved the study, and all participants provided written informed consent. Declaration 5045860 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe ethics committee of the University of Munich gave ethical approval and waived the need for informed consent of the patients. Declaration 5051066 Ethics approval and consent to participateThe experimental procedures involving animals were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Declaration 4743611 Financial & competing interests disclosure Declaration 4710405 Findings and views expressed in this work are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization with which they are affiliated. Declaration 4629403 Fisher & Paykel had no role in designing or conducting the study; collecting, analyzing, or interpreting the data; writing the manuscript; or deciding to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 3615526 Fishing licenses were provided by Direcção Regional dos Recursos Florestais (DGRF). Declaration 5237642 Flow cytometry was performed in the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC) and Center for AIDS Research Flow Cytometry Core Facility that is supported by National Institutes of Health awards AI-28697, and award number P30CA016042, the JCCC, the UCLA AIDS Institute, and the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. Declaration 5774115 For all patients oral informed consent was obtained. Declaration 5749960 Funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; or preparation, review or approval of the article. Declaration 5615287 Funders had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this article. Declaration 5459245 Funders played no role in the design and conduct of the study, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, and in the preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Declaration 5013586 FundingNo funding to declare. Declaration 5751395 FundingNone declared by the authors. Declaration 5168587 FundingThe authors declare that they have no sources of funding for the research. Declaration 5159965 FundingThe authors declare that they have received no external funding. Declaration 6240950 FundingThere is no funding to declare. Declaration 5590099 Guohua Hou dedicates this work to Professor Qi-Lin Zhou on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Declaration 3128751 He declared no competing interests that might be perceived to influence the content of this article. Declaration 4865388 He wrote on his own behalf, and the information provided and views expressed are those of the authors and should not be attributed to Novo Nordisk, Inc. Declaration 5330140 Hence ethic approval is not applicable for this article. Declaration 3975086 Henning Blume and Ralph-Steven Wedemeyer declared no conflict of interest relevant to this manuscript. Declaration 4070462 HF declares that his employer has a royalty agreement with EB. Declaration 4799785 Honorarium: None declared. Declaration 3427967 Hopefully increased awareness of complications will lead to more systematic review of their rate of occurrence and understanding of causation as well as inclusion into patient disclosures rather than prompt overzealous regulatory knee-jerk reactions. Declaration 5226106 However the views expressed are those of the authors and should not be attributed to any other agency or individual. Declaration 3402673 However, Medtronic Navigation did not have access to the data used in this article, was not involved in writing the article, and had no veto right with regard to its content. Declaration 4976065 However, no potential conflict of interest to this study was reported. Declaration 4473085 However, owing to the descriptive and non-interventional design of this survey, approval by an ethics committee was not required, and the study was not submitted to registration. Declaration 5427560 However, the analyses, conclusions, opinions and statements expressed herein are those of the author and not necessarily those of CIHI. Declaration 4331596 Human/Animal Rights:All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008(5). Declaration 4712234 I am head of the Reference Center Mammography Screening Munich which is responsible for quality assurance and training of screeners in Bavaria and Thuringia. Declaration 5683333 Identifiable information was removed when KCDC released the data; thus, ethics approval was not required. Declaration 5693486 Identifiable information was removed when National Youth Policy Institute released the data; thus, ethics approval was not required. Declaration 5388994 If consent was declined, all collected samples and ECGs were discarded. Declaration 5558723 Ilaria Massaro, Oliviero Rossi and Carlo Lombardi declare that they have no competing interests. Declaration 3262165 In addition to the authors, several developers dedicated significant time to LORIS: Matt Charlet, Andrew Cordery, David Brownlee, Sebastian Muehlboeck, Zia Mohaddes, David MacFarlane, Tarek Sherif, Johnny Wong, Mia Petkova, Christine Rogers, Denise Milovan, Rozie Arnaoutelis, and Penelope Kostopoulos. Declaration 5898885 In addition, the first author wants to dedicate this paper to his family (Rita de Cassia and Nicolas Cunha). Declaration 3901741 In addition, the first author wants to dedicate this paper to his family (Rita de Cassia, Luana Cunha, Nicolas Cunha and Dejanira Cunha). Declaration 5740770 In addition, the supporting organization was not involved in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 5465531 In line with French legislation, all patients (or their surrogates) were provided with study information and gave their informed consent to participation. Declaration 5388994 In this case, the patients were asked to give informed consent after they had regained capacity. Declaration 5361814 Individual consent was obtained from all participants. Declaration 3657421 Informed consent for case publication was obtained. Declaration 3678143 Informed consent for publication was obtained from the patient who is the subject of this case report. Declaration 5916224 Informed consent was obtained for any experimentation with human subjects. Declaration 4778143 Institutional Review Board approval and written informed consent was not required because this is a consensus paper. Declaration 3716445 Interpretation and reporting of these data were solely the responsibility of the authors. Declaration 5332908 It does not necessarily reflect its views and in no way anticipates the Commission’s future policy in this area. Declaration 3488297 It does not necessarily reflect the Commission's views and in no way anticipates its future policy in this area. Declaration 5283071 It is approved by all authors, and tacitly or explicitly where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere including electronically in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the copyright-holder. Declaration 4219148 It was designed solely to judge current care; it was designed to determine the standard achieved by the service; it measured the current service without reference to a standard; it involved an intervention in use only; it involved the analysis of existing data as well as the use of a questionnaire; there was no allocation to an intervention, the latter being chosen by surgeons and patients before evaluation; there was no randomization of patients or treatments. Declaration 2995772 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NSF. Declaration 5295802 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute. Declaration 2613137 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 6033965 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIAMS, NIDA, NIH, the Department of Veterans Affairs, or the United States Government. Declaration 5920422 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIFA. Declaration 3794296 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Declaration 4517101 Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Qatar National Research Fund. Declaration 5664576 Jenny van Odijk declares that she has no competing interests. Declaration 3990862 Jinyang Gu, Xingyu Wu, Lu Lei, Zhang Shu, Jianling Bai, Jun Wang, Jun Li, and Yitao Ding declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Declaration 4359179 Kinetica was used under academic license from Innaphase Ltd, France (Lic. Declaration 3036160 Live captures in 2002 were authorized by IBAMA through special license 080/02-DIFAS/DIREC/IBAMA. Declaration 4857863 Lundbeck was not responsible for creation of the study protocol, the data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the manuscript. Declaration 5363025 MAP, TB, IP, JK, RL and MR have no disclosures. Declaration 4732445 Medical management of sea turtles at New England Aquarium was performed with authorization of the US Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service and the US Department of Commerce National Marine Fisheries Service. Declaration 5704143 Mention of commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. Declaration 5751910 Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture or University of California. Declaration 4172817 MEXT had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 4911688 MGA was granted patents the variable pressure support ventilation, which is licensed to Dräger Medical AG (Lübeck, Germany). Declaration 3585770 Neither of the other authors have any conflict of interest to disclose. Declaration 5439363 NIH played no role in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing the report; or the decision to submit the report for publication. Declaration 5609533 No competing financial interests have been declared. Declaration 4086009 No conflict of interest exists for any of the authors. Declaration 3745946 No ethical approval was deemed for this work. Declaration 4269819 No further conflict of interest is declared. Declaration 5664819 No further ethics approvals or consent were required in carrying out the survey. Declaration 4185899 No other conflicts of interest are declared. Declaration 4495250 No other disclosures were reported. Declaration 4992292 No other financial and non-financial conflicts of interest exist. Declaration 5687104 No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported Declaration 6190808 No potential conflict of interest is reported. Declaration 4375564 Opinions and points of view expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect any official position or policy. Declaration 5120458 Participants were assured during the informed consent process and throughout each study visit that their responses were confidential. Declaration 5683218 Participants were assured of privacy and their informed consent was taken. Declaration 5772597 Participation in the study was entirely voluntary and based upon the participant signing a written informed consent form. Declaration 5480193 Patient consent to participate was not needed. Declaration 4650972 Patient consent: written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. Declaration 4374320 Patient consentThe patients were explained about the study. Declaration 4243006 Patient informed consent statementAll procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000. Declaration 4770068 Patient pictures were kindly provided by Dr Jane Ranneva after obtaining informed consent from the patients. Declaration 3834161 Paul Wicks is employed by PatientsLikeMe® and has a conflict of interest related to employment, holding PatientsLikeMe® stock grants received, and has provided consultancy to multiple global pharmaceutical companies. Declaration 5132372 Permissions to survey biology faculty and receive consent to use the results of the survey were obtained from the University of Georgia Institutional Review Board (STUDY00001138) and Gallaudet University Institutional Review Board (2452). Declaration 4359179 SimCYP program was used under academic license from SimCYP Ltd, Sheffield, UK (Lic. Declaration 5693550 Since this is a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, this study was considered non-human and did not require ethics approval. Declaration 4261964 Specimens were collected after authorization provided by ICMBio/SISBIO (license numbers 31360-1 and 27027-2). Declaration 5906531 Sponsors had no role in the design or execution of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 5437683 SSHRC had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and in writing the manuscript. Declaration 4600957 The analysis software (VECTOPOR) is now licensed by the Agence de Protection des Programmes (APP). Declaration 2662403 The author declares no competing financial interests in this work. Declaration 5808297 The author declares no conflict of interest. Declaration 3585953 The author declares no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the contents of this study. Declaration 4936182 The author declares that he has no other competing interests. Declaration 3585689 The author has no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this commentary. Declaration 3585691 The author has no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this review. Declaration 3586087 The author has no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this study. Declaration 3787305 The author has no financial conflicts of interest. Declaration 5360414 The author is fully responsible for content and editorial decisions for this manuscript. Declaration 4409862 The author perceives no conflicts of interest. Declaration 2943160 The author reports no conflicts of interest in this work. Declaration 3355984 The author reports no conflicts of interest. Declaration 3927118 The author was fully responsible for all content and editorial decisions, was involved at all stages of manuscript development, and has approved the final version of the manuscript that reflects the author’s interpretation and conclusions. Declaration 4359186 The author was fully responsible for the content and editorial decisions of this manuscript. Declaration 5385021 The authors acquired oral consent from the participants. Declaration 3600229 The authors alone are responsible for that they have the content and writing of the paper. Declaration 5648300 The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article. Declaration 3399211 The authors are responsible for the contents of this publication. Declaration 4131140 The authors are responsible for writing of the article and report no conflicts of financial, consulting and personal interests. Declaration 3585895 The authors confirm that they have read the Journal’s position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this report is consistent with those guidelines. Declaration 3586124 The authors contributed equally to this work This review was not supported by grants The authors certify that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in the review The authors hereby certify that all work contained in this review is the original work of Tommaso Iannitti, Daniele Lodi, and Beniamino Palmieri All the data from other articles, including tables and figures, have been referenced The authors claim full responsibility for the contents of the article. Declaration 5369340 The authors declare no competing financial interest. Declaration 5785823 The authors declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests in any product or service mentioned in this article, including grants, employment, gifts, stock holdings, or honoraria. Declaration 3585899 The authors declare no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this study. Declaration 5414599 The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Declaration 4559582 The authors declare no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. Declaration 4419853 The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article. Declaration 5544784 The authors declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. Declaration 5008158 The authors declare that no conflict of interests exist. Declaration 5025626 The authors declare that the article is original, has not already been published in a journal, and is not currently under consideration by another journal and that they agree to the terms of the BioMed Central Copyright and License Agreement. Declaration 5875531 The authors declare that there are no conflicting financial interests. Declaration 4322476 The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests. Declaration 6166286 The authors declare that this study has not received financial support. Declaration 5071653 The authors dedicate this manuscript to the memory of Patrick Tang and Donald Low; without whose support and lifetime dedication to public health, these analyses would not have been possible. Declaration 4999895 The authors dedicate this manuscript to the memory of Professor Dale Pelligrino who was a dedicated neuroscience scientist, encouraging mentor, and good friend. Declaration 5573718 The authors dedicate this work to the memory of Professor WÅ‚odzimierz Zagórski-Ostoja, who was actively involved in its initial stages. Declaration 5330112 The authors dedicate this work to the victims and their families in the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident. Declaration 4975715 The authors have no conflict of interests to declare. Declaration 5083944 The authors have no conflict of interests. Declaration 6077197 The authors have no conflicting financial interests. Declaration 3585834 The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article. Declaration 3585845 The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this manuscript. Declaration 3585694 The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this study. Declaration 3568200 The authors have no conflicts of interest that are relevant to the contents of this manuscript. Declaration 3585841 The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are directly relevant to the content of this article. Declaration 3663980 The authors have no other conflicts of interest that are directly related to the content of this study. Declaration 3627021 The authors have no other conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article. Declaration 4645473 The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. Declaration 5667459 The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 4213377 The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose. Declaration 4801858 The authors have no potential conflicts of interest, affiliations, or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed herein. Declaration 4694613 The authors meet criteria for authorship as recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and were fully responsible for all aspects of manuscript development. Declaration 3585832 The authors meet the criteria for authorship as recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and were fully responsible for all content and editorial decisions, and were involved at all stages of manuscript development. Declaration 4927599 The authors of this manuscript declare following relationships with companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article: Non-remunerated cooperation with Localite GmbH in the development of the navigation software, and non-remunerated cooperation with Invivo GmbH in the development of the MR-compatible needle holder. Declaration 5486805 The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships to any companies whose product or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. Declaration 5987855 The authors were fully responsible for all content and editorial decisions for this article. Declaration 5409189 The authors were fully responsible for all content and editorial decisions for this manuscript. Declaration 4641403 The authors were fully responsible for all content and editorial decisions, and received no financial support or other form of compensation related to the development of this manuscript. Declaration 4486092 The authors were fully responsible for all content and editorial decisions, were involved in all stages of manuscript development and approved the final version. Declaration 3994919 The authors were fully responsible for the content, editorial decisions, and opinions expressed in the current article. Declaration 5327685 The authors would like to dedicate this paper to the late Judith Misch, IDF medical informatics, whose assistance with this paper began in 1983 and continued through the 25 year follow up. Declaration 3580130 The BET procedure was approved by Ethics Committee of Military Institute of Medicine and was performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. Declaration 5112669 The board waived the need for signed consent for patients included in the study. Declaration 5463489 The boards waived the requirement for informed consent because of the retrospective nature of the JSEPTIC DIC study. Declaration 6084086 The Cancer Registry of Nor-way is not responsible for the analysis or interpretation of the data presented. Declaration 5678485 The company had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. Declaration 4355459 The consent form is held by the authors and is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief. Declaration 5628188 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of the National Institutes of Health. Declaration 6034235 The data are not publicly available due to containing information that could compromise participant consent. Declaration 5806485 The data are not publicly available due to them containing information that could compromise research participant privacy/consent. Declaration 5529114 The dataset supporting the conclusions of this article is not publicly available, as we did not receive ethical approval for its publication, due to the small number of participants. Declaration 4320771 The empirical analysis uses data obtained under license from the IMS Health Incorporated MIDASâ„¢ database. Declaration 5348741 The ethics committee confirmed that no patient consent was required. Declaration 6167129 The European Commission was not involved in the collection, interpretation, and analysis of the data, nor in the decision for writing and submitting this report for publication. Declaration 4636061 The European Union and the HIR had no role in the study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. Declaration 4595539 The European Union was not involved in designing and conducting this study, did not have access to the data, and was not involved in data analysis or preparation of this manuscript. Declaration 4476861 The funder played no role in the analysis or final interpretation and presentation of the data. Declaration 5104779 The funders had no role at any stage in the paper. Declaration 5131611 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 5878830 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis. Declaration 5766652 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. Declaration 5146853 The funders of HIV project had no role in the study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 5346430 The funders supplied the treatments used in this study but had no role in the conception of the study, its design, preparation, analysis and writing of the manuscript. Declaration 6276981 The funding agencies did not have input into the content of the manuscript and the views described in the manuscript reflect those of the authors and not necessarily those of the funding agencies. Declaration 5459257 The ideas presented in this paper represent the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the NSF, the NIDA, or the NIH. Declaration 5333374 The iElectrodes toolbox uses subroutines authored by Jimmy Shen (“Tools for NIfTI and ANALYZE image‿), Qianqian Fang and David Boas (“iso2mesh‿), Levente Hunyadi (“spherefit‿), and Divahar Jayaraman (“Cylinder‿) that are covered by a BSD-license allowing modification and re-distribution. Declaration 2882045 The imaging was performed in the SFC Brain Imaging Research Centre (www/sbirc. Declaration 5052314 The informed consent procedure was approved the Medisch Spectrum Twente Hospital’s Review Board. Declaration 5379500 The list of ethical bodies is provided in Additional file 7. Declaration 6291460 The local ethics committee approved this work and the patients consented to have their artwork appear as part of this study. Declaration 5209452 The local research ethics committee (UCLH committee alpha) gave ethical approval and written informed consent was originally obtained from all participants. Declaration 6230680 The materials presented and views expressed here are the responsibility of the authors only. Declaration 5347911 The microscopy was performed in the NECEN cryo‿EM facility in Leiden. Declaration 4662171 The Ministry of Health and Welfare had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. Declaration 4219379 The NWO and MRC had no role in study design; in data collection, analysis, or interpretation; in writing the report; or in the decision to submit for publication. Declaration 5139087 The objectives of the study were made clear to respondents before their voluntary participation and individual written informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Declaration 5808049 The opinions and conclusions in this study are not necessarily those of the various national centers nor of the WHO. Declaration 4094607 The opinions expressed are solely those of the authors, and the authors confirm independence from the funding source. Declaration 4331380 The opinions expressed are solely those of the authors, who confirm that they worked independently from the funding source. Declaration 3634322 The opinions expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Funding Bodies. Declaration 4710403 The opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of our funders, who played no role in the preparation of this article. Declaration 5731183 The opinions expressed reflect those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the US government, or the Baylor College of Medicine. Declaration 5334446 The other authors (Joyce Bomers, Jurgen Futterer and Derya Yakar) have no conflicts of interest. Declaration 4600517 The present article was arisen from the sub special thesis written by Iraj Shahramian and was approved by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences ethics committee No CT-P-9363-6633 and IRCT code of IRCT2014071418472N1. Declaration 5733361 The present scientific contribution is dedicated to the 650th anniversary of the foundation of the University of Pécs, Hungary. Declaration 2481472 The present work is attributed to the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Declaration 5996097 The protocol was approved by the ATR ethical committee (approval code:16-601-1). Declaration 5422873 The purpose of the study and CASI interview procedures were clearly explained to each participant prior to the interview by research team members, and informed consent was taken from all participants. Declaration 4705633 The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of the Hannover Medical School (chair: Hans-Dieter Tröger; Carl-Neuberg-Str. Declaration 5343541 The study sponsors had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 5127878 The views expressed are those of the authors alone. Declaration 5836989 The views expressed are those of the authors. Declaration 2682406 The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the ministry. Declaration 3179275 The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the OMOHLTC. Declaration 5125981 The views expressed here are the opinion of the authors and do not represent the official policy of the VA. Declaration 5758508 The work is dedicated to Ellen Hamacher who died during the finalization of the manuscript. Declaration 4391286 There are no conflicts of interest to declare. Declaration 3419349 There are no conflicts of interest. Declaration 4992194 There are no further competing interests to declare. Declaration 4779118 These sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Declaration 5681845 They had no role in gathering, analyzing, or interpreting the data. Declaration 2447554 This investigation was conducted and reported solely by the authors. Declaration 4451745 This letter is solely the work of the author. Declaration 5527500 This material is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence except where otherwise stated. Declaration 6094994 This work was performed in part at the High Performance Computing Cluster (HPCC) which is supported by Information and Communication Technology Office (ICTO) of the University of Macau. Declaration 5717366 Trade names or commercial products in this publication are mentioned solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. Declaration 6288965 Transcripts of the focus groups are stored as per ethical approval requirement. Declaration 5422940 Verbal consent was obtained from children. Declaration 3724058 We confirm that we have read the journal’s position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this report is consistent with those guidelines. Declaration 5838799 We declare that the authors have no conflict of interest. Declaration 4008391 We declare that they do not have any conflicts of interests to disclose. Declaration 4617846 We declare that we do not have any commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the work submitted. Declaration 5894936 We dedicate our study to Melanie Widmer. Declaration 5450438 We dedicate this article to Dr Timothy Leedham, whose passion for alkoxide chemistry and simple belief for solving difficult problems with basic solutions remains with us after his unexpected departure. Declaration 5878069 We dedicate this article to the memory of IRC staff member Elysée Kalemwa, who was instrumental to conducting the qualitative assessment and implementing many of the program changes described here. Declaration 4470320 We dedicate this article to the memory of Xavier Leverve, MD, PhD, who did not live to see the results of this study. Declaration 5816029 We dedicate this mini-review to the memory of Ji-Zeng Du, our dear supervisor, who passed away on June 30, 2017 while this research was in progress and our friend and collaborator, John Coote, who passed away on Nov 27, 2018 before the submission of our mini-review. Declaration 5459253 We dedicate this paper to the loving memory of our coauthor, Ann Wright. Declaration 6191501 We dedicate this paper to the memory of our colleague, friend, group leader and mentor AR. Declaration 6004388 We dedicate this paper to the memory of our colleague, friend, group leader, and mentor Antonius Rolink. Declaration 3264885 We dedicate this work to him. Declaration 5944263 We dedicate this work to our patients. Declaration 6121847 We dedicate this work to the brave students of Nicaragua. Declaration 4813342 We dedicate this work to the memory of Ian Spencer. Declaration 6251214 We did not obtain consent for data sharing, so we will only make anonymised data available. Declaration 5267412 We do not foresee any conflict of interest as data will be made freely available to the public and the CATC, and the Universities have no ability to prevent publication and dissemination of knowledge. Declaration 2623293 We do not have conflicts of interest related to this article. Declaration 5126997 We had all necessary consent from any patients involved in both the original trials. Declaration 6087743 We wish to dedicate this paper to the memory of the late Ton Rolink who greatly contributed to the better understanding of B cell development and to the fruitful interaction of the B cell community. Declaration 4498167 We would like to dedicate this article to all women with cervical cancer and hope that in the future cervical cancer will become a historical disease. Declaration 5583153 We would like to dedicate this manuscript to Fatou Manneh, who was an important member of our fieldwork and scanning team and sadly passed away in 2015. Declaration 5535005 We would like to dedicate this manuscript to Professor Jan D Marshall, who made an outstanding contribution to our understanding of AS. Declaration 2882048 We would like to dedicate this publication to the memory of our colleague Dagfinn Løvhaug who passed away unexpectedly in July 2009. Declaration 4417129 When required, written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Declaration 4476866 WHO had no role in data collection. Declaration 2206402 WHO, Regional Office for Europe was not involved in any part of the study described in this manuscript. Declaration 2374595 Written consent for publication was obtained from the patient. Declaration 5291979 Written consent from the patient (or legal representative), or a waiver according to the national regulations, was obtained before any study-specific procedures were performed. Declaration 4992292 Written consent was collected from all study participants for the publication of their de-identified data and accompanying images used in this manuscript. Declaration 4236425 Written informed consent for publication was provided by the patient and son; consent form is held by the author and the patient. Declaration 5101282 Written informed consent for the screening patients was waived by the Institutional Review Board. Declaration 5322658 Written informed consent was also obtained from healthy volunteers prior to blood sampling. Declaration 5408044 Written informed consent was not required for this study because consensus statement. Declaration 5968303 AcknowledgementNo funding was received. Declaration 2387148 All authors are independent from the funding bodies, and the opinions expressed are their own. Declaration 3004591 Bristol-Myers Squibb did not influence the content of the manuscript, nor did the author receive financial compensation for authoring the manuscript. Declaration 5120458 Brittany Barker is supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Doctoral Award. Declaration 4763938 Calculations were performed on the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by the NSF (OCI-1053575). Declaration 5633016 Calculations were performed on the MCIA of the University of Bordeaux, financed by the Conseil Régional d'Aquitaine and the French Ministry of Research and Technology. Declaration 6020614 Computational work was performed using systems run by the Center for Scientific Computing at UCSB and is supported by NSF Grant CNS-0960316. Declaration 5237358 Consent for publicationThe corresponding author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors consent for publication. Declaration 4488495 Declaration of funding/acknowledgmentsThe author was not provided funding for development of this review. Declaration 4638094 DisclosuresThe development of these recommendations was entirely self-funded. Declaration 4566488 Funding sourceNo external funding sources were used for this study. Declaration 5731094 FundingNo funding received. Declaration 5563007 FundingNo funding was necessary for the production of this Commentary. Declaration 5521146 FundingNo funding was obtained for this study. Declaration 5613321 FundingNo funding was received for authoring this manuscript. Declaration 5702208 FundingNo funding was received for research leading to or in preparation of this manuscript. Declaration 5951166 FundingNo sources of funding were used to conduct this study or prepare this manuscript. Declaration 4895873 FundingNo specific funding was obtained for this study. Declaration 6202864 FundingNo specific funding was received for this study. Declaration 5956951 FundingThe author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Declaration 6134633 FundingThe Authors declare that they did not receive any funding for this manuscript. Declaration 6166286 FundingThe authors declare that this study has not received financial support. Declaration 5586058 FundingThe authors declare to have not received any funding for this work. Declaration 5217586 FundingThe authors did not receive any funds for conducting this study. Declaration 4898457 FundingThe authors of this study received no funding for this study. Declaration 4303366 However, the funders had a financial role only, and had no role in the study design, data collection, or analysis, or in the decision to publish. Declaration 5207332 However, the funding body played no role in the formulation of the design, methods, subject recruitment, data collection, analysis, or preparation of this paper. Declaration 3854921 No additional external funding was granted for this study. Declaration 3650570 No funding sources to acknowledge. Declaration 4608158 No funding support for this research was provided. Declaration 4638094 No funding support from pharmaceutical companies was received; no representatives of pharmaceutical companies were involved at any step in the development of these recommendations. Declaration 6118264 No funding was involved in the preparation of this article or in the decision to submit it for publication. Declaration 4313700 No funding was obtained for this review specifically. Declaration 2409317 No funding was obtained in association with the writing of this commentary. Declaration 4403521 No funding was obtained specifically for this review. Declaration 5840676 No funding was received for the additional review and data interpretation carried out specifically for this manuscript. Declaration 4754801 No other form of funding was received. Declaration 5295808 No research funds were received by any author of this article. Declaration 5121551 No specific funding has been received for this work. Declaration 4638094 None of the authors received any fees, grants or emoluments for the development of these recommendations. Declaration 6254686 None of the funding bodies played any part in the study conception, design, or conduct of the study. Declaration 6214335 None of the funding sources contributed to the design, performance, analysis, or reporting of this study. Declaration 4608312 None, no funding source was involved. Declaration 5614747 Our paper has no funding. Declaration 4754801 Source of fundingAll authors were employees of University of Charité Berlin, Germany, when study was performed. Declaration 4191193 The authors declare no competing financial interests. Declaration 4403814 The authors declare that no sources of funding were received for this study. Declaration 5319157 The authors declare that there was no role of these funding bodies in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. Declaration 5677382 The authors did not receive any financial assistance from or have any personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Declaration 5345989 The authors did not receive any grants in support of writing this manuscript. Declaration 5948815 The authors did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors for this research. Declaration 4354380 The funding agencies had no direct role in the study design, data analysis, or interpretation of the findings. Declaration 6143677 The funding agencies had no influence on the study design. Declaration 5655864 The funding agencies had no involvement in the study design, the analysis or interpretation of the data, the writing of the report, or the decision to submit for publication. Declaration 6061203 The funding agencies had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 5640414 The funding agencies were not involved in the study design, interpretation of the data, or writing the paper. Declaration 4644183 The funding agency had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, and the decision to publish the manuscript. Declaration 4455845 The funding agency had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, the decision to publish, or the preparation of the manuscript. Declaration 4516205 The funding agency had no role in the study design, data collection/analysis, and the decision to publish the manuscript. Declaration 6165777 The funding agency has no involvement with the design of the study or the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, as well as writing of the manuscript. Declaration 5734238 The funding bodies did not have any role in designing the study as well as in collecting, analyzing and interpreting the data or in writing the manuscript. Declaration 5471911 The funding bodies do not have any role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and in writing this manuscript. Declaration 5513120 The funding bodies were not involved in study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript. Declaration 4622490 The funding bodies were not involved in the study design, data collection, and analysis or in writing the report. Declaration 5422938 The funding body did not assist with the writing of the manuscript. Declaration 4422532 The funding body did not have any role in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the study, nor did it have any role in the decision to submit for publication. Declaration 5422938 The funding body did not participate in the design of the study nor in the collection, analysis, nor interpretation of data. Declaration 6215917 The funding body had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, or in the manuscript writing. Declaration 6161708 The funding body had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, or manuscript writing. Declaration 5055654 The funding body played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript. Declaration 4827599 The funding body played no role in the formulation of the design, methods, subject recruitment, data collection, analysis, or preparation of this paper. Declaration 6076389 The funding body requested a widening of the original sample of staff prior to issuing funding, but had no involvement in the collection, analysis, interpretation of data or writing the manuscript. Declaration 4886397 The funding body was funding involved via a representative on the project’s advisory committee. Declaration 6080513 The funding body was not involved in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data or writing the manuscript. Declaration 5880082 The funding body was not involved in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report or in the decision to submit the article for publication. Declaration 5767032 The funding did not influence the results of the study. Declaration 5951146 The funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research. Declaration 5108501 The funding organization played no role in design and conduct of the study, data collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data nor in the preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Declaration 4590701 The funding organizations had no role in the design and conduct of the study; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or in the preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Declaration 4213493 The funding organizations had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of data or writing and submission of the manuscript. Declaration 4606899 The funding source had no involvement in the collection, analysis or interpretation of data, in the writing of the article or in the decision to submit it for publication. Declaration 4486833 The funding source had no involvement in the conduction of the research. Declaration 4158998 The funding source had no involvement in the study. Declaration 5804285 The funding source had no role in study design, data collection, and data analysis. Declaration 5885985 The funding source had no role in study design, data extraction, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. Declaration 2954294 The funding source had no role in the study design, analysis and interpretation of data, writing the manuscript or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Declaration 5798545 The funding source has no influence on selection of data, its evaluation, or the decision to publish the found results. Declaration 4628307 There was no funding for this analysis. Declaration 6005330 There was no other funding for this work. Declaration 2245922 There was no specific funding for this piece of work. Declaration 6037689 A pre-print version of this manuscript is available on BioRxiv (69). Declaration 526761 AcknowledgementWritten permission was obtained from the patient for publication of this research. Declaration 6205792 Availability of data and materialsAll data are available upon request. Declaration 5967039 Availability of data and materialsAll data can be made available from the authors upon reasonable request and permission from participating OST clinics. Declaration 5441005 Availability of data and materialsAll data used in the current study are furnished in the text and tables. Declaration 5889562 Availability of data and materialsData are available from first author upon request. Declaration 6288965 Availability of data and materialsData sharing is not applicable to article as no data sets were generated or analysed during this current study. Declaration 6263054 Availability of data and materialsNot applicable Declaration 5899338 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 5316168 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 5422938 Availability of data and materialsThe datasets analyzed for the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration 4488474 Ethical approvalAll procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Declaration 3610404 Permission has been obtained from the patient for the reproduction of the images in Figure 2. Declaration 6193078 A pre-print version of this paper is available on the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory server, bioRxiv (72). Declaration 4608334 Acknowledgments:We affirm that no person other than the main authors has contributed to this manuscript. Declaration 6005299 AcknowledgmentsAll authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Declaration 4293163 AcknowledgmentsFunding for this study was provided by Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) and Michael Smith Foundation (EJLB-CIHR) Michael Smith Foundation, and CIHR and the EJLB Michael Smith Foundation had no further role in study design. Declaration 4354507 AcknowledgmentsNo sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this paper. Declaration 4699473 AcknowledgmentsThe sponsor of this study, Redlip Madrid SL, was involved in the design and conduct of the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; and in the preparation, review, and approval of this manuscript. Declaration 6050950 We would like to apologize in advance to many authors and colleagues whose work was not directly discussed in this review owing to space limitations. Declaration 4358219 While all efforts were made to provide a comprehensive review on this topic, the author sincerely apologizes for any studies that may have been inadvertently overlooked during creation of the manuscript. Declaration 5678477 Woo YS, Kim JB, Lee MS, Kim JM, Yim HW, and Jun TY have no conflicts of interest. Declaration 4544626 Zürcher Kantonal-bank had no influence on the study design and the analyses presented in this paper, had no access to the data, and did not contribute to this manuscript in any way. Declaration 5439937 The abstract is referenced as Autonomic Neuroscience: basic and clinic, 2015. Declaration 6090020 There is no objection to its presentation and/or publication. Declaration 3427967 There is no treatment algorithm that is presented or tested. Declaration 5388318 This case has not been presented elsewhere. Declaration 3597284 This conference report is not a consensus statement, therefore, some authors may not agree with all the opinions expressed herein. Declaration 6190808 This is a substudy of the larger TLSG, which was approved by the Human Research Ethical Committee (HREC) of the SU. Declaration 4614624 This work is a part of the academic thesis of Dr Pauline Haroutunian in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Declaration 5365006 This is a publication by the FOM Focus Group ‘Next Generation Organic Photovoltaics’, participating in the Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER). Declaration 4329995 This is a posthumous tribute to him, he devoted much of his life to studying, understanding, teaching, and disseminating what the keloid really is. Declaration 5645645 This work is a tribute to the memory of Professor Mauricio Martins Rodrigues. Declaration 4657587 This work is a publication of the U. S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. Declaration 6021780 All DFT calculations were performed at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, which is a U. S. DOE Office of Science Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. Declaration 3468020 Acknowledgement/disclosureThe current study was sponsored by Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC. Financial 3345874 Acknowledgments and disclosureThis study was supported by a research contract from Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California. Financial 3004569 Acknowledgments/disclosuresSupported in part by Fondazione ‘Amelia Scorza’ onlus, Cosenza, Italy. Financial 4823318 Acknowledgments/disclosuresThis study was sponsored by Takeda Development Center Americas, Deerfield, IL, USA. Financial 4614522 Acknowledgments/disclosureThe work was supported by the Clinical Epidemiology Research Foundation, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Financial 3469309 Acknowledgments/disclosureThis activity was supported by an educational grant provided by Allergan, Inc. Financial 4990165 AcknowledgmentsFunding for this work came from PATH on behalf of the Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition and from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, although the views expressed by the authors in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the donors, FHI 360, or MSI. Financial 5920414 AcknowledgmentsThe authors declare the financial support from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Serbia, grant III 46005. Financial 5042700 AcknowledgmentsThis study was solely funded by the USAID Victims of Torture Fund (VOT) under grant #101978. Financial 3180518 AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Canadian Institute of Health Research (MS, DRB, and IJD), and was performed in part at the Centre de recherché Clinique Étienne-Le Bel and the Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement de Sherbrooke, both centers funded by the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec. Financial 3678712 AcknowledgmentThis study was funded by Augustinusfonden, which had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Financial 5035451 Competing interestsThe author declares that he has received honoraria for advisory board and steering group meetings, lectures, and travel expenses from Abbott, Baxter, BBraun, Danone-Nutricia, Fresenius Kabi, Lyric, and Nestle-Novartis. Financial 5737813 Conflict of interest statement: DS declares honoraria from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Sysmex, Immunocore, Grünenthal Group, Merck Serono, Agenus, Array BioPharm, AstraZeneca, LEO Pharma, Incyte, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, Philogen, and Regeneron; reports a consultant or advisory role for Roche/Genentech, Novartis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Merck Serono, Sysmex, Amgen, Grünenthal Group, and Immunocore; and has received research funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb. Financial 4082241 Financial disclosure: this work was supported by the National Science Foundation (DMS-0714589 to Yi Ren), National Institutes of Health (R01GM100474-01 to Jianqing Fan and Yi Ren), a Joyce and Les Goodman scholarship (to Yi Ren), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81301996 to Tianxiang Chen; 81171156 to Xi Wang), and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LQ13H160012 to Tianxiang Chen). Financial 2822222 Financial disclosures: This study was supported by Sonocine, Inc. Financial 4544538 Funding and conflict of interestThe study was supported in part with funds from the Research Directorate of the European Commission under the seventh framework programme (grant number 223566) and United Nations Innnovative Financing to Shape Markets for HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis (UNITAID). Financial 4181005 GS also declare to have received support for travel to meetings for the study or other purposes from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA. Financial 4387268 Harry Janssen declares consultancy with and research support from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, Innogenetics, Merck, Novartis, and Roche. Financial 4387268 Jacob George declares consultancy with and honoraria from Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, AbbVie, Gilead, Norgine, Abbott, and Janssen. Financial 4387268 Patrick Marcellin declares grant, investigator, speaker, and/or consultant relationships with Roche, Gilead, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Vertex, Novartis, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Boehringer, AbbVie, Pfizer, Alios Biopharma, Idenix, and Akron. Financial 2374597 The present study was supported by grants from Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa – FIPEHCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil, and was performed in the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Financial 4123606 The project described was supported by Grant Number UL1 TR0000005 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research, and its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of NCATS or NIH. Financial 6054071 A Bruker UltrafleXtreme MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometer used for this work was purchased in part with a grant from the National Institutes of Health (S10 RR027109). Financial 3775191 A freelance medical writer assisted in the development of the manuscript with funding from Roche Pharma AG. Financial 2438353 A grant from the Marijuana Policy Project supported data collection. Financial 2801586 A number of the studies discussed in the manuscript were funded by Bayer Schering Pharma. Financial 5628335 A portion of this material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (DMR-1410223). Financial 5952318 A portion of this work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by an NSF Cooperative Agreement (DMR-1157490) and the state of Florida. Financial 6020120 A portion of this work was supported by the NSF, award ECCS-0939514. Financial 2797410 A received a VIDI grant from the Netherlands Science Organization (NWO) and intramural funds of the Max Planck Society. Financial 4620695 A Research Funding and Development Grant from West Virginia University supported the project. Financial 4611965 A West Virginia University Research Funding Development grant funded the project. Financial 5469907 ÿP and DZ were supported by the Bolyai Scholarship Programme of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Financial 5811114 ABC thanks the ERC (Grant Ref: 279705) for funding support. Financial 2387148 ABRIDUS was funded by the National Health & Medical Research Council, Strategic Reserve Fund (HCV Social & Behavioural Research). Financial 5148899 AC is supported by a CIHR-UBC-BCCDC MD/PhD studentship. Financial 5297924 Access and use of the facilities of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) was supported by the USA Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Contract No. Financial 5872139 ACERT is supported by NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) under award number P41GM103521. Financial 6020122 ACF acknowledges the Sims Scholarship for funding. Financial 4435052 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis work was financially supported by the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation and a NIH Molecular Libraries Program grant (1 R03 DA033983) (KW) and by the Helsinki Biomedical Graduate Program (AA). Financial 5384356 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis work was funded by grants from the US National Institutes of Health, R01DK090918, P01HL074940, P01HL068686, R01HL092196, R37HL023081 and R01DK039308. Financial 4435091 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports and Science and Technology of Japan, Japan Financial 4352539 AcknowledgementThis research is supported by the NYU Silver School of Social Work Dean’s Research Fund. Financial 5847177 AcknowledgementThis research was supported by funds provided by Nicolaus Copernicus University (ToruÅ„ Poland) to maintain research potential. Financial 3180665 AcknowledgementThis study was funded by Cancer Treatment Centers of America®. Financial 4436145 AcknowledgementThis study was supported by a grant (DOH 97-DC-1004) awarded by the Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan and grant KMUH102-2R53 and grant KMUH102-2R52 and grant KMUH102-3R57 and KMUH103-3R60 awarded by Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. Financial 5126605 AcknowledgementThis study was supported by a grant from the 20 by 20 Project of Samsung Medical Center (GF01140111). Financial 4608217 AcknowledgementThis study was supported by grants DOH96-NNB-1032 and DOH98-NNB-1036 from the Taiwan Department of Health. Financial 4352564 AcknowledgementThis work was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Financial 2895188 AcknowledgementThis work was supported by Grant-in-aid for Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants for Research on Intractable Diseases, and Clinical Research for Development of Preventive Medicine and New Therapeuics from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, Japan and the Kato Memorial Trust for Nambyo Research. Financial 4377230 AcknowledgementThis work was supported by Konkuk University. Financial 3728612 AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund. Financial 3075154 AcknowledgementThis works was supported in part by a Nagasaki University President's Fund Grant. Financial 5355828 acknowledges a fellowship from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT). Financial 6018439 acknowledges continued funding from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), the Helmholtz association via the BioInterfaces in Technology and Medicine as well as the Science and Technology of Nanosystems programs and the German Research Council (DFG). Financial 6008709 acknowledges financial support from MINECO Projects: MAT2013-45008-p and CONCERT Project-NASEMS (PCIN-2013-057) and from Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO2009/002). Financial 6088439 acknowledges Fundacion Ramon Areces-Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program for financial support. Financial 5935026 acknowledges funding by the MINECO (Ramón y Cajal contract). Financial 5365069 acknowledges his DGA predoctoral fellowship. Financial 3004576 Acknowledgment of financial supportThis study was conducted as a collaborative trial of the Mayo Clinic and was supported in part by Public Health Service grants CA-25224, CA-37404, CA-63848, CA-63849, and CA-35195. Financial 3681268 AcknowledgmentALH and FW were partly supported by the National Center for Research Resources, National Institute of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services through grant #1UL1RR029884. Financial 2929408 AcknowledgmentEditorial support was provided with funding by Prometheus Laboratories Inc. Financial 3430086 AcknowledgmentNWCJvdD was supported by the Dutch Cancer Society. Financial 4298347 Acknowledgments and disclaimerThis review was supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, and Health Services Research and Development Service. Financial 4608348 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank Shiraz University of Medical Sciences for their financial support. Financial 4199970 AcknowledgmentsA support grant was received from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil CNPq, MCT-CNPq/MS-SCTIE-DECIT – (17/2006). Financial 4008290 AcknowledgmentsAC is funded by grants of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, formerly Innovation and Sciences, (SAF2010-21143; Consolider-Ingenio CSD2007-00017) and Association for International Cancer Research (grant 12-1057). Financial 4238751 AcknowledgmentsCW received grants from Alzheimerfonden (Alzheimer Foundation) and Demensfonden (Dementia Foundation) in Sweden, and an ALF young researcher grant from Region SkÃ¥ne, Sweden. Financial 5734228 AcknowledgmentsData collection and sharing for this project was funded by the ADNI (National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904) and Department of Defense (DOD) ADNI (DOD award number W81XWH-12-2-0012). Financial 4408970 AcknowledgmentsData collection and sharing for this project was funded by the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) via the National Institutes of Health (grant U01 AG024904) and Department of Defense (award W81XWH-12-2-0012). Financial 4745843 AcknowledgmentsDejana Braithwaite was supported by Grant # 121891-MRSG-12-007-01-CPHPS from the American Cancer Society for this research. Financial 3854921 AcknowledgmentsEB is supported by a Healthway PhD research scholarship which includes $6,500 (AUD) towards project costs per year. Financial 5367763 AcknowledgmentsFinancial resources for the project and funds for covering the costs to publication were provided exclusively by the Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin. Financial 4631406 AcknowledgmentsFor the publication of this article, a funding has been received from the project “Sistema di allerta integrato delle fragilità emergenti‿ within the Regional call “Bando Regionale a sostegno di progetti di ricerca industrial e/o sviluppo sperimentale di applicazioni integrate e innovative in ambito Internet of Data‿ funded by Regione Piemonte and the “Fondo Europeo di Sviluppo Regionale (POR-FESR)‿. Financial 4541555 AcknowledgmentsFunding for this research was provided by grants from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (KOMUNITI-2012-003, UKM-AP-2011-27, LRGS/BU/2012/UKM-UKM/K/O1). Financial 3230584 AcknowledgmentsFunding for this study was provided in part by grant R18HL73526 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Financial 4622490 AcknowledgmentsFunding has been received from the project for publication of this paper “Sistema di allerta integrato delle fragilità emer-genti‿ within the Regional call “Bando Regionale a sostegno di progetti di ricerca industrial e/o sviluppo sperimentale di applicazioni integrate e innovative in ambito Internet of Data‿ funded by Regione Piemonte and the “Fondo Europeo di Sviluppo Regionale (POR-FESR). Financial 2682379 AcknowledgmentsFundwed in part by an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, NY. Financial 4310707 AcknowledgmentsGrant support: This study was supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), and by the Brazilian National Research Council (Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa ). Financial 3754282 AcknowledgmentsGrant support: this study was supported in part by P30 CA125123 (CJC) and K08 CA151651 (DLG) from Financial 5440000 AcknowledgmentsJohant Lakey-Beitia and Deborah Doens are supported by the Institute for Training and Development of Human Resources (IFARHU) and SENACYT (Panama). Financial 5034924 AcknowledgmentsJong Kwan Park received a grant from Astellas Pharma Korea, Inc. Financial 4590337 AcknowledgmentsJorunn Drageset received a postdoctoral fellowship from the Norwegian Cancer Society. Financial 3949560 AcknowledgmentsKARW is supported by The Swedish Research Council and Stockholm County Council. Financial 5858082 ACTvD acknowledges funding from AFOSR FA9550-14-1-0355. Financial 6014068 AD is supported by an Eshkol grant from the Israel Science Ministry. Financial 4875634 AD is supported by the UBC clinician investigator program. Financial 6115637 Additional funding came from the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation to KP. Financial 3940641 Additional funding for the research was provided by the Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University. Financial 5949846 Additional funding was from The University of Leeds via the Biomedical and Health Research Centre and The University of Huddersfield. Financial 4008290 ADL is a postdoctoral researcher funded by the Sara Borrell program (ISCIII). Financial 5667508 AF is supported by a grant from the Israel cancer research foundation (ICRF). Financial 6014068 AF is supported by grants from the Israel Science Foundation (ISF), the Israel Cancer Research Foundation (ICRF) and by the Minerva Centre for Bio-Hybrid Complex Systems. Financial 4483518 AF is supported by grants from the NIH (P01AG026276, PO1AG003991, 2UF1AG032438). Financial 5450439 AF thanks Polyera Corporation, KAU (grant # 80-130-35-HiCi), and AFOSR (grant # 9550-15-1-0044) for support. Financial 4558953 AG, TR, JN and SA were funded by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance who advised on the conceptualisation of the Access2Care study. Financial 4558953 AG, TR, MG, PC and PT were supported by the London International Development Centre. Financial 5667575 Ahmed Yakasai was funded by Kano State Government Nigeria, The MacArthur Foundation, Bayero University, and the Nigerian Petroleum Technology Fund. Financial 6007127 AJB also acknowledges the DST Nano Mission, New Delhi for research funding. Financial 5497273 AJC gratefully acknowledges a fellowship from the EPSRC (EP/K006851/1). Financial 5530941 AJC, JJW (EP/K006851/1) and LJH, IMA (EP/K006835/1) acknowledge the EPSRC for funding. Financial 6007200 AJM acknowledges funding for Australian Research Fellowship (ARF). Financial 5941795 AJR is supported by the Tata Center for Technology and Design. Financial 2684737 AK acknowledges CSIR for his fellowship. Financial 4839967 AK is funded by Wellcome Trust. Financial 3899471 Alain Katic, MD, receives or has received research grant support from Abbott Laboratories, Alexza, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cephalon, Corcept, Cyberonics, Dainippon Sumitomo, Eli Lilly, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Hisamitsu, Lundbeck, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Sepracor, Shire, Takeda, and Wyeth; and has served on a speakers’ bureau for Novartis, Shire, and Pfizer. Financial 6104478 ALC is the recipient of a Post-doctoral fellowship from FCT with reference SFRH/BPD/108312/2015. Financial 5719740 Alexandra Collins is supported by a Mitacs award through the Mitacs Accelerate Program. Financial 4143596 Alexandra Philipsen has received speaker fees and/or travel grants from Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Medice, Novartis, and Shire, and has been involved in clinical trials conducted by Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Medice, and Novartis. Financial 5226106 Alison Ritter is funded through an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship (APP1021988). Financial 6137438 All Ac work in this article was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Los Alamos National Laboratory under project number . Financial 6054140 All authors acknowledge funding by LIVIMODE, a collaborative FP7 project of the EU. Financial 4634742 All authors are supported by the Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program (co-funded by the Kidney Foundation of Canada, Canadian Society of Nephrology, and Canadian Institutes of Health Research). Financial 6115696 All authors were partially supported by generous UCSD startup funds. Financial 5863613 All computations reported in this paper were completed on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University. Financial 4266562 ALW was funded by a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research fellowship. Financial 4689865 AM was supported by The Garnett Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial Foundation Senior/Principal Research Fellowship in Otorhinolaryngology. Financial 3699056 A-MH is supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship. Financial 4032998 Amit Ranjan received fellowship from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. Financial 4523012 Amy Kirwan is supported by NHMRC funding for the Centre for Research Excellence into Injecting Drug Use. Financial 4620695 An American Foundation of Pharmaceutical Education Pre-doctoral Fellowship also supported AL. Financial 4611965 An American Foundation of Pharmaceutical Education Pre-doctoral Fellowship supported Brandon Lucke-Wold and Aric Logsdon. Financial 4611965 An American Medical Association Foundation Seed Grant and a Neurosurgery Research and Education Foundation Medical Student Summer Research Fellowship supported Brandon Lucke-Wold. Financial 4620695 An American Medical Association Foundation Seed-Grant, a Neurosurgery Research and Education Foundation Medical Student Summer Research Fellowship, and an American Foundation of Pharmaceutical Education Pre-doctoral Fellowship supported BL-W. Financial 5952554 and OGS for scholarships. Financial 4290616 Andreas Meisel and Lena Ulm were funded by the German Ministry for Health and Education (01 EO 08 01), and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Exc 257 NeuroCure, UL 423/1-1). Financial 4520283 Andrew Yan was supported by a New Investigator Award from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario. Financial 6156115 Andy D Peters was supported by the Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit. Financial 4288053 Anelyssa D’Abreu: travel grant from ROCHE; lecture fees from Novartis; consulting fees from EMS; Research grant from FAPESP and CNPq, Brazil. Financial 5960140 Angelica Ospina-Escobar is supported by HIV Trust Scholarship Award (HIVRT15-100), the Sylff Research Abroad Award 2015, and CONACYT fellowship (2011–2012). Financial 4354362 BC was supported by Action on Hearing Loss (International Project Grant G62) and further support was received from the British Tinnitus Association. Financial 5319157 BDLM is supported by a Henry Merrit Wriston Fellowship from Brown University. Financial 4191193 Ben Coomber was supported in part by Action on Hearing Loss (International Project Grant G62). Financial 3920113 Bernd Weber is funded by a Heisenberg Grant of DFG (We 4427/3-1). Financial 5222938 BHM was supported by an ERC starting grant (311523, ARCHAELLUM). Financial 5909127 Biophysics and drug discovery activities are supported by Wellcome Trust strategic awards to Dundee (100476/Z/12/Z and 094090/Z/10/Z, respectively). Financial 5360170 Biswarup Jash is a recipient of an NRW Graduate School of Chemistry fellowship. Financial 5914464 BKS acknowledges support from SERB for a NPDF fellowship (PDF/2016/000213). Financial 4487951 Both authors receive funding from the National Institutes of Health for other research, but this project had no external funding. Financial 5707504 BP thanks FWO (1279414N) and the OTKA-Hungarian Research Fund (HUMAN_MB08-1-2011-0018) for the financial support. Financial 5513809 BR and MCCI had financial support from the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) and CNPq (BPQ). Financial 4960738 Brandon Marshall is supported by a Henry Merrit Wriston Fellowship from Brown University. Financial 4590701 BRH was supported by the Roy and Vi Baay Chair in Kidney Research. Financial 4443914 Bruker Ultraflex III MALDI-TOF/TOF and Waters LCT Premier XE LC/MS ESI-TOF were supported by NSF CHE-0820996 and NIH 1S10RR023444. Financial 3921084 C Sherrington, SR Lord, and A Tiedemann are funded by Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowships. Financial 6009468 Calculations were carried out at the CINECA Supercomputer Center (Italy), with computer time granted by ISCRA projects (code: HP10CSWOH1). Financial 6024242 CAlmip is acknowledged for the generous grant of computing time. Financial 6099922 CalMip is also gratefully acknowledged for a generous computational grant. Financial 5490425 Canadian Light Source is supported by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the University of Saskatchewan, the Government of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada, the National Research Council Canada, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Financial 4650502 CANN-NET is supported by a Network Catalyst grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (grant number 251048) and by the Kidney Foundation of Canada. Financial 5949318 CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI (AG0005). Financial 4823855 Carl van Walraven is supported by the University of Ottawa Department of Medicine. Financial 3573824 Carmen Galbis-Estrada received a research fellowship from Brudy Laboratories, Barcelona, Spain (2011–2012). Financial 5531721 CARTA has been funded by the Wellcome Trust (UK) (Grant No: 087547/Z/08/Z), the Department for International Development (DfID) under the Development Partnerships in Higher Education (DelPHE), the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Grant No: B 8606), the Ford Foundation (Grant No: 1100-0399), and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant No: 51228). Financial 6001278 CASIMM0120163006) and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (17JC1405000) for their financial support. Financial 5513120 Cassandra Wright is supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. Financial 5811133 CB thanks the University of New South Wales for funding and Australian Research Council (ARC-FT 12100096). Financial 5369529 CB was funded by MINAS. Financial 4607877 CB was supported by NINDS (R56NS070879, R01NS060830, and 1R01NS090677-01A1) and NICHD (R21HD067906 and 1R01NS090677-01A1). Financial 5355960 CD thanks the Herchel Smith Funds for a postdoctoral fellowship. Financial 5608689 CEB gratefully acknowledges funding from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program, the National Geographic Society Young Explorers Grant Program (YEG #9269-13) and Princeton University’s Centre for Health and Well-being. Financial 5975791 CF and MK were supported by ERC grant 279405. Financial 5414597 CGM is supported by a Diamond PhD studentship. Financial 6202928 Chalmers Excellence Initiative in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology is also acknowledged for financial support. Financial 6050531 CHARMMMAT Labex and Region Ile-de-France (C'Nano network) are acknowledged for financial support in the building of the setup. Financial 6013930 ChemMatCARS is principally supported by the Divisions of Chemistry (CHE) and Materials Research (DMR), and the National Science Foundation, under grant number NSF/CHE-1346572. Financial 5958341 ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is principally supported by the Divisions of Chemistry (CHE) and Materials Research (DMR), National Science Foundation (NSF), under Grant No. Financial 5530863 ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant number NSF/CHE-1346572. Financial 5592373 Cheng-Feng Qin was supported by the Excellent Young Scholar Fund from NSFC (81522025) and Ruikang Tang was supported by the Talent Project of Zhejiang University. Financial 5062820 Christina Marel is funded by a Society of Mental Health Research Early Career Researcher Fellowship. Financial 3405459 Christina Schmidt and Christian Cajochen are funded by a research grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (#310030_130689) and a post-doctoral fellowship from the AXA Research Fund. Financial 5523082 Chun-Jun Guo was supported by the National Science Foundation – Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation-MIKS (Grant 1136903). Financial 5643956 Chunshuang Liang would like to acknowledge the funding of the CSC (China Scholarship Council) for a doctoral fellowship. Financial 3899471 Clinical research was funded by the sponsor, Shire Development LLC. Financial 5909331 Computational resources were provided by the UCLA Institute for Digital Research and Education (IDRE) and the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by the NSF (OCI-1053575). Financial 6100217 Computing resources were provided by the University of Kentucky (DLX cluster) and the NSF Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by NSF grant no. Financial 6073817 Core funding for ICES Western is provided by the Academic Medical Organization of Southwestern Ontario (AMOSO), the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry (SSMD), Western University, and the Lawson Health Research Institute (LHRI). Financial 5890791 CPG and KS are supported by SNF grant number 2000201_169134 and 200020_149704. Financial 5667502 CPS thanks the Fonds der chemischen Industrie and the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes for PhD research scholarships. Financial 5896489 CQC is supported by FCT through projects PEst-OE/QUI/UI0313/2014 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007630. Financial 2757604 Cristina Dorador was supported by a doctoral fellowship from the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD), Germany. Financial 5696334 CRM is supported by a Clinical Research Fellowship from the Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre. Financial 6237122 CS acknowledges his scholarships from the German Academic Scholarship Foundation and from the German Chemical Industry Fund (FCI). Financial 5497061 CT served on the advisory board of Fujirebio and Roche, received research consumables from Euroimmun, IBL, Fujirebio, Invitrogen, and Meso Scale Discovery, and performed contract research for IBL, Shire, Boehringer, Roche, and Probiodrug; and received grants from the European Commission, the Dutch Research Council (ZonMw), Association of Frontotemporal Dementia, ISAO, and the Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation. Financial 6190808 CT was supported from Romanian Government research grants awarded to (FDI 2018-0071), as well as by a National Research Grant awarded for Frontiers Research Projects (PCCF 2018-2022). Financial 6016447 DA thanks the EPSRC for a fellowship (EP/L021978/1). Financial 6115640 DAA was supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award. Financial 6022009 DAD and LAR would like to acknowledge (respectively) funding from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the EPSRC, UK (Grant no. Financial 5613741 DAF acknowledges NSF grant 1532125. Financial 5960140 Dan Werb is supported by a US National Institute on Drug Abuse Avenir Award (DP2 DA040256-01) and New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Financial 5427522 Dan Werb is supported by the NIDA Avenir Award (DP2-DA040256-01) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research New Investigator Award. Financial 4240070 Daniele Merico is supported by Science and Technology Innovation Centre funding from Genome Canada/Ontario Genomics Institute. Financial 5535065 DAR acknowledges the Gates Cambridge Scholarship for PhD funding. Financial 4520283 Darren Yuen is currently supported by the 2013 KRESCENT New Investigator and Canadian Diabetes Association Clinician Scientist Award. Financial 5945895 Data collection and sharing for this project was funded by the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904) and DOD ADNI (Department of Defense award number W81XWH-12-2-0012). Financial 5887816 DFT calculations were supported in part by the National Science Foundation Grant CHE-1310327 and were performed using resource from the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) and the Advanced Research Computing Center at UCF. Financial 4485035 DH was supported by NIH/NCATS Grant Number TL1 TR000061 and by NIH Grant Number T32 GM008716. Financial 3010167 Dimitris Kiosses is supported by a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health K23MH074659. Financial 4158274 Dimitry Sorokin is supported by the RBFR Grant 13-04-00049. Financial 4644292 DK was supported by a Queen Elizabeth II Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology. Financial 5887816 DLW thanks the NSWC Crane Fellowship program for funding. Financial 6223349 DMH and TSZ acknowledge support form DOE Office of Sciences Basic Energy Sciences under grant DE-FG02-96ER14656. Financial 4324596 EAP was supported by a predoctoral fellowship from the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging (F31AG039266). Financial 6018559 EB and PB are thankful for the CNRS/INCa ATIP fellowship and research encouragement from “Université Paris Descartes‿ and “Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris‿. Financial 5340844 ECH and MCB thankfully acknowledge the KALANET consortium funded by the European Union under its 6th Framework Program (INCODEV/Project 015374) and the ‘Visceral leishmaniasis in Bihar State, India' program of the “Tropical Medicine Research Centre‿ (RFA-AI-06-006). Financial 5355952 ED and MW thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for funding. Financial 4211864 Editorial and writing support was provided by Ewen Legg, PhD, of Excerpta Medica, funded by Sanofi US, Inc. Financial 5987855 Editorial and writing support, as well as statistical analysis, was funded by Celgene Corporation. Financial 3640484 Editorial assistance was provided by Ogilvy 4D, Oxford, UK and funded by Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany. Financial 4300409 Editorial support for the writing of this manuscript was provided by Megan Knagge, PhD, of MedErgy, and was funded by Janssen Research & Development, LLC and Grünenthal GmbH. Financial 6061379 Editorial support for this manuscript was provided by Bill Wolvey of PAREXEL, which was funded by AstraZeneca. Financial 2938030 Editorial support for this manuscript was provided by Medicus International and funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Financial 5877867 Editorial support was funded through an unconditional contribution by Bayer SpA. Financial 4761013 Editorial support was provided by Oxford PharmaGenesis Ltd, funded by AstraZeneca. Financial 4768415 EDS is supported by the Veterans Affairs HSR&D Merit Award IIR 13-073-3, NIDDK U01 DK92192-07 (The ASSESS-AKI Study), and the Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease (VCKD). Financial 4527253 EFD is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Adolescent/ Young Adult Biobehavioral HIV T32 training grant (2T32MH078788). Financial 5618769 EKB thanks the EPSRC for funding, and the Velux Foundations for a Villum Visiting Professor Programme Grant. Financial 2724504 EKG is supported by an IMPART Fellowship. Financial 6280353 El Cuete IV was supported through NIDA grant R37 DA019829. Financial 4238751 EL received grant number 523-2010-520 from the Swedish Research Council. Financial 6115629 Elemental analyses were obtained from the CENTC Elemental Analysis Facility at the University of Rochester, funded by NSF CHE-0650456. Financial 6211312 Eli Lilly Japan funded this manuscript and the study on which it was based. Financial 6018718 EPSRC is thanked for a Platform grant (EP/J007846/1) to support LAF, OOM, NJW and SPA also acknowledges an ERC Advanced Investigator grant (PISA 320372) to support both himself and CJM. Financial 2682406 Equipment and space have been funded with grants from the Canada Foundation for Innovation and the Province of Ontario. Financial 4010762 Equipment and testing was supported by NHLBI through APPLES (5UO1-HL-068060) and Philips Respironics. Financial 5586205 Experimental facilities at the Integrated Molecular Structure Education and Research Center (IMSERC), and the EPIC facility in the Northwestern University Atomic- and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental Center, both at Northwestern University, were purchased with grants from NSF-NSEC, NSF-MRSEC, Keck Foundation, the state of Illinois, and Northwestern University. Financial 3921084 F Blyth was supported by the Ageing and Alzheimer’s Research Foundation. Financial 5947540 FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013), financed by Portuguese funds through the FCT/MEC and when applicable co-financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. Financial 5423894 FF has been supported by NIH RO1 and R21 grants (1R01HD082302-01A1 and 1R21 HD79048-01A1). Financial 4608150 Finally, we would like to acknowledge the Yale School of Public Health Downs Fellowship and the Yale School of Medicine Office of Student Research, which co-funded this project. Financial 4819283 Financial statementHelen Tam-Tham is supported by an Alberta Innovatesâ€‿Health Solutions Graduate Studentship. Financial 5665100 Financial support by the European Research Council (ERC-320441-Chirallcarbon), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain (projects CTQ2011-24652 and CTQ2012-31914), the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (FOTOCARBON project S2013/MIT-2841), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2012/053), European FEDER funds (CTQ2012-31914) and the “Solar Technologies Go Hybrid‿ initiative by the state of Bavaria is acknowledged. Financial 5947526 Financial support by the European Research Council (MINT, ERC-StG-2012-307609) the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO, CTQ2014-60541-P, and MINECO and FEDER funds CTQ2012-31914) and the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2012/053) is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 4445590 Financial support for the research and/or publication of this article was provided by the Ludwig Boltzmann Society, a private nonprofit association organizing research, funded by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Science and Research. Financial 5490336 Financial support for this project was provided by Cancer Research UK (CRUK grant C21383/A6950). Financial 5672834 Financial support from the Swiss National Science Foundation through grant number 200021_156063/1, through the NCCR Molecular Systems Engineering, and through R'Equip grant number 206021_157687 is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 5951131 Financial support from the University of Southampton, Institute for Life Sciences, BBSRC (BB/L021072/1), ERC grant NanoChemBioVision 638258 and Wessex Medical Research is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 6115628 Financial support provided by the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina to CK (postdoctoral fellowship LPDS 2017–11) and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number 200021_178760) to OSW is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 5408565 Financial support was also given by project Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000012, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Financial 4094579 Financial support was also provided by Karolinska Institutet funding and through the regional agreement on medical training and clinical research between Stockholm County Council and Karolinska Institutet. Financial 6177521 Financial support was provided by a grant from the Ministry of Health and Welfare (Feng Yuan Hospital Research Project 103-003), Taiwan. Financial 6143996 Financial support was provided by an individual postdoc grant and V-Sustain: The VILLUM Centre for the Science of Sustainable Fuels and Chemicals (#9455) from VILLUM FONDEN. Financial 4498388 Financial Support: FAPESP 2009/53646-0; FAPESP CInAPCe Program 2005/56663-1; JM was supported by a FAPESP fellowship 07/52911-6. Financial 4013462 Financial support: the study was supported by The Swedish Research Council, Swedish Brain Foundation, Selander Foundation, Ã…hlén Foundation, and funds from the Uppsala University Hospital. Financial 4538753 Financial supportThe HERO trial was funded by research grants from Roche Foundation for Anemia Research (RoFAR), Amgen, Janssen-Cilag and the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. Financial 5740857 Financial supportThis investigation was performed under financial support of Research deputy of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Code: 910974). Financial 5975828 FL thanks the Max Planck Society for funding the research group. Financial 5950799 FM was supported by the Swedish Research Council, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and the Swedish Energy Agency. Financial 5595124 for financial support (BB/F014570/1 and BB/I003355/1). Financial 5603794 For financial support, we gratefully acknowledge The Royal Society the EPSRC . Financial 6016734 for financial support. Financial 5933228 For funding, we thank the University of Pennsylvania and the US NSF (CHE-0848248 and CHE-1152123). Financial 6001280 FP and JE thank the Deakin Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology and also the Australian Research Council (DP140100227) for financial support. Financial 4220689 Frédéric Grouiller is supported by the Center for Biomedical Imaging of the Universities and Hospitals of Geneva and Lausanne, and EPFL. Financial 4556310 Francesco Cinetto was supported by the University of Padova junior research grant CPDR148747/DIMED Prot. Financial 2785866 Funding and acknowledgementsKenneth Rockwood is supported by the Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation as Kathryn Allen Weldon Professor of Alzheimer Disease Research. Financial 5941269 Funding from the European Union (ERC-Starting Grants: 279548 (DGR) and 307609 (EMP)), MINECO (Grants: CTQ2014-57729-P (DGR) and CTQ2014-60541-P (EMP), FPU13/03371 (LdJ), JdC-2015-23531 postdoctoral fellowship (BNO)) and the Comunidad de Madrid (Grant: MAD2D-CM program S2013/MIT-3007 (EMP)) is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 3900316 Funding provided by a Science Research Fund grant from the Office of Research and Sponsored Programs at Wake Forest University. Financial 4040492 Funding sources: the content of this manuscript was developed under a grant from the Department of Education, NIDRR grant number H133A120034. Financial 4802626 Funding sourceThis study is funded by Baxter Healthcare, Extramural Grant Program. Financial 4288053 Funding statement: This work was supported by FAPESP (São Paulo Research Foundation), grant number 2010/11085-9. Financial 4346238 Funding statementCANN-NET is supported by a Network Catalyst grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (Grant number 251048), and by the Kidney Foundation of Canada. Financial 3926983 Funding statementThis study was supported by Beijing Novartis Pharma Ltd. Financial 4061598 Funding was provided by grants from the National Institutes of Health and the New Jersey Commission for Brain Injury Research. Financial 6049524 Funding was provided by the European Research Council (ERC-2016-StG, grant number 715062-HiChemSynPro). Financial 4371703 Funding/Support: This work was supported by a medical student scholarship from the American Heart Association (JMW), Dallas, TX, USA. Financial 4827184 Funding/supportThis project was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Financial 4333795 Funding: ND acknowledges support from National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes under grant number 2R01NS055951-05 and partial support from Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute at The Johns Hopkins University. Financial 4066443 Funding: NIH grants T35AT005933 (Alan Leung); K23HD049472 and R01HD071978 (Preeti Raghavan). Financial 3775191 Funding: The study was supported by Roche Pharma AG, Germany. Financial 4263101 Funding: The work was part-funded by a grant from the Italian Ministry of Health to Sara Montagnese (Giovani Ricercatori, 2009); Milena Bano, Federica Chiaromanni, Michela Corrias, and Matteo Turco are also part-funded by a grant from the Italian Ministry of Health to Sara Montagnese (Giovani Ricercatori, 2009); Derungs-Waldmann Illuminotecnica (Italy) provided the illuminance measurement equipment. Financial 4009446 Funding: this study was supported by grants from Dystonia Ireland, a non-profit patient information and support organization, the Irish Institute for Clinical Neuroscience, the Health Research Board, Ireland, Clinical Scientist Award (CSA-2012/5) and the Foundation for Dystonia Research. Financial 3861789 Funding: this study was supported by the Gardner Family Center Research Grant, the Davis Phinney Foundation, and the Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Financial 4202624 Funding: this study was supported by the Medical Research Council, UK. Financial 4260507 Funding: this work is supported by NIH grants ACE RO1 HD 055741 and NA-MIC Roadmap U54 EB005149 and the cocaine infant project (CAMID NIDA DA022446-01). Financial 3858815 Funding: This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant SMA-1041755 to the Temporal Dynamics of Learning Center, an NSF Science of Learning Center, NSF Grant ENG-1137279 (EFRI M3C), National Institute of Health Grant 2 R01 NS-036449, and ONR MURI Grant N00014-10-0072. Financial 3997042 Funding: this work was supported by The Norwegian Council on Cardiovascular Diseases and Anders Jahres Fond. Financial 4423511 Funding: We acknowledge the financial support from the DFG through the grant BO 3612/2-1 and the RIKEN Incentive Research Project (G1E-54500). Financial 5296954 FundingPreparation of this case report was supported by an unrestricted grant from Mundipharma Pharmaceuticals Srl, Italia. Financial 6280353 FundingPRIMER and Dan Werb are supported by a US National Institute on Drug Abuse Avenir Award (DP2- DA040256-01), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research via a New Investigator Award, and the Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science via an Early Researcher Award. Financial 5505015 FundingRB has a fellowship award with the NIHR (National Institute of Health Research) CLAHRC scheme. Financial 5436422 FundingResearch reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number U54GM104942. Financial 5471911 FundingSupport for this project was provided by the Arise Programâ€‿Enhancing HIV Prevention Programs for At-Risk Populations, through financial support provided by the Canadian Government through Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada (DFATD formerly CIDA), and via financial and technical support provided by PATH. Financial 5340071 FundingThe article is funded by Stallergenes Italy. Financial 5840676 FundingThe broader evaluation of all problem gambling public health services, from which we derived data for this paper, was funded by the New Zealand Ministry of Health under Grant 348109. Financial 4770066 Further, we acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) within the funding programme Open Access Publishing. Financial 6122290 GD was supported by an international short visit grant (number IZK0Z3_163508) by Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). Financial 5399534 GDS is thankful to the Director of The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur for financial support. Financial 6022121 Generous financial support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 803, project A01) is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 5975828 GF thanks the Humboldt Foundation for financial support. Financial 6182421 GGR thanks the Bristol Chemical Synthesis Centre for Doctoral Training, which is funded by the EPSRC (EP/G036764/1). Financial 5380879 GH and SM thank CSIR and UGC, New Delhi, India, respectively, for the doctoral fellowship. Financial 6014086 GIXD experiments were conducted at CHESS, which is supported by NSF and NIH/NIGMS under award DMR-0936384. Financial 6020122 GK and AKC gratefully thank the Ras Al Khaimah Center for Advanced Materials for financial support. Financial 5450442 GK and AKC gratefully thanks the Ras Al Khamiah Center for Advanced Materials for financial support. Financial 6020122 GK is the holder of a postdoctoral fellowship granted by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (KI1870). Financial 5450442 GK thanks the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG, for financial support (KI1870). Financial 4579255 GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA funded this study and was involved in all stages of the study conduct, including analysis of the data. Financial 4521421 GM088697 (National Institute of General Medical Sciences); Higher Education Research Council, Idaho State Board of Education (Awards IF13-001 and IF14-012); The Office of Naval Research (N00014-10-1-0282); and INBRE Program, NIH grant no. Financial 4008290 GMB and AC are funded by the Community of Madrid (S2010/BMD-2303) and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RETIC-RD12/0036/0007). Financial 4008290 GMB is funded by SAF2010-20175, AECC-2011 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) PI13/00132. Financial 5609146 GMC was supported by a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship NNX16AM45H. Financial 5469907 GN-G was supported through the ÚNKP-ÚNKP-16-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities. Financial 5433513 GNMR and SPB acknowledge funding from EPSRC (EP/K003674/1). Financial 5874696 GNS and SPA acknowledge the ERC (PISA 320372) and EPSRC (EP/J007846) for funding. Financial 3650672 Grant information: the project was supported by The VELUX Foundation, The John and Birthe Meyer Foundation, the University of Copenhagen (SUNDs Institutstipendium), The Danish Eye Health Society (Øjenforeningen Værn om Synet), The Danish Eye Research Foundation (Øjenfonden), Danish Research Council, and UNADEV (Union Nationale des Aveugles et Déficients Visuels), France. Financial 5594066 Grants to MY were administered by the Northern California Institute for Research and Education and supported by resource of the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. Financial 6008709 gratefully acknowledges a Ramon y Cajal grant (RyC-2012-11427). Financial 4240070 Gregory Costain is supported by MD/Ph. Financial 5622919 GS has a grant from the fonds de soutien Marguerite-Marie Delacroix and the Fonds spécial de la recherche, université catholique de Louvain (HIH-R03HD073515, NIH-R01HD076436, and NIH-K01NS062116). Financial 5914464 GVK thanks UGC for a research fellowship. Financial 6009505 Haishuang Zhao gratefully acknowledges the financial support by Carl Zeiss Stiftung. Financial 3004591 He also wishes to acknowledge StemScientific, funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb, for providing writing and editing support. Financial 5508682 He gratefully acknowledges financial support of his work by the Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft, the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung and the European Research Council. Financial 3743014 He has received educational grants from Bayler Schering, Biogen Idec, Lundbeck, and Medtronic. Financial 3743014 He has received grants from the Irish Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, the Mater College, and PRTL1 funding. Financial 4143596 He has received unrestricted grants for investigator-initiated trials from Eli Lilly, Medice, Engelhardt Arzneimittel, and Steiner Arzneimittel. Financial 6156114 He is also supported by the Boston Claude D Pepper Older Americans Independence Center/Pilot and Exploratory Studies Core Award (P30AG031679) and the Boston Roybal Center Pilot Award (P30AG048785). Financial 6122437 He is currently funded by the Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies. Financial 5935063 He thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21722801 and 21572058), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (15540723800), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (222201717003) and the Shanghai Rising-Star Program (16QA1401400) for financial support. Financial 5655898 HF acknowledges the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal) and POPH/FSE for a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/60214/2009). Financial 2288606 HF is supported by CA118412 from the US National Cancer Institute. Financial 5437488 HFEPR studies were supported by the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is funded by the NSF through a Cooperative Agreement DMR 1157490, the State of Florida and the US Department of Energy. Financial 6253716 HL and OS were funded by the Astex Sustaining Innovation Postdoctoral program. Financial 6006475 HS and IB thank the state of Hesse (BMRZ, LOEWE project: Synchembio) for financial support. Financial 5944818 HSS also gratefully acknowledges the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), AME IRG grants A1783c0002 and A1783c0003, for funding this research. Financial 5944818 HSS is supported by the Nanyang Assistant Professorship and MOE Tier 1 grants (M4011611 and M4011791). Financial 6024246 HZ acknowledges the financial support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC). Financial 4349720 ICES is funded by an annual grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC). Financial 5603901 IDHO would like to acknowledge the EPSRC for funding (EP/N015401/1). Financial 6122437 Iina Savolainen works in Tampere University as a PhD student with the funding of Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Tampere. Financial 6191500 IK was supported by an Erwin Schrödinger Fellowship by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): J 3545-B13. Financial 5609530 IM and RV acknowledge financial support from Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (Department of Atomic Energy, India). Financial 4335805 Imaging was facilitated by the SW-SAIR, a Resource of the Simmons Cancer Center supported in part by NIH P30 1CA142543 and used an IVIS Spectrum, which was purchased under NIH 1S10RR024757. Financial 4275847 In addition, JJT gratefully acknowledges the NIH (F32 GM109479) for a post-doctoral fellowship. Financial 3797615 In addition, the authors acknowledge the financial assistance from the Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation, who sponsored this study (research grant 06-01-02 SF 0551). Financial 5916021 In addition, the Spring group research was supported by grants from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Medical Research Council and the Royal Society. Financial 2785866 Ingmar Skoog is supported by major grants from The Swedish Research Council, Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, Swedish Brain Power, and LUA/ALF from the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. Financial 4290616 Ingo Fietze and Thomas Penzel were supported by a European grant HIVE FP7 FET OPEN 222079 and unrestricted company grants by Apnex, ImThera, Hoffrichter, Philips, Resmed, Somnodent, Somnomedics, and Weinmann. Financial 5931193 Innovation Foundation (2016RAXXJ005), the PhD Student Research and Innovation Fund of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HEUGIP201713), the projects for science and technology development plan of Jilin province (20170414003GH), and the Fundamental Research funds for the Central Universities are greatly acknowledged. Financial 6253683 Instrumentation in the PAMS facility was purchased in part with funds from NIH Grant 1S10RR028859-01. Financial 5994880 Instrumentation used in this work was supported by the National Science Foundation (CHE 1531620 and CHE 1626172). Financial 6009435 Instrumentation was supported by NIH grants P30GM110758, P20GM104316, S10RR026962, S10OD016267 and NSF grants CHE-0840401, CHE-1229234, and CHE-1048367. Financial 5586205 Instruments in the Northwestern University sorption laboratory were purchased with grants from the DOE, the NSF, and Micromeritics Instrument Corporation. Financial 4570739 Instruments supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health include HRMS (Grant NIH RR-023444) and X-ray diffractometer (Grant NSF CHE-0840438). Financial 5903845 Ioana Berindan-Neagoe and Sergiu Susman were financed by the POSCCE 709/2010 grant with title: “Clinical and economical impact of proteome and transcriptome molecular profiling in neoadjuvant therapy of triple negative breast cancer (BREASTIMPACT)‿. Financial 5010039 Iris Tomantschger was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP112887). Financial 5950836 is grateful for the FPU grant from Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports, Madrid, Spain (FPU13/00180). Financial 5994795 is grateful to MINECO for a FPI fellowship (ref BES-2012-057655). Financial 4321575 IST-2004-004370: RobotCub (Ludovic Righetti, Anna Nylén, and Kerstin Rosander), to a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (Ludovic Righetti and Auke Jan Ijspeert) and the Max-Planck Society (Ludovic Righetti). Financial 5424463 It is also supported by Singapore National Research Foundation (NRF-RF2009-RF001-267). Financial 5628335 It is also supported by the National Key Scientific Program of China (2011CB911000), NSFC grants (NSFC 21221003 and NSFC 21327009) and China National Instrumentation Program 2011 YQ03012412. Financial 6194582 It was also supported by the Delaware COBRE program for instrumentation facilities with a grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (1 P30 GM110758-01). Financial 4144924 It was also supported by the Scientific Research Project Commission of Erciyes University (project code TST-09-721). Financial 6062844 Italian MIUR, through the PRIN project QCNaMoS (2015-HYFSRT), and Fondazione Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze are acknowledged for financial support. Financial 5953004 ITbM is supported by the World Premier International Research Center (WPI) Initiative, Japan. Financial 5355961 J and for funding the Talos microscope. Financial 4234880 JA is supported by the Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number D43TW008633. Financial 5667575 James Marshall was funded by The School of Chemistry at the University of Bristol and the Mark Evans Scholarship. Financial 5340850 James Truscott, Sam Farrell, Jaspreet Toor and Roy Anderson gratefully acknowledge funding of the NTD Modelling Consortium by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in partnership with the Task Force for Global Health and by Children’s Investment Fund Foundation (UK) (“CIFF‿). Financial 5994102 Janson has received payment for educational activities from ALK. Financial 4300409 Janssen Research & Development, LLC and Grünenthal GmbH supported both studies included in this analysis. Financial 4062813 Janssen Research & Development, LLC, funded this study. Financial 6022170 JB acknowledges the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) action D31 for a Short Term Scientific Mission (STSM) grant. Financial 2995955 JB was supported by a University of Otago PhD Scholarship. Financial 4443738 JC and YL are also grateful to past support from the MCRI, which is supported in part by the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Financial 5947526 JC thanks the MECD for a doctoral FPU grant. Financial 5827163 J-CB reports grants and personal fees from Philips, salaries from AGIR à dom, personal fees and other from RESMED, other from NOMICS, outside the submitted work. Financial 6018602 JCP acknowledges financial support from The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (HL107151). Financial 5625303 JDN is thankful for his CSIC PhD grant JAEPre09-01155, which also covered his research stay at Rice University. Financial 6104478 JE is funded by NIH grants 1RF1 AG051506 and R01 AI119065. Financial 4330892 JE was funded by The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada and PT was funded by Research Center Jülich. Financial 6007200 JEB and KCG acknowledge the University of Otago and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology for funding. Financial 5916015 JM is supported by a University Research Fellowship from the Royal Society. Financial 5639794 JM was supported by Energimyndigheten, the Solar Fuels strong research environment (UmeÃ¥ University) and the Artificial Leaf Project UmeÃ¥ (K&A Wallenberg foundation). Financial 5440000 Johant Lakey-Beitia is also supported by the Ministry of Economy and Finance (DIPRENA-DPIP-10866-2013) on Nutritive Supplements and by Melo Brain Grant (Panama). Financial 5506620 Joohoon Kim acknowledges funding from the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Grant No. Financial 6115635 JP26105004, JP16H02286, JP16K17949 and JP17H03134) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan Regional Innovation Strategy Program by the Excellence (J-RISE) sponsored by JST, NAIST foundation, Izumi science and technology foundation, and the program for promoting the enhancement of research universities in NAIST supported by MEXT. Financial 5897426 JPND/01/2015 funded by Polish National Center of Research and Development in frames of EU Joint Program of Neurodegenerative Research. Financial 5696334 JR is supported by an MRC Clinician Scientist Fellowship (MR/M008525/1) and has received funding from the NIHR Rare Disease Translational Research Collaboration. Financial 6104478 JRG was a recipient of a PhD fellowship (SFRH/BD/51677/2011) and is now a recipient of a Post-doctoral fellowship (SFRH/BPD/120611/2016) both funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). Financial 5527500 JRH and PAG would like to thank Dstl for funding through the Centre for Defence Enterprise. Financial 5588450 JRH thanks the ARC (FT120100421) for financial support and the Australian National Fabrication Facility for use of equipment. Financial 4646477 JRM is supported by Cancer Research UK Clinical PhD Training Fellowship. Financial 6094178 JTH was supported by an EMBO/Marie-Curie Long-Term Fellowship. Financial 5477026 JTH was supported by Trinity College Cambridge and a studentship from the MRC. Financial 5990626 JU is partially supported by MEXT KAKENHI Grant Number 15H05880 (Non-linear Neuro-Oscillology). Financial 4917012 JVC was supported by the University of Chicago Department of Chemistry undergraduate summer research fund. Financial 4644292 KAC is supported by an Early Researcher Award from the Ministry of Research and Innovation (Government of Ontario) and a CIHR New Investigator award. Financial 5590145 Kanna Hayashi is supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research New Investigator Award (MSH-141971) and a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar Award. Financial 4290582 Katherine Lin’s research and this article were supported by the Wrenn Clinical Research Scholars Program at Duke University. Financial 5062820 Katherine Mills is funded by the NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use. Financial 4675650 Kathleen N Johnson was funded by a summer research stipend by the Department of Anesthesiology. Financial 4270303 KB was supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award. Financial 4456057 KH is supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Fellowship. Financial 6115640 KJR was supported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT130100890). Financial 6013787 KL acknowledges the financial supports by Academia Sinica and the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan. Financial 5519954 KL is indebted to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for grant 583727 which initiated the German–Australian bilateral cooperation. Financial 5613741 KMP and VG thank the Knut & Alice Wallenberg foundation and the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research for financial support. Financial 3949560 KO is supported by the National Institute of Health (grants RO1 HD053112 and R21 HD061259). Financial 5905405 KPE gives thanks for financial support from the MIT–Spain internship program. Financial 5944818 KR is funded by UniCat and the Heisenberg Professorship of DFG. Financial 4839967 KR is supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (Oxford). Financial 5557118 KR was supported by Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation as Kathryn Allen Weldon Chair in Alzheimer Research. Financial 5530863 KRD gratefully acknowledges funding from the US Department of Energy, Materials Sciences Division, under Grant No. Financial 2248179 KS and MWT are supported by Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. Financial 2248179 KS is also supported by CIHR and Gender Women and Addictions Research Program funding, a strategic initiative of CIHR. Financial 2248179 KS is also supported by CIHR and Gender Women. Financial 2248179 KS, MR, and MWT are supported by Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. Financial 5433504 KSM thanks the Australian Research Council for a Discovery Project grant to support this work. Financial 5890791 KY thanks the Canon foundation for a post-doctoral fellowship and the Murata Overseas Scholarship for Overseas Research Activities 2017. Financial 6085731 La Ligue contre le cancer is greatly acknowledged for a postdoctoral fellowship to MG and financial support to VA (local committees 35, 45, 49 and 85). Financial 6236015 Laboratory work was completed using funding from the Cumming School of Medicine, the Department of Clinical Neurosciences, and Hotchkiss Brain Institute. Financial 5892128 LB acknowledges financial support from Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (UNGI10-4E-801, CTQ2015-69363-P), Departament d'Innovació, Universitats i Empresa (DIUE) from Generalitat de Catalunya (2014SGR-1202), and computational time from Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya. Financial 5669244 LBW thanks the EPSRC for DTA studentship funding, HPC Europa2 (grant 1117_WRIGHT) and Dr Luca Bellucci for helpful discussions. Financial 4323094 LKGA is supported by an NSF Graduate Fellowship (NSF DGE-1419118). Financial 5874696 LLEM thanks the EPSRC for funding (EP/L021978/1). Financial 4298347 LLZ was supported by a VA Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Career Development Award (CDA 13-025). Financial 6018559 LM and BK thank the German Science Foundation (GRK 1626) for the financial support of our work. Financial 6205792 LM conceived the desensitization approach, revised the manuscript and secured the financial support. Financial 6099922 LM is grateful to the Humboldt Foundation for a grant of experienced researcher and the Chinese Academy of Science. Financial 5401609 LO1611 with a financial support from the Czech Ministry of Youth and Sport under the NPU I program. Financial 5996121 MaH holds the Friedrich-von-Bodelschwingh endowed Professorship for Clinical and Experimental Epileptology at the Charitéâ€‿Universitätsmedizin Berlin funded by von Bodelschwingh Foundation. Financial 5607901 MALDI-TOF-MS was purchased with NSF grant CHE-0820996. Financial 3319907 Manuel Schabus is supported by an Erwin Schrödinger fellowship of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF; J2470-B02). Financial 6115689 MAR is grateful for an NSF graduate fellowship. Financial 5477017 Maria Baskin thanks the Schulich foundation for her PhD fellowship. Financial 4081640 Maria Centeno is funded by action Medical research grant number SP4646. Financial 5226106 Marian Shanahan is supported by funding from the Australian Government under the Substance Misuse Prevention and Service Improvements Grants Fund. Financial 3166807 Mario Pirisi received financial support from the Ricerca Sanitaria Finalizzata Program, Regione Piemonte, Italy. Financial 3139171 Mario Riverol is supported by a grant from Fundación Caja Madrid (Spain). Financial 5062820 Mark Goodhew is funded by the Commonwealth Government of Australia’s Substance Misuse Grant scheme. Financial 4523012 Mark Stoove is supported by a Career Development Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (APP1090445). Financial 5429556 Mary Clare Kennedy is supported by a Mitacs Accelerate Award from Mitacs Canada. Financial 5734052 MC acknowledge financial support from MINECO of Spain and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (CTQ2015-70795-P/BQU), and the Catalan Department for Innovation, Universities and Enterprise (DIUE) of the Generalitat de Catalunya (2009SGR637). Financial 4917012 MCA was supported by an NIH Chemistry and Biology Interface training grant (T32 GM008720), an NSF predoctoral fellowship (DGE-1144082), a University of Chicago Department of Chemistry Helen Sellei-Beretvas Fellowship, and an ARCS Scholar Award. Financial 6006475 MD thanks DST for an inspire fellowship; SG and DP thank CSIR-India for research fellowships. Financial 6018091 ME received a postdoctoral fellowship granted by the Egyptian ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Financial 5674323 Meanwhile, this work was supported by a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), China Scholarship Council (201508320148), and the Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Cleaning Materials. Financial 5861984 Measurement of time-resolved XUV RA spectra was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR award number FA9550-15-1-0204. Financial 5807471 Medical writing assistance was funded by Lundbeck. Financial 3739422 Medical writing support (funded by Amgen GmbH) was provided by Dawn Batty from Bioscript Stirling Ltd. Financial 5513120 Megan Lim is supported by the Jim and Margaret Beever Foundation. Financial 5398307 MI and GPS acknowledge a fellowship from CSIR-UGC-NET. Financial 1538621 MI was supported by Lung League, Zürich and Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft, Basel. Financial 3073795 Michael Butman and David Taylor were supported by NIH training grant T32-DK07789. Financial 4349777 Min Jun is supported by CIHR and AIHS fellowship. Financial 4300407 Miyako Kishimoto has received a grant from the Joint Research Association for Japanese Diabetes. Financial 4465011 MJ was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and AIHS, and an early career fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) BRH is supported by the Roy and Vi Baay Chair in Kidney Research. Financial 5365053 MRB acknowledges financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, BU 2174/19-1). Financial 5627351 Ms Dibyangana Parbat and Mr Adil Majeed Rather are grateful to IIT-Guwahati for their Institute PhD fellowships. Financial 5836594 ND was supported by the Stroke Association (reference TSA LECT 2015/02). Financial 5934739 NDS gratefully acknowledges the financial support provided by the “Postgraduate Scholarship in Photoactive Metal-Organic Frameworks‿. Financial 3995053 Nerses Sanossian is supported by a Grant from the Roxanna Todd Hodges Foundation and Joachim Splichal. Financial 3826107 Niels Birbaumer is supported by the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) and the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF): Bernstein Center Tübingen-Freiburg (Nr. Financial 1613238 NL was funded by an Australian government NHMRC Neil Hamilton Fairley Clinical Research Fellowship during the development of the study. Financial 4522870 NM has received honoria for lecturing and travel expenses for attending meetings from Biogen Idec, GlaxoSmith Kline, Teva, and Fresenius Medical Care and has received financial research support from Fresenius Medical Care. Financial 4540405 NMR and mass spectra were determined at UC Irvine using instruments purchased with the assistance of NSF and NIH shared instrumentation grants. Financial 4618480 NMR spectra were obtained by instruments supported by the NIH (RR027690). Financial 4916918 NMR, mass spectrometry and protein crystallization were supported in part by the Purdue Center for Cancer Research Shared Resources, which are supported by NIH grant (P30 CA023168). Financial 4445504 NNL was supported by the Clinical Investigator Program at Western University and by a Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program (KRESCENT) postdoctoral fellowship award. Financial 5457172 NP was supported by the Commission on Higher Education Staff Development Project of Thailand. Financial 6232301 NR is a Huntington's Disease Society of America (HDSA) fellowship recipient. Financial 5975915 NRF-CRP-13-2014-02, that is supported by the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore. Financial 5969493 NRL acknowledges financial support from CONACYT (Mexico). Financial 4490248 OA-C is supported by CONACYT-BMBF 2013 (Grant 208132). Financial 5890791 OE was partially supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence scheme, project number 262695. Financial 1665448 of Bangladesh through funds from GoB/DfID/IDA managed by UNICEF. Financial 1291384 of Bangladesh, with support of grants from UNAIDS, from the Department for International Development (DfID), UK grant number BGH 9800 552/582/002, Govt. Financial 6088556 OKF gratefully acknowledges funding from the Army Research Office (project number W911NF-13-1-0229). Financial 4443914 Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope was supported by NIH 1S10RR021113. Financial 5440001 One of the authors of this paper (DAF) is supported by the National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care for Yorkshire and The Humber (NIHR CLAHRC YH). Financial 6105217 Open access funding provided by Austrian Science Fund (FWF). Financial 5329092 Open access funding provided by Max Planck Society. Financial 3449493 Our research is supported by Hungarian National Research Fund OTKA K82068 (to Dezso Nemeth). Financial 6024208 Part of the computational work was performed on ARCHER through our membership of the HPC Materials Chemistry Consortium funded by EPSRC (EP/L000202). Financial 5975915 Part of the work is also supported by NTU-HUJ-BGU Nanomaterials for Energy and Water Management Programme under the Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) and the National Research Foundation Competitive Research Programme, Award No. Financial 5437530 Partial support was also provided by from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases through pilot and supplemental funding made available through the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research (P30AI042853; PI: Stopka). Financial 4397738 Partially supported by ARMIA - Associazione Ricerca Malattie Immunologiche ed Allergiche - Genova Financial 5596415 Parts of the findings summarised herein were funded by the Humboldt Foundation and the Cluster of Excellence “Unifying Concepts in Catalysis‿ of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (EXC 314/2). Financial 4523012 Paul Dietze has received united educational grant funding from Reckitt Benckiser used to conduct post-marketing surveillance of the introduction of buprenorphine-naloxone in Australia. Financial 5513120 Paul Dietze is supported by an ARC Future Fellowship and has received funding from Gilead Sciences and Reckitt Benckiser for work unrelated to this study. Financial 4502361 Peter Diehl was supported by the Erwin-Stephan-Prize. Financial 5982215 PGJ acknowledges the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for the Juan de la Cierva fellowship (IJCI-2014-20615). Financial 5600917 PH and KC are supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge. Financial 5669251 PM gratefully acknowledges financial support from NSERC Strategic Grant and from Green Centre Canada. Financial 5618336 PM thanks Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for partial financial support (EMR/2016/003734). Financial 5853271 Portions of this research were supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the NIH (R01 ES022190), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P41 GM103493), NIH (P42 ES027704), and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Financial 5926541 Pre-Flair, and the efforts that led to it, were supported by the Stroke Imaging Repository (STIR) research group including National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin. Financial 419717 Preparation of this manuscript was supported, in part, by center grant P30-MH52776 from the National Institute of Mental Health; NRSA postdoctoral training grant T32-MH19985; and by Graduate School Dissertation Fellowship-University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Financial 5676047 Publication fees for this manuscript were supported by Allergan SpA-Italy. Financial 3573815 Publication of this article was funded in part by the University of Florida Open Access Publishing Fund. Financial 4893920 Q30 Sports Innovations has financial interests in the development of the Q-Collar. Financial 5625303 RA gratefully acknowledges the support from MINECO through project grants FIS2013-46159-C3-3-P and MAT2016-79776-P. Financial 5811159 RB acknowledges CSIR's XIIth Five Year Plan Project (CSC0122 and CSC0102) ) and CSIR-Young Scientist Grant (YSA000326) for funding. Financial 5980957 RB is supported by a grant from NINDS (NINDS RFA-NS-16-012) to TOB and SS. Financial 5414599 RD is funded by a Norwich Research Park BBSRC Doctoral Training Program Studentship BB/M011216/1 and ZQ is funded by the BBSRC via Institute Strategic Programme Grant BB/J004561/1 to the John Innes Centre. Financial 5855126 RD thanks the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte of Spain for an FPU grant. Financial 6013806 Research at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health is supported by the Victorian Government Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Financial 5436553 Research at the University of Maryland was supported by the NSF Career DMR-1455118 and the AFOSR Grant No. Financial 4499702 Research on miRNA in the Lukiw laboratory involving the innate-immune response in AD, AMD, and in other forms of neurological or retinal disease, amyloidogenesis, and neuro-inflammation was supported through an unrestricted grant to the LSU Eye Center from Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB); the Louisiana Biotechnology Research Network (LBRN), and NIH grants NEI EY006311, NIA AG18031, and NIA AG038834. Financial 4827184 Research personnel who worked on this project were supported by the Lilibeth Caberto Kidney Clinical Research Unit. Financial 4555043 RH is supported by a Tier I Canada Research Chair in Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology. Financial 2682391 RHG is supported by an NHMRC career development fellowship. Financial 3317042 Ricardo Borges Machado is the recipient of a post-doctoral fellowship from the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP # 2010/09087-3). Financial 5620543 RKTP acknowledges a doctoral grant from the University of Iceland Research Fund and financial support from the COST Action CM1301; CELINA, for short term scientific missions (STSMs). Financial 5460503 RM is supported by a MSFHR Scholar Award and CIHR New Investigator Award. Financial 5054577 RM is supported by the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. Financial 4432797 RM was supported by NS59588. Financial 5282550 RMD acknowledges financial support from the School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham (Studentship to JS) and the support of analytical services within the School of Chemistry. Financial 5226106 Robert Ali has received untied educational grants from Reckitt Benckiser and Mundipharm for the post-marketing surveillance of opiate substitution treatment (OST) medications in Australia and untied educational grants from Reckitt Benckiser for conducting a study into the pharmacogenetics predictors of treatment success. Financial 5642196 Rui Chen and Kenny Park were supported by the BK21Plus Program, Ministry of Education. Financial 4991090 Ru-Xin Foong has received funding from Thermofisher Scientific to cover conference fees for continued professional development. Financial 2785866 Sandra Black receives funds from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Alzheimer Society of Canada, and the Heart and Stroke Foundation. Financial 2770997 Sara Davis was supported by OSI to prepare this article. Financial 5874696 SasView also contains code developed with funding from the EU Horizon 2020 programme under the SINE2020 project Grant No 654000. Financial 6223349 SB and MAS acknowledge support from the DFG (grant SU 121/6) and SB thanks the Fulbright commission for funding. Financial 6006475 SB/S1/OC-06/2014, Dated 12-03-2015), DST-Center for Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Microscopy (IR/S1/CU02/2009) and CSIR, India (CSIR: 02(0121)13/EMR-II) for funding. Financial 5707471 SBD, IJSF and GGRG would like to thank the Wellcome Trust and Wolfson Foundation (grants 092506 and 098335). Financial 5669244 SC gratefully acknowledges funding by IIT under the Seed project MOPROSURF. Financial 5356505 SC, HK and AS acknowledge CSIR, India, for a research fellowship. Financial 5356505 SG thanks CSIR for funding (02(0177)/14/EMR-II). Financial 5975828 SG thanks DST Nanomission for funding. Financial 4462100 SGB is supported by a research stipendium from the Medical Faculty, Uppsala University. Financial 4143596 She has also been a principal investigator of two international multicenter trials initiated by Janssen-Cilag, and she was the coordinating investigator of a methylphenidate trial conducted in adult prison inmates with ADHD, funded by the Swedish Ministry of Health and Social Affairs. Financial 4143596 She is the coordinating investigator of a multicenter trial on the treatment of adult ADHD (Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN54096201, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research 01GV0606). Financial 5146853 She is the deputy director general of Center for Mental Health and Prevention of Addiction, coordinator of methadone substitution programs funded by GFATM. Financial 6190737 She was funded by the Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT), Environment, Energy, Sustainability and Health Institute fellowship (E2SHI), and JHSPH Center of Global Health. Financial 3586170 Shire AG reviewed and edited the manuscript for scientific accuracy and provided funding to iMed Comms for support in writing and editing this manuscript. Financial 3899471 Shire Development LLC provided funding to SCI and CHC for support in writing and editing this manuscript. Financial 3608883 Shire Development LLC provided funding to SCI for support in writing and editing this manuscript. Financial 4706844 Shire International GmbH provided funding to Caudex, Oxford, UK, for support in writing, editing, managing reviews, coordinating and collating comments for this manuscript. Financial 3586167 Shire Pharmaceutical Development Ltd provided funding to iMed Comms for support in writing and editing this manuscript. Financial 5905405 SHM thanks the Basque Government for financial support through a PhD fellowship. Financial 6074761 SHS was supported by Graduate Research Fellowship from Universiti Putra Malaysia and MyBrain program from Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education. Financial 6014068 SI is supported by grants from the Israel Science Foundation and Israel Science Ministry. Financial 5939839 SI was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Financial 5628581 SIM was performed in the Indiana University Light Microscopy Imaging Center supported by S10RR028697-01. Financial 5625303 Some of the research has received funding from the European Union FP7 program under Grant Agreement 312483 ESTEEM2 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative-I3), and from the European Union H2020 program under the grant 696656 Graphene Flagship. Financial 4044679 Sonia Villapol is supported by a CNRM post-doctoral fellowship. Financial 5707463 SPA acknowledges a five-year ERC Advanced Investigator grant (PISA 320372). Financial 5885938 SPA thanks the European Research Council for an ERC Advanced Investigator grant (PISA 320372) to support CJM and also EPSRC for a Platform grant (EP/J007846/1) to support MJD. Financial 5587986 SSS thanks the AvH foundation for a postdoctoral fellowship. Financial 6280353 STAHR II was supported through NIDA grant R01DA031074. Financial 3751224 Statistical analysis was performed by the European Biometrics Institute and was funded by Pfizer SLU. Financial 3744035 Studies in our laboratories were supported in part by the New York State Office of People with Developmental Disabilities; NIH grants AG019158, TW008744, and AG27429; Alzheimer Association grants IIRG-00-2002, HRG-05-13095, and NIRG-08-91126 and Zenith Award ZEN-12-231433; ADDF grant 20121203 from Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation. Financial 4486833 Study funding: This work was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia and the Australian Research Council (ARC). Financial 4138489 Supported by grant 260603 (NARPANord) of the Academy of Finland. Financial 4350406 Supported by grants from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS/NIH), the Muscular Dystrophy Association, GoFAR (Italy), and the Friedreich’s Ataxia Research Alliance. Financial 4126040 Supported by grants from the Royal National Institute for Deaf People (UK) G55, the Medical Health and Research Infrastructure Fund (WA), and The University of Western Australia. Financial 3832889 Supported by grants from Wings for Life to Karim Fouad and NIH/NINDS (NS054883), Wings for Life, International Foundation for Research in Paraplegia and International Spinal Research Trust to Armin Blesch. Financial 3031992 Supported by USPHS grants NS20246 and RR20146. Financial 5439515 Susana Santos received a grant from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/81123/2011). Financial 5529995 SvK was funded by a Starting Grant from the European Research Council (ERC-Grant number 639005). Financial 5672788 Synthetic work by GS, LS, and MD was supported by the Center for Excitonics, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the Basic Energy Sciences program of the US Department of Energy Office of Science (award No. Financial 4608147 Tasnim Azim is supported by icddr,b which is funded by core donors who provide unrestricted support to icddr,b for its operations and research. Financial 4522870 TB has received financial research support from Bayer, Biogen Idec, and Novartis. Financial 6202918 thank the Spanish MINECO for the financial support (CTQ2017-87054-C2-2-P project and Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu MDM-2015-0538). Financial 6014160 thank the UK BBSRC for funding via the sLOLA grant BB/J001694/1: “Extending the Boundaries of Nucleic Acid Chemistry‿. Financial 2245922 Thanks are also extended to those Cheshire and Merseyside Drug (and Alcohol) Action Teams who financially support the Inter Agency Drug Misuse Database (IAD) and staff within the CPH who run the IAD. Financial 5317198 Thanks to the Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China, for all the help; all funding body for funding in this project. Financial 6177518 The above funding body was not involved in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript. Financial 5557118 The ADNI data collection and sharing was funded by the ADNI (National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904) and DOD ADNI (Department of Defense award number W81XWH-12–2-0012). Financial 6115685 The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. Financial 5995421 The Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area was supported by PyeongChang County Hospital, PyeongChang County, Gangwon Province, Korea. Financial 4772994 The author extends his appreciation to the Research Centre, College of Applied Medical Sciences, and the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this research. Financial 4980587 The author Mauro Murgia was supported by the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, Master&Back Programme 2013 (PRR-MAB-A2013-19330). Financial 5523120 The authors acknowledge funding by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grants CTQ2012-37404-C02 and Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2009-00038), and the US National Science Foundation (grants CHE-1151428 and CHE-1464646). Financial 6024202 The authors acknowledge funding from the Australian Research Council (DE120100467 and DP150101425) and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology (CE0561607), and generous grants of computing time from the National Computational Infrastructure (NCI) National Facility and Intersect Australia Ltd. Financial 5468987 The authors acknowledge funding from the EPSRC with grants EP/K010298/1 and EP/K039547/1 (POB and PDMcN) and a Doctoral Prize for PDM. Financial 5994791 The authors acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF-CHE-1506839). Financial 5666682 The authors also thank the ANR-12-JS08-0006-01 PHOBIOS for financial support. Financial 6124481 The authors also thank the Research Services Center for Health Information, Chang Gung University for administrative, technical, and funding support. Financial 5914429 The authors also thank the Singapore-MIT alliance for Research and Technology for funding and the MIT Center for Materials Science and Engineering Shared Experimental Facilities for providing the TEM instrument. Financial 4010770 The authors also thank the technology transfer office of the University of Geneva (UNITEC) for their financial support for the development of the technical interface to couple the gyroscope to the cochlear implant processor through the INNOGAP proof-of-principle fund. Financial 3978369 The authors disclose receipt of financial support from the Norrbacka-Eugenia Foundation and the Swedish Research Council (Dnr: 2011-179). Financial 5950755 The authors gratefully acknowledge NSF CHE-1350541 and Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis for financial support. Financial 5635847 The authors gratefully acknowledge the computing time granted on the RWTH Bull Cluster in Aachen (grant number JARA0091). Financial 5934825 The authors gratefully acknowledge the computing time granted via the JARA-HPC partition on the supercomputer JURECA at Forschungszentrum Jülich. Financial 5580075 The authors gratefully acknowledge the EPSRC and UCL for funding. Financial 5628588 The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this work from the Max Planck Society. Financial 1291384 The cohort study was conducted by ICDDR,B in close collaboration with CARE, Bangladesh and was funded by AusAID. Financial 5297940 The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Hercules Foundation and the Flemish Government – department EWI. Financial 3863957 The computational resources used in this work were funded by an investment grant from the Région ÃŽle-de-France through the scientific program DIM MALINF. Financial 5654412 The computational studies were in part supported by the Strategic Programs for Innovative Research (SPIRE, MEXT) and the Computational Materials Science Initiative (CMSI), Japan. Financial 5452916 The computational work was facilitated by access to the UK National Supercomputer, ARCHER (EPSRC Grant EP/L000202) and access to the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation Grant ACI-1053575. Financial 5941269 The computational work was supported by the Campus de Excelencia Internacional UAM + CSIC. Financial 5441005 The contribution by AL was supported by the Criminal Justice Policy Foundation and by Amherst College. Financial 5441005 The contributions by SGS and BWW were supported by the Johns Hopkins University Center for AIDS Research (P30AI094189). Financial 5870054 The excitation power dependent luminescence measurements were performed on a transient absorption spectrometer supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. Financial 5100333 The experiments reported in this paper have been supported by funds of the Italian Ministry of Education (PRIN), the Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze, Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC). Financial 5431675 The experiments were supported by Talisman Joint Research Project under contract with the European Commission. Financial 6054111 The financial support from NEDO (11B10002d), MEXT (25107726; Innovative Areas of “Fusion Materials‿) and JST-ALCA is greatly appreciated. Financial 6100254 The financial support from the ICIQ Foundation and the CELLEX Foundation through the CELLEX-ICIQ high throughput experimentation platform and the Starting Career Program is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 5201210 The financial support is provided by the US National Institutes of Health via Grant GM102735 to JG. Financial 6206843 The funding for this study was provided by the General Electric – National Football League Head Health Initiative. Financial 5914135 The funding from the State of Bavaria for the establishment of the KeyLab for Supramolecular Polymers of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) is gratefully acknowledged. Financial 5878662 The funding is provided by the National Institute of Aging in the United States, and a consortium of UK government departments coordinated by the Office for National Statistics. Financial 4645473 The present study has been supported by an unrestricted educational grant from GlaxoSmithKline spa, Verona, Italy. Financial 6130532 The present study is also partly supported by Research Institute of Innovative Think-tank in Guangxi Medical University (The gene–environment interaction in hepatocarcinogenesis in Guangxi HCCs and its translational applications in the HCC prevention). Financial 6130532 The present study is also partly supported by Scientific Research Fund of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Z2016318) and The Basic Ability Improvement Project for Middle-aged and Young Teachers in Colleges and Universities in Guangxi (2018KY0110). Financial 3267403 The project was primarily supported from grant RO1 HL 73103 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Financial 5329092 The project was supported by a Grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (EN 144/4-1). Financial 4549649 The project was supported by the Innovation Fund Denmark. Financial 6025765 The project was supported by the Ministry of Health of the Peoples Republic of China (Grant No. Financial 5941797 The research was supported by the National Science Foundation (CHE 1609672). Financial 2929409 The research was supported in part by the Key Project of the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (CSTC, 2008BA0021). Financial 2169216 The research was supported with funding from the National Drug Policy Discretionary Grant Fund (NZ). Financial 5601987 The study was financially supported by the Open Eyes Foundation, Switzerland. Financial 4264599 The study was funded by a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health (R24MH080827) and a grant from the National Institute on Aging (R01AG043465-01A1). Financial 4608123 The study was funded by an Australian Development Research Award (Australian government); the funding body had no role in the study’s design, implementation, analysis or decision to publish. Financial 3426261 The study was funded by BioCell Technology LLC (Newport Beach, CA). Financial 5477039 The work described in this paper was supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China (Early Career Scheme, Project No. Financial 6022115 The work described in this paper was supported by grants from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administration Region (Project No. Financial 5727075 The work has been financially supported by the Jacques and Gloria Gossweiler Foundation and The European Foundation for Health and Exercise. Financial 6127647 The work has been supported by a PhD scholarship from Keele University. Financial 2717905 This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, under Contracts number NO1-AI-25496 and NO1-AI-25482, and from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health, under grant M01 RR00533. Financial 6243472 This project has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CRC 765). Financial 5934837 This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC-2015-STG-677023). Financial 5933425 This research is jointly supported by NSFC (51573092), the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at the Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, and the Singapore Academic Research Fund (RG112/15 and RG19/16). Financial 5530946 This research is partially supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Japanese-Taiwanese Cooperative Program of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JSP), and The Canon Foundation. Financial 5968529 This research is partially supported by the Platform Project for Supporting in Drug Discovery and Life Science Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), the Advanced Catalytic Transformation (ACT-C) from the Japan Science and Technology (JST) Agency, and the Kobayashi International Foundation. Financial 6090052 This research was funded by Kessler Foundation (West Orange NJ, USA). Financial 5642149 This research was funded by Marie Curie ITN 316656 SMARTNET for VMPV and University of York for LHH. Financial 5417014 This research was funded by NIH/NIGMS (PJT GM102864). Financial 4168699 This study was supported by a Monash University CSIRO collaborative research scheme. Financial 2577634 This study was supported by a New Emerging Team (NET) grant #79917 from the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) and a Community Research Capacity Enhancement Program (CRCEP) grant from the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH). Financial 3244758 This study was supported by a University of Murcia PhD grant. Financial 5639791 This work was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from JSPS, the Global COE Program, the University of Tokyo, and MEXT (Japan). Financial 6122290 This work was partially supported by an IBRO-Swiss National Science Foundation grant to WS and AK-L. Financial 2175526 This work was partially supported by an instrument grant from NWO to ECH and an NSF grant to ALR (OCE- 0242038). Financial 4440502 This work was partially supported by ARMIA (Associazione Ricerca Malattie Immunologiche e Allergiche). Financial 3289128 This work was supported by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (program ANR-09-BLAN-0148), CNRS PEPS, and Neuro-IC programs. Financial 6020763 This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), la Fondation Paralysie Cérébrale (previously Fondation Motrice), the Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Aix-Marseille Université, the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center and Ministère des Affaires Etrangères et du Développement International. Financial 5897889 TS acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation for a postdoctoral fellowship. Financial 4912315 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia funded this study via grants FF-2015-412 and FF-2015-396. Financial 5707482 University of Oregon NMR facilities are supported by NSF CHE-0923589. Financial 5001687 Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (grant DE-AC02-06CH11357). Financial 3180519 Vertiflex, Inc, (San Clemente, CA) provided financial support for development of this manuscript. Financial 4603534 VKM is grateful to NSERC and the Government of Canada for a Banting post-doctoral fellowship. Financial 4349779 VLJ is funded by KRESCENT and MSFHR postdoctoral fellowships. Financial 5707489 VLP and TM acknowledge the Blaise Pascal International Chair for financial support. Financial 6288234 We acknowledge financial support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft within the funding programme Open Access Publishing, by the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts and by Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg. Financial 5385627 We acknowledge financial support by Land Schleswig-Holstein within the funding programme Open Access Publikationsfonds. Financial 6256854 We acknowledge financial support by the European Union (ERC-StG-338258 OptoQMol, ERC-AdG-320969) and Marie SkÅ‚odowska-Curie Research Fellowship MC-SpinReMag-707252, the Violette & Samuel Glasstone Research Fellowship, the Royal Society (URF and Grant funds), EPSRC (QuEEN grant), EPSRC (Centre for Advanced ESR spectroscopy (CAESR) at the University of Oxford (EP/L011972/1)), German DV scholarship and Corpus Christi College. Financial 5492874 We also acknowledge financial aid from the Generalitat de Catalunya (2014 SGR 501). Financial 5939608 We also acknowledge support from EPSRC (grants EP/J012955/1 and EP/J012998/1). Financial 5510011 We also acknowledge the EPSRC (EP/G010250) for financial support and the Royal Society for a Wolfson Research Merit Award (PAE). Financial 5853289 We also acknowledge the Erasmus + programme of the European Union and the EPSRC (grant number EP/K039547/1) for financial support. Financial 6289145 We also acknowledge the financial support of the Research Council of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences for this project. Financial 4339782 We also acknowledge the Geological Society for funding fieldwork, and the Leverhulme Trust and NERC for funding this work. Financial 4674911 We also acknowledge the support received from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare in conducting the linkage, as well as funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the Colonial Foundation, the Centre for Research Excellence in Injecting Drug Use and the Victorian Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Financial 6090020 We also thank NICHD grant 1R01NS087978-01 (PK) for support. Financial 6100254 We also thank the CERCA Programme (Generalitat de Catalunya) for financial support and MINECO (Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation 2014–2018; SEV-2013-0319). Financial 5811102 We also thank the EPSRC (core capability grant no. Financial 5580044 We appreciate financial support through a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (24350030) and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (26220802) from JSPS and grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21174023, 21137001 and 21429201). Financial 6124793 We appreciate materials grant support by Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany (confocal laser endomicroscope). Financial 5942039 We are also grateful for the financial support to the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (Project I 1392) and to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grant No BO1301/12-1). Financial 5908903 We are also grateful for the funding provided by the Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Foundation (PG4116 to SR, FN, and LJ), the Genise Goldenson Fund (to SR and LJ), and the American Heart Association (17SDG33670850 to LJ). Financial 3604640 We are also grateful for the funding support from Scott and White Hospital (RGP#90347). Financial 5887107 We are also grateful to the Canada Excellence Research Chairs Program for funding. Financial 5666681 We are also grateful to the STFC funded Environmental Radiation Network (Env-Rad-Net) for facilitating this work. Financial 4324598 We are grateful for financial support by NSF (CHE-1152767) and NIH (R01-GM098777). Financial 5627348 We are grateful for financial support from the 863 Program (2015AA020941), the National Key Research Project (2015CB910300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 21474003, 91427304, 21633001) and “1000 Plan (Youth)‿. Financial 4033252 We gratefully acknowledge funding support from Alzheimer Society Canada for both Pradeep Reddy Raamana and Mirza Faisal Beg. Financial 6054065 We gratefully acknowledge funding support from NSF (CBET-1332780). Financial 5944378 We gratefully acknowledge funding support from NSF (CHE-1724505) for structural and computational studies, NIH NIGMS (GM114547) for reactivity studies, and MIT. Financial 6137440 We gratefully acknowledge the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC, EP/L014017/2) and the Marie SkÅ‚odowska Curie actions (IF-656841 to MF) for funding. Financial 5935059 We gratefully acknowledge the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council for funding (EP/L014017/2 and EP/K039547/1). Financial 5399535 We gratefully acknowledge the EPSRC (EP/M01792X/1) and i-sense EPSRC IRC in Early Warning Sensing Systems for Infectious Diseases (EP/K031953/1) for funding AM and DAR, respectively. Financial 5501100 We gratefully acknowledge the European Research Council for funding (ERC-StG-2010-258613-BIOMOF). Financial 6115674 We gratefully acknowledge the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21572124 and 21602128), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (GK201802008), and start-up funds from Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2016ZDJC-03, 2018JM2010). Financial 5707456 We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Grant 973 Program (2011CB935800, 2011CB911000 and 2013CB933700) and NSF of China (21275149, 21375135, 21205124 and 21321003). Financial 6050594 We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from NSFC (21788102, 21722603, 214210004 and 21476075), Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (B1607), the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. Financial 5811111 We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Science Foundation (CHE-1309817). Financial 4251450 We kindly acknowledge the financial support provided by the US Army Research Office. Financial 5707447 We received financial support for Harvard University and the Searle Scholars Program. Financial 4546245 We received funding from the Ontario HIV Treatment Network. Financial 5433512 We sincerely thank the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) for a Discovery Grant and Queen's University for generous financial support. Financial 5672842 We thank Christian Schwalbe & Birgitta Kegel for technical assistance and the Danish National Research council (FNU) for financial support. Financial 5949602 We thank CPRIT (R-1118) and the Welch Foundation (F-1781) for funding. Financial 5939609 We thank Diamond Light Source Ltd, AWE plc, Cytec Aerospace Materials UK Ltd, and the University of Reading for PhD studentship funding. Financial 6054101 We thank Dr Antonio DiPasquale for experimental assistance and NIH shared instrumentation grant S10-RR027172. Financial 5477148 We thank EaStCHEM (Graduate Studentship to AV), EPSRC (Graduate Studentship to TK, Grant EP/K503162/1) and the University of St Andrews for financial support. Financial 6094157 We thank EaStCHEM, the University of Edinburgh and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council EPSRC, grants EP/H004823/1 and EP/M010554/1, and the European COST network CM1205. Financial 5396527 We thank EPFL and European Research Council for financial support (ERC; Starting Grant iTools4MC, number 334840). Financial 5304619 We thank EPFL and the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number 200021_159920) for financial support. Financial 5637460 We thank EPFL for financial support. Financial 5355805 We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21274016, 21374013, and 21421005), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT-13R06) and the Program for DUT Innovative Research Team (DUT2016TB12), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT15YQ101 and DUT16ZD221) for financial support of this work. Financial 6094157 We thank the NSF CCI Center for Enabling New Technologies through Catalysis (CENTC, CHE-1205189) and the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Critical Resource Catalysis (CRITICAT, Grant code EP/L016419/1) for funding the researcher exchange visit (JMG). Financial 6024178 We thank the NSF for funding the qubit studies through CHE-1455017 and the AFOSR for funding the magnetic anisotropy studies through FA9550-14-1-0358. Financial 6022008 We thank the NSF for the support of experimental studies under grant no. Financial 5676250 We thank the NSFC (91529101, 21572057 and 21778017) for financial support. Financial 6154431 We would like to acknowledge the Gambling Advisory Committee and the Office of Problem Gambling whose funding made this work possible. Financial 6166575 We would like to acknowledge the Minerva (Munich) Foundation, the Israel Science Foundation, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41630318 & 41772363), the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/M001989/1) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/L022176/1) for funding. Financial 5618254 We would like to acknowledge the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0600901), the National Science Foundation of China (21525626, 21276191, U1662109), and the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (B06006), and the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City (16JCQNJC06200) for financial support. Financial 6090997 We would like to acknowledge the Royal British Legion Centre for Blast Injury Studies for funding to MS and CD. Financial 5472846 Wei Guo is supported by the Beijing Nova Program and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS. Financial 5808199 Work partially funded by NIH NS103036, AT007429, NS095166, and AHA 33450010 (SD). Financial 5508675 Work performed at the NHMFL is supported by the NSF (Grant No. Financial 5890799 XRD data were collected using an instrument funded by the NSF (CHE-1625543). Financial 3449490 Yiwen Zheng was supported by a New Zealand Health Research Council Sir Charles Hercus Fellowship. Financial 5358539 ZG thanks the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for financial support. Financial 5452273 acknowledges a doctoral scholarship from CONICET. Financial 4374627 DW was funded by an MRC collaborative grant (G0600986) and UJ-K by a fellowship from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Je 598/1-1). Financial 4800411 MK thanks the support by NIH (RO1-GM069445). Financial 5975791 MKK is thankful to the EPSRC for the Career Acceleration Fellowship (EP/I003983/1). Financial 3687200 Research in SM-R lab is funded by FEDER funds through the Operational Competitiveness Programme – Compete and by National Funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia under the projects FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-022718 (PEst-C/SAU/LA0002/2011), FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-007075 (PTDC/BIA-PRO/70455/2006), FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-009031 (PTDC/BIA-PRO/100059/2008), and FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-015860 (PTDC/SAU-NMC/110602/2009). Financial 4644785 Research in the authors’ laboratories is supported by Alzheimer’s Research UK, Alzheimer’s Society, MRC, NIHR, Parkinson’s UK, Wellcome trust, and the EU. Financial 3983497 Research in the Lukiw laboratory involving the microbiome, microRNA, small non-coding RNA, the innate-immune response, amyloidogenesis, and neuroinflammation in AD, retinal, and prion disease, was supported through a COBRE III Pilot Award, an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB), the Louisiana Biotechnology Research Network (LBRN), and NEI EY006311 and NIA AG038834. Financial 5431013 The authors acknowledge Satt Innov Ile de France for financial support. Financial 3980089 The authors acknowledge the KLS foundation, Linköping University, and Linköping University Hospital local funds for financing this study. Financial 5790781 The financial support of L’Association Française contre les Myopathies (AFM) and European Commission (EU) are acknowledged (VR). Financial 5732974 They are also grateful to the French Garantie, “Mutuelle des Fonctionnaires‿ (GMF), which funded the study, and to the “Institut de Recherche sur la Moelle Epinière et l’Encéphale (IRME)‿ which initiated it. Financial 4491622 This work was partially supported by the European STREP Program – Collaborative Project no. Financial 6082965 We acknowledge support by the DFG Open Access publication funds of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum. Financial 4332345 We gratefully acknowledge financial support as follows. Financial 3309563 We would like to acknowledge the Southeastern Virtual Institute for Health Equity and Wellness (SE VIEW) funded by the Department of Defense and are grateful for their program support of The Stroke and Stroke Risk Reduction Initiative at MUSC. Financial 4426821 Work in our laboratories is supported by University Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, INSERM, and University of Warwick, and grants from the ANR (Grants No. Financial 4625082 AA receives support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR; MFE199421) and MSFHR (5515). Financial 4402445 AC is a Post-Doctoral Researcher supported by FWO (Research Foundation – Flanders). Financial 4349662 AcknowledgementMMS is provided salary support by the Jindal Research Chair for the Prevention of Kidney Disease at the University of Ottawa. Financial 5853268 Acknowledgment is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for support of the early stages of this research. Financial 5511019 AcknowledgmentsAll phases of this study were sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81541041 and 81570992) and the Interdisciplinary of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (project number YG2015MS06). Financial 5995418 AcknowledgmentsData collection and analysis were supported by grants awarded to JEG by the National Institutes of Health (R01 AG040211 and P30 AG008051), the Morris and Alma Schapiro Fund, and the New York State Department of Health (DOH-2011-1004010353). Financial 3739421 AcknowledgmentsEditorial support in the development of this manuscript was provided by R Daniel and K Ayling-Rouse of Parexel, and was funded by Eisai Inc and Pfizer Inc. Financial 5360414 AcknowledgmentsMedical writing assistance was provided by John McGuire, PhD, MediTech Media, Ltd, funded by Celgene Corporation. Financial 5021061 AcknowledgmentsMerz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, provided financial support for the manuscript preparation and gratefully acknowledges Scinopsis Medical Writing for their assistance. Financial 419718 AcknowledgmentsPreparation of this manuscript was supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Substance Abuse Policy Research Program. Financial 6227250 DK gratefully acknowledges support from the ETH Zürich Postdoctoral Fellowship Program and the Marie Curie Actions for People COFUND, and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) for generously funding her research with a Marie Heim-Vögtlin fellowship. Financial 4052737 We would also like to acknowledge the generous support from the Crystal Charity Ball Foundation. Financial 6129765 Yeonwoo Lebovitz is supported through Virginia Tech Interdisciplinary Graduate Education Program in Regenerative Medicine and the Dannon Yogurt, Probiotics and the Gut Microbiome Fellowship Grant. Financial 5621158 Yixin Lu thanks the National University of Singapore (R-143-000-599-112) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21672158) for the generous financial support. Financial 5664357 Yixin Lu would like to thank the National University of Singapore (R-143-000-599-112), GSK–EDB (R-143-000-491-592), and the Ministry of Education (MOE) of Singapore (R-143-000-494-112) for generous financial support. Financial 3483652 AcknowledgmentsThis work presented was supported in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG Or 79 1-1 and 79/4-2), VerUm, and the Interdisciplinary center for Clinical Research, University of Leipzig (IZKF TP C16) (to MO). Financial 4940896 Carla Ginn holds the Stephanson Cooke Doctoral Scholarship. Financial 3269033 In addition, Dr. Urbano is a fellow of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (http://www.gf.org/fellows/17153-francisco-urbano) and is supported by FONCyT, Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (http://www.ifibyne.fcen.uba.ar/new/): BID 1728 OC. Financial 4353253 CW is a recipient of a National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) Senior Research Fellowship (#1021970). Financial 4625082 LB is a Canada Research Chair and receives support from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR; CI-SCH-01796). Financial 3527696 JWS is a trainee in the Integrated Pharmacological Sciences Training Program supported by grant T32GM062754 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. Financial 5028680 Dr. CM is a recipient of a NHMRC-ARC Dementia Research Development Fellowship (APP1109482). Financial 5078942 B. has received a grant from Allergy Therapeutics for a scientific consultancy; C. I. is a scientific consultant for Stallergenes Italy; M. M. has received a grant from ALK for the project “ALK Venom Expert”. Financial 312598 SSM is a recipient of the American Lung Association of Florida Career Development Award. Financial 312598 HS is a recipient of the Fulbright-Colciencias Scholarship. Financial 4457221 Dr Sheila N Garland is a postdoctoral fellow funded by a Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) Bisby Fellowship. Financial 5707465 S. K. is a recipient of the JSPS Predoctoral Fellowships for Young Scientists. Financial 5953004 T. M. is a recipient of JSPS fellowship for young scientists. Financial 5297897 A. Y. is a recipient of the JSPS research fellowship for young scientists. Financial 5359901 The Laboratory BioCIS is a member of the Laboratory of Excellence LERMIT supported by a Grant from ANR (ANR-10-LABX-33). Financial 5887810 A. Brik is a Neubauer Professor and a Taub Fellow, Supported by the Taub Foundations. Financial 5485889 A. V. S. is a Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences, supported by the Pew Charitable Trusts. Financial 5431633 This work employed resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Financial 5645781 Jonathan Clayden is a recipient of a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. Financial 5934746 R. L. is a recipient of a Talent Hub fellowship from Junta de Andalucía. Financial 5613243 H. L. is a recipient of the K. C. Wong Education Foundation, Hong Kong. Financial 5460595 D. G. is a Research Fellow of Zukunftskolleg of the University of Konstanz, and is supported by the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. Financial 5490339 JLM is a recipient of a Chaire d'accueil from the Région Aquitaine. Financial 5510010 F. E. G. is a recipient of a fellowship through the Excellence Initiative (DFG/GSC 266). Financial 5452265 J. P. Z. is a recipient of a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Financial 6138237 T. R. is a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Fellow (grant 743640). Financial 6138237 G. J. L. B. is a Royal Society URF and recipient of an ERC StG (TagIt). Financial 5890791 CPG is a recipient of the Scholarship Fund of the Swiss Chemical Industry. Financial 6049522 M. F. K. is a Damon Runyon-Rachleff Innovator supported (in part) by the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation (DRR-29-14). Financial 5355956 A. Brik is a Neubauer Professor and a Taub Fellow-Supported by the Taub Foundations. Financial 5941273 is a recipient of a Ramón y Cajal Fellowship (RYC-2013-12799). Financial 5578368 G. J. L. B. is a Royal Society University Research Fellow and the recipient of an ERC Staring Grant (TagIt). Financial 4987086 S. H. L is a recipient of an NIH career development award (NIH/NIDA K01DA038000). Financial 4632883 Laura Pop is a fellow of POSDRU grant no. 159/1.5/S/138776 with title ”Model colaborativ institutional pentru translatarea cercetarii stiintifice biomedicale in practica clinica - TRANSCENT” . Financial 4632884 Miclea Diana is a fellow of POSDRU grant no. 159/1.5/S/138776 grant with title: “Model colaborativ institutional pentru translarea cercetarii stiintifice biomedicale in practica clinica-TRANSCENT” . Financial 4849383 Cosmin Caraiani is a fellow of POSDRU grant no.159/1.5/S/13/138776: “Model colaborativ institutional pentru translatarea cercetarii stiintifice biomedicale in practica clinica- TRANSCENT” . Financial 4689233 Cosmin Caraiani is a fellow of POSDRU grant no.159/1.5/S/13/138776: “Model colaborativ institutional pentru translatarea cercetarii stiintifice biomedicale in practica clinica-TRANSCENT” . Financial 4508609 Dr. Cerasela Mihaela Goidescu is a fellow of POSDRU grant no. 159/1.5/S/138776 grant with title: „Model colaborativ instituÈ›ional pentru transaltarea cercetării È™tiinÈ›ifice biomedicale în practica clinică – TRANSCENT”. Financial 4755452 Prasad is a recipient of a Career Development Award (CDA2, 1IK2CX001026-01; U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical Science, Research, and Development ). Financial 6204373 CP is a Cancer Research Institute Irvington Fellow supported by the Cancer Research Institute. Financial 6085422 MA is a recipient of a long-term fellowship (BUIT 2012-5347) from the Dutch Cancer Society. Financial 5951931 YJ is a recipient of a PhD scholarship (poste d’acceuil) from INSERM. Financial 4338791 TM is a recipient of a contract in the context of the project “Bioscience and Health (B&H)” (PONa3_00395). Financial 5786548 SC is a recipient of a fellowship from INCa. Financial 5911593 KP is a principal research fellow supported from the NHMRC. Financial 5037235 NK is a recipient of fellowship from Department of Biotechnology, SP and AV are recipient of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and MA is from Department of Science and Technology. Financial 5996933 MET is a recipient of a Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Neuroimmune Plasticity in Health and Therapy, JS is a recipient of a Fonds de recherche du Québec-Santé (FRQS) fellowship, KP is the recipient of a Fondation du CHU de Québec scholarship, and FG-I is the recipient of a scholarship from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Conacyt). Financial 5760495 LZ is a Pew Scholar in Biomedical Sciences, supported by the Pew Charitable Trusts, and an Investigator in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease, supported by Burroughs Wellcome Fund. Financial 5442186 BS is a research fellow supported by the Strategic Research Program (SRP3, VUB): Targeting inflammation linked to infectious diseases and cancer (Nanobodies for Health). Financial 3342362 Amiram Ariel is a recipient of the young scientist award from Teva Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Financial 4302982 Suzanne M. Crowe is a recipient of a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) Principal Research Fellowship. Financial 4290675 Jonathan C. Choy is a recipient of a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar award. Financial 4653610 ADG is a recipient of the FWO postdoctoral fellowship 2013. Financial 3791614 Vincent Vieillard is a researcher from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the recipient of a Contrat Hospitalier de Recherche Translationnelle (CHRT). Financial 4731487 MW is a post-doctoral fellow supported by DBT-Wellcome Trust. Financial 6232930 CS is a EMBO Long-term fellowship holder (ALTF 587-2016). Financial 4831636 JY is a recipient of Ontario Graduate Scholarship. Financial 4021115 Nadia Chanzu is a Ph. D. student funded by the GHRI grants program and CIHR, IID and GHTP. Financial 5491555 DS is a recipient of a Senior Research Fellowship from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); ST is recipient of Senior Research Fellowship from the Indian Counsel of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India. Financial 5447689 MA is a recipient of fellowship of the University Grant Commission, M Aqdas of Inspire Fellowship of the Department of Science and Technology, SN, KS, NK of DBT, and JS of CSIR. Financial 5334349 EAS is a student of the PhD program: Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from CONACyT (#508108). Financial 4584934 RJ is a recipient of a PhD Studentship from the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada. Financial 3342390 Olivier Neyrolles is a fellow of a CNRS-ATIP fellowship. Financial 3816228 F. Salazar is a recipient of a PhD scholarship from the National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICYT), Chile. Financial 5437120 BM is a PhD student supported by a CIFRE/EFS Pays de la Loire/Nantes Université no. 481/2015 grant. Financial 4528159 SM is a recipient of Malaysian governmental scholarship. Financial 5285348 EM-P is a PhD student enrolled in the Biochemistry PhD program/UNAM and is supported by a scholarship from CONACYT/Mexico. Financial 4451642 RS is a recipient of Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT110100372). Financial 5591428 SSJ is a recipient of Masaryk University Faculty of Medicine Stipend for Doctoral studies. Financial 5763129 ML is a recipient of a AMU/UTAS postgraduate scholarship. Financial 6030351 SS is a recipient of Victoria India Doctoral Scholarship and Melbourne International Fee Remission Scholarship, University of Melbourne. Financial 6030351 MK is a recipient of Melbourne International Research Scholarship and Melbourne International Fee Remission Scholarship. Financial 5796901 OS-G is a recipient of a doctoral scholarship from CONACYT-México. Financial 5701921 SFA is a recipient of a PhD scholarship from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brazil). Financial 5960670 AM is a recipient of a PhD scholarship provided by the Egyptian Government. Financial 5526853 SDF is a Fondazione Veronesi Post-Doctoral fellowship recipient. Financial 3463874 Marc Leshner is a recipient of a Grier Summer Research Award from PSU. Financial 5767187 MK is a recipient of a Mitacs Elevate Postdoctoral Fellowship. Financial 5625003 JK is a recipient of The Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. Financial 4485212 HM is a Ph. D. Fellow supported by FRIA of Belgium. Financial 3558687 Giuseppe Sciumè is a recipient of a fellowship from Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti. Financial 4337332 AM is a senior research associate at the Fund for Scientific Research (F. R. S-FNRS), Belgium. Financial 3858890 Sylvie Lesage is a recipient of a CIHR New Investigator Award. Financial 3540764 Michele Ardolino is a recipient of a fellowship from Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti. Financial 4387961 PM is a senior member of and supported by the Institut Universitaire de France. Financial 6255983 ST holds the Aubrey J. Tingle Professorship in Pediatric Immunology and is a clinical scholar of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. Financial 3342079 Mark Agostino is a recipient of an Australian Postgraduate Award (APA). Financial 4977179 R Rabasa-Lhoret is a recipient of the FRSQ clinical researcher scholarship and holds the J-A DeSève chair. Financial 3076616 Y. S. Niwa is a recipient of the SPD research fellowship from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Financial 3228402 MF is a recipient of a graduate fellowship from the Generalitat de Catalonia. Financial 5600916 MM is a recipient from la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer. Financial 4561518 RB is a recipient of an NHMRC Research Fellowship. Financial 3356098 K. Johan Rosengren is a recipient of a NHMRC Career Development Award. Financial 4158907 Elizabeth Kimani is a Wellcome Trust Fellow (Research Grant no. 097146/Z/11/Z). Financial 3435526 Dr. Marras is a recipient of a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Financial 5045574 FundingAdrian Ceccato is a recipient of an ERS Long Term Fellowship. Financial 5078925 N. M. is a Research Resident Fellowship awardee from the Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research in Japan. Financial 4819750 C Ross Ethier is a recipient of the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. Financial 2927804 HPK is a Molecular Medicine Investigator and the recipient of the José Carreras/ E. Donnall Thomas Endowed Chair for Cancer Research. Financial 3292312 M. K. O’B. is a National Health and Medical Research Council Fellow (No. 545805). Financial 6209887 AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments are dedicated to all participants in the clinical trials. General acknowledgement 4285811 Thanks to the caregiver participants for whom this research is dedicated. General acknowledgement 5797477 This work would not be possible without collaborations with local departments of neurosurgery radiology and neurology, nurses, EEG technicians, and without a dedicated effort and participation of patients and their families. General acknowledgement 4168623 We extend our gratitude to the contraceptive clients, providers, and program and policy implementers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 5325914 :The authors wish to thank all the staff of emergency and neurology departments of ShohadayeTajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614557 :The authors would like to thank all the emergency unit personnel and the staff of the medical statistics center of Imam Hossein Hospital. General acknowledgement 4614554 :The authors would like to thank all the emergency unit personnel and the staff of the medical statistics center of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital. General acknowledgement 6289155 :The authors would like to thank the emergency department staff of 9-day Hospital. General acknowledgement 5007909 :The contribution of all trauma unit staff of Imam Hossein and Shohadaye Tajrish Hospitals is appreciated. General acknowledgement 5830063 A big thank you to all those involved in the research from the following organizations: ANCS, APSCID, SEV, and UCAD. General acknowledgement 5830063 A special thank you to field researchers Khady Dia, Massamba Diakhate, Abo Diagne, Hawa Abou Lam, Maloum Ndiaye, Ossenyou Ndiaye, and Pap Malick Sene. General acknowledgement 4553385 A special thank you to the GMP scientists, Christopher Fisher, head of GMP production and Andrew Hope, head of GMP quality at Guy’s Hospital. General acknowledgement 5537985 A special thank you to the youth who took the time to participate in this study and share their important insights. General acknowledgement 5708200 A special thanks is due to Sherry Young, without whose unselfish support and encouragement this paper would never be completed. General acknowledgement 4349751 A special thanks the work done by the numerous members of the participating professional societies who have served on the CORR Board of Directors over the last 25 years. General acknowledgement 4289485 A special thanks to the people with dementia and their family caregivers for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6022703 Above all, the authors wish to thank the 22,411 individuals who participated in this studyâ€‿their time and contributions are greatly appreciated. General acknowledgement 6205532 Above all, they are grateful to the patients who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 5827049 Acknowledgement:We appreciate all kind assistance of ICU personnel. General acknowledgement 5703759 AcknowledgementAll staffs who helped to establish the trial, are acknowledged. General acknowledgement 4397898 AcknowledgementThe authors gratefully acknowledge all participating children and parents. General acknowledgement 3678146 AcknowledgementThe authors thank all medical staff at the liver unit of Chiba University School of Medicine Hospital. General acknowledgement 3398070 AcknowledgementThe authors thank all medical staff at the Liver Unit of the Chiba University School of Medicine Hospital. General acknowledgement 4462425 AcknowledgementThe authors would like to thank all patients for taking time and completing the questionnaire. General acknowledgement 3398082 AcknowledgementThe authors would like to thank their colleagues and nursing staff of the 1st Surgery Department, General University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece. General acknowledgement 5836183 AcknowledgementWe thank all members of the Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, for helping with this study. General acknowledgement 4576778 AcknowledgementWe thank all study participants and the staff of the Leon Daniello Hospital. General acknowledgement 4939666 AcknowledgementWe thank the trauma surgery staff for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 4608150 AcknowledgementWe would like to extend our gratitude to the participants of the research, without whom we could not complete this work. General acknowledgement 3724127 AcknowledgementWe would like to thank the Pathology Department of Acibadem University School of Medicine. General acknowledgement 5827055 Acknowledgment:The authors would like to thank the internal medicine department staff of Brandon Regional Hospital, Brandon, Florida, USA. General acknowledgement 4614582 Acknowledgment:We acknowledge all staffs of emergency department of Imam Reza hospital, Tabriz, Iran. General acknowledgement 5325929 AcknowledgmentAll authors would like to thank all the ED staff of Shahid Beheshti and Amir Kola Hospitals, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran. General acknowledgement 5007912 AcknowledgmentAll authors would like to thank all the staff of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia and the research center of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. General acknowledgement 5703755 AcknowledgmentAll the ED staff members are acknowledged for cooperating during the project. General acknowledgement 6036519 AcknowledgmentAll the personnel of the emergency department of Imam Reza Hospital are sincerely thanked for their cooperation in performance of this project. General acknowledgement 5827047 AcknowledgmentAll the staff members of the emergency department of Be’sat Hospital are thanked for their cooperation throughout the study period. General acknowledgement 6036518 AcknowledgmentAll the staff members of the emergency department of Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran are thanked for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 6036523 AcknowledgmentAll the staff members of the emergency department of Imam Hospital are thanked for their cooperation throughout the study period. General acknowledgement 6036531 AcknowledgmentAll the staff members of the emergency department of Shohaday-e-Tajrish Hospital are thanked for their cooperation throughout the study period. General acknowledgement 5325902 AcknowledgmentAuthors would like to thank all the staff of Emergency Department and cardiac care unit of Bouali Hospital, Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614594 Acknowledgments:All authors would like to say thanks to all staff of Imam Khomeini Hospital and the research center of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. General acknowledgement 4614613 Acknowledgments:Authors acknowledge department of Pathology Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Postgraduate Medical Research Institute, Pravara Medical Trust of Loni, India, Kingston Public Hospital of Jamaica, and Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Science and Research Center. General acknowledgement 4614573 Acknowledgments:Authors would like to say thanks to all patients and stuffs of the emergency department of Imam Reza hospital for their contribution. General acknowledgement 4902207 Acknowledgments:Authors would like to thank all the staff of ED of Poursina Hospital, Rasht, Iran. General acknowledgement 4893756 Acknowledgments:Authors would like to thank all the staff of operating room in Shahid Madani Hospital. General acknowledgement 4608331 Acknowledgments:Authors would like to thank those patients who took part in this study. General acknowledgement 4608340 Acknowledgments:The authors are grateful to all the health personnel, data collectors, supervisors, administrative staff of the Emergency Department of Imam Reza Hospital, and patients participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4614618 Acknowledgments:We acknowledge all staffs of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614622 Acknowledgments:We acknowledge the entire staff of the emergency department and dialysis unit of Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. General acknowledgement 4744611 Acknowledgments:We are pleased to acknowledge from all staff of Imam Hossein Hospital for their contribution in the present study. General acknowledgement 4902213 Acknowledgments:We express our thanks to all staff at Rohani Hospital, Babol, Iran for their help and assistance in management of these cases. General acknowledgement 4614558 Acknowledgments:We thank the emergency department staff of Imam Hossein hospital for helping us in conducting this study. General acknowledgement 4614602 Acknowledgments:We would like to acknowledge all the staff of Emergency ward and laboratory unit of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4893755 Acknowledgments:We would like to acknowledge all the staff of Emergency ward of Imam Khomeini and Golestan Hospitals, Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 5585835 Acknowledgments:We would like to express our special thanks to Emergency and Neurology department staff of Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4608346 Acknowledgments:We would like to express our special thanks to Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital staff. General acknowledgement 4614568 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all staffs of ophthalmology departments of Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614575 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank all the emergency department staffs of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Sari, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614589 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank Mohammad Reza Sohrabi for his valuable helps. General acknowledgement 4614615 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank the Emergency Department staffs of Imam Hossein Hospital for helping us in conducting this study. General acknowledgement 4614579 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank the head of ED, evaluation leaders, the head nurse of the department. General acknowledgement 4614623 Acknowledgments:We would like to thanks from emergency ward staffs of Shohadaye Hafte Tir Hospital. General acknowledgement 4614619 Acknowledgments:We would like to thanks outpatient clinic staffs of Beheshti hospital for helping us. General acknowledgement 3916634 AcknowledgmentsA special thanks to all the women who participated in this study, and to any inconvenience it may have caused them. General acknowledgement 5325894 AcknowledgmentsHereby we would like to appreciate all those who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4396346 AcknowledgmentsI would like to acknowledge and thank Ms Yan-Yueh Lai, RN, a hospice nurse specialist (HNS), Dr Hung-Sheng Chen, MD, MHA, and Ms Meng-Chen Hsu, RN, HNS, who along with me, have built a competent HPC team that manages all the consultations for HPC to a KTGH, Taichung, Taiwan. General acknowledgement 5309907 AcknowledgmentsI would like to recognize and thank some special people who have provided me with a lot of support over the years to do what I believe in and have helped to shape my ideas. General acknowledgement 4293168 AcknowledgmentsI would like to thank all the subjects who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 3376344 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank their colleagues of the nursing staff of the Surgery Department (NHS), General University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece. General acknowledgement 6149904 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the participants for their cooperation in this study. General acknowledgement 4723030 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the patients and their families for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 4332373 Additionally, the authors owe thanks to the Department of Neuropathology at the Charité for cooperation. General acknowledgement 4462106 Also, we are grateful to all patients and healthy volunteers who donated blood to this study. General acknowledgement 6187921 Also, we would like to thank all the participants for their collaborations. General acknowledgement 6289157 Also, we would like to thank the staff of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran. General acknowledgement 5811159 AM acknowledges CSIR for SRF and BG acknowledges UGC for JRF. General acknowledgement 5471911 And finally, our deepest thanks to the study participants for their willingness to share this information with us. General acknowledgement 4756105 And most importantly, thanks to the amazing members of the PD Forward movement group in Winston-Salem, NC, USA. General acknowledgement 5504231 Authors thank Shivam Mittal, MD for collegial support. General acknowledgement 5325886 Authors would like to acknowledge all the emergency department staff of Imam Hossein and Shohadaye Tajrish Hospitals. General acknowledgement 5325884 Authors would like to acknowledge all the emergency department staff of Imam Hossein Hospital. General acknowledgement 5325887 Authors would like to acknowledge all the emergency department staff of Imam Reza Hospital. General acknowledgement 4556310 Authors’ contributionsAll the authors participated in the definition of the work. General acknowledgement 5165024 Finally, the authors are indebted to the patients and families who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6288231 Finally, we are grateful to the community of ALS patients and their caregivers, without whom this work would not be possible. General acknowledgement 4919321 Finally, we are particularly grateful to Maria Corrada-Bravo, Sc. General acknowledgement 4486833 Finally, we would like to thank the patients and their families for the contributions to this study. General acknowledgement 6141995 Further, we acknowledge members of our study groupâ€‿Minou Nadji-Ohl, Linda Stöckelmaier, Katrin Nickel, Sonja Grüninger, and Christoph Richterâ€‿for their tremendous support. General acknowledgement 4304534 Furthermore, we gratefully acknowledge the support of Anette Herlitzius and Ulrich Freisel of the Senior Service Office in Osnabrück, Germany. General acknowledgement 4820235 Furthermore, we thank all of the participants and research assistants who contributed to the study and the Mental Health research program of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research. General acknowledgement 4898457 Furthermore, we would like to thank the staff and volunteers at VANDU for coordinating this research project. General acknowledgement 3569116 I also thank Laura Pinheiro-Borges (BSc) for the unconditional support. General acknowledgement 5309907 I also want to thank my colleagues and the patients I have worked with in various professional positions, as well as the many others whom I have worked alongside in volunteer positions. General acknowledgement 5529999 I deeply appreciate my former and present coworkers, whose names appear in the reference section. General acknowledgement 3987356 I gratefully acknowledge all the experts who were involved in the Walking Egg Project since many years (Rudi Campo, Nathalie Dhont, Danie Franken, Trudie Gerrits, Carin Huyser, Geeta Nargund, Guido Pennings, Hassan Sallam, Frank Van Balen, Jonathan Van Blerkom, Sheryl Vanderpoel, Annie Vereecken, Koen Vanmechelen, and many others). General acknowledgement 4095562 I thank my family and friends. General acknowledgement 5309907 I thank them for their dedication, support, and friendship leading up to my year as President and continuing now in my presidency year. General acknowledgement 4352539 I wish to thank all the women who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5424464 I would like to particularly acknowledge the efforts of Dr Conor Scully, Dr Jen Hickey, Dr Chris White, Benjamin Chung, Dr Ryan Hili, Dr Vishal Rai, and Serge Zaretsky. General acknowledgement 5424464 I would like to thank the past and present members of my research group at the University of Toronto. General acknowledgement 1665448 ICDDR, B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of DfID to the Centre's research efforts. General acknowledgement 5301008 Importantly, the authors thank all the patients. General acknowledgement 6237912 In addition, a special thanks is owed to the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS) Center for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH) for their organizational assistance and to our dedicated research assistants and volunteers who devote their time to our research laboratory. General acknowledgement 6191482 In particular the authors would like to acknowledge Andreas Lutterotti, Christophe Henny, Daniela Wiest, Ludwig Schelosky, Natalia Vokatch, Patrice Lalive, Robert Bühler, Serge Roth, and Yvonne Spiess. General acknowledgement 5330312 JEB and KCG thank the MacDiarmid Institute for support. General acknowledgement 4202624 Jenny Sanders and Amy Saunders are gratefully acknowledged for their help with patient recruitment and therapy administration. General acknowledgement 5165260 J-PL and NN would like to thank the children, families, referring colleagues, and collaborators who made this work possible. General acknowledgement 4631411 Last but not least, we would like to thank all participants for their enthusiasm, kindness, and patience during our extensive training and testing interventions. General acknowledgement 3420521 Last she would like to thank her family and her friends for their moral support which worked as source of energy for her. General acknowledgement 4608293 Last, we are grateful to the LINKAGES project staff, particularly Kevin Osborne, for their support and facilitation of this event. General acknowledgement 3459184 Lastly, we are grateful to the patients and their families for their trust and participation in our studies. General acknowledgement 4020883 Lastly, we are indebted to the participants who devoted their time to this project. General acknowledgement 4608295 Lastly, we thank our participants for their time, input, and trust. General acknowledgement 1448174 Many people have contributed to this paper, and the Injury Prevention Research Centre (IPRC) is grateful for the support that was provided. General acknowledgement 5943566 Many thanks for the great help from the colleagues in the Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital. General acknowledgement 5811088 MEC and SF thank the Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza for support. General acknowledgement 3949547 Our appreciation is extended to the women who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4589674 Our sincere thanks are due to all participating athletes/teams. General acknowledgement 3009434 Our thanks go to the Manchester Conference delegates and workshop participants†: Iain Chambers, Paul Dark, Ian Geraghty, Chris Griffiths, Arun Gupta, Stephen Hopkins, Nicola Johnston, Andrew King, Andrew Levick, Richard Protheroe, Raphael Sacho, Martin Smith, Gareth Thomas, Christos Tolias, Pippa Tyrrell, Andy Vail, Elena Vescovo, Chris Whitehead. General acknowledgement 5093134 Over the years, EP has had many collaborators whom he wished to thank. General acknowledgement 5618341 OxymaPure from Luxembourg Bio Technologies is gratefully acknowledged. General acknowledgement 4982492 Paisan Thanyawinichkul and Amorn Nondasuta, Chiang Mai provincial health office, are heartily acknowledged for their support to the study. General acknowledgement 5641297 SJT acknowledges support of the National Institute for Health Research through the Dementias and Neurodegenerative Research Network, DeNDRoN. General acknowledgement 5457172 Special thanks also go to all subjects who participated in the present study. General acknowledgement 4293290 Special thanks go to all members of the Lanex Laboratory for academic support and mutual cooperation, in particular to friends Heitor Silveira, Thiago Guimarães, Paulo de Tarso, and José Vicente. General acknowledgement 5316842 Special thanks go to Amal Elfaitouri for her contributions in the lab. General acknowledgement 6220502 Special thanks go to the brave women in Tallinn and Ida-Viru county who agreed to be interviewed and provided invaluable information for this article. General acknowledgement 4608054 Special thanks to all the participants who generously gave their trust, time and stories. General acknowledgement 3596858 Special thanks to Fay Horak and OHSU’s Neurology Department for their support. General acknowledgement 6187922 Special thanks to the University of Arizona Genetics Core Laboratory and Dr Dennis Wylie of the University of Texas Center for Biomedical Research Support. General acknowledgement 5678566 Special thanks to Victor Alaníz, the Comandante Salvador Mendoza, and the trainers from the Police Academy. General acknowledgement 5932158 SS would like to acknowledge Innovative Young Biotechnologist Award (IYBA) from Department of Biotechnology. General acknowledgement 3987353 Thanks to the faculty and all participants. General acknowledgement 3384005 The assistance of Dr Val Smith and colleagues at the Bristol Eye Bank is gratefully acknowledged. General acknowledgement 5837982 The author acknowledges the members of the Balance Center at the Illinois Neurologic Institute: Cynthia Guede, APN, and Samantha Mueller, AuD who collaborated in the evaluation of these patients. General acknowledgement 6277889 The author thanks Celgene Corporation/Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, Teva Neuroscience (USA and Israel), and EMD Serono/Pfizer Inc. General acknowledgement 3340569 The author wishes to thank Edwin Robertson, Allison Harvey, Ronald Dahl, Els van der Helm, Bryce Mander, Stephanie Greer, Andrea Goldstein, Robert Stickgold, Ninad Gujar and for thoughtful insights. General acknowledgement 3987482 The author wishes to thank the co-investigators, colleagues, advisors, and research teams who supported these studies from the following institutions: Population Council, the Institute of African Studies at the University of Nairobi, International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Kenya Medical Research Institute-Kilifi, Kenya National AIDS Control Council, Kenya National AIDS/STI Control Programme, Coast Provincial Medical Office, and the Kenyatta National Hospital Ethics and Review Committee. General acknowledgement 4171997 The author would like to acknowledge all co-authors of the 1986 Nature paper (1). General acknowledgement 4977821 The author would like to thank all the participants in the study and heavenly father who guides along the right pathway. General acknowledgement 3884191 The authors acknowledge all of the nurses who took care of our patient. General acknowledgement 5980957 The authors acknowledge assistance from Narelle McGregor at the St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research μCT facility in Melbourne. General acknowledgement 5247457 The authors acknowledge Professor Georges Lamas (head of the ENT department of the Pitie Salpetriere hospital) for supporting our research. General acknowledgement 5790781 The authors also acknowledge the support of the NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (JT, TY). General acknowledgement 5732974 The authors also express their sincere appreciation to the study group participants Arnaud Messé, Habib Benali, Stéphane Lehéricy, and Richard Lévy from LIB (Laboratoire d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle, Inserm, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 678, Paris, France) and CENIR (Center for Neuroimaging Research, Paris, France). General acknowledgement 4639476 The authors also thank all the clinical investigators and study coordinators at the participating centers and all the patients who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5603969 The authors also thank all those who participated in a seminar on relational autonomy in October 2015 at King’s College London, which provided the intellectual impetus for this article. General acknowledgement 5637129 The authors also thank COSMIC Lab at Old Dominion University. General acknowledgement 5366847 The authors also thank Dra. General acknowledgement 5601955 The authors also thank Katarzyna Kulbacka-Ortiz and Ingrid Rignér for their support during this research. General acknowledgement 6232227 The authors also want to thank AK and then Chief Executive of Govt. General acknowledgement 5641297 The authors also wish to extend their gratitude to the TRACK-HD study participants and families. General acknowledgement 5247457 The authors also wish to thank the nurses Barbara Rault and Christine Amstrong for their involvement with patients. General acknowledgement 5044987 The authors appreciate all the participants who shared their experiences with us. General acknowledgement 5958945 The authors appreciate the participants in this study. General acknowledgement 1403796 The authors appreciate the willing participation of the patients who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 4557094 The authors are also grateful for the time and support of the Parkinson’s disease community. General acknowledgement 4777226 The authors are also grateful to all study participants for their participation in the study. General acknowledgement 1802748 The authors are also grateful to all study participants. General acknowledgement 3469214 The authors are also grateful to all the volunteers who made this work possible. General acknowledgement 5513809 The authors are also grateful to Daisy dos Reis and Flávio Romano of the facility for older adults and all researchers of the Research Group on Chronic-Degenerative Diseases of Mogi das Cruzes University (Grupo de Pesquisa em Doenças Crônico-Degenerativas da Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes–GEDCD/UMC) for their support. General acknowledgement 5192058 The authors are also grateful to the Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, and Research and Development Department, ABCi Team and Informatics, ABUHB, Wales, UK, for their continued support for research activities. General acknowledgement 4531028 The authors are also grateful to Timothy Dattels for his generous support. General acknowledgement 6250111 The authors are also very grateful to Tian-Jian Yu for his help and support. General acknowledgement 3293241 The authors are extremely grateful to colleagues Frank Tortella, Joe Long, and Richard Bauman for their assistance in making this project a reality. General acknowledgement 5413548 The authors are grateful to all of the participants who contributed to the current research. General acknowledgement 5835501 The authors are grateful to all patients for their willingness to participate in this study and thank all personnel involved in planning and conducting the Norwegian ParkWest study. General acknowledgement 2770997 The authors are grateful to all those who participated in the survey. General acknowledgement 5968755 The authors are grateful to CalMip (CNRS, Toulouse, France) for calculation facilities. General acknowledgement 4800316 The authors are grateful to Jessica Moore, Arnold Garcia and Dr Amy Moore. General acknowledgement 4251272 The authors are grateful to Marieke Taal for her administrative support. General acknowledgement 3686329 The authors are grateful to the informants and to health professionals who contributed to this study. General acknowledgement 5671475 The authors are grateful to the patient for participating in this case report. General acknowledgement 5933207 The authors are grateful to the patients for their participation. General acknowledgement 6066614 The authors are grateful to the patients, relatives and healthy controls for their participation. General acknowledgement 5650964 The authors are grateful to the PPPD patients and controls who kindly participated in the experiment. General acknowledgement 5965387 The authors are grateful to the recruited patients and their kin. General acknowledgement 5515822 The authors are indebted to the patients for their kind participation in our research. General acknowledgement 5670104 The authors express their profound appreciation to all the therapists at Hyogo College of Medicine, Kansai Rehabilitation Hospital, and Midorigaoka Hospital for their diligence and commitment to excellence during this study. General acknowledgement 6021513 The authors extend their sincere thanks to Sandra Aiello, RN, Linda Toelke, RN, and David Wingate, PharmD, who were all instrumental to the success of this project. General acknowledgement 5552678 The authors gratefully acknowledge all participants for their enduring collaboration and interest in this research. General acknowledgement 6276540 The authors gratefully acknowledge the expert assistance of Jim Buskirk, Sara Murphy, Constanza Pelusso, MD, Kathryn Marshall, PhD, Sean Wise, MD, and James Crawford, MD in subject recruitment and the conduct of the study. General acknowledgement 6062964 The authors gratefully acknowledge the generous contribution of the patients and their families. General acknowledgement 5359548 The authors gratefully thank all ALS patients who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 5896375 The authors thank Dr Daniel Holmes (NMR), and Professor Daniel Jones (mass spec). General acknowledgement 6024240 The authors thank imec for support. General acknowledgement 5694559 The authors thank our Parkinson’s disease patients for their valuable contribution to this study. General acknowledgement 5613110 The authors thank patients for their participation. General acknowledgement 5540957 The authors thank Pr. General acknowledgement 5557735 The authors thank Professor Heinz Reichmann and Professor Roy Freeman for their general support. General acknowledgement 5826245 The authors thank Rita Ng for her administrative support to this study. General acknowledgement 6114536 The authors thank study participants and our community collaborators for their contribution to this research. General acknowledgement 6139334 The authors thank Tanja Sutter for helping recruit the study participants and also thank the subjects who participated in this research. General acknowledgement 4477913 The authors thank the ALEX-MT Study Group. General acknowledgement 5785722 The authors thank the doctors, nurses, patients, and control subjects from the Departments of Neurology, the ICU, Respiratory Medicine and the Health Examination Center of their institution for their enthusiastic cooperation. General acknowledgement 6010554 The authors thank the entire treatment group at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. General acknowledgement 3540972 The authors thank the Executive Committee of the ENS for continuous support. General acknowledgement 6124481 The authors thank the neurologists, neurosurgeons, and radiologists in the SRICHS group of Chang-Gung Healthcare system for their support. General acknowledgement 6135048 The authors thank the participants of the study. General acknowledgement 6018529 The authors thank the patients for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 5334604 The authors thank the patients for the participation. General acknowledgement 3613844 The authors thank the patients who consented to participate in this study and the staff of the Department of Neurology, Chandigarh for their assistance. General acknowledgement 5662550 The authors thank the patients with muscular dystrophies and their parents who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6176265 The authors thank the Scottish Myotonic Dystrophy Consortium for support of this project. General acknowledgement 5329022 The authors thank the VISTA investigators and the data custodian for their help with this study. General acknowledgement 6127614 The authors thank the whole staff from the Neurology, Radiodiagnostic and Nuclear Medicine departments, the certified neurologist EEG, the University Hospital of Liège and the patient. General acknowledgement 6020251 The authors want to thank all participants who generously gave their time to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 6146085 The authors want to thank Associazione Famiglie SMA ONLUS for the support and all the children and parents for their participation to the study. General acknowledgement 6119712 The authors wish to acknowledge and thank all of the participants in this study. General acknowledgement 5844924 The authors wish to acknowledge and thank all the children who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6210740 The authors wish to acknowledge MD Laura Celis for providing assistance with the patients enrolled in the study. General acknowledgement 6210740 The authors wish to express their gratitude to all participants for their time and effort. General acknowledgement 5808199 The authors wish to thank members of the DoréLab and the the University of Florida Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease. General acknowledgement 6176265 The authors wish to thank the participants and their families for their co-operation with the study. General acknowledgement 5758544 The authors wish to thank the patients of the Neurology Clinicâ€‿Cattinara Hospital (Trieste) for being so generous with their time and efforts. General acknowledgement 5289977 The authors would also like to thank their research participants for volunteering their time and the Hulse Spinal Cord Injury Laboratory at the Shepherd Center for support of this study. General acknowledgement 6220045 The authors would like to acknowledge all patients participating to the study and the DRCI from Saint Etienne University Hospital. General acknowledgement 4346240 The authors would like to acknowledge Canadian Blood Services for the management and services of the Canadian Transplant Registry. General acknowledgement 5994794 The authors would like to acknowledge Dr Ing. General acknowledgement 5702208 The authors would like to acknowledge John Didlick, Hepatitis ACT. General acknowledgement 2387148 The authors would like to acknowledge other members of the research team involved in the original BBV-TRAQ development – Greg Rumbold, Nick Crofts, Aaron Stowe, Hilary Irwin, Jenny Kelsall and Sanja Pahoki. General acknowledgement 3771676 The authors would like to acknowledge the nongovernmental organization and the geriatric day hospital for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 1618833 The authors would like to acknowledge the participation of the agencies and organizations that were a part of this study. General acknowledgement 4688366 The authors would like to acknowledge the staff at Central West Pathology at Bathurst Base Hospital and the institutional staff at the University Exercise Physiology Laboratories Bathurst NSW for their assistance. General acknowledgement 5727075 The authors would like to especially thank the participants who voluntary enrolled in this study. General acknowledgement 4893920 The authors would like to thank Adam Tramonte and Jason Kamp, John Sullivan, Michael Gordon, and Ken Rushford for their support and assistance to conduct this study. General acknowledgement 5723143 The authors would like to thank all contributors to this research topic. General acknowledgement 5315726 The authors would like to thank all members of the field teams, including nurses and laboratory technicians in all study sites for their contribution to the study. General acknowledgement 6042261 The authors would like to thank all members of the NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde and the National Incident Management Teams for their contribution towards managing this incident. General acknowledgement 6237912 The authors would like to thank all OEF/OIF/OND Veterans for their service, and we are extremely grateful to those who agreed to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 5561012 The authors would like to thank all of our young participants willing to support this scientific investigation with the greatest of dedication. General acknowledgement 6289152 The authors would like to thank all of participants during the different stages of this study. General acknowledgement 3341955 The authors would like to thank all our volunteers for their blood donation. General acknowledgement 5117886 The authors would like to thank all study patients and investigators who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 5422873 The authors would like to thank all the MA users who participated in this study without any hesitation. General acknowledgement 6182054 The authors would like to thank all the participants for their time and energy dedicated to this study. General acknowledgement 6149315 The authors would like to thank all the participants of this study. General acknowledgement 6220083 The authors would like to thank all the participants who participated in the experiment. General acknowledgement 5139087 The authors would like to thank all the participants who voluntarily participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6289969 The authors would like to thank all the patients for their participation. General acknowledgement 4893920 The authors would like to thank Lacey Haas, Brynne Williams, and Matt Lanier in the Imaging Research Center. General acknowledgement 6070743 The authors would like to thank the GE Healthcare Life Sciences for supporting this work. General acknowledgement 5316528 The authors would like to thank the participant for his commitment and time devoted to this study. General acknowledgement 6196270 The authors would like to thank the patient and her family members for their cooperation and the Associazione Amici del Centro Dino Ferrari for its support. General acknowledgement 6249318 The authors would like to thank the patient and his family members for entrusting them with his care. General acknowledgement 5562676 The authors would like to thank the patient for participating in this case report. General acknowledgement 5511968 The authors would like to thank the patients affected by PD and their families for their involvement and altruism. General acknowledgement 6188117 The authors would like to thank the patients and families for participating in the study. General acknowledgement 5775514 The authors would like to thank the patients for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 5536213 The authors would like to thank the study participants for their participation and kind cooperation throughout the study. General acknowledgement 6137090 The authors would like to thank the study participants, JCDH staff, and UAB clinicians Hanne Harbison and Cyndi Poore for their contributions. General acknowledgement 4785138 The authors would like to thank the study volunteers who participated in the project. General acknowledgement 3554261 The authors would like to thank the support from the University of Caldas (Manizales, Colombia). General acknowledgement 5954618 The authors would like to thank the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign for their generous support. General acknowledgement 5932158 The Center for Informatics, Shiv Nadar University is also duly acknowledged. General acknowledgement 4424503 The CHILDNEPH investigators sincerely thank all research and administrative staff, paediatric nephrologists, patients, and families at all participating sites involved in this study. General acknowledgement 6090524 The CINES, Montpellier, France, and NSCC, Tianjin, China, are gratefully acknowledged for provision of generous amounts of CPU time. General acknowledgement 5418646 The Cluster of Excellence “Engineering of Advanced Materials‿ (EAM) at FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, and the Graduate School Molecular Science (GSMS) of FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg are gratefully acknowledged for their generous support. General acknowledgement 5892351 The early work performed by Kyle McHugh is acknowledged. General acknowledgement 5703754 The efforts of all emergency departments’ staff in data gathering and participating in other parts of the study are appreciated. General acknowledgement 5297923 The Electron Microscopy Service of the UPV is also acknowledged. General acknowledgement 5827050 The emergency department staff members of Imam Hossein Hospital are acknowledged for their effort and cooperation throughout the study. General acknowledgement 5790781 The MRC support to the Neuromuscular Translational Centre at UCL and the support of the Muscular Dystrophy Campaign to the Neuromuscular Centres at GOSH and UCLH is gratefully acknowledged. General acknowledgement 5861525 The PAPD and the Qing Lan Project are also gratefully acknowledged. General acknowledgement 3914022 The recruitment of patients by the staff of the glaucoma section is gratefully acknowledged. General acknowledgement 4316714 The recruitment of patients by the staff of the institute for the visually disabled is gratefully acknowledged. General acknowledgement 5966905 The University of Georgia is acknowledged for support of this research. General acknowledgement 5465266 There are too many people to acknowledge individually with one exception: we are very grateful to Ann Burgess who has done such valuable work in preparing this paper and has given such excellent help over so many years in the research reported here. General acknowledgement 5785722 They also thank all the statisticians and laboratory technicians. General acknowledgement 5472413 They also thank all the subjects who participated in this project. General acknowledgement 5788894 They also thank the C3M animal core facility, INSERM U1065, Université de Nice, France. General acknowledgement 5734235 They also thank the statistics, ethics, health economics, administrative, and library staff of the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein for their invaluable support. General acknowledgement 5581324 They are also grateful to the nursing staff of ICU of Heliodor Swiecicki Clinical Hospital of the Poznan University of Medical Sciences. General acknowledgement 5450375 They are very grateful to the patients who agreed to participate in this study. General acknowledgement 5868132 They thank Christin Köppen (Department of Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin) and Maik Stein (Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin) for support with ELISPOT, Anita Kaiser-Friedrich, Jessica Passon, Marina Schreiber, and Susanne Stark (Outpatient clinic, Department of Neurology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin) for patient’s care, Heike Israel-Willner for support in recruitment of HC. General acknowledgement 5868136 They would also like to thank the MPL team at JHU/APLâ€‿Matthew Johannes, Kapil Katyal, Matthew Para, John Roycroft, Charlie Schumanâ€‿as well as the physical and occupational therapists at WRNMMC. General acknowledgement 6210740 VM, SJ, and AVO wish to thank the BELSPO Prodex agency for supporting this work. General acknowledgement 6141995 We acknowledge all patients and caregivers for their study participation. General acknowledgement 4235071 We acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Open Access Publishing Fund of Tübingen University. General acknowledgement 3275792 We acknowledge the assistance of Marcel Prastawa, Bo Wang, Maria Etcheparre, Steve Pieper, Stephen Aylward, Sonja Pujol, and of the staff at the Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles. General acknowledgement 4751255 We acknowledge the continued research support at the UBC MRI Research Centre by Philips Healthcare. General acknowledgement 6191472 We acknowledge the generosity and kindness of our patients for participating in research on SBMA worldwide. General acknowledgement 5075646 We acknowledge to all members of the Meniere disease’s Consortium (MeDiC), a network of clinical and research centers contributing to the study of Meniere’s disease. General acknowledgement 6256248 We also acknowledge the support of the Core Biochemical Assay Laboratory at Cambridge University Hospitals. General acknowledgement 6156245 We also appreciate the laboratory work of EUROIMMUN, Lübeck, Germany. General acknowledgement 3093742 We also thank all of the associated principal investigators and collaborators who have helped insure the success of our research program. General acknowledgement 5971212 We also thank the MSc student cohorts 2012–2016 for taking part in the practical. General acknowledgement 5562182 We also wish to thank Otometrics for their help and support. General acknowledgement 5614934 We are also grateful to all Neurology clinic staff. General acknowledgement 5406394 We are grateful for the support by the National Medical Research Council, Singapore. General acknowledgement 6048242 We are grateful to all individuals who underwent MRIs in this study for their helpful cooperation. General acknowledgement 5622933 We are grateful to all of our colleagues and the staff at the study centers in Frankfurt, Greifswald, and Marburg for their assistance in conducting this study. General acknowledgement 3093742 We are grateful to our research participants whose dedicated, selfless, long-term commitment to the Vietnam Head Injury Study enabled us to carry out our research and change the way the United States military diagnoses and treats traumatic brain injury. General acknowledgement 6277492 We are grateful to the many people who have generously contributed to the biobank by donating their time, resources, and energy to participate in the study. General acknowledgement 5573443 We are grateful to the patient and her family for participating in this case report. General acknowledgement 5526228 We are grateful to the patient and his family for participating in this case report. General acknowledgement 6284006 We are grateful to the patient for its participation. General acknowledgement 6279913 We are grateful to the patient who was willing to share her medical data. General acknowledgement 6013746 We are grateful to the patients participating in this study and to our colleagues for their assistance in conducting this study. General acknowledgement 6018091 We are grateful to this child and his family for sharing tumor material and information, and thus contributing to the research efforts to understand and find cures for pediatric medulloblastoma. General acknowledgement 6117389 We are indebted to all the children and families participating in this study, most notably the Italian Association of Narcolepsy (AIN onlus) patients. General acknowledgement 4602136 We are indebted to our patients and their caregivers for generously supporting our study. General acknowledgement 5465266 We are very grateful for the help of many colleagues in the work reported here, extending back some 33 years! General acknowledgement 4751255 We are very grateful to the ice hockey teams, athletes, and volunteers who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6232772 We are very grateful to the study subjects and their families for their dedication. General acknowledgement 6104449 We cordially thank Golabchi, Miad, Barekat, and Emam Ali Welfare Organizations for collaborating in treatments of the participants. General acknowledgement 6116658 We gratefully acknowledge the generosity and kindness of our patients, their caregivers, and the healthy controls for participating in this research study. General acknowledgement 6256248 We gratefully acknowledge the participation of all our patient volunteers, and NIHR Cambridge BioResource volunteers, and we thank the NIHR Cambridge BioResource center and staff for their contribution. General acknowledgement 5389981 We sincerely thank the participants involved in the current investigation. General acknowledgement 6060238 We thank all neurologists and CDC investigators who contributed to this survey. General acknowledgement 6170644 We thank all of the patients who participated in SMART study. General acknowledgement 4648023 We thank all our patients who participated in this study for their consent and cooperation. General acknowledgement 4556026 We thank all patients who participated in the study. General acknowledgement 4138489 We thank all staff at Helsinki Sleep Clinic for helpful collaboration. General acknowledgement 5670107 We thank all the A-T patients and their families for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 4958907 We thank all the patients who participated in this study. General acknowledgement 6284006 We thank Associazione Amici del Centro Dino Ferrari for its support. General acknowledgement 3014566 We thank Magdalena Ó. General acknowledgement 5468801 We thank our funders and stroke teams based at the participating NHS Trusts. General acknowledgement 4585177 We thank our participants for their efforts. General acknowledgement 3368229 We thank Pr. General acknowledgement 4478394 We thank Quan-Hui Ha and Xi Chen for their superb expertise. General acknowledgement 6020775 We thank the attending physicians and critical care staff of the Neurological Department, General Hospital Hietzing with Neurological Center Rosenhuegel and Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, for their overall support of this project. General acknowledgement 6256248 We thank the National Institute for Health Research and NHS Blood and Transplant. General acknowledgement 5562679 We thank the Orthoptik teams of the Luzerner Kantonsspital and of the Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde, Inselspital, Bern, especially Beatrice Lang and Eveline Gentile, for their help and support. General acknowledgement 6146370 We thank the patient and his relatives for their active cooperation. General acknowledgement 5932381 We thank the patient’s family for their cooperation and informed consent concerning this manuscript. General acknowledgement 3327977 We thank the patients and their families for participating in this study. General acknowledgement 6252382 We thank the patients for their participation, and the study nurses Kerstin Schwenker and Liljana Milinovic for support during recruitment. General acknowledgement 4539552 We thank the patients for their participation. General acknowledgement 4677337 We thank the patients, their relatives, and the control participants for giving their time in this study. General acknowledgement 5884935 We thank the PREDICT-HD sites, the study participants, the National Research Roster for Huntington’s Disease Patients and Families, the Huntington’s Disease Society of America and the Huntington’s Study Group. General acknowledgement 6170644 We thank the Standard Medical Management in Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke in China (SMART) investigators and centers for their participation in this trial. General acknowledgement 6277492 We thank the UCL/RFH Biobank staff and the UK Primary Care Network for their contributions. General acknowledgement 5613174 We wish to thank all participants who have contributed their time and effort to this study. General acknowledgement 3244758 We wish to thank all the participants for their valuable contribution and nurses at the Reina Sofia University Hospital for their support and assistance with the study. General acknowledgement 4620693 We wish to thank all the patients who participated in this study and their treating physicians. General acknowledgement 5778119 We would also like to acknowledge the efforts of the members of the CIHR “NeuroCare‿ Team and the members of the Concussion Centre (Bloorview Research Institute), specifically Talia Dick, James Murphy, and Katherine Mah. General acknowledgement 5451499 We would also like to thank all the RAMCIP partners. General acknowledgement 6040600 We would also like to thank the COBRIT Investigators (listed below) without whom this work would not have been possible. General acknowledgement 3082766 We would also like to thank the Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and the DGIP of the Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa for their support. General acknowledgement 4245924 We would also like to thank the Epilepsy Center of Excellence for their support of this project. General acknowledgement 6240764 We would like to acknowledge all of the study participants and interviewers from the First Hospital of Jilin University. General acknowledgement 5882787 We would like to express our gratitude to our Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation colleagues Rosa Rios, RN, and secretary Sandra Falcon for their help in patient care and scheduling. General acknowledgement 5997827 We would like to thank all participants and the neurologists who helped recruiting participants. General acknowledgement 5614934 We would like to thank all participants especially the colleges in Imaging Department who so helpfully collaborated with us. General acknowledgement 5437852 We would like to thank all subjects who were collocated in this study for their cooperation. General acknowledgement 5559463 We would like to thank all the patients and their family who contributed their time for this research. General acknowledgement 3464423 We would like to thank David Spurlock and Chris Austelle who made this study possible. General acknowledgement 4751255 We would like to thank Linda Chandler for her support. General acknowledgement 6064946 We would like to thank the Neurology Department Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia for facilitating this research. General acknowledgement 6094978 We would like to thank the patients and families for their participation in this study. General acknowledgement 6018091 We would like to thank the whole healthcare team who provided excellent care of our patient. General acknowledgement 4245924 We would like to thank Valerie Woodard, Tanya Lassila, Scott Kuhn, Melissa Brown, and Sandra Griffin for their help and assistance. General acknowledgement 6050532 Access to the Jülich-Düsseldorf Biomolecular NMR Center is acknowledged. General acknowledgement 3668800 AcknowledgementThe authors acknowledge the help of Sylvain Terraz, Department of Radiology, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva, Switzerland. General acknowledgement 4614567 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of animal lab of Iran University of medical Sciences. General acknowledgement 5325913 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of emergency department staff of Imam Khomeini hospital, Sari, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614583 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of Medical Sciences and the staffs of the Emergency Department of Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614585 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of Medical Sciences and the staffs of the Emergency Department of Imam Hussein Hospital in Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614591 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of Medical Sciences and the staffs of the Emergency Department of Poursina Hospital in Rasht. General acknowledgement 4614601 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staff of the Emergency Department. General acknowledgement 4744609 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency and Pediatrics Department of Loghman Hakim Hospitals, Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614574 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Akdeniz University Hospital of Antalya, Turkey. General acknowledgement 4614592 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Alzahra and Kashani Esfehani Hospitals in isfahan, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614563 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Alzahra Hospital of Isfahan, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614600 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Al-Zahra Hospital. General acknowledgement 4608332 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Al-Zahra Hospitals, Isfahan, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614604 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Ayatollah Kashani and Alzahra hospitals, Esfahan, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614566 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Poursina Hospital of Rasht, Iran. General acknowledgement 4608350 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Shohadaye Haftome Tir Hospital, Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614608 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department of Sina Hospital of Tabriz, Iran. General acknowledgement 4608345 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of staffs of the Emergency Department. General acknowledgement 4614571 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of the staff in the emergency department of Bessat hospital in Tehran, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614599 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of the staff of Emergency Department of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. General acknowledgement 4614598 Acknowledgments:The authors appreciate the insightful cooperation of the staff of the Emergency Department of Alzahra Hospital. General acknowledgement 4614564 Acknowledgments:The following individuals are acknowledged for their support, encouragement and guidance. General acknowledgement 3257883 AcknowledgmentsRCMI-Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University; National Institutes of Health (NIH-NCRR G12RR13459, NIH-NIGMS T36GM095335, NIH-NIMHD 1P20MD002725-01, NIH-NCRR-P20RR016476, NIH-NCRR- P20RR016460), National Science Foundation (EPS-0903787, NSF-DBI-0958179, DBI-1062057), and US Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate (2007-ST-104-000007, 2009- ST-062-000014, 2009-ST-104-000021). General acknowledgement 4334088 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Barbara Anderson, PhD, from Baylor College of Medicine for her guidance and support. General acknowledgement 5498785 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank the older adults participating in this study as well as the authorities and staff of the South and North Delegations of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) of Mexico City for supporting this study, and the Thematic Investigations Network for Aging, Health and Social Development, CONACyT. General acknowledgement 5153288 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all participants who generously contributed to the research. General acknowledgement 5505157 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all the nursing homes and residents who generously shared their time and experience for the purposes of this project. General acknowledgement 4887055 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Krystyna Matysek, Director of the Rehabilitation and Care Centre (CRO), Lodz, Poland, for providing us the opportunity to perform this work. General acknowledgement 5708200 AcknowledgmentsWe thank professors Peirong Ding, Zhenhai Lu, Gong Chen and Liren Li for their generosity in providing study patients and offering insightful guidance for this study. General acknowledgement 3783541 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to acknowledge the Department of Internal Medicine for supporting this work. General acknowledgement 3615850 AcknowledgmentThe authors thank the Strategic Information and Communications R&D Promotion Programme of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications in Japan for supporting this research. General acknowledgement 5703747 AcknowledgmentThe authors wish to thank the faculty at MIMS and the Baby memorial hospitals in Calicut for providing opportunity to conduct this research. General acknowledgement 4860767 We wish to thank all the participants, staff and management of the Kwae Kii Winn Managed Alcohol Program for being so generous with their time and for the opportunity to experience first-hand an extraordinary and brave enterprise in compassionate care. General acknowledgement 1187911 We would also like to acknowledge the time given by NG and AS for free as part of their overseas summer studentship research apprenticeships at the University of Auckland, as part of their pharmacy degree at the University of Nottingham, England. General acknowledgement 4968686 We would like to acknowledge the Iran University of Medical Sciences for supporting this research. General acknowledgement 2553400 We would like to thank Dr Luechai Sringernyuang (Centre for Health Policy Studies, Mahidol University) and Ms Arattha Rangpueng (Ministry of Public Health, Thailand) for making this study possible. General acknowledgement 5696738 We would like to thank the study participants at Oslo prison, the manager of the health unit, Stein Holand, and the prison nurses working there. General acknowledgement 4069479 We would like to thank the technical personnel at the Institute of Neuroinformatics, ETH and UZH, Zürich, Switzerland, and at the laboratories of the Center for Applied Neurological Research, Fleni Institute, Buenos Aires, Argentina, who helped making this work possible. General acknowledgement 5874694 would like to acknowledge the Belgian American Educational Foundation (BAEF) as well as the Bourse d’Excellence Wallonie-Bruxelles (WBI World) for generous support. General acknowledgement 3640484 Acknowledgments/disclosureWelf Prager has acted as a consultant and lecturer for Allergan Inc, Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, and Galderma Pharma SA. General statement 6221175 Both Alison Hall and Johan Ordish are employees of the PHG Foundation, a health policy think tank, part of University of Cambridge. General statement 5437683 Donald MacPherson, formerly the drug policy coordinator for the City of Vancouver, is the director of the Canadian Drug Policy Coalition and the author of a number of articles on drug policy and co-author of: Raise Shit! General statement 4927657 Dr Horsfield declares a directorship of Xinapse Systems (imaging software). General statement 5437683 She is a drug policy researcher, community activist, and author of a number of books and articles on drug policy. General statement 3889826 The authors declare that CB, RB, KC, JL, WM, H-US, KT and SW are employees of Bayer Technology Services or Bayer HealthCare. General statement 5234098 The corresponding health authorities and the ethics committee (Hospital Central de la Defensa “Gómez Ulla‿. General statement 5968398 The Center is a collaboration between the Universities of Glasgow, Newcastle, and Birmingham. General statement 5885311 A programme of innovative research to halve the smoking prevalence in Aotearoa/New Zealand within a decade. General statement 5909332 A0010707671) on the Occigen supercomputer (CINES, Montpellier, France). General statement 5460345 Aadne Aasland (PhD), Senior researcher, Norwegian Institute for Urban and Regional Research (NIBR), Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Norway. General statement 3899448 AAI Deutschland GmbH & Co. General statement 5460345 Aasland’s main research interest is social developments in Russia and Eastern Europe. General statement 5683825 AcknowledgementGenetic polymorphism and its predictive role in chemotherapy of the metastatic colorectal cancer project acronym GEMIRCORE. General statement 6024205 XDB12010200), and the State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials in Jilin University (No. General statement 6167443 AB is a KUL post-doctoral fellow. General statement 4261963 ALC and PCS had CAPES Master and CAPES Doctoral Scholarships, respectively. General statement 3586101 All authors are present employees of AstraZeneca. General statement 6234832 And to the students, past and present, who are the river that runs through my life. General statement 5243847 AZ is a postdoctoral fellow of CONICET. General statement 4038777 Caitlin Gillis is a scholar of the Pasteur Paris University International Doctoral Program (PPUIDP) and received a stipend from the Institut Carnot Pasteur Maladies Infectieuses. General statement 5845110 Carlos Manlio Díaz-García present address: Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. General statement 6232301 The Enroll-HD is a CHDI Foundation Project. General statement 4557097 MK is a Senior Research Career Scientist in the VA. General statement 4023066 Xin-Fu Zhou is a visiting professor of Kunming Medical University. General statement 3275792 3D Slicer is a multi-platform, free and open source software package for visualization and medical image computing available from www.slicer.org. General statement 6176265 The Scottish Myotonic Dystrophy Consortium is a subgroup of the Scottish Muscle Network; Programme Manager Hugh Kennedy, Programme Support Officer Laura Craig. General statement 4360816 STA is a military service member (or employe of the U. S. Government). General statement 2685223 IVP is a holder of the worldwide patent (including PCT International Publication Number WO 2004/028536 A1) for the application of N-acetylcarnosine for the treatment of ophthalmic disorders, including cataracts. General statement 2685223 IVP is a pharmaceutical and nanotechnology development company with a direct practical focus on a clinical research in the fields of ophthalmology, research and development of innovative chemical entities, drug-delivery systems, and unique medical devices to target specific biomedical applications. General statement 4264599 The HABC Monitor is a copyrighted instrument by Drs Boustani, Galvin, and Callahan and the Indiana University School of Medicine. General statement 4895873 The KRESCENT New Investigator Award is a joint initiative of the Kidney Foundation of Canada, Canadian Institute of Health Research, and the Canadian Society of Nephrology. General statement 4349779 KRESCENT is a joint initiative of the Kidney Foundation of Canada, Canadian Institute of Health Research, and the Canadian Society of Nephrology. General statement 5469032 LL is a senior staff attorney at the Drug Policy Alliance focused on litigation, legislative drafting, and public education in support of harm reduction policies. General statement 4932706 Authors’ informationTing Lin, MPH, MS, is a PhD student of Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University and a Secretary General of Taiwan AIDS Foundation. General statement 4932706 Chang-Hsun Chen, MD, MS, is a Division Director of Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare. General statement 4932706 Pesus Chou, Dr. P. H., is a Professor of Community Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University. General statement 1779270 This manuscript is a position statement of the American Council on Science and Health. General statement 5237358 EL is a postdoctoral researcher in the School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. General statement 5237358 MCVH is a senior Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions fellow in the School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland, and is a clinical audit specialist of the Substance Misuse Programme in Irish College of General Practitioners, Dublin, Ireland. General statement 5146853 Authors’ informationER is a monitoring and evaluation officer at the National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, at the GFATM projects’ implementation unit, HIV project. General statement 5437683 About the authorsSusan Boyd, PhD, is a Distinguished Professor in the Faculty of Human and Social Development at the University of Victoria. General statement 5307648 CK is a behavior scientist with a background in quantitative research focused on environmental variables. General statement 5307648 LD is a project implementation manager who supported the GF-R4 activities in Yunnan province and other project activities for HIV-prevention and harm reduction. General statement 5994102 Dr Arvidsson is a full-time employee at ALK Nordic. General statement 5951166 Incorvaia is a scientific consultant for Stallergenes SrL. General statement 4991090 George is a voluntary scientific advisor for the Anaphylaxis Campaign; he has received lecture fees from the following commercial companies; Meda, Nestle-Nutrition, and Stallergenes. General statement 5385599 ML is a member of GINA Italy Initiative. General statement 3726302 Dr Weinberger is a VA HSR&D Senior Research Career Scientist (RCS 91-408). General statement 5360414 The author is on the speaker’s bureau and is a consultant for Celgene Corporation. General statement 4143598 G. A. Thompson is a paid consultant to Eisai Inc. General statement 4143598 J. Fan is a former employee of Eisai Inc. General statement 3586170 RC is an employee of Shire and holds Shire stocks, and JS is a statistical consultant on a 12-month contract with Shire. General statement 3751342 Tapentadol is a compound developed by Grünenthal GmbH. General statement 3608883 DisclosuresJames Ermer, MS, is a Shire employee and holds stock and/or stock options in Shire. General statement 3608883 Cynthia Richards, MD, is a Shire employee and holds stock and/or stock options in Shire. General statement 3608883 Kenneth Lasseter, MD, is a principal of Clinical Pharmacology of Miami, Inc. and does not hold stock and/or stock options in Shire. General statement 3608883 Jaideep Purkayastha, MS, is a Shire employee and holds stock and/or stock options in Shire. General statement 3608883 Mary Corcoran, MS, is a Shire employee and holds stock and/or stock options in Shire. General statement 3608883 Bree Harlin, BS, is a contractor for Shire employed through DOCS Global. General statement 3608883 Patrick Martin, MD, is a Shire employee and holds stock and/or stock options in Shire. General statement 3634979 Cristoforo Incorvaia is a scientific consultant for Stallergenes Italy. General statement 5645731 S. M. is a Qiu Shi Adjunct Professor at Zhejiang University. General statement 5607856 A. S. is a Wellcome DBT India Alliance Senior Fellow. General statement 5355827 JOJ is a Royal Society of Edinburgh/BP Trust Research Fellow. General statement 5897882 W. B. Y. is a scholar of “the 100 Talents Project” of CAS. General statement 5001687 Vanderbilt University is a member institution of the Life Sciences Collaborative Access Team at sector 21 of the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, IL. General statement 6100256 F. A. A. is a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award holder. General statement 5941270 G. J. L. B. is a Royal Society University Research Fellow and holds an ERC Starting Grant (TagIt). General statement 5666514 is a Ramon y Cajal research fellow (MINECO). General statement 5628403 Y. Zhao is a member of the FRQNT-funded Center for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures (CSACS) and the Centre québécois sur les matériaux fonctionnels (CQMF). General statement 5811156 F. R. is a Director of Research at Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique, Belgium. General statement 5857935 Q. W. is a fellow of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and a Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar. General statement 6103255 SMG is a Royal Society Research Fellow. General statement 5356027 PLB is a University of Queensland Vice-Chancellor’s Research Focused Fellow. General statement 4517480 GD is a Searle Scholar. General statement 6005271 JEML is a European Commission Marie SkÅ‚odowska-Curie Fellow. General statement 5494537 P. J. L. is a Royal Society University Research Fellow. General statement 5355948 L. U. is a postdoctoral fellow of the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek-Vlaanderen and also gratefully acknowledges the INPAC and Methusalem grants of KU Leuven. General statement 4396375 G. J. L. B. is a Royal Society University Research Fellow at the Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge and a Principal Investigador FCT at the Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa. General statement 5812343 S. P. N. is a Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award Holder. General statement 5949602 G. D. is a Searle Scholar and a Sloan Fellow. General statement 6253683 SSRL is a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences. General statement 5646260 D. W. J. is a Scialog Fellow of Research Corporation for Science Advancement (Award ID 20317). General statement 4786957 SPN is a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award holder. General statement 5510010 D. B. is a FNRS Research Director. General statement 5436598 The AIF is a member of the North Carolina Research Triangle Nanotechnology Network (RTNN), a site in the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI). General statement 6138237 E. N. S. J. is a CNPq Research Fellow. General statement 5424470 H. N. is a JSPS research fellow. General statement 6024242 LM is a member of the Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 6005007 G. J. L. B. is a Royal Society University Research Fellow and a FCT Investigator. General statement 5968518 R. R. K. is a Fellow of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. General statement 5431684 J. H. is a Marie Curie Fellow within the Nephrotools Project. General statement 5934698 This is a contribution from the Cambridge Center for Protein Misfolding Diseases. General statement 5207490 A. G. D. is a Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar and Arthur C. Cope Scholar. General statement 5674176 L. M. B. is a member of the scientific staff of CONICET. General statement 5201212 GD is a Searle Scholar and a sloan fellow. General statement 5868010 Justin P. Lomont is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Fellow of the Life Sciences Research Foundation. General statement 5625628 PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U. S. Department of Energy. General statement 5951196 J. S. F is a Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar (2012–2017). General statement 5968450 The MRL is a member of the NSF-funded Material Research Facilities Network (http://www.mrfn.org). General statement 5490426 NKS is a Dow Corning Assistant Professor and Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow. General statement 6018717 G. J. L. B. is a Royal Society University Research Fellow. General statement 5407271 FR is a director of research with FNRS (Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique), Belgium. General statement 4334080 P. Z. is a speaker for Medtronic Canada. General statement 4334080 M. C. R. is a speaker for Medtronic Canada and General statement 4536647 Tuttle is a consultant in the area of novel therapies for DKD for Amgen, Eli Lilly and Company, and Noxxon Pharmaceuticals. General statement 4755455 Delahanty is a consultant for JanaCare and has stock options in Omada Health and JanaCare. General statement 5687104 S. is a member of the American Gastroenterological Association Institute’s council section for Obesity, Metabolism, and Nutrition, an advisory board member for the Association for Bariatric Endoscopy, and vice president of The Obesity Society’s Bariatric Section. General statement 5001220 Dr. Goldman is a speaker’s bureau member for Novo Nordisk and Sanofi, a consultant to Becton Dickinson, and the academic preceptor for Drs. Oleck and Kassam. General statement 5001219 Hirsch is a consultant for Abbott Diabetes Care, Intarcia, and Roche Pharmaceuticals. General statement 3428614 The first author is a predoctoral researcher from the Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Hospital Universitario de la Princesa. General statement 2394572 R. A. Pearson is a Royal Society University Research Fellow. General statement 4402440 MV is a clinical researcher of the Research Fund Flanders (F. W. O.) FA is a senior clinical investigator of the Research Fund Flanders (F. W. O.). General statement 4402439 Dirk Timmerman is a senior clinical investigator of Scientific Research Fund (FWO) Flanders. General statement 4402444 D. Timmerman is a senior clinical investigator of Scientific Research Fund (FWO) Flanders. General statement 4402446 Dirk Timmerman is a Senior Clinical Investigator of the Research Foundation - Flanders (Belgium) (FWO). General statement 4498167 Gardasilâ„¢ is a trademark of Merck & Co. General statement 4498167 Cervarix® is a registered trademark of the GSK group of companies. General statement 5634381 CEMG is a Senior Investigator in National Institute for Health Research. General statement 5448692 A Suhrbier is a Principal Research Fellow of the NHMRC. General statement 3569157 BD is a NH&MRC Senior Research Fellow (#APP1002240). General statement 3734649 TNW, HR, and TET are MalariaGEN principal investigators and SMK is a MalariaGEN data fellow. General statement 5727491 WH is a PhD intern from Hunan Agricultural University in China working in the Li Laboratory. General statement 4032894 Ms. Archana Kulkarni is a Senior Research Fellow of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. General statement 4220146 Raquel Tarazona is a member of Inmunopatología Tumoral research group (CCV005). General statement 5387087 CZ is a veski innovation fellow. General statement 5911593 SUE is a Heisenberg Professor of the German Research Foundation (EI 866/4-1). General statement 5684100 AKS is a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator. General statement 5684100 DC is a Wellcome Trust Research Career Development Fellow (WT095767). General statement 4495344 SD is a Jenner Investigator, Lister Institute Research Prize Fellow, and a UK MRC Career Development Fellow . General statement 3880943 Wei Xu is a full-time employe of Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. in the Switzerland. General statement 5893838 MP is a clinician-scientist; President and Founder of the National Pediatric Neuroinflammation Organization, Inc., which is a Florida charitable organization and registered 501(c)(3) non-profit organization; a Professor of Neurology at the University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA; and an Adjoint Professor of Neurology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA; and certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, with special competence in child neurology. General statement 6220056 DB is a PhD fellow and ED a senior clinical investigator of the FWO. General statement 3413989 Eric Vivier is a scholar from the Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 4209863 Lisa S. Westerberg is a Ragnar Söderberg fellow in Medicine. General statement 4517377 CK is a member of the Excellence-Cluster ImmunoSensation. General statement 6196261 G. H. G. is a member of the Research Career of CONICET (Argentina). General statement 5572329 ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. General statement 4716577 PG is a Wellcome Trust Investigator (Grant WT104748MA). General statement 6220082 MT is a Jeanne and Jean-Louis Lévesque chair in Cancer Research. General statement 4429634 LB is a VA Senior Research Career Scientist. General statement 4731487 SM is a senior research fellow of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). General statement 5801405 Stand Up To Cancer is a program of the Entertainment Industry Foundation administered by the American Association for Cancer Research. General statement 3417165 Megan K. Levings is a Canada Research Chair in Transplantation. General statement 4556034 CK is a member of the Excellence-Cluster ImmunoSensation in Bonn. General statement 5183738 QS is a Jenner Institute Investigator and a James Martin Senior Research Fellow. General statement 3342017 Blossom Damania is a Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Scholar and Burroughs Wellcome Fund Investigator in Infectious Disease. General statement 4588696 MS is a FCT Associate Investigator. General statement 6291424 The DRFZ is a Leibniz Institute. General statement 6221943 CD is a PhD student at Ghent University and this work is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement forthe PhD. General statement 3913902 Martin Olivier is a member of the FQRNT network for the study of host–parasite interaction. General statement 6021485 CD is a Bayer Chair Professor at Tsinghua University. General statement 3366440 Alicia N. McMurchy is a Canada Vanier Scholar. General statement 3501723 Eric Vivier is a scholar of the Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 5858468 Institut Pasteur Korea is a member of the Institut Pasteur International Network (https://www.pasteur.fr/en/international-en, accessed January 26, 2018). General statement 4153297 Stanislas Goriely is a Research fellow from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS, Belgium). General statement 4026687 Eric Muraille is a Research Associate from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS), Belgium. General statement 5835309 DO is a scholar of the Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 5215313 Engerix is a trade mark of the GSK group of companies. General statement 3913911 John J. Miles is a NHMRC Career Development Fellow and Scott R. Burrows is a NHMRC Principal Fellow. General statement 3719040 Linda Wooldridge is a WT Clinical Intermediate Fellow (grant WT079848MA). General statement 5839160 CICC is a member of the UPMC flow-cytometry network (RECYF). General statement 3492658 Dario S. Zamboni is a Research Fellow from CNPq. General statement 3342250 Dr. Valerie Corrigall is a shareholder in Immune Regulation Ltd. General statement 3734366 Magdalena Plebanski is a Senior NHMRC Fellow. General statement 4321613 Mariana Aris is a Post-Doctoral fellow from the CONICET. General statement 3150116 Frederick W. Alt is a Howard Hughes Investigator. General statement 4241840 Elena Lo Presti is a student of the International Ph. D. Program in Immunopharmacology at the University of Palermo. General statement 4378302 MA is a Post-doctoral fellow from CONICET. General statement 5974048 HC is a research scholar of the Fonds de Recherche du Québec (FRQ) santé. General statement 3343264 José Mordoh is a member of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), María Laura Lacreu is a fellow of ANPCyT, and Florencia Paula Madorsky-Rowdo is a fellow of CONICET. General statement 3696884 David K. Cole is a Wellcome Trust Research Career Development Fellow (WT095767). General statement 6082924 E-SK is a PhD candidate at University of Helsinki, and this work is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the PhD degree. General statement 6030351 SG is a Monash Senior Research Fellow. General statement 4058636 Naglaa H. Shoukry is a chercheur boursier – senior of the FRQS. General statement 6068236 JD is a Canada Research Chair (Tier 1) awarded by the Canadian Institute for Health Research. General statement 5243854 LF-R is a member of the National System of Researchers, SNI-CONACYT. General statement 3913909 IMGT® is a registered trademark of CNRS. General statement 4505393 PG is a CNRS investigator. General statement 5936984 CCC, SC, and WMC are U. S. Government employees and EM is a military service member. General statement 4347494 MB is a member of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina. General statement 4347494 GP is a fellow from the same institution. General statement 3923157 Professor Miossec is a senior member of and supported by the Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 5243847 NZ is a member of the Researcher Career of CONICET and professor at UBA. General statement 6127274 CG is a fellow of Kom op tegen Kanker (Stand up to Cancer), the Flemish cancer society. General statement 5810270 SA is a DST (Department of Science and Technology, Govt. General statement 3539662 Blossom Damania is a Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Scholar and a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Investigator in Infectious Disease. General statement 3708155 Dennis O. Adeegbe is a research fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. General statement 3794362 P. Santamaria is a scientist of Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions and a scholar of the Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Carlos III. General statement 5402224 DL is a PNPD/CAPES postdoctoral fellow (PNPD20132071). General statement 5808352 MS is a PhD student of Faculty of Science, The University of South Bohemia, ÄŒeské BudÄ›jovice, Czech Republic. General statement 6023971 GTC is a UNC HIV Cure Center investigator. General statement 4214201 Nicolas Dauby is a research fellow and Arnaud Marchant is a senior research associate at the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (F. R. S.-FNRS) Belgium. General statement 4558533 DKD is a George Russell Chambers postdoctoral fellow. General statement 5788902 MPG is a fellow of Asociación de Amigos de la Universidad de Navarra (ADA). General statement 4038777 Friederike Jönsson is a chargé de recherche (Investigator) at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). General statement 5770634 CW is a member of the DFG Excellence Cluster ImmunoSensation. General statement 6233860 HS-F is a full-time employee of GSK. General statement 3891487 Mayo Clinic is a National Institutes of Health-designed Specialized Center of Research on Sex Differences. General statement 2614205 DS holds the Canada Research Chair in Mathematical Genomics and is a Fellow of the Evolutionary Biology Program of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. General statement 2684135 LTJD is a Canada Research Chair in Structural Biochemistry. General statement 3128751 D. P. C. is a Research Career Awardee from the Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), Argentina. General statement 5489952 Dirk Timmerman is a senior clinical investigator of Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO). General statement 5408044 S. Taylor is a NIHR senior investigator. General statement 3217146 BMV is a senior research fellow of the FWO. General statement 3229693 F. Visser is a part-time employee of Philips Healthcare, Best, the Netherlands. General statement 4778143 Ahmed Ba-Ssalamah is a lecturer from Bayer Healthcare, Siemens and Sanochemia. General statement 4778143 Wolfgang Schima is a lecturer for Siemens. General statement 4747985 M. R. B. is a member of the Liver Advisory Board for Bayer HealthCare, and is Principal Investigator, Investigator-Initiated Study, Bayer HealthCare. General statement 4747985 J. M. L. is a member of the Liver Advisory Board, is Principal Investigator, Investigator-Initiated Study, and has received honoraria for lectures and travel costs from Bayer HealthCare. General statement 4747985 C. B. S. is a member of the Liver Advisory Board and Speaker Bureau for Bayer HealthCare, and is Principal Investigator, Investigator-Initiated Study, Bayer HealthCare. General statement 4747985 Z. is a member of the Liver Advisory Board for Bayer HealthCare, and is Principal Investigator, Investigator-Initiated Study, Bayer HealthCare. General statement 4419189 Dr. Jairam has significant statistical expertise as she is a clinical epidemiologist. General statement 4778148 A. van Herwerden is a clinical research consultant for St. Jude Medical Inc., St. Paul, MN, USA. General statement 4529452 Johannes M. Froehlich: Author is a consultant of Guerbet contrast media company. General statement 3151396 Ernst Klotz is a principal scientist of the CT division of Siemens Healthcare Sector (Forchheim, Germany) which manufactured the CT equipment used in this study. General statement 3894454 Jonas Kubilius is a research assistant of the Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO). General statement 5221709 Dr. Thind is a Canada Research Chair in Health Services Research. General statement 3580134 Dr Silkoff is a former employee of AstraZeneca LP. General statement 4180909 Andrea Bacigalupo is a member of the speakers’ bureau for Sanofi-Genzyme. General statement 3647098 SDG is a shareholder of Therasolve NV, Diepenbeek, Belgium. General statement 5704144 Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. is a research center with federal government resources from CONACYT. General statement 5302404 NSW Department of Primary Industries is a partner organization in the Training Centre. General statement 3627016 Annette Stevenson is a consultant of Shire Development LLC. General statement 3586119 Hexal is a Sandoz company. General statement 3627011 Angel Lanas is a consultant to Bayer. General statement 3964293 Susan Smith is a former employee of Ipsen. General statement 3964293 Dr. Puthenpurackal (Revi) Mathew is a speaker for Genentech. General statement 3964293 Dr. Jay Cohen is a speaker or on the advisory board for Eli Lilly, NovoNordisk, Merck, Bristol Meyers Squibb/Astra Zeneca, Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingleheim, Corcept, Pfizer, and Genentech. General statement 3851698 Shire is a manufacturer of products that are used for the treatment of ADHD. General statement 3585902 A. Giuliano is on the Speaker’s Bureau of Merck and Co, Inc., and is a consultant to Merck and Co, Inc. General statement 3879822 Jamie Karagianis is a former employee of Eli Lilly and Company. General statement 5427047 DGE is a senior clinical researcher of the FWO (1800614N). General statement 3586102 Franklin K. Johnson is a former employee of Alpharma Pharmaceuticals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of King Pharmaceuticals Inc., which was acquired by Pfizer Inc. in March 2011, and owned stock in Alpharma Pharmaceuticals LLC. General statement 2683062 D. S. holds the Franc-ois-Karl Viau Chair in Pediatric Oncogenomics and is a scholar of the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec. General statement 3132216 The Muscle Tissue Culture Collection is a partner of EuroBioBank (http://www.eurobiobank.org) and TREAT-NMD (http://www.treat-nmd.eu). General statement 4233959 M. A. J. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow in Basic Biomedical Science. General statement 3995017 A. P. J. is a MRC Senior Clinical Fellow and Lister Institute for Preventative Medicine Prize Fellow. General statement 3151547 CeGen is a Technological Platform from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. General statement 3049153 G. R. is a member of CellNetworks – Cluster of Excellence (EXC81). General statement 4886406 KVR, PhD, DSc, is a leading researcher at the Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of UkraineOAM, PhD, is an Associate Professor of the Ivan Franko Zhytomyr State University of Ministry of Education of Ukraine. General statement 4886406 OEK is a PhD student of the G. S. Kostyuk Institute of Psychology of the National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of UkraineSYM, PhD, is a DSc student at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics. General statement 4886406 RVB, MD, PhD is a medical doctor in the Clinical Hospital ‘Pheophania’ of the State Affairs Department, researcher of the Inteferon Department of Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and National Representative of the European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (EPMA) in Ukraine. General statement 4886406 AOG is a deputy head of department of technology at Clinical Hospital ‘Pheophania’ and corresponding member of Ukrainian Academy of Informatics. General statement 4886406 KMD is a medical doctor at National Antarctic Scientific Center of Ministry of Education of Ukraine. General statement 4886406 OIM, PhD is a head of department at the National Scientific Center ‘Mykola Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology’ of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. General statement 4942926 EM is a post-graduate student and employee of GCU, Scotland, UK. General statement 4942926 She also is a member of the Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), from “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, Spain). General statement 4942926 EM (BSc Hons MCOptom) is a post-graduate student in Vision Sciences in the Department of Life Sciences at GCU, focusing on dry eye disease and inflammatory biomarkers. General statement 4942926 AES (PhD, biochemist) is a PI in the Ocular Surface Group at the IOBA, UVa (Valladolid, Spain). General statement 4716630 Mateusz Legut is a Cancer Research UK funded PhD student, David Cole is a Wellcome Trust Career Development Fellow and Andrew Sewell is a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator. General statement 5901501 Cecilia Catanesi is a researcher from CONICET (Argentina). General statement 4530646 EJLP is a postdoc of CONICET, and CIC is a researcher of CONICET. General statement 3459409 SLS is a CNPq research fellow. General statement 3036079 C. A. M. is a fellow researcher of CNPq. General statement 4186032 Q. D. is a former employee of the GlaxoSmithKline group of companies. General statement 3667946 HMcS is a Wellcome Trust Senior Clinical Research Fellow. General statement 3667946 AVSH is a Wellcome Trust Principal Fellow. General statement 3906276 H. M. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Clinical Research Fellow. General statement 4744959 G. P. is a Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education fellow. General statement 4823318 Aziz Karim is a former employee of Takeda and held stock options. General statement 3991826 S. A. Atkinson is a member of the Board of Trustees of the International Life Sciences Institute for North America. General statement 4473081 G. is a member of the advisory board on fluid intake of Danone Research and has been employed as a consultant for Danone Research. General statement 5602055 Aedín Cassidy is a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award Holder. General statement 3734594 He is a consultant, advises Scherring-Plough and received grants from Roche and Glaxo Smith-Kline. General statement 3734594 Dr. Abdo is a consultant, advises and is on the speaker’s bureau of Scherring-Plough, Glaxo Smith-Kline and Bristol-Myers Squibb. General statement 5675065 KK is a Professor at the School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand and a Senior Researcher at the MRC/Wits University Unit in Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research (Agincourt). General statement 5675065 RW is a Research Manager at the MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of Witwatersrand, South Africa. General statement 5675065 BS is a Regional Paediatrician in the District Clinical Specialist Team (Ehlanzeni District) in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. General statement 5675065 XGO is a Research Manager at the MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of Witwatersrand, South Africa, currently on sabbatical at Harvard University. General statement 5675065 PB is a Professor of Global Health and Director of the UmeÃ¥ Centre for Global Health Research at UmeÃ¥ University in Sweden, Honorary Professor at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK and Honorary Professor at the School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. General statement 2623305 DS is a scholar of the Fonds de Recherche en Santé du Québec (FRSQ). General statement 4168550 GEHIP is a Columbia University collaboration with the Ghana Health Service, funded by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation's Africa Health Initiative. General statement 4168567 The author (GM) is a staff member of the World Health Organization. General statement 3188593 M. H. L. is a Principal Research Fellow of the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia. General statement 5087619 C. Q. S. is member of the HBIGS Graduate School for Life Sciences at Heidelberg University, and J. W. is a member of the cluster of excellence CellNetworks. General statement 4940896 Dr M. Kashif Mughal is a University of Calgary, Eyes High Post-Doctoral Fellow. General statement 3878381 A. A. is a director of Heartbeet Ltd. General statement 4708625 S. H. is a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) David Phillips Fellow. General statement 4459714 A. S. is a fellow of Wellcome-DBT India Alliance. General statement 5541991 Dr Olena Rudyk is a British Heart Foundation Intermediate Basic Science Research Fellow. General statement 5064609 BLF is a scholar from FAPESP (no. 2014/21338‐2) and RAM is a fellow from CNPq. General statement 4231980 A. F. C. is a Howard Hughes International Scholar. General statement 4016756 J. C. Hoving is a Carnegie Corporation postdoctoral researcher at the University of Cape Town. General statement 2774477 AFC is a Howard Hughes International Scholar and an Australia Fellow of the NHMRC. General statement 2774474 R. M. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute International Scholar. General statement 6066359 R. is a consultant and shareholder of Cambridge Epigenetix. General statement 4133959 A. V. B. is a senior research associate at the FRS-FNRS (Belgium). General statement 3525946 Nicole Gallo-Payet is a past holder of the Canada Research Chair in Endocrinology of the Adrenal Gland. General statement 3525946 Marie-Odile Guimond is a postdoctoral fellowship in the laboratory of Nicole Gallo-Payet. General statement 3356130 R. R. Kapoor is a NIHR-BRC Clinical Research Associate. General statement 4754428 CS is a research fellow of CNPq. General statement 3356111 Regina P. Markus is a senior fellow of CNPq. General statement 4292737 Bart Staels is a member of the Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 6077364 JC is a Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) Scholar. General statement 3355985 Stefan N. Constantinescu is a Senior Research Associate of the F. N. R. S., Belgium. General statement 5960720 JR is a member of Cost Action 16119 CellFit. General statement 4037295 Dr. Julie Bakker is a senior research associate of the Belgian Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique. General statement 3510462 Heleen Verlinden is a postdoctoral research fellow of the FWO-Vlaanderen. General statement 4145579 Also, Juan I. Fernandino is a member of the scientific researchers at the CONICET. General statement 4608274 Ms. Campbell is a writer/blogger for the Internet sites Diabetes Self-Management and Diabetic Connect. General statement 4608269 Beebe is a partner in PEPNetwork, an online provider of patient and health care provider education programming. General statement 3846521 K. D. G. is a member of the board of directors for the National Postdoctoral Association (NPA). General statement 3433303 M. C. is a part-time staff physician at the William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital (GRECC Publication Number 2012-02). General statement 3433302 This is a publication of the UGA Science Education Research Group. General statement 4710405 K. D. G. is a member of the board of directors for the National Postdoctoral Association. General statement 3433298 This is a publication of both the University of Georgia Science Education Research Group and the EvoCI Toolkit Working Group at the NESCent. General statement 3795450 SJB is a Royal Society University Research Fellow. General statement 2500213 M. T. is a scholar of Takeda Science Foundation. General statement 4228195 Dianne Newbury is a Medical Research Council (MRC) Career Development Fellow and a Junior Research Fellow at St. John’s College, University of Oxford. General statement 4594761 D. A. P. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator. General statement 4586923 G. D. is a Marie-Curie COFUND postdoctoral fellow at the University of Liege. General statement 5555352 S. C. B. is a Visiting Scholar in the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute at the University of California, Berkeley. General statement 4206771 Christian Reich is a full-time employee of AstraZeneca PLC. General statement 4134476 Smith is a full-time employee of EMD Serono, Inc. and owns stock in Abbott Laboratories and AbbVie, Inc. General statement 4991301 TJW is a Royal Society University Research Fellow. General statement 5292101 GCPH is a partnership between NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow City Council, and the University of Glasgow, funded by the Scottish Government. General statement 5222928 Sarah Allen is a PhD student at the NIHR CLAHRC NWC which provided support in writing the paper. General statement 4544495 She is a co-inventor of several patents relating to quantitative light-induced fluorescence. General statement 6000253 Dave Sabey is a visionary leader and he has been an outstanding ISB board chair and a good friend. General statement 5861671 E. R. R. is a doctoral fellow of the Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU). General statement 4967996 MEB is a previous employee of GlaxoSmithKline. General statement 5301320 LS is a Japanese qualified anesthesiologist. General statement 5301320 MN is a Japanese board certified emergency and critical care physician. General statement 5139100 AC is a professor and the head of the Medical ICU of La Pitié Salpetrière Hospital Paris, France. General statement 1751072 RM is a Wellcome Trust and Health Research Board lecturer. General statement 2447552 DIRECT is a registered clinical trial ( NCT00138099). General statement 2447552 DC is a Research Chair of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. General statement 2374580 TVH is a research assistant at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. General statement 2717470 KW is a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Distinguished Scholar. General statement 2717470 JB is a Providence Health Care Research Institute Physician Scholar. General statement 2717470 TI is a Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Scholar. General statement 5348741 Dr B Duller is a consultant for Philips Healthcare. General statement 2689454 KRW is a Distinguished Scholar of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. General statement 420039 He is a Fellow of the Hastings Center in Garrison, New York. General statement 2688121 KRW is a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Distinguished Scholar. General statement 2206433 GMS is a full-time employee of Medimmune. General statement 1751004 MC is a Career Investigator of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. General statement 2374637 KRW is a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR) Distinguished Scholar. General statement 4422424 JJDW is a senior clinical investigator from the Research Foundation Flanders. General statement 5359923 LH is a member of the clinical advisory board of Maquet Critical Care Sweden. General statement 5473974 JP is a former employee of bioMérieux, and currently employed by Enterome Bioscience. General statement 4570589 CAPUCI II is a European Critical Care Research Network project endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. General statement 2447595 CSP is a Career Scientist of the Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. General statement 4521486 ELECSYS is a trademark of Roche. General statement 5477097 CA is a British Heart Foundation Senior Fellow. General statement 4232683 Harsha Gowda is a Wellcome Trust-DBT India Alliance Early Career Fellow. General statement 5669029 This facility is a member of the Proteored-ISCIII Platform (Plataforma en Red de Proteómica-Carlos III). General statement 5763528 RL is a Consultant Oncoplastic Breast Surgeon at the Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS and a National trainer in Breast reconstruction (Onco-plastics) for the Association of Breast Surgeons of Great Britain. General statement 6171006 Sanjoy Pal is a scientist who worked with HOPE durig the project. General statement 6171006 Jui Choudhuri is a research officer at Hope Initiative. General statement 4284387 Lt-NES® is a registered trademark of LIFE & BRAIN GmbH. General statement 5759930 EAR is a Herchel Smith Fellow. General statement 5759930 SB is a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator. General statement 3250245 M. D. is a Research Associate of the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique–Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (Belgium), and D. C. C. is an Alzheimer's Research UK Senior Research Fellow. General statement 5602898 D. H. is a Wellcome Trust Investigator (100320/Z/12/Z). General statement 6052250 ACW is a Bloodwise Visiting Fellow (15050). General statement 3265670 Veerle Matheeussen is a research assistant of the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (Belgium, FWO-Vlaanderen). General statement 2749020 JUH is a Studienstifung des Deutschen Volkes fellow. General statement 4978773 J. M. G. is a grantee of the Pediatric Oncology Student Training Award (# 15082537) from Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation. General statement 3162371 H. P. K. is a Markey Molecular Medicine Investigator. General statement 3640772 DSW is a Jules and Doris Stein RPB Professor. General statement 4698618 FA is a PhD student in Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology (University of Pavia, Italy). General statement 3994950 M. A. F. is a consultant for N-Gene Biotechnology. General statement 3526025 M. D. F. is a CIHR Banting Postdoctoral Fellow. General statement 3526025 G. R. S. is a Canada Research Chair in Metabolism and Obesity. General statement 3526025 R. C. A. is a Career Investigator of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario (CI-7408) and holds the Amgen Canada Research Chair in Nephrology. General statement 3046829 M. P. is a part-time employee of Novo Nordisk and owns employee shares in Novo Nordisk. General statement 3636615 L. H. is a British Heart Foundation Intermediate Fellow in Basic Science. General statement 2731535 K. P. B. is a Peter Doherty Fellow of the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) and J. E. C. is an NHMRC Practitioner Fellow. General statement 3717831 S. K. is a shareholder of Aspire Bariatrics. General statement 3237664 P. S. is a scientist of Alberta Innovates–Health Solutions (AIHS) and a JDRF scholar. General statement 4806656 Q. T. is the holder of the Cullen Chair in Molecular Medicine and is a Welch Research Scholar (L-AU0002) at the McGovern Medical School of The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. General statement 3501880 C. R. B. is a Career Development Fellow. General statement 3900546 S. K. M. is a minority shareholder of Cytoguide ApS (Aarhus, Denmark). General statement 2992784 J. L. W. B. is a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia, Senior Research Fellow. General statement 2992784 M. E. C. is a NHMRC Australia Fellow and a Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Scholar. General statement 3636620 B. S. is a member of the Institut Universitaire de France. General statement 3046838 M. A. L. is a board member of Eli Lilly and Co., Dr. Reddy's Pharmaceutical Company, and Novartis. General statement 3012173 F. B. is a member of the Early Onset Diabetes Study Group of the Italian Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology. General statement 3142081 A. K. C. is a Research Associate, and J.-M. General statement 3142081 V. is a Research Director of the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique. General statement 3379663 A. L. G. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow in Basic Biomedical Science (095101/Z/10/Z) and P. R. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator. General statement 3931395 C. M. L. is a Wellcome Trust Research Career Development Fellow (086596/Z/08/Z). General statement 3314358 A. M. S. is a British Heart Foundation Professor of Cardiology. General statement 3712062 T. O. is a founder, director, and equity holder in Orbsen Therapeutics Ltd. General statement 3046846 R. T. is a senior scholar of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. General statement 5361402 V. P. S. is a shareholder of Eli Lilly and Company and was an employee at the time of this study. General statement 5361402 A. D. C. is a consultant for Eli Lilly and Company. General statement 4806657 G. A. R. is a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award holder. General statement 4066339 M. H. is a Beeson Scholar of the American Federation for Aging Research. General statement 4542450 A. T. C. is a Damon Runyon Clinical Investigator. General statement 2750219 Thymoglobulin is a commercial product sold by Genzyme. General statement 2992775 A. F. S. is a member of Osteotrophin. General statement 2494672 B. M. has been and D. J. is a PhD fellow of FWO. General statement 2494672 C. G. is a postdoctoral fellow and C. M. is a senior clinical investigator of FWO, Belgium. General statement 2661595 C. T. is a Clinical Investigator of the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research, and D. W. Z. is a Scientist of the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (AHFMR). General statement 4338590 C. S. M. is a consultant for AstraZeneca. General statement 3781486 E. J. is a Medical Research Council (MRC) clinical training fellow. General statement 3012176 T. J. K. is a MSFHR senior scholar. General statement 3781483 D. L. R is a consultant for Sanofi. General statement 4113072 S. Z. is a U. S. government employee. General statement 2889768 J. R. B. D. is a Canada Research Chair in Heart Disease and Metabolism. General statement 3806610 L. is a member of the scientific advisory boards of Diamyd Medical AB, Probi AB, and Zealand Pharma A/S. General statement 3931392 D. E. is a New York Stem Cell Foundation–Robertson Investigator. General statement 3994961 S. is a John A. Biles Professor in Pharmaceutical Sciences. General statement 2889762 S. R. B. is a consultant for Thiakis, a subsidiary of Wyeth Pharmaceuticals. General statement 3046827 M. A. A. is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Diamyd Medical AB, the manufacturer of Diamyd, and of the Scientific Advisory Board of Tolerx, the manufacturer of Otelixizumab. General statement 3046827 He is a member of the medical education–based Advisory Board for GlaxoSmithKline, which also has an interest in Otelixizumab. General statement 3331746 I. D. G. is a consultant to XOMA (US), LLC. General statement 3012181 R. V. is a member of the Steering Committee of the DIPP study. General statement 3028350 S. D. P. is a H&S New Investigator. General statement 3806596 S. C. C. is a full-time employee of Merck. General statement 3806596 A. G. is a consultant for Roche. General statement 3806596 R. R. H. is a consultant to Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, Intarcia, Isis, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Roche, and Medtronics and is on advisory boards for Amgen, AstraZeneca, BMS, Gilead, Intarcia, Johnson & Johnson/Janssen, Eli Lilly, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, Daiichi Sankyo, and Elcelyx. General statement 2628614 A. J. K. is a Research Council UK Research Fellow. General statement 3121435 L. S. W. is a JDRF/Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow. General statement 2963524 My wife, Diane Fingar, is a superb researcher in her own right. General statement 5127248 M. A. A. is a co-inventor on a patent for the use of ATG+G-CSF for type 1 diabetes. General statement 4392933 A. D. C. is a consultant for Novo Nordisk. General statement 4955982 S. K. K. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. General statement 5556270 B. G. D. is a senior researcher from the F. R. S‐FNRS. General statement 2722247 SS is a graduate student of the European School of Molecular Medicine. General statement 3321182 D Araç is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Fellow of the Life Sciences Research Foundation. General statement 2094096 FC is a Rett Syndrome Research Foundation postdoctoral fellow. General statement 5062837 AC was responsible for statistical analyses and critically revised the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4761019 AC and RG were primarily responsible for conducting analyses of the data and writing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5329924 AD was responsible for the clinical tests (heat tolerance tests), drafted the manuscript and assisted with data analysis and interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2944967 ALA, NRS and TBH were responsible for the study concept and research design. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5027096 ALdOM and AG were responsible for the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5027096 ALdOM, FGZ, and AG were responsible for the tables. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4137916 All authors were responsible for acquisition of data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3586102 All authors were responsible for analysis and interpretation of data, conception, and writing of the manuscript, and decision to submit the manuscript for publication and approval of the final version. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3751224 All authors were responsible for review of the literature and extraction of references. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5741877 All data collection tools, including interview guides and information and consent forms, are also available upon request. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5052716 AMST, BSB, and JPB were responsible for urine sample collection and analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5693510 And all the authors were responsible for the survey and data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3586143 AstraZeneca was responsible for the design and conduct of the study, overall management, data collection and analysis, and interpretation of the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4351422 Author contributionsIG and JM were responsible for study design, interpretation of data after statistical analysis and manuscript writing; ZN was responsible for recruitment, clinical assessment and data collection; JL was responsible for the metabolite analysis, data interpretation and writing metabonomics sections; ZO contributed to data collection; DRM contributed to interpretation of immunological data; DW carried out statistical analysis; and SFP and ZD contributed to study design, Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5579508 Author contributionsLMT and KFC are the corresponding authors and were responsible for coordinating and editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4559758 Author ContributionsNNG was responsible for study design, analysis and interpretation of data and preparation of manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4269822 Author contributionsThe author(s) have made the following declarations about their contributions: Norimasa Miura conceived and designed the experiments; Yoshitaka Ishihara, Satoshi Tsuno, Taro Yamashita, and Yusuke Endo performed the experiments; Satoshi Tsuno and Norimasa Miura analyzed the data; Satoshi Tsuno contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools; Satoshi Kuwamoto contributed to the pathological diagnosis; and Satoshi Tsuno and Norimasa Miura wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4519582 Author contributionsTS was responsible for the design of the trial and acted as the responsible scientific study expert overseeing the entire trial. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5602044 Author contributionsXiao and Xu were responsible for the conception of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5902931 Author’s contributionsLTK conceptualized and wrote the article, and is responsible for its content. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6233599 Authors’ contributionsAAAZ, KZ, GBS, AAEM, ME, AAAR participated in study design, coordination, sample collection and were responsible for obtaining patients written consents. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5126807 Authors’ contributionsAEM was personally responsible for both the writing and revision of the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5683463 Authors’ contributionsAll authors were responsible for the structure of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5062837 Authors’ contributionsCG was responsible for the study design, study execution, oversight of data management, data analysis, data interpretation, and manuscript writing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5121967 Authors’ contributionsCV developed the Berlin Treatment Algorithm, was responsible for the study design, and wrote the text, excluding the sections on neuroimaging, neuroinflammation, and neuropsychology. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5683333 Authors’ contributionsEL was responsible for developing the research question, conducting background research, leading the design of the study, retrieving and managing the datasets, leading the statistical analysis, interpreting the results, and writing the initial draft of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5455203 Authors’ contributionsHQ, the corresponding author, was responsible for the concept, revision, and approval of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5329924 Authors’ contributionsIK conceived the idea for the case study, drafted the manuscript, and was responsible for data acquisition and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5664576 Authors’ contributionsJO has been responsible for this cohort from the beginning and has been participating in the planning, collection of the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5026777 Authors’ contributionsJV and RMK are both responsible for writing, revising, and submitting this letter. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5880007 Authors’ contributionsKA and YN conceived the idea and designed, were responsible for this cohort from the beginning and participated in the planning and collection of the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5448143 Authors’ contributionsKR, TaD, MQ, UM, JA, FF-V, AE, CS, and SW-C were responsible for conception of the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4966726 Authors’ contributionsKY conceived and designed this study, contributed to acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data, and was responsible for drafting, editing, and submission of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5472963 Authors’ contributionsMG and QA were responsible for the clinical management of the patient. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5360026 Authors’ contributionsNH and TS were responsible for conception and design of the review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5404337 Authors’ contributionsPM, CSPL and MBV were responsible for study concept and design. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5391608 Authors’ contributionsPS and MKi initiated the project and were responsible for coordination. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5301320 Authors’ contributionsRS was responsible for the conception of the letter and drafted and revised the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4991090 Authors’ contributionsRXF and GdT were both involved in the study design, application for ethics approval, data collection, data analysis and drafting of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5303230 Authors’ contributionsSK, PJN, and RJ created research design; SK conducted the interviews; and SK, PJN, and RJ analyzed data by determining the themes and the emerging themes on consent and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5139100 Authors’ contributionsSR and MS were responsible for conception and design of the review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5078935 Authors’ contributionsUB participated in the design of the study, measured meropenem concentrations by HPLC, was responsible for acquisition of data, performed the pharmacokinetic analysis and drafted the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5387317 Authors’ contributionsWRC and CR were responsible for preparing the initial draft, ensuring that comments from the other authors were incorporated appropriately, and finalizing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5114755 Authors’ contributionsWSL is the corresponding author and responsible for the concept, revision and approval of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5078934 Authors’ contributionsYS come up with the questions and XJ is responsible for the writing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5004261 Authors’ contributionsYTsuj was responsible for conception of the letter, and drafted and revised the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3898181 Bölükbaşı and Yeniyol were responsible for planning, conducting, and writing the text. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3862203 Bi was responsible for the conception, design, data acquisition, analysis, drafting and revising the article, and final approval of all versions of the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5842885 Both authors are responsible for the design and implementation of the study, as well as the writing and final content of the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4137916 CA was responsible for initial analysis of the data and interpretation of the data and drafted the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4137916 CA, AW, and WJ were responsible for coordination of the fieldwork. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4137916 CA, AW, RU, and DN were responsible for development of the protocol. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4245690 Chun-Guang Wang, Chun-Guang Yuan, Meng-Si Han, and Hong-Xing Li were responsible for writing the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4086009 Contributions of the authorsJan Bosteels was responsible for coordinating research and writing of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5220605 CS was responsible for laboratory matters and analysis, provided technical support, and revised the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5078935 CVK participated in the design of the study, including interpretation of results, and was responsible for acquisition of data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5414667 DÅ  was responsible for the design of the study, analysis of the results, discussion, preparation and finalization of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4513216 de Jonge was responsible for study design, statistical analysis, interpreting the findings, and writing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6215923 Donglian Chen, Ze-e Xu, and Lifeng Lu must be thanked for their dedicated work in telephone follow-up and dataset management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5062837 FJ and WB were responsible for study design, interpretation of results, and manuscript editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3898111 GD, YZ and XL were responsible for the study design. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4498167 GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA was provided the opportunity to review a preliminary version of this manuscript for factual accuracy but the authors are solely responsible for final content and interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4266769 Gramke was responsible for the study design. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5062837 IM was responsible for the conception, study design, study execution and oversight of data management, and critically revised the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3627014 Jannie Ausma was responsible for coordinating the study and was also involved in the conception, analysis, and interpretation of the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4488451 SRZ was the medical lead on the study and was responsible for medical analysis as well as review of all data, data analysis, and safety data interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2992689 Thanks also to Professor Finlay Macrae, at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, for constructive comments on the manuscript and to members of the working group on ethics at the HVP planning meeting for lively and helpful discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4283689 Thanks to Angela Marcantonio for assistance with the research ethics board submission, Laura Carr for assistance with data analysis and Ria Cagaanan for helping format the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1065028 Thanks to Dr Laura Hawryluck, Co-Editor of the medical ethics commentaries section of Critical Care, for her patient editing and insightful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867557 The authors are also thankful to Chotubhai Lallubhai Patel, Chairman, CharutarVidya Mandal, Vidya Nagar, Anand and Rajeev Kumar Jain, Principal, AD Patel Institute of Technology, New VallabhVidya Nagar for providing necessary infrastructure and dedicated lab space for research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3678443 The authors are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5347922 The authors are responsible for the research and conclusions reflected in this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5985563 The authors are solely responsible for the design of the study, the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, and the writing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4367875 The Office of Medical Science of the Guangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences) supervised the research including the study design, protocol, ethics issues, data collection, case report forms and drug side effects. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6267391 TO, BL, CL, and MR designed the study; MR, CM, TO, BL, CB, EW, and EM collected the data; CB and EC analyzed the data; and CB, EC, GO, and TO were responsible for writing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6073514 ACKNOWLEGEMENTPermission was granted by the parents of the patient in this article for their names and quotes to be published. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4960738 BDLM designed the analysis, wrote and edited the manuscript, and obtained the funding for this research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5684277 Editorial support was provided by Sophie Rushton-Smith, PhD (MedLink Healthcare Communications Limited) and was funded by the authors. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5939607 The computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5490054 We thank Brian Stevens (Florey Institute) for technical assistance, the X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy beamlines (Australian Synchrotron), and the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center funded by the US National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources for providing several strains. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4983704 We thank Daniel Reich, MD, PhD for granting access to qMRI analysis pipeline developed at the Translational Neuroimaging Unit of NINDS, Brandon Loughridge for performing some of the MSFC measures, Ava Ganik for help with analysis of DTI data, Rosalind Hayden, RN and Jenifer Dwyer, RN for regulatory support and research coordination, Anne Mayfield for patient scheduling, Alan Koretsky, PhD for helpful discussions regarding qMRI outcomes, and Muktha Natrajan, MPH for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5427533 ZM developed the revised protocol and supported analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6126587 : I thank discussions with my lab group, Lance Waller and Sherry Edwards, and comments on a late draft by Linda Boland. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5815661 : I thank Jacobo Sitt and Philippe Ciuciu for contributing Matlab code. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5830682 : Mikhail Voloshin implemented a first Cyberslug version in this lab in 1999, programming in C++ and using a perceptron learning mechanism. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5771681 : We thank Dipti Kelkar and Uma Sarwadnya for excellent laboratory assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5490255 : We thank Hanna Schnell for help with the experiments and members of the Galizia lab for comments on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5707795 : We thank Ken Sugino for providing access to raw CEL files for Purkinje and TH+ cells from locus coeruleus, Chee Yeun Chung for providing access to raw CEL files for dopaminergic cells, Dean Attali for providing insight on the usage of the Shiny platform, the Pavlidis lab for their inputs to the project during its development, and Rosemary McCloskey for aid in editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5666324 : We thank Leonie de Visser for advice on the rodent Iowa Gambling Task, Jan den Blaauwen for his support with the Western blottings, Nienke Derks for sharing data on corticosterone levels, Henk Spierenburg for helping with the radioimmunoassay, and Louk Vanderschueren and Peter Hesseling for enabling the c-fos labeling. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5348542 : We thank Marc Freeman, Tzumin Lee, Yuh Nung Jan, Akiko Satoh, the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank at the university of Iowa, the Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center at Indiana University, the Vienne Drosophila Resource Center, and the Drosophila stock center at National Institute of Genetics of Japan for providing reagents and flies strains. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5325878 :Authors would like to acknowledge all medical staff who gathered the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6036534 :Hereby, the authors thank all the staff of medical profile archiving units of the studied hospitals for their cooperation in retrieving the clinical profiles of the patients. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3430093 A Grieger for the statistical evaluation of the data, and all the volunteers who made this investigation possible. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6110153 A sincere thank you to Philip Robinson for his diligent proofreading of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5007911 Acknowledgement:The authors wish to thank the staff of Emergency Department of Imam Hossein and Shohadaye Tajrish Hospitals for their valuable contribution in data gathering. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5405620 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe would like to thank the Celgene Medicinal Chemistry department for providing the test article used in these studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6185925 AcknowledgementThe authors thank Professor Osama Ashour for helping in revision of the English grammar of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5172572 AcknowledgementThe authors thank wouter Houthoofd (XPE Pharma & Science, Belgium c/o AstraZeneca) for publication management, and Bram Blomme and Claire Verbelen (XPE pharma & science, Belgium) for drafting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4352408 AcknowledgementThe authors wish to thank the University of Arizona Meat Science Laboratory, West Valley Meat Processing, Buckeye, Phoenix and Hatfield Quality Meat, Pennsylvania for their continued willingness to supply porcine eyes. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5325909 AcknowledgmentMany thanks to colleagues for their assistance and consultation in designing the questionnaire. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2695173 Acknowledgments and disclosureThe authors would like to acknowledge Juancho Libiran, MD, Rebecca Perez, MD, Stephen Hanff, MD, and Silvina Levis, MD, for their assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4614588 Acknowledgments:We would like to thank the patient's permission to use photos. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3410679 AcknowledgmentsA special thank goes to Turgut Gülay, research assistant at the Institute of Biomechanics, for the assistance during the voluntary step execution test. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5557100 AcknowledgmentsMany thanks to Professor Lennart Minthon for facilitating the research environment at the Memory Clinic and professor Olle Ekberg for his research support and radiological skills at the Diagnostic Centre of Imaging and Functional Medicine. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5448695 AcknowledgmentsMarleen Michels participated in the database search. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4777226 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank colleagues in the Department of Laboratory Medicine, the PLA General Hospital, for help with NT-proBNP measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5477018 All authors thank Mr Matthew Browe for conducting microbreakthrough experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3770980 Also we thank the staff at the Major Analytical Instrumentation Center (MAIC) at UF for their help with the compliance experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6176265 Authors are also grateful to Tracey Hopkins, Rosemary Woodward, Evonne McLennan, Caroline Crosbie, Laura Dymock, Fiona Savage, Patricia Clarkin, and Margaret Hay of the Glasgow Clinical Research Imaging Facility, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, who undertook MRI imaging. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5936983 Authors thank Susanne Bierschenk for help with the phagocytosis experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6050534 Authors thank Xing Lu for his kind help on XRD measurement, Lei Zhang and Keyu Zheng for sharing a lab. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3639017 Authors would also like to thank Felix Fischer for participating in the graph preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5059924 Authors’ contributionsGLB, DAS, DOS collected patient data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5968518 Barry Rand and Tae-Wook Koh are gratefully acknowledged for assisting with measurement of LED emission spectra. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4589674 EF-C collected the data (hockey) with assistance from Emily Slater (football), which is gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5564856 Finally, we are grateful to Dr Adeera Levin for her advice on the development of this work and the preparation of this report. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5676521 Finally, we are thankful to Dr Sean Cahill and Edward Nieves (Albert Einstein College of Medicine) for their assistance in NMR and MS analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5961444 Finally, we sincerely thank the referees for her/his critical reading of our manuscript, which helped to significantly improve our manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5137930 Furthermore, we thank Lina Gorenc, Nadja Urbanowitsch, Sabrina Navratil and Petra Wetzel for assessment of MMSEs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3686245 Furthermore, we thank the clinical pharmacists (S Deryckere and S Mertens) for their evaluation of the recommendations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3987469 I would like to thank Dr Nathalie Dhont for the critical revision of this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3791471 I would like to thank Professor Julian Dyson for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3819596 In addition, we would like to acknowledge the Neurosurgery Residents at the University of Louisville Hospital for providing the clinical assessments reported in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4013462 Inger StÃ¥hl Myllyaho is acknowledged for excellent laboratory assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6237125 JFH would like to acknowledge valuable advice from Dr Graham Moad (CSIRO), and Professors San Thang and Tanja Junkers (Monash University). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6011207 Johnson Matthey are thanked for generous donation of PdCl2. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4064553 Jytte Grännsjö is also acknowledged for preparing the histology. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6281828 Lastly, we would like to thank the staff and students of the Monash University Sleep and Circadian Medicine Laboratory for their assistance in the running of in-laboratory circadian assessments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6020752 Laurence Stanley is thanked for experimental assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4069720 Linköping University and Linköping University Hospital local funds are acknowledged for financial support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5496384 Ms Huan Wang is thanked for her contribution to the cytotoxicity experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4608158 Ms Mandy Li is thanked for her assistance in data management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4957944 Our thanks to Lani Castaner for her assistance with all aspects of this study, particularly for her oversight of the care of the dogs and with the performance of the various procedures that the dogs had to undergo. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6024246 PDJ would like to thank the EPSRC National Service for Computational Chemistry Software (NSCCS) at Imperial College London for the use of their computing facility. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5641296 Special thanks to Harold Burton for his critical reading of this manuscript and the encouragement and facilities of Qin Liu. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6104449 Special thanks to Milad Farmed Company and Zist Takhmir Company for providing probiotics. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4144928 Special thanks to Ms Ka Yan Kwok, Mr Henri Chan, Ms Kimmy Ma, Ms Dennise Tsang, Mr Kenneth Liang, Ms Chi Wah Lau, Mr Glen Joe, Ms Karen Cheung, and Ms Chak Ho Yee for their kind support and assistance during health assessments, subject recruitment, and the walking sessions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5914291 Technical support at CLS@APS (Sector 20, APS) facilities from Dr Robert Gordon and Dr Zou Finfrock is acknowledged and greatly appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5914291 Technical support at SXRMB facilities (CLS) from Dr Yongfeng Hu and Dr Qunfeng Xiao is also acknowledged and greatly appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5022660 Technical support from Brenda Lannard in conducting this research is greatly appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5942399 Thanks also go to Xue Qin (Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University) for providing patient’s serum AFP assay results. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5572329 Thanks also to Carol Marty and David Chambliss for their logistic laboratory support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6135916 The author thanks Eefje van der Kaaden and Sigrún Víkingsdóttir for their contributions in preparing Figures 1, 3, respectively. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5559443 The author would like to thank Gerd Magdowski (Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University) for contributions in scanning electron microscopy analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5916972 The author would like to thank Gloria Vergara-Diaz for her feedback that helped improve the current manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4699473 The author would like to thank Jenny Grice for drafting the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4073421 The authors also acknowledge that the imposed word limit requirements precluded inclusion of other mechanistically supported Phase I/II trials in MS that provided equally informative knowledge about MS disease process. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6280900 The authors also thank Ana Celly Souza dos Santos (in memoriam) for assistance in laboratory analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5424495 The authors also thank Dr Simon Thorpe for the time and help with the MALDI experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4033605 The authors also thank Melissa Mercado for assistance with the QRT-PCR experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4971287 The authors also want to thank Farmaka AS for providing data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6166234 The authors are also grateful to Fernando Coloma for the XPS measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5483848 The authors are also grateful to Laura Santagostini for providing the DOPA enantiopure probes. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6215924 The authors are also thankful to the staff and management of Department of Gerontology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China, for providing the necessary facilities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5339282 The authors are grateful to all the colleagues from neonatal and pediatric units who struggle with them in the attempt to understand the molecular bases of neonatal infections. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3763380 The authors are grateful to Brenda Hartman (NIH/VRC) for expert assistance with graphics. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5903420 The authors are grateful to Dr Ejaz Ahmed for his help with preparing the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4596329 The authors are grateful to Dr Martha Hawes for her helpful advices. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4086009 The authors are grateful to Jens De Groot from the Biomedical Library Campus Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven for his valuable help in the literature search. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5714853 The authors are grateful to Jo Ann Cahn for her careful reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5985375 The authors are grateful to Matteo Castelli and Nicasio Mancini (Vita-Salute San Raffaele University) for kindly sharing the coordinates of their E1E2 model, as well as Holly Freedman and Michael Houghton (University of Alberta) for providing a figure representing their E1E2 model. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5934738 The authors are grateful to the KAUST Supercomputing Laboratory (KSL) for the resources provided. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6109691 The authors are grateful to the patients who gave their consent for this study and to Pr Yamamoto for authorizing us to use of nrf2−/− mice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5715197 The authors are grateful to Wade Smith, MD for providing clarification of their study data related to Reference (11). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6275232 The authors are thankful to Andrei Khomenko (MD), Dobri Baldaranov (MD), Jenni Rösl (MD) and Ohnmar Hsam (MD) for sustained treatment of patients, and to Ines Kobor (MS) for assistance in maintenance of the database. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5776100 The authors express their appreciation to Doctor Sangma Xie in Hangzhou Dianzi University for assistance with optimizing scan parameters. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4868962 The authors gratefully acknowledge Barbara Toson for her statistical advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5301008 The authors thank all the members of JY’s laboratory for advice and critical reading of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5736544 The authors thank David Brenner for imposing the clinical data of the ALS cases in Ulm. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6211305 The authors thank Dr Bayu Anggileo Pramesona for proofreading this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6009520 The authors thank Dr Daniela Morales, X-Ray Diffraction Lab at University of Connecticut Institute of Materials Science for support with PXRD measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5818088 The authors thank Dr Jeff Zaltzman and Mrs Holly Fan who helped disseminating the survey to Canadian Society of Transplantation (CST) members. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4540405 The authors thank Dr Joseph Ziller and Dr John Greaves, Department of Chemistry, UC Irvine, for their assistance with X-ray and mass spectrometric analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4451876 The authors thank Dr Loredana Lupica for her contribution to clinical protocol writing for approving by the Ethical Committee of Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital and Rosetta Lettieri for assisting manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5496002 The authors thank Dr Takao Sakata (Osaka University) for his support with TEM measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6001248 The authors thank Dr Wei Li for the help in taking SEM images. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5718156 The authors thank Guanglan Di for the English revision of the text. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4557094 The authors thank Hassan Abdar and Jay Rao for their work to develop the cycle and the controller. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5431013 The authors thank Jacqueline Fagard for assistance with data interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5867304 The authors thank Khalil Ramadi for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4462100 The authors thank Lena Ek for designing the questionnaires, and Anneli Granat for skillful patient care. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4553897 The authors thank Marilin Ivask for her assistance in functional analyses of gene expression. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5956951 The authors thank Mrs Elisabeth Stabler for language revision. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5868573 The authors thank Mrs Marina Moore for proofreading this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3674401 The authors thank nurse Pia Breum Ferdinand, who assisted with recruitment and sampling. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5807684 The authors thank Olivier Christophe for FX measurement. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5534446 The authors thank Pei Zhang and Du Anna from The Core Facility and Technical Support, Wuhan Institute of Virology, for their help with producing TEM micrographs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6176265 The authors thank Professor Hanns Lochmuller for valued input regarding selection of outcome measures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5477011 The authors thank Professor Rino Esposito for his help with the HOESY experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5919976 The authors thank Quentin Ayoul-Guilmard for critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4226391 The authors thank Régine Baudet (LVMH Recherche) for the production of the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5382205 The authors thank Sandra Pfluegl, Ulrike Stadler, Helene Niebling, Susanne Staudinger, Jarmila Gerxhaliu-Holan, and Jan Brauner for their assistance in administering rTMS and data management. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5722790 The authors thank senior research librarian Debbie Booth for performing the literature search. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3359579 The authors thank Sirtris, a GSK Company, for kindly providing the SRT501 compound for these studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3004662 The authors thank Sonya Sakowsky and Allison Crase for their assistance with the clinical trial. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5610719 The authors thank Souraya Sibaei for her help in preparing the manuscript and Diane Schad for excellent graphics work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4928594 The authors thank Stefanie Klausmann for scoring the lungs macroscopically, the animal care takers for handling the animals, and the biosafety team for support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5628588 The authors thank Stephen Lohr for the preparation of MoVOx. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5468397 The authors thank the “Parkinson Vereniging‿ for their support in the recruitment of participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5892309 The authors thank the Analytical and Testing Center of HUST and the Center of Micro-Fabrication and Characterization of WNLO for the measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4086005 The authors thank the Ariosa Diagnostics team for the excellent service and NIPT analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2901109 The authors thank the imaging core facility at their institution for taking the pictures of the immunofluorescently stained cells. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5736533 The authors thank the Medical Research Collaborating Center at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital for statistical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5244395 The authors thank the NIH Tetramer Core Facility provided human CD1-tetramer for identification of human iNKT cells via flow cytometry. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5334286 The authors thank Tina Folker for help with preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5519519 The authors want to thank all the participating hospitals for providing data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4761840 The authors would like to acknowledge and thank Esther Lachance, Ryan Duncan, Martha Hessler, Rich Nagel, and Marie McNeely for their help testing participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6008588 The authors would like to acknowledge Sarah Skraba-Joiner for her tutelage in learning transition state modeling, along with her advisor Richard Johnson for invaluable input. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5532726 The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Science and Technology at The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital at Xuzhou Medical College in China for help in patient enrollment, physician training, and coordination. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4947963 The authors would like to thank Alin Rasina, MD, PhD, for his contribution to the surgical procedures, and to Alexandru Rusu, MD student. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5809403 The authors would like to thank all the participants and Fengze Sui and Yumou Du for doing part of experiments and collecting data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4541555 The authors would like to thank all the participants for their participation, and Manal Badrasawi for her assistance in sorting the data from Kuala Lumpur Aging Study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5879441 The authors would like to thank Imanol Martínez for his kind revision of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5510289 The authors would like to thank Kathrin Braun for preparing all the primary sensory neuron cultures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5926540 The authors would like to thank Lara Brandão MD, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil for his assistance of the figures and thank Guiquan Shen for help in writing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5378784 The authors would like to thank Matthias Bauer from the Horst-Görtz-Institute for Theory, History, and Ethics of Chinese Life Sciences, Berlin, Germany, and Hermann Oldelehr for their thorough search in the ancient texts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5848823 The Centre for Nanotechnology, CIF, and Department of Chemistry, IIT Guwahati are acknowledged for instrument facilities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5654245 The Centro de Supercomputación de Galicia (CESGA) is acknowledged for computational resources. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5602369 The Centro de Supercomputación de Galicia (CESGA, Spain) is acknowledged for the use of its resources. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5977933 The EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Facility at Swansea University is thanked for HRMS data (JS group). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5935063 The EPSRC UK National Mass Spectrometry Facility at Swansea University is thanked for analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6182566 The help of Oriane Machon for SPR was much appreciated. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2682398 The help of S Sandstrom and P Barnett in preparation of the manuscript is gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5790800 They also thank Björn Zylberszac (Critical Care Clinisoft, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden) for his help with compilation of intensive care unit data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5790800 They also thank Nils-Johan Lindborg (Neurointensive Care Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden) for valuable instructions on the handling of the Multiplate®. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5099138 They also wish to thank to translator advisory service of the Spanish Society of Neurology’s Research office for helping in the preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3719470 We acknowledge the ABPN and UCNS for responding to our queries. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4259123 We acknowledge the work of Dr John Archer, Prof Gavin Fabinyi, and Prof Renate Kalnins in providing the electrophysiology, neurosurgery and histopathological data presented in the case report. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5491639 We also thank all the 383 neurologists and 1,626 CDC staff from 31 provinces who worked very hard to ensure the accuracy of the data (see Table S3 in Supplementary Material), and all the study participants for their participation and contribution. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4283719 We also thank Donna Parker and Mira Semmelroch for their assistance with EEG–fMRI studies and additional photographs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5289977 We appreciate the input of David Magnuson, PhD who shared insights from his animal studies related to stretching. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6104449 We appreciate the Research Center for Nutrition, Biochemistry, and Metabolic Disorders of KAUMS for measuring the metabolic factors. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4251450 We are also grateful for Brandon Perry and Veera Selvan for their contribution to some of the experimental work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5545591 We are grateful for Heidi Roth, DPT, and Gilles Hoffman PhD for experimental support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5825893 We sincerely thank Elmo Kaartinen for his help with processing the figures presented in this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4419719 We thank Alexandra Versleijen and other technicians of the Department of Laboratory Medicine for performing the CSF analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6149244 We thank Arno Schroll for the statistical counseling and Peter Kossmehl for the medical supervision of the study subjects. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5787128 We thank Caitlyn Fisher for assistance with the graphic design of the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6240674 We thank Catherine Kinnaird and Tian Bao for their assistance with creating a figure. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5836590 We thank Jacco Daalmans MSc for help with using R statistical package. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3636482 We thank Marci Provins and Natalie Nieman for preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6204397 We thank Masato Koizumi (Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo) and the members of the Clinical Research Support Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, for experimental support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4556026 We thank Mrs Kate Dal’Molin for English language revision. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5566617 We thank Pascal Schön and Georg Zweyer for their valuable help in updating, revising, and maintaining the movement disorder center database. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4023043 We thank Peggy Mankin and Hongyi Chen for assistance with the preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3087165 We thank Peter Rosén, Pixmix, for his indispensable help in the photographic artwork and graphics processing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4259123 We thank Prof Matthias Koepp for providing the imaging data for Figure 3A. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4337341 We thank Rafael Rojas MD, Beth Isreal Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA, Laura Horky, MD, Park, Mi-Ae, PhD, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, for providing the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3350944 We thank Rositsa Neumann, Claudio Bassetti, Maya Ringli, Salomé Kurth, and Monique LeBourgeois for providing unpublished data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3090067 We thank Senior Technician Israel Shreger for designing and building the hyperbaric oxygen chamber. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4539552 We thank the medical writer Laura Spinney for lecturing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3770980 We thank the staff at the Nanoscience Research Facility (NRF) at the University of Florida (UF) for their help with the fabrication of the electrode cables. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4076745 We thank Vegeflora Extrações do Nordeste Ltda for kindly donating pilocarpine hydrochloride. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6234834 We want to acknowledge Northwestern University DPT students for assistance with the intervention. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6281828 We would also like to acknowledge the radiographers and staff of the Monash Biomedical Imaging center (MBI) at Monash University for the use of their facilities, and assistance in running our studies out of business hours–in particular Richard McIntyre. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5882787 We would also like to thank psychologist Thiago Pedroso for assistance with neuropsychological assessments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6064946 We would also thank Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital for giving us permission to do this research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4586418 We would like to also acknowledge all the members of Neurochemistry Laboratory of the Clinical Chemistry department at the VUmc (Amsterdam) for their expertise in assay development. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6225532 We would like to thank Elisabetta Leodori for her graphic support during preparation of the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4306301 We would like to thank Franziska Ihl for orthoptic assistance; Lena Hanß, Kristin Heßelbarth, and Andrea Lehner-Bauer for laboratory assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6281828 We would like to thank Gilles Vandewalle for his advice and consultation regarding the build of our custom light device, and the Monash Instrumentation Facility for their assistance designing and constructing the device. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4265699 We would like to thank Marylène Dincau for cross checking data encoding. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4403521 We would like to thank Matteo Simonetti for the graphical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6275324 We would like to thank Nvidia Corporation for providing us with a Titan Xp graphics card. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5992288 We would like to thank Professor Renata WÅ‚och Coordinator DELab, Digital Society Programme Coordinator, Institute of Sociology University of Warsaw for support given at societal impact survey items creation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6110878 We would like to thank Statistical Elite Studios for helping with statistical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5415672 We would like to thank the data management unit at the Department of Health and Human Services, Victoria, Australia. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6146085 A special thank goes to Lucia Foieni and Alessandro De Franco for the help in the preliminary analysis of the data and also to all the staff SAPRE for their precious work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6055002 A special thanks goes to Michael Müller for his helpful instructions and the time he spent on familiarizing us with the ELISA analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4904147 A special thanks to Paola Lopreiato for editing of Figure 5. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6013800 A very large number of other people and organisations contributed to and advised on many aspects of this project and informed this report, who must all be thanked. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5460345 AA and AG gave substantive comments on the draft and PM prepared the final manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5776097 AA Kruglov and P Saikali provided insightful comments on experimental procedures and during manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4993006 AB, CC, ET, GAR, AN, EDL, PF performed a critical revision on the current literature about the described topic, wrote and revised the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5054577 ABC provided editorial support and significant contributions to revising the original draft. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5148899 AC and JB wrote the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5143454 AC and SI participated in literature search, acquisition of data and manuscript writing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5148899 AC collected the data and conducted the primary data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5055654 Acknowledgement is given to leaders and staff of the Danish DCRs for assisting the researchers of this study in gaining access to the DCR. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4214389 AcknowledgementI would like to thank the editors and the anonymous reviewer for their invaluable comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5930480 AcknowledgEmentsThe authors' greatest gratitude goes to the anonymous referees for their insightful suggestions and generous support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3349984 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe respectfully acknowledge the international community of investigators studying adrenomedullin signaling and regret that space limitations precluded us from referencing all relevant studies in this review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5405623 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe sincerely thank Jason Katz for his technical and scientific contribution to this research. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5433575 AcknowledgementThe authors gratefully acknowledge Sanorama Company, Cluj-Napoca, Romania for allowing the use of the ultrasound equipment and Farmec Company, Cluj-Napoca, Romania for the substances supplied. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5827043 AcknowledgementThe authors thank Emergency Departments of AJA and Iran University of Medical Sciences for facilities and technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5043260 AcknowledgementThe authors would like to thank Afshan Meghani, Senior Assistant, Department of Medicine for typing and editing the final version. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5433576 AcknowledgementWe gratefully thank the officials of Life-Line Express for allowing us to conduct the present study in the Express. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4929358 AcknowledgementWe thank Naokado Matsuo for his excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3383297 AcknowledgementWe thank Trevor Ralph for his English editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5216223 AcknowledgementWe want to thank Wahhaj Bakht from the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA, for his assistance with editing and with comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3551437 AcknowledgementWe wish to express our gratitude to Hisae Kawashiro (clinical research coordinator) for assisting with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6276735 AcknowledgementWe would like to show our gratitude to Grace Ika Yuwono of the University of Sydney for her writing assistance and language editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4606899 AcknowledgementWe would like to thank all the anonymous respondents who participated in the survey. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5969495 acknowledges continued support from the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) and the Australian Research Council (ARC) in the form of a Laureate fellowship enabling his photochemical research program. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4893754 Acknowledgment:We thank Dr Yousefifard for his kind support for the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3230581 AcknowledgmentFunding for preparation of this manuscript was provided by Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH; editorial support was provided by Ogilvy 4D. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3459591 AcknowledgmentI would like to thank Christy A Russell for her critical review of the manuscript and insightful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3421472 AcknowledgmentRoy Duhe is thanked for his helpful comments on this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5034925 Acknowledgments are extended to the St James Settlement Elderly Center and the Christian Family Service Centre for persistently supporting the subject recruitment and implementation of the trial. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304078 AcknowledgmentsAll authors contributed toward data analysis, drafting, and revising the paper and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6260126 AcknowledgmentsAll authors want to thank Weidong Han for statistical analysis guidance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5083942 AcknowledgmentsAuthors wish to thank Quality of Life Research and Development Foundation and Black Country Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom for technical and literature support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5811175 AcknowledgmentsDrs Donald Dietz and Caroline Dickens provided significant assistance to the preparation of this manuscript for which we are grateful. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5121551 AcknowledgmentsEach author made substantial contributions to the manuscript including analysis and interpretation of data, literature research, review and revision of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4874636 AcknowledgmentsEditing of the manuscript was performed by Lorenza Lanini, and native English editing and journal styling by Ray Hill, on behalf of HPS, Health Publishing and Services Srl. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4279666 AcknowledgmentsEditorial assistance (English language editing and styling) was provided by Mary Hines, on behalf of HPS Publishing and Services Srl. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3949557 AcknowledgmentsEditorial support for this manuscript was provided by Precept Medical Communications (Warren, NJ, USA). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4946864 AcknowledgmentsEditorial support in the preparation of this manuscript was provided by Matthew Grzywacz (ApotheCom, Yardley, PA, USA). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4310719 AcknowledgmentsEditorial support in the preparation of this manuscript was provided by Tricia Newell, PhD, Mark English, PhD, and Matthew Grzywacz, PhD (ApotheCom, Yardley, PA, USA). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4362599 AcknowledgmentsEnglish-language editing of this manuscript was provided by Journal Prep. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5814893 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSHenrik Glenner (Department of Biology, University of Bergen) is acknowledged for providing boat time, laboratory space, and logistic support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4655903 AcknowledgmentsHyben Vital is greatly acknowledged for supplying their standardized rose hip powder, Ove Aaskoven, Tolstrup Data, for supporting the statistical analysis of the data collected in this study, and Farinaz Raziani for preparing figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3508547 AcknowledgmentsImages and photographs for this review were taken or contributed by Rajeev Hatwar, Tze-Yuan Cheng, and Muge Pirtini Cetingul. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4399783 AcknowledgmentsInsight Medical Writing (Kidlington, UK) assisted in the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3685399 AcknowledgmentsMedical editorial assistance was provided by Susan DePetris, PhD, of Phase Five Communications Inc, and supported by Sanofi-aventis US LLC, in collaboration with Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5072514 AcknowledgmentsMedical writing and editorial assistance were provided by Alex Loeb, PhD, CMPP, Evidence Scientific Solutions, Philadelphia, PA, USA, and was funded by Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4562739 AcknowledgmentsMedical writing assistance was provided by Vincent Gotz, MS Pharm, MBA, of ProPharmaCon LLC (San Diego, CA, USA). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5411111 AcknowledgmentsMedical writing support was provided by Neel Misra, MSc, of Engage Scientific Solutions, and funded by Pfizer Inc. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4762586 AcknowledgmentsMembers of the Schiemann and Vinayak laboratories are thanked for providing helpful comments and suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3677808 AcknowledgmentsNW and TW played an equal part in conceiving and designing this study and writing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5279844 AcknowledgmentsProfessional medical writing and editorial assistance were provided by Robert Coover, MPH, CMPP, and Nicole Draghi, PhD, CMPP, at Caudex, and were funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and Pfizer Inc. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4061140 AcknowledgmentsProfessor Jacek Smurzynski, from the Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, provided helpful and insightful comments on this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4232038 AcknowledgmentsThe authors extend their sincere thanks to Dr Hema for yoga training and Dr Venkatesan, statistician, for his guidance on advanced statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5008447 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully acknowledge Eva Guarc and Violeta Alastrué for their help with data queries and Cristina Feja for her help calculating the general population sample size. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6000746 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully thank the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences for providing technical facilities for this investigation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6298387 AcknowledgmentsThe authors gratefully thank the staff members of the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, for their suggestions and assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3838472 AcknowledgmentsThe authors owe a great debt of gratitude to Ms Kanlaya Kaewsom, our former research nurse, and all the residents and caregivers at TWDCOP for their cooperation during the data collection activities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3529635 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank A Piccoli and G Pastori (Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy) for providing the BIVA software, and Dr V Succa (Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy) for her contribution in preparing the figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5327847 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Adrian Naznean from the Department of Foreign Languages of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu MureÅŸ for careful corrections to the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4416640 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Advanced Clinical Concepts LLC for assistance with writing and editorial support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6163014 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank all medical personnel of the Department of Head, Neck and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, People’s Republic of China, for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5687111 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank all of the members of University of Minnesota Department of Bariatric Surgery for their assistance and discussion in preparing this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2762360 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Andrew Cooper, BSc, of Envision Pharma, Southport, CT for his editorial assistance with this manuscript and Bann-mo Day, PhD, of Roche, Nutley, NJ, who performed the analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6183698 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Ayano Oyamada, Tatsuyo Shinohara, Mayumi Otsu, Rikako Ono, Yoko Matsumoto, Takeshi Eguro, Keizo Sakamoto, Shigeo Sano, and Yusuke Nakao for their cooperation with osteoporosis treatment and technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6225922 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Chunxiang Feng, Chang Liu, Shiliang Liu, and Kai Yu for data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6233863 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dave Franklin, Diana Canchola and Jeannie Ramos for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5001226 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Deborah Kim, PharmD, and Aryana Sepassi, PharmD, for their support on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5865559 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dr DK Shukla (ICMR, Delhi) for his statistical analysis of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5903842 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dr Guangzho Chen, Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Agricultural Reclamation Central Hospital, for his data analyses and valuable discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3278205 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dr Jesus Rosado and Dr Jorge Ovidio Cruz, executive directors of the Hospital Department of Villavicencio and Hospital Department of Granada, for their financial support of this research and help with logistics, and Miguel Novoa for his biostatistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4106963 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dr Li Chao for her statistical support in the understanding of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5238807 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dr Qi Chen and Hui Zhang who are excellent physicians, and the authors thank them for their ultrasound guidance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5501445 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Dr S Sres, PTC Konolfingen, Nestlé, Switzerland for the preparation of the HT La1 spray dried powder, Alexandra Lamquin, Nestlé Skin Health/Galderma R&D for the management of the study, Dr Anne Carricajo, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, for her valuable advice regarding microbiology, and Anne Lebecq, Stateo, Monaco for the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3544355 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Drs Stewart Adams, Gordon Atkins, Robert Bransfield, Douglas Demetrick, Dorte Dopfer, JoAnn Hudson, Alan MacDonald, Elizabeth Rasmussen, Eva Sapi, Virginia Savely, Matthew Shawkey, Janet Sperling, and Michael Sweeney for helpful discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3639016 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Elaine Hanna of AbbVie for medical writing and editorial assistance and Kristina Kligys of AbbVie for editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3257881 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Gordon Atkins, Robert Bransfield, Dorte Dopfer, Doug Kahn, Alan MacDonald, Peter Mayne, Deryck Read, Janet Sperling, Michael Sweeney, and Randy Wymore for their helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3770492 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Helios Bioscience for the development of and access to the elegant and potent PROPAGAPATH system, and for helpful discussions, and Altrabio SA, Lyon, France, for statistical analysis of the gene expression data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5283070 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Hulya Ellidokuz for statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6174888 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Idil Yavuz for statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4878667 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Jaime Borras MD for coordinating and monitoring the trial, Sergi Mojal for statistical analysis, and Marta Pulido, MD, for editing the manuscript and editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5388205 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank J-C Metzger and WL Popp for their valuable suggestions and thoughtful discussions, as well as the statistical consulting service at ETH Zurich for their advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5811176 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Jesus Walker-Salas, Diana Canchola and Jeannie Ramos for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4529263 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thanks all patients enrolled in the study, and Carla Monteiro and Osvaldo Santos for statistical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5722010 AcknowledgmentsThe authors thanks go to Professor Talal Zari for performing the statistical analysis for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5953012 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to acknowledge and appreciate the editorial changes made to the manuscript by Fatemeh Daftari (Department of English, Tehran University). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3646484 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Dr Julie Luker for technical aid. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4345924 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Eric Fontas for his methodological support and Mathilde Demory for reviewing the English. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5593396 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Greg Maislin for data management support and for conducting all statistical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5117119 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Molli Rosenström for her arduous work with the data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6197244 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Prof Seyit Ali Kayis and Prof Handan Ankarali for their kind help in statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3753062 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Professor John F Thompson, Sydney Melanoma Unit, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, for his guidance and advice in the early stages of establishment of ILI therapy, and Dr R Waugh, Radiology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, for his advice regarding catheter selection and technique. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5691905 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank the NU Hospital Group, Department of Research and Development, for financing research time and all the coworkers within the study group for their assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6300373 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank their colleagues in the Department of Pathology for reviewing the histopathological results and their colleagues in the Department of Medical Records for their assistance in retrieving medical charts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3656645 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Yi-Ping Sung for her kind help with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5731437 AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Yue-Ping Liu, MD, Yong-Wen Song, MD, Xin-Fan Liu, MD, and Zi-Hao Yu, MD, for participating in patient treatment and manuscript revision. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6257077 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to express thanks to Elizabeth A Rademan, Department of Physiological Sciences, and Department of Journalism, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, for the assistance, which significantly improved the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3379855 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to express their gratitude to the anonymous referees who helped improve this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4876679 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to sincerely thank Dr John Lakoumentas, PhD (Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Greece) for his invaluable help in the statistical analysis of the study’s data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5312691 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Abby Villacarlos and Carly Graff for assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6174294 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all the participants of this study as well as Fukuseikai Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan for their technical assistance with CT examinations. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5337374 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all the school management for allowing us to perform this study in their schools. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5338843 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Associate Professor Graham Robertson for his comments during the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5702166 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr Fiona Manning for suggestions about research questions and reviewing earlier drafts of the manuscript; Priya Rosenberg for assisting with the audit; Professor Jonathon Berkowitz for advice about statistical analysis; and Cliff Cornish, chief librarian of Island Health, for assisting with the literature review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6208529 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr Han-Chen Huang and Dr Jian-Jun Lou at Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences to make a suggestion and kindly provide shAMF/GPI expression vector. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4057330 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr James S Sinambela, Priska Hardadi, and Ujiatmi Dwi Marlupi for preparing DLBS4847, Florensia Nailufar for performing the animal study, and Audrey Clarissa and Destrina Grace Simanjuntak for their assistance in editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3656624 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr Michael Zieger, Doreen Winter, Peggy Gasch, and Martina Grebner for excellent technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5322939 AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr Nancy Moore, editor of the Arizona State University College of Nursing and Health Innovation, for reviewing drafts of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3267403 AcknowledgmentsThe following individuals helped with collection of the data and information: Sarah Shonyo with data collection and Jody Clikeman with manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4427142 AcknowledgmentsThe skillful technical assistance of Nami Michiaki is gratefully acknowledged. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5261605 AcknowledgmentsThis manuscript was edited for English language by American Journal Experts (AJE). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4968667 AcknowledgmentsWe specially thank Ping-Yi Lin, PhD, of Changhua Christian Hospital for her constructive comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3593710 AcknowledgmentsWe thank AFAQ Company for supplying the Talbinah required for the food analysis and intervention. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4730930 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Akina Usui for assistance in subject recruitment, and Mika Yamazaki, Chisato Ohta, Riako Teshigawara, and Hitomi Suzuki for their excellent technical assistance in evaluating children. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4631410 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all participants and the professional staff at the Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies at Kyoto University for their support of the study and Dr Izumo at Suntory Wellness Ltd for his support in the preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6257075 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all the members of the National Cancer Institute, who have been involved with the SEER program for their hard work in data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6304252 AcknowledgmentsWe thank all the staff of the Department of Geriatric Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, for their cooperation and the anonymous reviewers. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6208551 AcknowledgmentsWe thank American Journal Experts for their linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5783017 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Chun-Kuan Wu for statistical technical supports. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5894670 AcknowledgmentsWe thank colleagues at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, PLA General Hospital, for their help with biochemical measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5783151 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Doctor Lu Xiao-xiong from Baylor College of Medicine for his assistance in English language copy editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5896640 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Hidetoshi Taima, Mr Shinzo Osumi, Mr Yosuke Inoue, and Ms Yuka Yasuda for their assistance in skin measurements and analysis of data, and we thank Mr Koichi Ishida for his critique of the findings of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6203171 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Jerry Joseph Batzel, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria, for his constructive comments and his insights during the preparation of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5822855 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Joe Hasei and Dr Tomohiro Fujiwara of the Department of Orthopedics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, for their helpful comments and discussion during the drafting of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3969255 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Josephine Bageritz and Prof Dr Peter Lichter for their critical reading and their helpful suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5716391 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Karen Morgan for her valuable input during the preparation of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5765973 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Martina Piccinni Leopardi for technical assistance in performing and managing the collection samples from ES patients. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3900316 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Peter Brubaker for comments on an early draft of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6254686 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Richard Burns for his advice and assistance with the randomization of the sample. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6188157 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr Shicheng Yu at China CDC for his comments on the statistics. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6097501 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Dr WG Deng and Dr M Chen (Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China) for professional editing of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5743178 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Ellen Knapp, PhD, from Liwen Bianji, Edanz Group China, for editing the English text of a draft of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3681267 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Florian Losch for revising the manuscript and Franziska Voß for expert assistance in preparing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4378871 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Fong Yoke Leng for her assistance in patient recruitment and data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3508559 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Hiromi Ito, Kayoko Hayashi, Kazue Uesaka, Harumi Murata, Harumi Hayashi, and Harumi Matsumoto for their assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3149480 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Ikuo Matsuyama for histological staining, and the members of Cutera Inc for helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5725308 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Jaimie Hoh Kam, Alan Bird and Tobias Weinrich for their comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6118257 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Ji Young Kim and Hoyoung Kim for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6130285 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Jianguo Lai for his assistance during data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5713686 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Jiezhou Wu, Renlong Li and Hengda Hu (all from the Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China) and Xifan Li (Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China) for technical assistance and helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3413168 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Joyce Lin Ballard and Robyn Capobianco for assistance with study execution and data acquisition, Randy Asher for graphical assistance, and Medical Metrics Inc, Houston, TX, and Mark Myers for quantitative computed tomography analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4547654 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Kathryn Hale for her editorial services. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3048089 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Kristin Kraus for editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4164041 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Laura Stanciu Gabriella, medical physicist, who did manuscript language editing on behalf of the authors. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5008166 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Martha Morrell, MD, for her editorial suggestions on discussions of capabilities of the RNS system. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6188129 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Min-Lin Fang, MLS, and Gloria Won, MLS, for their assistance with the literature search. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6138960 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Ms Jun Hou and Ms Haiying Zeng (Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University) for the pathologic review, immunohistochemical staining evaluation, and technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4061144 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Muriel Gueriton (specialized librarian) for literature search. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5010075 AcknowledgmentsWe thank our colleagues in the Department of Laboratory Medicine at PLA General Hospital for help with biochemical measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4181448 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Prof Mario Ermani for assistance in statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4644183 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Professor Chiung-Mei Chen (Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan) for providing the R6/2 HD mice, and Sun-Ten Pharmaceutical Company for the technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6214417 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Professor David Le Couteur for his advice and comments in preparing this manuscript for publication. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4956070 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Professor Jing-Hsiang Hwang of Academia Sinica for advising us on imputation methods for the missing values, and Bill Franke and Paul Steed for English editing and proofreading. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4251660 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Professor Leon Flicker for his input into the selection of the cognitive screening measure, Dr Trang Vu for assistance with the background literature review, Noelene Deveson for coordinating the baseline survey, and our research assistants who collected the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5412680 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Richard Chin, Iris Oren, and Giles Hardingham for comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3699058 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Scott Davenport and Chris West from Cutera Inc for technical information related to the near-infrared device and helpful comments, and Yohei Nagaoka for performing the three-dimensional imaging in this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5937504 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Sonya J Smyk, Moffitt Cancer Center, for editorial support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4375564 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the Austrian Ministry of Finance, in particular, Eduard Mueller, Ilse Schmalz, Irene Torschitz, and Erich Truhetz for their extraordinary cooperation in all stages of the project and in interpreting the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4535561 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the participants of the study and the Sabin Laboratory, which allowed analyses of blood variables. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5637002 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the staff of the Department of Pathology for their technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6173510 AcknowledgmentsWe thank the two respiratory physicians (L Yang and Y Lu) for CT image interpretation, and the staff of the record retrieval department from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University for their efforts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6057553 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Tim Pownall, native English speaker, for English editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4542411 AcknowledgmentsWe thank Valerie L Sodi for her helpful comments on this review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6037271 AcknowledgmentsWe wish to thank all participants for their assistance in this study, especially Zhenwei Shen and Jiqing Li for data collection and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6183694 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to acknowledge Dermal Laboratories Ltd, Hitchin, UK, for providing product samples for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5626236 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to express sincere gratitude to Prof Linda Chiu-Wa Lam, Prof Sing Lee, and Prof Arthur Dun-Ping Mak for their patient guidance for this manuscript preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6252785 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to extend our deepest gratitude to our mentor Dr Zhesheng Wen, a respected and responsible scholar, who has provided us with valuable guidance at every stage of the writing of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5734238 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Andrea Wolff for her work in the GESTALT projects and many helpful suggestions and discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5973318 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Caroline Maureen Darch (Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University) for her help in reviewing and editing this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4501685 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Dr Ismet Dogan for his support in statistical analyses. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4144932 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Dr Paolo Campanella for his very useful suggestions and for revising the final manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5822856 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Edvandro Lima Batista and Antonio Marcos Freitas Aquino from the Ortheses and Prostheses Unit; Juliana Luz Passos Argenton and Cleide Aparecida Moreira da Silva for the statistical analysis; and Ana Lúcia de Morais Barbosa for her help in data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5973461 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Jenna Lewis for editing our manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6053262 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Lisa Tsang for English language editing, all clinical researchers of the included studies and patients related to these studies. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5635852 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Marion L Hartley for her edits to this review. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6205526 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Meng Zhao, Chunping Yin, and Yangyang Guo for their advice and support on the design and analysis of this project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6255056 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank SEER for providing open access to the database. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4206255 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Thane Aung for his contribution to the data collection and Dr Martin Godfrey for his time and expertise in critically reviewing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4476435 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the attending physicians for filling their reports for all admitted patients; Mihaela Mot for imputing the patients’ data into electronic databases; Ioana Citu for her support and contributions in the literature search strategy; Adina Bucur, Department of Public Health, for her helpful comments; and Emma Deak for her support in managing the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6245349 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the native English-speaking scientists of Elixigen Company (Huntington Beach, CA, USA) for editing our manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3564456 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the Obu City Office for assisting with recruitment of participants, and the speech therapists of the Ukai Rehabilitation Hospital for their assistance with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6237139 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the reviewers whose comments and suggestions greatly improved this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5916259 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank to Dr Imme R Haubitz (Würzburg) for statistical support, Ludger Blanke (Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund and Institute for Work, Learning and Ageing, Bochum) for helpful technical assistance, Dr U Bruene-Cohrs (LWL University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum) for helpful discussions, Dr Laura Kerr (MedEL) for editing a version of this manuscript, as well as Robert Käppeler (cand. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6121751 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Yefei Fang (Yuyao People’s Hospital) for her helpful advice on data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5783148 AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Zhongwu Li, Lixin Zhou, and Yanhua Bai for assistance with the preparation of blood samples and Shenyi Lian for valuable discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3740822 AcknowledgmentThe authors acknowledge the sincere help and support of Medhat Kassem and Mohsen Omar from Pharco Pharmaceutical Industries, who had a major role in preparation and coding of the drug packs and concealment of treatment allocation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5827053 AcknowledgmentThe authors thank Emergency Departments of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences for facilities and technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3437800 AcknowledgmentThe authors thank Giovanni Appendino for reviewing the manuscript and Martino Recchia for statistical data processing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3420380 AcknowledgmentThe authors thank Monirah Albloushi, RN, MSN, for the assistance in figures and paper preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3503287 AcknowledgmentThe authors wish to acknowledge the Human Brain Tissue Repository (Brain Bank), Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore for histological evaluation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3559079 AcknowledgmentThe authors wish to thank JD Baggott who kindly edited the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6036520 AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to express their gratitude to those who participted in data collection in selected hospitals. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3508558 AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to thank Abigail McElhinny, PhD for her critical review of the manuscript and helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5427560 AEM conducted the analyses with guidance from CEK and AMB. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6048691 We thank William Edwards for providing thermal stability analysis of the enantiomeric mixtures of Lys-HexGel. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5491962 We thank William Nguyen and Colin Bailie for experimental assistance and Eva Unger, Koen Vandewal, and Alberto Salleo for fruitful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2797410 We thank Wim Huibers for technical assistance in the mass spectrometry analysis and Bert Poolman for support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5108923 We thank Wolfgang Pita-Thomas for helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5811097 We thank Xin Li for helpful discussion and Zhihong Guo for MenE protein. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6250114 We thank Xinyi Yan for her help in reviewing and editing this article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6303401 We thank Yaoguang Liu (South China Agricultural University) for providing the binary vector pYLCRISPR/Cas9 system, Silin Zhong (The Chinese University of Hong Kong) for providing the protocol for ChIP-qPCR experiments and Ruiheng Wang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) and Qiang Zhang (Chongqing University) for advice on bioinformatics. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5120355 We thank Yolanda Noordijk for the isolation of DNA from all samples at Wageningen-UR and Elisa Banchi for her work on the genotyping of these samples with the 20 K Infinium SNP array at the Fondazione Edmund Mach. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5449505 We thank Yuan Gu, JingYang, Yuli Chen, Jin Pan, Xiaohuan Wang, Zixia Wang, Kai Guo, and Rui Zhang for all their invaluable efforts and technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5994746 We thank Zehuan Huang for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5471454 We thank Zhemin Zhang, Yanxuan Xie, Bingjie Han, Leijin Guo and Zhen Zhang for helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5916221 We thank: Core Facilities of iHuman Institute and the MS facility of School of Life Science and Technology at ShanghaiTech University for technical support; Chris de Graaf from Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) for help with data analysis and fruitful discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5601982 We want to express our gratitude to Bert Keurentjes, Radboud in’to Laguages, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, for editing grammar and language. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5222938 We want to thank Chris Whitefield and Catrien Bouwman for fruitful discussions about archaeal N-glycosylation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4197645 We want to thank Hans Segenhout for his help with setting up the equipment, Nima Ilbegi for his help with conducting experiment 1, and Minne Bonnema for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3749819 We want to thank Liz Woodward for reviewing our paper as a native speaker, and we want to thank all our participants as well as the general practitioners and their staff, for taking part in our study and giving us their time. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5935026 We want to thank the anonymous referees that helped us improve this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5811121 We want to thank the reviewers of the manuscript for their critical and helpful contributions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4020883 We wish to acknowledge the contributions of Nalin Singh, Bernhard T Baune, and Henry Brodaty who were involved in the funding application, design, and general supervision of the SMART trial. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2518541 We wish to acknowledge the support and assistance received from:Turning Point Somerset service usersTurning Point Somerset staff and volunteersAvon and Somerset PoliceSomerset Drug and Alcohol Action TeamWe are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers of the original draft of the paper for their comments, which helped us make various improvements to the final draft. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6284039 We wish to convey our appreciation to all the authors who have participated in this Research Topic and the reviewers for their insightful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5647484 We wish to thank Alberto Saiani and his group (University of Manchester) for assistance with DSC experiments and Huntsman Polyurethanes for useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4751255 We wish to thank Alexander Wright and Vanessa Wiggermann for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6219428 We wish to thank all patients who donated biological material for the purposes of the study, Professor HL Weiner (Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States) for providing the TW7-16B4 antibody, Francesca Spadaro for confocal microscopy technical assistance (Confocal Microscopy Unit, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6091068 We wish to thank community and government health representatives, including members of the SToP-C Project Steering Committee, who provided feedback on an earlier version of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4404922 We wish to thank Donato Cioli and Jonathan Kurtis for their invaluable insight in critiquing this manuscript; Sean Suri and Ami Shah with technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5669312 We wish to thank Dr Christine Austin and Dr Nicole Jenkins for their helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2263074 We wish to thank Dr Javier Ena, from de Medicina Interna Service at the Hospital Marina Baixa, La Vila Joiosa (Alicante, SPAIN) for his critical review of the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2557006 We wish to thank Dr Nazanin Mojtabavi for her valuable helps and critical review of the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4688998 We wish to thank François Lebreton, Valérie Fouillet, Clara Boutin and Erwin Collaerts for their contribution in phenotyping the application population and Hans Jansen for his contribution in pre-analysis of phenotypic data of the training population. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5707510 We wish to thank Mai Muramoto for sample preparations and help in the XRPD, DSC, and ac impedance measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4688998 We wish to thank Mark Davey and Wannes Keulemans (KU Leuven) for access to ‘Telamon’ × ‘Braeburn’ mapping population. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4600956 We wish to thank Pierre Bourdoncle and Thomas Guilbert of the Cochin Imaging Facility (Institut Cochin, Paris) for advice and assistance with microscopes and help in data analysis; Alain Trautmann and Nadege Bercovici for valuable discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4888759 We wish to thank Sheng Zhang of the Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility of the Cornell University Institute of Biotechnology for expert technical assistance and helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6119303 We wish to thank the Exchange Supplies for donating the low dead space needles distributed in this project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5811094 We wish to thank the three reviewers for their comments on the earlier version of this manuscript, which we believe improved the presentation of data significantly. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5131611 We wish to thank Veni Vidi (Halifax, UK) for their generous provision of riboflavin for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5887865 We would also like to acknowledge Dr Hsien-Yi Hsu for helpful discussions and support editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5055654 We would also like to acknowledge Morten Hesse and Birgitte Tylstrup from the Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Denmark, for the help with the development of the survey questionnaire as well as statistician Steen Ladelund, Clinical Research Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark, for the statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4684914 We would also like to acknowledge the BC Provincial Renal Agency for access to an online survey account. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5966537 We would also like to acknowledge the continued guidance and support provided by Greydon Gilmore. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4556308 We would also like to acknowledge the contribution of Salwa Farooqi in researching primary source material for the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5664363 We would also like to acknowledge the extensive use of NMR and MS facilities within the Chemical Characterisation and Analysis Facility (CCAF) at the University of Bath for compound characterisation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1334178 We would also like to acknowledge the support of the admissions officers at the CADS units, AMS case managers, medical officers and consumer advisors, and all the clients who completed the survey. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5879089 We would also like to thank all the editors and reviewers for their work in the peer-review processes of these manuscripts. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4644172 We would also like to thank Amy Whereat from Speak the Speech Consulting and Gene Colón, who provided editing assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4397898 We would also like to thank Ann-Charlotte Sundqvist and the nurses at the Allergy Department, Sachs’ Children’s Hospital for skillful participation in oral food challenges and to Thermo Fischer Scientific for providing recombinant proteins and performing serological analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4246923 We would also like to thank Ben Seymour for his feedback on the initial drafts of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5566560 We would also like to thank Diana Williams and John Graham-Brown for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5628336 We would also like to thank Dr Alexander Wahba for his help with MS characterization. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5586980 We would also like to thank Dr Aoife Waters, Dr Liz Gargon, and Prof Paul Jansen for their invaluable help and useful advice. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6262539 We would also like to thank Dr Colin Logan Mackay of the University of Edinburgh for mass spectrometry and the University of Edinburgh SIRCAMS facility for use of the FTICRMS. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3720580 We would also like to thank Dr David Cushley from International Science Editing, Clare, Ireland, for assistance with the English version of the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5643978 We would also like to thank Dr Stacey Zones (Chevron Energy Technology Company) for insightful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4206255 We would also like to thank Dr Sushmita Roy-Nawathe for her contribution to reviewing and editing the manuscript as well as all the dermatologists who collected the data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3437561 We would also like to thank Hannes Einspieler for processing the data, and Miha Tavcar (scriptophil) for proofreading the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6224377 We would also like to thank Henrik Schinke for valuable technical assistance and Romina Dörig and Christiane Zaborosch from the Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW) Wädenswil, Switzerland, for SPR measurements of selected ROR2 mAbs. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5406217 We would also like to thank Kelly Woltman and Graham Woodward for their guidance and support while at the Ontario Renal Network. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5845096 We would also like to thank Melody Linton and Jeffrey Elliot for helping with patient physical exams and initial data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3342317 We would also like to thank members of the ICD laboratory for their review of the manuscript and helpful comments throughout the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2169216 We would also like to thank Peter Adams and Terry Fleming for their comments on earlier drafts of the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5934425 We would also like to thank Qiang Feng for help during the early phase of study and Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Copenhagen University, for valuable comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5994989 We would also like to thank Stanislav Rubakhin for helpful discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5878662 We would also like to thank the BCSP, the National Research Ethics Service Committee Yorkshire and The Humber – Leeds East, and Public Health England for providing useful feedback on the protocol of this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5641345 We would also like to thank the Flow Cytometry Platform (Cytocell) for their assistance with cytometry data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6196251 We would also like to thank the neurologists and genetic counselors who were instrumental in the implementation of this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4620671 We would also like to thank the referees for carefully reading the manuscript and for their useful and constructive comments that helped improve the quality of our paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6092784 We would especially like to thank Jason Altenberg, Zoë Dodd, and Miroslav Miskovic for their input on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6092716 We would like also to thank the excellent technical and analytical staff of the LIKAT for their support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4349614 We would like to acknowledge all the CKD clinic administrative and clinical personnel who contribute to the data collection that made this project possible, and the CANN-NET Knowledge Users Committee for their evaluation and comments which shaped the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5433515 We would like to acknowledge Dr Toshihiko Maeyama and Dr Yoshiyuki Matsuda for their helpful discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6005265 We would like to acknowledge Giuseppe Sicoli and Thorben Schierhorn for their initial experiments on the RNA samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4138441 We would like to acknowledge Nancy Lobaugh for her help with statistical analyses, Lisa Ehrlich for helping with collection and interpretation of SPECT scans, and Curtis Caldwell for helping with SPECT perfusion quantification. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5967152 We would like to acknowledge our Can-SOLVE CKD Network patient partners who provided support in the form of reviewing survey questions and results obtained. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5418631 We would like to acknowledge Prof Robert Goldin and Dr Abigail Speller for the manual annotation of the H&E stained images. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5645730 We would like to acknowledge Rebecca Schulman, Damien Woods, Matthew Cook, Tosan Omabegho, Heun Jin Lee, Ethan Garner, Michael Diehl, Zahid Yaqoob, Nadine Dabby, and Paul Rothemund for their helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1187911 We would like to acknowledge the support of all those who were involved in piloting the questionnaire, supporting the study and completing the postal and telephone surveys. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5369406 We would like to acknowledge the use of the Diamond light source for access to beamline I15 that contributed to the PDF results. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3775192 We would like to acknowledge writing assistance and editorial support for the preparation of this manuscript was provided by Adam Ruth, PhD, and Carol Dyer, MS, of Prescott Medical Communications Group, Chicago, IL, USA, contractors of Forest Research Institute. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5686386 We would like to also acknowledge the mass spectrometry and advanced research computing core facilities. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6038886 We would like to express our appreciation to Editage for providing editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3759702 We would like to express our gratitude for the excellent comments and suggestions to: András Fogarasi, Arup Chattopadhyay, Bernhard Steinhoff, Candan Gurses, Christine Soufflet, Fabrizio Monti, Ioana Mindruta, Kristina Malmgren, Maria Peltola, Michael Koutroumanidis, Péter Halász, Riitta Lees, Roland Flink, Serap Saygi, Victoria Fernandez, William Szurhaj, and Zarko Martinovic. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5117993 We would like to extend special acknowledgments to the Malaysian older adults who agreed to participate in the study, cooperated with us during the data collection and assessment, and showed good compliance and interest to finish the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4596320 We would like to give special thanks to Dr Liang Chen, The Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, for providing the tea germplasm samples and passport information and Stephen Pinney of USDA ARS for SNP genotyping of the tea samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4313694 We would like to recognize Anthony Kwan who completed the illustration for this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5835085 We would like to thank Agata Majewska for the excellent technical support, including preparation of figures. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5010039 We would like to thank all families for their cooperation and Miha Tavcar (scriptophil) for copy editing the paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5355960 We would like to thank all members of the Wellcome Trust Strategic Award team for useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6088481 We would like to thank all our collaborators in the participating centers who made exposure data collection, and this study, possible in their respective hemodialysis units: Dr Pierre Cartier, Dr Karine Tousignant, Dr Carole Pichette, Dr Gérard Désaulniers, Dr Jean Proulx, Dr Sacha Deserres, Dr Paul Montambault, Dr Jean-François Cailhier, Dr George Soltys, Dr Damien Bélisle, Dr Marc Ghannoum, Dr Jean-Philippe Rioux, Dr Sylvain Brunet, Dr Marie-Josée Dion, Dr Paul Barré, and Dr Simon Desmeules. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3467761 We would like to thank all the health-care workers, officials, care providers, and family members who assisted in identification of patients, examination, and assessment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3342043 We would like to thank all the members of the Wetzler Lab, the Section of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Microbiology at the Boston University School of Medicine for their discussions and thoughts on this topic. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4500930 We would like to thank Angela Podßun, Maria Winkler, and Kristine Gürtler for providing excellent cell culture support and technical assistance and Christiane Teichmann for the primary data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3791960 We would like to thank Anna Johansson, Sofa Raccuia, Cecilia Lenander, Annika Dobszai, and Jenny Cappelin for help with acquisition of data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6009436 We would like to thank Anne Neumann for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6256705 We would like to thank Antonio Renato Meirelles e Silva and the staff from the CCIFM and MR facility for their excellent technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4620849 We would like to thank Associate Professor Vîrgolici Bogdana for her thoughtful review of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5912014 We would like to thank Atefeh Taheri, Tobias Sherbow and Natalia Loewen for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5996069 We would like to thank Ben Seddon, George Kassiotis, Jean Langhorne, Charles Sinclair, Thea Hogan, and Jie Yang for discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5437683 We would like to thank Beth Abbott for editing and formatting the article. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5996069 We would like to thank Blake Gibson for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5994989 We would like to thank Burt Simpson from the Joaquín Rodríguez-López group for the helpful discussion on simulation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5045027 We would like to thank Cecilia Martínez Fernández-Llamazares (Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranón, Madrid, Spain) for her expert advice and Jenny Rudland for editorial assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6220365 We would like to thank Coco de Koning (University Medical Center Utrecht) for technical assistance with the development of the flow cytometry panels and Abhinandan Devaprasad for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6137444 We would like to thank Daniel Himmel for the valuable discussion of the quantum-chemical calculations and reactions, the MagRes facility of the University of Freiburg and Fadime Bitgül for the measurement of the NMR spectra, Mario Schleep for the measurement and refinement of single crystal X-Ray diffraction data, Daniel Kratzert for the valuable discussions of the crystallographic data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3703565 We would like to thank David Bannerman for mentorship and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai PostDoc Writing Group for feedback on manuscript composition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5686386 We would like to thank David Calianese and Viralkumar Davra for helpful discussions, as well as Anita Antes for maintaining the clonally-derived TAM-IFN reporter lines, and Cyril Empig and Bruce Freimark at Peregrine Pharmaceuticals for providing the PS targeting antibody PGN632. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5625628 We would like to thank David Dixon, Thomas Beck, Shawn Kathmann, Liem Dang, Philippe Hünenberger, Sotiris Xantheas, Richard Remsing and John Weeks for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3082766 We would like to thank Diana Millán-Aldaco, Marcela Palomero-Rivero, Teresa Torres-Peralta, and Francisco Pérez-Eugenio for their technical assistance and support in the reviewing of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5857269 We would like to thank Dr Alexandra Maruszak for reviewing the final draft of the manuscript and for her helpful comments and suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4889784 We would like to thank Dr Anthony Hayes and Mr Derek Scarborough for help with the histology presented in this study and Dr Sally Hayes for useful discussions concerning data interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5811142 We would like to thank Dr Elizabeth Wilneff, Dr Rob Clowes and Dr Sean Higgins for their help operating the high-throughput equipment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5811142 We would like to thank Dr Elizabeth Wilneff, Mr Rob Clowes and Dr Sean Higgins for their help operating the high-throughput equipment in the Centre for Materials Discovery at the University of Liverpool. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6024242 We would like to thank Dr Oliver Cooper for preliminary experiments and Dr Euro Solari for elemental analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5618151 We would like to thank Dr Shuji Takahashi (Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University) and Dr Tsuyoshi Minami (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University) for fruitful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5950832 We would like to thank Dr Stacey Zones (Chevron Energy Technology Company) for insightful discussions and Thomas Rea (Chevron Energy Technology Company) for collecting the RED data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5437377 We would like to thank Dr Susan Kauzlarich for use of her DSC and SPS, and Dr Jian Wang for his discussion and troubleshooting. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6013791 We would like to thank Dr Tiago Rodrigues for commenting on the first subset selection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5965247 We would like to thank Dr Toshiaki Sonobe and Dr Tatsuhiko Yoshino for their assistance with the X-ray analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5497267 We would like to thank Dris Ihiawakrim for fruitful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3004659 We would like to thank Drs Sada Pillay and Aimee Bence in supporting the development of this assay. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4782159 We would like to thank Elizabeth Hocking PhD and Anita Chadha-Patel PhD for their help with English editing of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5552726 We would like to thank Feng Xiao, Xiaoli Zhong, and Xiaohui Chen for MRI technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6094178 We would like to thank France Favarger for help with the chemical synthesis, Isabelle Riezman for help with LC-MS analysis, Christoph Bauer, Jérôme Bosset, Pierre Cosson for fluorescence and electron microscopy support and Manuel Lera Ramírez for image and statistical analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5646261 We would like to thank George Burslem and Hannah Kyle for assistance with modelling and testing of compound 1 in FA assays and Anna Barnard for useful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6076389 We would like to thank Georgia Smith and Elena Sharratt for assisting with data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3342007 We would like to thank Guillermo Arango Duque for editing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2706329 We would like to thank Heather Phillips for expert technical assistance with histology and Dr Susan Hunter and Marlene Groenen for assistance obtaining murine biological samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5775230 We would like to thank Ilda Marçal and Hermes dos Reis for their excellent care of the animal facility, and Maria do Carmo Dias for technical help. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4596321 We would like to thank Jack’s Pride Farms in Randolph, Wisconsin, for providing field space for these experiments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4351613 We would like to thank James Delorme for critical comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5304258 We would like to thank Jason Garry for translating and thoroughly revising the manuscript and Professor Manuel Elkin Patarroyo for his suggestions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2387148 We would like to thank Jesus Navarro for his valuable comments on an earlier draft of this paper. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5450522 We would like to thank Jonathan Handing for critical reading and discussion. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5727424 We would like to thank Kahsai Beraki for technical help. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5450522 We would like to thank Karolina Majorek for crystallization and data collection of 5IJ5. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2262144 We would like to thank Kathrin Klee for her assistance in preparing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5943493 We would like to thank Keri Kaeding for useful comments on this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3124325 We would like to thank Kiiko Ogashiwa for her assistance in histopathological analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5734238 We would like to thank Lee Goodwin for his linguistic revision of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6111994 We would like to thank Lidiane Campos for assistance with data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4423511 We would like to thank Matthew Kondoff for critical comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4734207 We would like to thank Melissa Edmonson and Andres Balcazar Naranjo for help with figure preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4459085 We would like to thank members of the AW lab for helpful discussions and insights about this topic. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4879517 We would like to thank Michelle Schaub, Hema Kasinathan, Anna Nowogrodzki, Paige Appleton and Jackie Lillis for their technical support phenotyping PM resistance; Steve Luce and Peter Hemstad for helping to maintain the mapping families used in this study; Mani Awale for phenotyping flower sex at the South Dakota State University breeding program; Steve Bogdanowicz for helpful discussions when designing the wet lab techniques and barcoding strategy; and the Cornell University Biotechnology Resource Center for providing the necessary infrastructure and personnel to generate the raw genetic data analyzed and presented here. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4322950 We would like to thank Mr Pui-On Li for his contribution in study design and data collection of the study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5359828 We would like to thank officers and research nurses from the Clinical Research Network: South London (Michael Kelly and Amy McLachlan), York Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (Christopher Rhymes, Andy Gibson, Monica Wright and Zoe Coleman) and Clinical Research Network: Wales (Lynda Sackett) for their help with recruitment and assessment of participants to the feasibility trial. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5757492 We would like to thank Oi Ting Ho, Yan Lam Kwong, Yumi Sato, Wai Man Yim, and Wai Ying Yung for their assistance in data collection for this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5490419 We would like to thank Olga Laskina for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5810451 We would like to thank Olivia Dean for her input and English review in this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6050628 We would like to thank Pascal Hasenfratz, Laura Martin, Simona Capomolla, Maria Giraldo, Silvio Binkert and Christelle Jablonski for the preparation of starting materials, Catherine Karrer for LYSA, Aynur Ekiciler for log D and Bjoern Wagner for pKa measurements. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6220650 We would like to thank Paulo Almeida (STABVida) for technical support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5500945 We would like to thank Peter Foote for proofreading the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5686062 We would like to thank Peter Kosa and Kayla Jackson for their contribution to the final edits of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6141739 We would like to thank Pia Andersson and Ann-Charlotte Strömdahl for expert technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4596338 We would like to thank Possibility Place Nursery and Wildtype Native Plant Nursery for supplying plants, Rob Eddy and Daniel Hahn for assistance with plant growth and maintenance, Michael Gosney for technical advice, data collection assistance and figure formatting, and Robert Joly for reviewing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5859887 We would like to thank Pratyush Tiwary and Omar Valsson for their helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5868320 We would like to thank Professor David MacMillan, Michael VanHeyst, and Roy Helmy, for insightful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6121143 We would like to thank Professor Hanne Christensen for reviewing the manuscript and we are indebted to the staff at the Neurovascular Centre, Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital for their help in collecting data. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6050592 We would like to thank Professor Heather Allen, Ellen Adams, Bethany Rudd and Kimberly Carter for their insights regarding monolayer preparation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4086007 We would like to thank Professor Suzanne Delport for giving us access to the neonatal database and for confirming the diagnosis of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy in those babies affected. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4923163 We would like to thank Rajiv Ramaswamy (National Brain Research Centre, India) for proof reading and necessary language editing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5893646 We would like to thank Ravindra De Silva, PhD and Michael Mueller for their technical assistance in creating the 11C-flumazenil radioligand, as well as the Colorado Translational Research Imaging Center for their support. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5356503 We would like to thank referee 2 for stimulating discussions during the revision stage of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5444112 We would like to thank Rike Adams, Martin Machat, Markus Pschenitza and Christina Schwarzenböck for the valuable discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 546202 We would like to thank Ruby Teng and Moya Chin for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4629950 We would like to thank Sabine Schanzer for her assistance with isolating the dendritic cells, and Heike Richter for her support for performing the laser scanning microscopy images. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5852073 We would like to thank Satoshi Saito and Yumi Yamamoto for useful discussions and providing their expertise on experimental techniques. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4346295 We would like to thank Selina Allu (CANN-NET) and Sarah Gill (CANN-NET) for their help with this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4866402 We would like to thank Selina Allu for her work in preparation for and coordination of the symposium and its participants. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2938030 We would like to thank Sevasti Bostantjopou-lou, Luc Defebvre, Bulent Elibol, Joaquim Ferreira, Spiros Konitstotis, Jaime Kulisevsky, Rosario Luquin, Johannes Van Hilten, and Marc Verin for their helpful comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3858815 We would like to thank Sofia Campos, Luke Miller, Jamie Lukos, Markus Plank, and Joseph Snider for their help with equipment setup and data collection, as well as all the volunteers who participated in this study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2685233 We would like to thank staff and administration at the Miami Jewish Home and Hospital for their cooperation and provision of space for conducting exercise and functional testing. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6110896 We would like to thank study nurse Nancy Wochnik-Dohmen for technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5339283 We would like to thank Tanja Sutter for administrative help, and Svetlana Hetjens for her statistical comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6154431 We would like to thank the Australian Hotels Association SA and Clubs SA for the open access to their venues and staff. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4801862 We would like to thank the blood donors, Carolynne Stanley for subject recruitment and blood collection, Jason Mooney for help with figure design, Christian Bottomley for guidance with statistical analyses, and Elizabeth King for assistance with flow cytometry. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5641345 We would like to thank the Cell and Tissue Imaging Core Facility of Nantes University (MicroPICell) for their assistance with histological sample preparation and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6232301 We would like to thank the CHDI Foundation for granting us access to the Enroll-HD periodic datasets. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2613138 We would like to thank the external reviewers for their insightful editorial comments. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3845018 We would like to thank the following individuals at Newcastle University for their support and editorial assistance in the preparation of this review: Jean Norden (Senior Biomedical Scientist supported by Leukemia and Lymphoma Research), Xiao-nong Wang (Senior Lecturer supported by Newcastle University), and Rachel Culpin (Research Associate supported by Newcastle University and North East Promenaders Against Cancer). Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4476207 We would like to thank the Italian Society of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology (SIAAIC) for the generous support in finalizing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5125373 We would like to thank the Laboratory for Molecular Simulation at Texas A&M University for providing software and computer time. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6153972 We would like to thank the local principal investigators and staff from all study sites namely, Rajavithi Hospital, Mettapracharak (Wat Rai Khing) Hospital, Srinagarind Hospital, Siriraj Hospital, Ramathibodi Hospital, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Chulalongkorn Hospital, and Maharaj Nakorn Chiangmai Hospital and Medical Research Network (MedResNet) for facilitating this research and giving invaluable technical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6058037 We would like to thank the members of the ANU Bioinformatics Consultancy Unit, JCSMR, for their help in the analysis of the RNAseq data, as well as the funding agency Retina Australia for supporting this work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6050540 We would like to thank the Muir, MacMillan, Sorensen, Yang, Doyle and Hackenberger labs for sharing chemicals, equipment, and expertise. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 2391146 We would like to thank the participating drug services and interviewees for their contribution to this research, as well as Beryl Poole for her specialist advice and Dr Isobel Kessler for her contribution to the early stages of the project. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5980955 We would like to thank the patients for agreeing to allow use of their available clinical data for scientific use and publication. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6256357 We would like to thank the staff at Synchrotron Radiation Light Source (SSRL) (beamline 12-2) for their excellent support during data collections and Dr Gye Won Han for her advice on the refinement and checking the quality of the final structure. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4036075 We would like to thank the staff at the Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory at the Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, the Surrey Sleep Research Centre, and the Surrey Clinical Research Centre for their help in data collection and entry. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4782156 We would like to thank the staff of the BioMedical Imaging Facility of the University of New South Wales for their help in setting up the microscopes and data acquisition. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5868307 We would like to thank the Stanford Computing Resources for providing us with access to the Sherlock and Xstream GPU nodes. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6131768 We would like to thank the study participants for their contribution to the research as well as the Insite’s staff for their administrative assistance and support during data collection. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 1569828 We would like to thank the World Health Organisation, Health Evidence Network for allowing the original synthesis to be edited. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5916021 We would like to thank the X-ray crystallographic facility and the Biophysics facility at the Department of Biochemistry for support and access to equipment. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5719740 We would like to thank Thomas Kerr for his feedback on an earlier version of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6193103 We would like to thank Ulrike Horn for helpful comments on the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6115679 We would like to thank UPM, RAIZ - Forest and Paper Research Institute (Portugal), Celbi Pulp and Paper (Portugal), ECN (Netherlands) and Smurfit Kappa (Netherlands) for kindly donating lignin and black liquor samples. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5868320 We would like to thank Valerie Shurtleff for the preparation of unnatural (–)-frondosin B using the MacMillan route. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6277508 We would like to thank Yong-Chih Chiu, Chia-Jung Chin, and Hsiao-Chin Lin for their expert statistical assistance. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5059924 WNR, RR and SC contributed to literature search and to the writing of the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6033962 Wojciech Jachymek and Tomasz Niedziela from the Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wroclaw, Poland are acknowledged for their assistance during anaphylaxis-like endotoxic shock induction in vivo. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 3634983 Writing and editorial assistance were provided by Elena Garonna of PAREXEL, who was contracted by Boehringer Ingelheim for these services. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4488474 Writing and editorial support was provided by Terri Schochet, PhD, of AlphaBioCom, LLC, and was funded by Daiichi Sankyo. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6038250 Writing support for the preparation of this manuscript was provided by Carl Rice, Professor of English, Bari, Italy and by Ippolita Zaza from University of Bari, Italy. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4143594 Wrote or contributed to the writing of the manuscript: Nosek, Coester, Roepstorff, Haahr and Heise. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5975925 WS Chu acknowledges NSFC project (11275227, 11179006), the MSnano project, and a European-funded network working on the modelling of spectroscopies within the multiple scattering framework. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5120539 WZ conducted statistical analysis and prepared tables. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5307648 YC contributed to data collection and data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5307648 YC has experience conducting field surveys and data analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4721137 YC performed purification of decidual and peripheral blood CD4+ T cells, their cultures, and flow cytometry experiments and analysis. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6055111 Yeung is acknowledged for her helpful discussions and her help in finalizing the manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4210645 YF and LH: co-led the conceptualization, design, development, and implementation of this research protocol and contributed to the writing of this manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 4143596 Ylva Ginsberg, Torben Arngrim, and Alexandra Philipsen contributed to data collection and data interpretation. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5422873 YM, TNS, NC, and JY performed the analysis and interpreted the results. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5139087 YMS, TNS, and WHH oversaw the implementation of study. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5422873 YMS, TNS, NC, NPEK, WK, and SMC conducted the field work. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5422873 YMS, TNS, NPEK, NC, WT, JY, SMC, and MJ contributed to the writing of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6253684 YS also thanks Yirong Mo, Jiali Gao, Yajun Liu, Wenjian Liu, Yingkai Zhang and Vardhan Satalkar for helpful discussions. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5514477 Zhang for numerous stimulating discussions and collaborations in this field. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5958345 Zoher Gueroui and Christophe Sandt are gratefully acknowledged for access to the fluorescence and FTIR microscopes respectively. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6233599 ZR has consulted for data interpretation and manuscript drafting. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 5693550 AOW and MO abstracted data from databases. Peer interactive communication and Technical Support 6235000 A poster reporting a preliminary analysis of this topic was presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) congress in Madrid, Spain; 8–12 September, 2017. Presentation 5670355 A preliminary analysis of the data reported in this work was presented in condensed form at the XII SIAMOC Conference and at the XVI International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders. Presentation 5524831 A preliminary analysis of the data reported in this work was presented in condensed form at the XVII SIAMOC Conference (49). Presentation 6199234 AcknowledgmentsAn earlier version of this work was presented as an abstract in Growth Factors, Cell Adhesion and Matrix Biology, Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2017. Presentation 6167408 A conference abstract based on preliminary data of the present work was published at the ENDO 2018, which was held by the Endocrine Society at Chicago, IL between March 17 and March 20, 2018. Presentation 5016551 A draft of this article was presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America in 2015. Presentation 5591422 A limited amount of data regarding this subject was presented at the XVth International Symposium on Amyloidosis and has recently been published in a proceedings supplement (56). Presentation 6176084 A part of this study has been selected as oral presentation at the 2018 Meeting of the Endocrine Society (Chicago). Presentation 1175881 A part of this study was presented and awarded a prize at the 17th Annual Congress of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 10 to 13 October, 2004 (Intensive Care Med 2004, 30 (Suppl 1):S32, abstract no 504). Presentation 5501553 A portion of the results from this study was presented in abstract form at the International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine in Brussels (2014). Presentation 5964132 A portion of these data were previously published as a conference paper supplement (41). Presentation 5900745 A poster focusing on hospital beds and hospital‿acquired infection was presented at the Health Economists' Study Group (HESG) Winter 2016 Conference in Manchester, UK. Presentation 4231931 A poster on this study data was presented in 2011 at the American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions. Presentation 5733910 A poster presentation with interim findings was presented at the 33rd International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology & Therapeutic Risk Management, Palais des congrès de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, August 26–30, 2017. Presentation 3599177 A poster was presented at ECR 2012. Presentation 4819272 A preliminary draft of this paper was presented at Australia National University in January 2015 and at National Yang-Ming University (Taiwan) in August 2015. Presentation 5123723 A previous version of this work was presented at the British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2015. Presentation 5808700 A second-line treatment only subset of these data was presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology Congress (2016). Presentation 5757492 A short conference paper was published by Wu et al in Lecture Notes on Computer Science. Presentation 5120085 A subset of these data was presented at the 2016 American Thoracic Society international conference in San Francisco, CA, USA. Presentation 5496974 A version of this paper was first presented at the conference, “Making Microbes Complex,‿ at Queen Mary University of London on July 7–9, 2016, and benefited greatly from the comments and feedback of the participants. Presentation 5063591 Abstract accepted and presented at the American Society for Nutrition’s (ASN) Advances and Controversies in Clinical Nutrition Conference, CA 2015, USA. Presentation 6267735 Abstract was also presented in Danish at PROgram for Clinical Research INfrastructure (PROCRIN) Symposium 2017, Aarhus, Denmark, as a poster and conference talk with interim findings without the publication of abstract. Presentation 5409189 Abstracts presented at the 2016 American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting, June 3–7, 2016, Chicago, IL. Presentation 4338618 AcknowledgementPresented in part as an oral platform presentation at the Society of Critical Care Medicine Meeting January 20, 2013: Critical Care Medicine. Presentation 4462508 AcknowledgementThis paper is based on a lecture presented at the Workshop on Medical Communication, Cluj, 27–29 March 2013; part of this has been published in the proceedings of this meeting. Presentation 4632879 AcknowledgementThis paper was presented and published under the frame of European Social Fund, Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007–2013, project no. Presentation 5510926 AcknowledgmentAn oral presentation of this study was given at the June 2016 ADA Scientific Sessions in New Orleans, La. Presentation 4008250 Acknowledgments There is no financial grant availed from any source, and the abstract has been sent for presentation in AACA Annual Conference 2013 at Denver, USA, during July 9–13. Presentation 5806592 Acknowledgments: A preliminary version of this work was presented at the MidWinter Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology in February, 2017. Presentation 6174313 AcknowledgmentsA part of this work was accepted for presentation in the poster viewing session in ESTRO 37th Annual Meeting in Spain. Presentation 3890216 AcknowledgmentsA portion of the data from this manuscript was presented at the 6th Annual Vaccine Renaissance Conference of the Institute for Immunology and Informatics in Providence, RI, October 15–17, 2012. Presentation 6214335 AcknowledgmentsAn abstract of preliminary study results was presented at the ASH Annual Meeting 2017 as a poster presentation. Presentation 5748081 AcknowledgmentsAn earlier version of this work was presented as a poster at Jahreskongress SGGG Beaulieu Convention Center, Lausanne, 2017. Presentation 4789298 AcknowledgmentsEarlier versions of this article have been presented at workshops at the California Center for Population Research, UCLA, the School of Humanities and Social Science at HKUST, as well as at the European Population Conference 2012. Presentation 4073914 AcknowledgmentsParts of the data acquired in this study were presented at the Meeting of the European Academy of Facial Plastic Surgery (EAFPS) in Rome, May 2012, and won the first prize for best e-poster presentation at the German Academy meeting for Aesthetic Surgery (GÄCD in Freiburg, 2012, and Munich, 2013) and at the Austrian Academy meeting for Otorhinolaryngology 2012 in St Pölten. Presentation 5968783 AcknowledgmentsParts of this study were featured in a poster presented at the 2017 European Society for Medical Oncology Congress; the abstract is published and is available in the Annals of Oncology (2017) 28 (suppl_5): v74-v108. Presentation 4659439 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract and part of the results of the study were presented at the European Cancer Congress (ECCO) in Vienna in 2015, and the presented abstract was subsequently published in the European Journal of Cancer’s Abstract Book for the ECCO. Presentation 5898881 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract for this article was presented as a poster presentation at the annual PhD day at Aarhus University, January 2017. Presentation 6233859 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this article was presented at the Canadian Digestive Diseases Week 2018 and Digestive Disease Week 2018 as posters with interim findings. Presentation 6087016 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this manuscript was presented at 2011 ASCO Annual Meeting. Presentation 5448698 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at IDWeek 2015 as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6267735 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the 13th International Congress of European Union Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) 2017 as a conference talk with interim findings. Presentation 4853009 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology Conference as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5003522 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the American Academy of Dermatology 74th Annual Meeting as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5476433 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting 2016 as a conference talk with interim findings. Presentation 6161740 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the European Respiratory Society as a conference talk with interim findings. Presentation 6278708 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the ASCO Annual Meeting, USA (June 2017), as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 4547653 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the ERS Conference 2011 as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6177520 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) Annual Meeting 2016 as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6159809 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the Swiss Orthopedics Conference 2018 (Montreux) as a conference talk with interim findings. Presentation 5908340 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract of this paper was presented at the XXXI Conference of the Società Italiana di Geriatria Ospedale Territorio as oral presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6199966 AcknowledgmentsThe abstract was presented as poster at the EBCOG meeting 2016 in Torino, Italy, and is available online. Presentation 3161696 AcknowledgmentsThe data from this study were previously presented as poster at the German Society for Oncology Annual meeting 2006, Berlin. Presentation 6219098 AcknowledgmentsThe preliminary data of this work were presented at 2018 Audiology Now in American Academy of Audiology (Nashville, TN, USA). Presentation 5856059 AcknowledgmentsThe study reported in this article has been presented at the 21th IAGG World Congress in San Francisco (2017). Presentation 6047857 AcknowledgmentsThe study was presented at the Merz Expert Summit (MEXS), Montreal, QC, Canada, November 10–12, 2017. Presentation 6225921 AcknowledgmentsThis abstract of this paper was presented at the 2018 APPLE Conference as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5500485 AcknowledgmentsThis paper was presented at the 2017 ASCO Annual Meeting held at Chicago, USA, on June 2–6, 2017, as a publication-only abstract with interim findings. Presentation 5942396 AcknowledgmentsThis paper was presented at the 2017 European Society for Medical Oncology as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5457126 AcknowledgmentsThis study was presented as a poster at the Controversies in Ophthalmology congress in March 2017, Lisbon. Presentation 5759845 AcknowledgmentsThis study was presented as a scientific poster at the 2017 Annual Meeting of Euroanesthesia on June 3, 2017, in Switzerland, Geneva. Presentation 4433077 AcknowledgmentsThis study was presented at the American Society of Health System Pharmacists Midyear Meeting in December 2012. Presentation 6298389 AcknowledgmentsThis study was presented in part as an oral abstract at 14th National Congress of Radiation Oncology and China Society for Radiation Oncology & The Sino-American Network for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (CSTRO-SANTRO) new technology and application in radiation oncology (OR-067; Abstract ID, 808544), November 10–12, 2017. Presentation 3678426 AcknowledgmentThis paper is presented in poster format, in American College of Radiation Oncology 2013, San Antonio, February 14–16, 2013. Presentation 6147159 An ABRCMS Travel Award (KGN) to present this work at the Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minority Students, Seattle WA November 12–15, 2015 is acknowledged. Presentation 6135075 An abstract for a poster presentation was submitted and accepted for the Society of Nuclear Medicine Meeting, May 2016. Presentation 4485794 An abstract of preliminary study results on the first 75 patients was accepted as a poster in British Geriatrics Society (BGS) Autumn Meeting 2014, 15–17th October, Brighton, UK. Presentation 6296188 An abstract of this paper was presented as an e-poster presentation with interim findings at the 19th International Meeting of the European Society of Gynecological Oncology; October 24–27, 2015; Nice, France. Presentation 6280890 An abstract of this paper was presented at the 24th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Radiation Oncology; June 21-24, 2018, Leipzig, Germany. Presentation 5743176 An abstract of this research was presented as a supplement in Alzheimer’s and Dementia, July 2015, Volume 11, Issue 7, Supplement, Pages P575–P576. Presentation 5952915 An abstract of this study was presented at the proceedings of the 2016 American College of Gastroenterology conference in Las Vegas, NV, and received a Presidential Poster Award. Presentation 5868626 An abstract of this work has previously been published at the Victorian Allied Health Research Symposium 2017. Presentation 4190680 An abstract of this work was presented as a poster at the 49th annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Barcelona, Spain, 23–27th September 2013. Presentation 5987855 An analysis of these data was previously presented at the European Society of Medical Oncology 2015 Congress in Vienna, Austria, and at the 22nd Annual National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2017 Conference in Orlando, Florida. Presentation 5811876 An earlier version of the paper was presented at the HEB‿HERO workshop held on 20−21 March at Geilo, Norway in 2012, and the authors are grateful to Tor Helge HolmÃ¥s, Ivar Sønby Kristiansen and the workshop participants for their helpful comments. Presentation 6301730 An earlier version of this article was presented as a poster at the 34th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management (ICPE) in Prague, Czech Republic, August 22–26, 2018. Presentation 3212419 An earlier version of this data was presented at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the International Congress for Behavioral Medicine, in Washington, DC. Presentation 3178026 An earlier version of this work was presented at the American Anthropological Association meeting in Philadelphia in December 2009. Presentation 5803279 An early version of this research was presented as part of the “Managing, Presentation 5306245 An initial draft was presented at the 2015 annual meeting of the Population Association of America, where it received useful input from the discussant Emelie Smith-Greenway. Presentation 5943505 An oral presentation of the research was made at the Symposium German/UK/Irish Meeting of the Young Investigators Network at the Deutsche Ophthalmologische Gesellshaft (DOG) Scientific Association of Ophthalmology in September 2016, and posters were presented at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Annual Congress 2016 and the Rosetrees PhD Research Symposium 2016. Presentation 6291460 Art examples from some patients were presented at the 20th Congress on Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders. Presentation 5786574 Aspects of this work were presented at the 10th International Conference on Cancer Stem Cells and Oncology Research, 26th-28th June 2017, London, UK. Presentation 5337496 Aspects of this work were presented at the Australia and New Zealand Head & Neck Cancer Society Annual Scientific Meeting and the International Federation of Head and Neck Oncologic Societies 2016 World Tour, 25-27 October 2016, Auckland, New Zealand. Presentation 5459876 Aspects of this work were presented at the Australia and New Zealand Head & Neck Cancer Society’s Annual Scientific Meeting and the International Federation of Head and Neck Oncologic Societies 2016 World Tour, 25–27 October 2016, Auckland, New Zealand. Presentation 5558723 Availability of data and materialsThe data were presented at the 29th Congress of SIAAIC in Naples on April 15 2016. Presentation 5391813 Data from this study were presented as a poster (Abstract 1040-P) at the American Diabetes Association’s 75th Scientific Sessions, 5–9 June 2015, in Boston, Mass. Presentation 5087771 Details of this study were presented at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting, and appeared in abstract form in the Journal of Clinical Oncology (volume 33, 2015). Presentation 4889776 Earlier versions of the paper were presented at the Cancer Cultures Conference at the Anthropology Department at University College London, the Royal Geographical Society's Annual Conference and the British International Studies Association's Annual Conference. Presentation 5370396 Earlier versions of this article have been presented at the conference of the Society for Economic Anthropology at the University of Kentucky in Lexington in April 2015 and at the Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies (FRIAS) in June 2015. Presentation 5016555 Earlier versions of this article were presented at the Cambridge Social Stratification Seminar (2012) and the ISA RC28 Spring Meeting (2013). Presentation 4740731 Earlier versions of this article were presented at the University of Wisconsin, November 2012; and at the University of Chicago, February 2013, at a conference on inequality and segregation sponsored by the Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group. Presentation 6055741 Earlier versions of this paper have been presented at the EuroQol Group conference (Berlin, 2016) and the Health Economists' Study Group meeting (Birmingham, 2017). Presentation 6040600 Earlier versions of this work were presented to the American Academy of Neurology in 2014 and 2015, as well as the National Capital Area Traumatic Brain Injury Conference in 2014 and 2015 (30–33). Presentation 5047943 Earlier versions were presented at the Rockwool Foundation, University of Copenhagen, NordForsk meeting in Oslo, Swedish Institute for Social Research, Stockholm University, and Oxford University. Presentation 5220605 E-poster presentationPreliminary data for this manuscript were presented at ESICM Lives 2012 as an e-poster: 0321â€‿Safety and Efficacy of Whole-body-vibration in Critically Ill Patients. Presentation 5827054 It is registered at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (No: 93/3-9/17) and was presented and defended in Jan 2016. Presentation 3742423 It was presented at the 46th Annual Midyear Clinical Meeting of the American Society of Health System Pharmacists, New Orleans, LA, USA, 6 December 2011. Presentation 2646329 It was presented in part at the 28th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Brussels, 18 to 21 March, 2008. Presentation 6267125 Its beginnings date back to a conference held in 2014 at the Institute for Advanced Study on Media Cultures of Computer Simulation (MECS, DFG-Kollegforschergruppe KFOR 1927) at Leuphana University in Lüneburg, and its topic engages with an on-going project on the use of computation, simulation, and visualization in modern biology in the context of this DFG-funded research initiative. Presentation 6032944 Portions of these data were presented at the 2015 5th International Conference on Development and Learning and on Epigenetic Robotics, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. Presentation 5332037 Portions of this paper were presented at the HHMI Studio meeting, held in Chevy Chase, MD, in June 2015, and at the AACU/Project Kaleidoscope meeting, held in Seattle, WA, in November 2015. Presentation 5694418 Preliminary data from this study were presented as a poster at the 15th International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of HIV and Hepatitis Therapy, Washington, DC, May 19–21, 2014. Presentation 4915296 Preliminary data of this work was presented at the 2016 Annual Conference of American Auditory Society (Scottsdale, AZ, USA). Presentation 6037727 Preliminary data were presented at the 47th Annual ESDR Meeting 2017 in Salzburg. Presentation 4536648 Preliminary findings from this study were presented at two meetings and published in abstracts: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Diabetes Translation Diabetes Prevention and Control Program Directors Meeting in October 2010 and the American Public Health Association 140th Annual Meeting in October 2012. Presentation 6234812 Preliminary findings were presented at the 2016 American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting in Washington, DC, and at the 2017 AAMC Annual Meeting in Boston, MA. Presentation 5560743 Preliminary report of this work was presented at the SFN conference in 2016, San Diego, CA. Presentation 3599177 Preliminary reports were originally presented at SPIE Medical Imaging 2011, but since then a complete analysis of the data has been applied and the manuscript has been rewritten. Presentation 4823318 Preliminary results from this study were presented at the 2012 American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (ASCPT) Annual Meeting; March 12–17, 2012; National Harbor, MD, USA. Presentation 3108281 Preliminary results from this study were presented at the Munich Educational Conference for Dermatology, 21 July 2008. Presentation 1269463 Preliminary results of the study were presented in abstract form at the 2003 American Thoracic Society International Conference, Seattle, WA, USA. Presentation 5360720 Preliminary results of this research was presented at IMPROCUSH-1 2014 Improving Outcome of Cushing’s Syndrome (Carl Friedrich von Siemens Stiftung, Munich) as an Oral presentation (A3) and awarded with a grant. Presentation 4003146 Preliminary results of this study were presented as a poster at the 2013 annual meeting of the American Geriatrics Society. Presentation 5816742 Preliminary results of this study were presented as an abstract at the 2016 Digestive Disease Week (22). Presentation 1550853 Preliminary results of this study were presented at the 44th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (Washington, DC, 2004; abstract D-57). Presentation 5052302 Preliminary results of this study were presented orally at a scientific session and as a poster at ECR 2015. Presentation 5261549 Preliminary results of this work were presented as a poster at the 32nd International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology & Therapeutic Risk Management (ICPE) in Dublin (August 25–28, 2016). Presentation 5439937 Preliminary results of this work were published as an abstract in “ISAN 2015: First International Joint Meeting ISAN – AAS – EFAS – JSNR 2015,‿ held in Stresa, Italy. Presentation 5973628 Preliminary versions of these data were published in abstract communication and poster presentation at the European Dialysis and Transplant Association (EDTA) conference, June 3–6, 2017 in Madrid, Spain. Presentation 5856050 Preliminary, partial results of this study were presented at the 32nd International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology & Therapeutic Risk Management, Dublin, August 25–28, 2016, and were published in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Volume 25, Issue Supplement S3. Presentation 5159991 PresentationWe presented these results at the AHA Scientific Sessions Resuscitation Science Symposium on 12 November 2016. Presentation 4209080 Presented in abstracted form during the 36th Annual Meeting of the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists 29 March 2014 to 2 April 2014, New Orleans, LA, USA. Presentation 4404967 Presented in part as poster at the 32nd Conference on Applied Statistics in Ireland, May 2012, Dundalk, Ireland. Presentation 5409189 Previous or duplicate publication: Presented as posters at the 2016 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, January 21–23, 2016, San Francisco, CA. Presentation 2850517 Previous presentation Presented at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) in 2008. Presentation 5111750 Previous versions of this article were presented at the 41st Arnova Conference, Indianapolis, November 17, 2012, and the CAGE/CMPO Conference ‘Generosity and Well‿being’, Warwick University, April 10, 2013. Presentation 2688145 Results from this study have been presented in either abstract or oral presentation at the Society of Critical Care Medicine Annual Congress (Hawaii, 2008). Presentation 4486749 Results were presented at the 36th annual meeting of the Society for Clinical Vascular Surgery, Las Vegas, NV, USA, March 3–5, 2008. Presentation 6060565 Sections of the abstract were previously published in the conference proceedings of the 2016 Society of Behavioral Medicine, Washington DC. Presentation 5446958 Selected data in this article were previously presented at 2015 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), Abstract 851257, P1-10-17, poster presentation. Presentation 4074306 SK presented this work as an abstract at the 30th International Epilepsy Congress held in Montreal, Canada on 23rd–27th June 2013. Presentation 5630699 Some of the data appearing in this manuscript was first published as an abstract and poster (P435) at ECTRIMS 2016, London. Presentation 5743911 Some of the data described was included in abstracts presented at the Infectious Disease Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Conference 2016 and the American Academy of Immunology Conference in 2013. Presentation 4118027 Some of the information presented here was first presented at the European Conference on Head and Neck Oncology, organized by the Europe Head and Neck Society, in Poznan Poland, April 18–21, 2012. Presentation 2695870 Some of these data were presented at the European Winter Conference on Brain Research, 2008. Presentation 6204381 Some of these data were presented by AT at the 20th International World Muscle Society Congress. Presentation 4863905 Some study subjects had been previously presented at the ECR in 2011. Presentation 5021717 Some study subjects or cohorts have been previously reported in an oral presentation at ECR 2014, B-0935. Presentation 6257080 Some very early results of the project were also presented at the Dementia & Ageing seminar organized by the Dementia Services Development Centre, at the University of Stirling on February 1, 2017. Presentation 3944995 The abstract for this paper was accepted for presentation at the AASLD meeting in November 2013. Presentation 5878662 The abstract for this paper was presented at the 16th Biennial European Conference of the Society for Medical Decision Making, June 12–14, 2016 and at the Health Services Research UK Symposium July 6–7, 2017. Presentation 6029610 The abstract for this paper was presented at the 46th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society for Academic Primary Care, Warwick University, July 12–14, 2017. Presentation 4246925 The abstract for this paper was presented at the 4th annual meeting of the American Delirium Society in June 2014. Presentation 6055836 The abstract of the poster was published in the Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie, 2018; volume 49(1). Presentation 6078082 The abstract of this article was presented at the International Liver Congress 2016 as an abstract presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5066692 The abstract of this article was presented at the World Ophthalmology Congress, Tokyo, 2014, name PO 404 as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6161724 The abstract of this paper and part of the work were presented as a poster in the American Thoracic Society 2017 International Conference in Washington, DC on May 19, 2017 – May 24, 2017. Presentation 4849420 The abstract of this paper has been published in advance of a presentation to be given at JSM2016 in Chicago. Presentation 6245350 The abstract of this paper was presented at the 18th International Symposium on Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (ISPNO 2018) as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5691921 The abstract of this paper was presented at the 2017 DRS Annual Meeting as an oral presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5783017 The abstract of this paper was presented at the 24th Asia Pacific Cancer Conference 2017, Radiation-Induced Second Malignancies Evaluation Following Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6296683 The abstract of this paper was presented at the 24th European Conference on General Thoracic Surgery Conference name The Number of Resected Lymph Nodes is Associated With the Long-Term Survival Outcome in Patients with Pathologic T2a N0 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6278721 The abstract of this paper was presented at the 8th edition European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC), which took place on 11–14 April, in Geneva, Switzerland, as Poster presentation (display) with interim findings. Presentation 5505157 The abstract of this paper was presented at the “Journée des Doctorants de l’Ecole Doctorale‿, which took place at the Université Catholique de Louvain in September 2016. Presentation 4807894 The abstract of this paper was presented at the AIDS 2014 Conference as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6029592 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference 2014 under the name “Agitated behaviors among elderly people with dementia living in their home in Taiwan‿ as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6156114 The abstract of this paper was presented at the American Geriatrics Society 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6101016 The abstract of this paper was presented at the European Lung Cancer Congress as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 6183694 The abstract of this paper was presented at the fifth Annual International Conference on Chemistry as a conference talk with interim findings. Presentation 5713681 The abstract of this paper was presented at the ISPOR 19th Annual European Congress as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5661446 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Liver Meeting held by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), November 11–15, 2016, Boston, MA, as an oral presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5963487 The abstract of this paper was presented at the NHMRC’s National Institute for Dementia Research Australian Dementia Forum in Melbourne, VIC, Australia in October 2017 as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5602377 The abstract of this paper was presented at the Nordic Epi Congress in September 2017 as a poster presentation with final findings. Presentation 5743114 The abstract of this paper was presented on October 19, 2017, as a poster presentation with interim findings at the “1st Cooperation congress of Reha Schweiz and Physioswiss‿ in Davos, Switzerland. Presentation 5894745 The abstract was accepted as a poster in the 2016 ASCO meeting. Presentation 1751075 The abstract was presented as a poster presentation at the Society of Critical Care Medicine Congress (Phoenix, AZ, USA) on 17 January 2005. Presentation 5366933 The abstract was presented at the European Congress of Endocrinology, 28th–31st May 2016. Presentation 6183694 The abstract was published in Abstract Book: 5th Annual International Conference on Chemistry; ISBN: 978-960-598-161-7. Presentation 2592751 The abstract was published in Intensive Care Medicine 2006, 0915 (suppl. Presentation 5985785 The abstract was published in Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 32, Issue supplement 3, May 1, 2017. Presentation 6161740 The abstract was published in the European Respiratory Journal 2017 (suppl. Presentation 5973632 The abstract was published in the European Respiratory Journal; 2016;(suppl 60):OA 3315. Presentation 5500485 The abstract was published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology in 2017 volume 35 supplement. Presentation 4243000 The data have been presented in part at the International Society of Pharmacovigilance Annual Meeting, 1–5 October 2013, Pisa. Presentation 5924962 The data presented in this paper were first presented in poster form at the 2017 Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening Annual Conference. Presentation 4421996 The data reported here were presented, in part, at the Sixth Advances Against Aspergillosis Meeting, Madrid, Spain, 27 February through 1 March 2014 (poster presentation); the 2014 MYK meeting (poster presentation); and IDWeek 2014, 8–12 October 2014, Philadelphia, PA, USA (poster presentation). Presentation 5486528 The data was presented in part at the SOG 2015. Presentation 3071948 The data were presented at the Fourth European Congress on Head and Neck Oncology 2010, Athens, Greece. Presentation 4395141 The results from this study were presented at the 2014 Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America, Boise, Idaho. Presentation 5898891 The results in this study were presented in poster form at the 6th Oriental Congress of Nephrology 2016 (1 September to 4 September, Shanghai, China). Presentation 3101345 The results of this study have been accepted for scientific poster presentation at the ECR Congress 2009 in Vienna, AustriaFunding This study was funded in part by College voor Zorgverzekeringen (Dutch Health Insurance Board). Presentation 5292973 The results of this study have partially been presented in an oral communication at the 98th Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society in Boston, MA, April 1–4, 2016. Presentation 1175934 The results of this study were in part presented at the ESICM meeting in Rome in 1999. Presentation 3469740 The results of this study were presented at Digestive Disease Week 2011 (Chicago). Presentation 1175884 The results of this study were presented in part at the 100th ATS International Conference (2004; Orlando, FL, USA). Presentation 5250654 The results of this study were presented in part at the 2013 Annual Meeting of American Conference of Cancer Research (AACR) (6–10 April 2013, Washington, DC, USA). Presentation 29047 The results of this study were presented in part at the 20th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Brussels, 2000. Presentation 4574463 The results reported here were previously presented in abstract form at the 2014 European Society of Intensive Care Medicine annual meeting in Barcelona . Presentation 3879822 The results were originally presented in a poster format at the WFSBP Congress 2011, Prague, 29 May–2 June 2011 . Presentation 3431464 The results were presented before on the congress of the Cervical Spine Research Society Europe (CRSR-e) in 2010 on which occasion this abstract was rewarded with the Mario Boni Award. Presentation 4264255 These data in part have been accepted for presentation at the 24th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), 10 to 13 May 2014, Barcelona, Spain. Presentation 526761 These data presented in part at the XIIth World Congress on Human Reproduction, 10–13 March 2005 (International Academy of Human Reproduction-Venice, Italy) Presentation 3784061 These data were presented in part at the 13th Annual Scientific meeting of the Heart Failure Society of America, September 2009, Boston, MA, USA. Presentation 5403425 These data were presented in part at the 2016 American Association of Immunologists Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, USA, and at IDWeek 2015, San Diego, CA, USA. Presentation 4335607 These data were presented in part at the October 2013 and October 2014 annual scientific meetings of the International Psychogeriatric Association. Presentation 4644242 These data were presented, in part, at the Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists; October 23–27, 2011; Washington, DC, USA. Presentation 4862136 These data were previously presented and discussed at a meeting of the PLUG group (PLeUral pressure working Group, Acute Respiratory Failure section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Milan, Italy, 2015). Presentation 5295802 These data were previously presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in 2011. Presentation 6294078 This abstract was selected for online publication presenting interim findings only, at the 2018 ASCO Annual Meeting, taking place on June 1–5, 2018, at the McCormick Place Convention Center in Chicago, Illi-nois (Abstract Submission ID: 211471; Password: 210783). Presentation 3059821 This article is a revised version of an address presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America in Dallas, Texas on April 16, 2010. Presentation 5992242 This article is a revised version presented at the 22nd FISS International Conference (June, 2015, Hong Kong) and at the 2015 United Conference on Social Policy (October, 2015, Osong, Korea). Presentation 2607113 This article is based on a presentation made at a satellite symposium, 'Severe community-acquired pneumonia update: mortality, mechanisms and medical intervention', held on 21 April 2008 in Barcelona, Spain as part of the 18th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID). Presentation 3066252 This article was developed on the basis of the authors’ presentations and discussions at “Overcoming Barriers to COPD Identification and Management‿, held in New York, NY, USA, 23–24 March 2009. Presentation 5898272 This article was presented at a Durham Geography postgraduate seminar in August 2013 organised by Ruth Machen, Lizzie Richardson and Simon Beer and then at the 2013 Royal Geographical Society–Institute of British Geographers (RGS-IBG) conference in ‘Ambiance and Atmospheres: Encountering New Material Frontiers’, organised by Paul Simpson, Peter Adey and Damien Masson. Presentation 6047542 This case was presented at the Joint Conference of IAP/JPS/AOPA 2016 in Sendai. Presentation 5442251 This conference report summarizes the presentations and outcomes of the meeting entitled ‘Optimal Nutrition and the Ever-Changing Dietary Landscape’ held on December 2, 2016, in Hamburg, Germany. Presentation 5984649 This conference report summarizes the presentations and outcomes of the meeting entitled “Healthy Ageing: he Natural Consequences of Good Nutrition‿ held on December 2, 2017, in Berlin, Germany. Presentation 4819601 This conference report summarizes the presentations and outcomes of the meeting entitled “Nutrient Reference Valueâ€‿Non-Communicable Disease (NRV-NCD) Endpoints; A Case for Both Essential and Nonessential Nutrients‿ held on November 20, 2015, in Kronberg im Taunus, Germany. Presentation 4305087 This conference report summarizes the presentations and outcomes of the meeting titled, “A Quality Dietary Supplement: Before You Start and After It’s Marketed‿ held on October 16, 2014, in Brisbane, Australia. Presentation 3597284 This conference report summarizes the presentations and outcomes of the meeting titled, “Nutrient Reference Values for Bioactives? Presentation 2695181 This information was presented in abstract form at the Society of General Internal Medicine meeting in Vancouver, BC on May 1, 2003. Presentation 2938422 This paper emerged out of discussions at the Social and Behavioral Sciences Research Network Meeting, October 1–2, 2009, Boston, MA. Presentation 5613211 This paper has been presented as a poster at the International Neuropsychological Society (INS) 45th Annual Meeting in New Orleans, February 1–4, 2017. Presentation 5480319 This paper is an extension of the one presented at the IWINAC 2015 conference (6th INTERNATIONAL WORK-CONFERENCE on the INTERPLAY between NATURAL and ARTIFICIAL COMPUTATION). Presentation 6302799 This paper was accepted to the Society of Surgical Oncology 71st Annual Cancer Symposium and its abstract was published in Annals of Surgical Oncology, February 2018, Volume 25, Supplement 1. Presentation 5486514 This paper was based on a presentation in the “Gendered Inequalities in Evolutionary Perspective‿ session at the 2007 American Anthropological Association annual meeting, organized by Rebecca Bliege Bird and Monique Borgerhoff Mulder. Presentation 6055836 This paper was presented as a poster presentation at the International Conference on Frailty and Sarcopenia Research; March 1–3, 2018; Miami Beach, FL, USA; and at the Wintermeeting Belgische Vereniging voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie ; February 23, 2018; Ostend, Belgium. Presentation 4735234 This paper was presented at IDWeek 2013, 2–6 October 2013, San Francisco, CA, USA and IDWeek 2014, 8–12 October 2014, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Presentation 6214417 This paper was presented at the Australian and New Zealand Society for Geriatric Medicine Annual Scientific Meeting as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5498784 This paper was presented at the Health Service Executive National Clinical and Integrated Care Forum 2016 held at Dublin, Ireland, on October 18 at a breakout session with interim findings. Presentation 4368848 This paper was previously presented as a poster at ESDR 2014 and Fall CDC 2014. Presentation 4927610 This randomized controlled trial has been presented at CIRSE in September 2015. Presentation 5952943 This report was presented as a poster at the American College of Gastroenterology annual scientific meeting October 2015, Honolulu, Hawaii. Presentation 4179622 This research was presented at the Society for Neuroscience (SFN) Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, 9–13 November 2013. Presentation 4155793 This research was presented in part at the Society for Neuroscience (SFN) Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, 9–13 November 2013. Presentation 3983497 This research was presented in part at the Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, 9–13 November 2013. Presentation 5127832 This review is based on a presentation given by RA to the Hereditary Angioedema patient support group of Australasia in May 2015. Presentation 2695872 This review reflects the presentations and outcome of the meeting “Scientific Update on Dairy Fats and CVD,‿ which was held on 25 June 2008 in Reading (UK). Presentation 3319875 This review reflects the presentations and outcomes of the meeting “Nutrition Issues in Codex: Health Claims, Nutrient Reference Values and WTO Agreements,‿ which was held on 11 November 2011 at Kronberg im Taunus, Germany. Presentation 3650570 This study was a poster presentation at the Second Annual Mayo Clinic Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Conference in Groningen, Netherlands, October 2011. Presentation 5754976 This study was orally presented at FDI 2013 Istanbul 101st Annual World Dental Congress in Turkey on August 28–31, 2013. Presentation 3672863 This study was partially presented at DDW 2008 and DDW 2013. Presentation 5554389 This study was presented as a poster at the digestive disease week, May 2016, San Diego, California. Presentation 6291428 This study was presented as a scientific poster at RSNA 2017 (BR247-SD-WEA3 2017). Presentation 5500536 This study was presented at “The 12th International Conference on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases and Related Neurological Disorders (AD/PD 2015)‿ and the abstract was published in “Neurodegenerative Disease‿. Presentation 5052307 This study was presented at the European Congress of Radiology (ECR) 2015 (SS 1002 – B-0767). Presentation 3486999 This study was presented at the European Congress of Radiology 2012. Presentation 130145 This study was presented in abstract form at the Annual Advanced Technology Applications in Combat Casualty Care Meeting, Fort Walton Beach, Florida, 26 September 2000. Presentation 4291052 This study was presented in part as a poster at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, December 2013. Presentation 5386598 This study was presented in part at the 17th Annual Congress of the European Hematology Association, June 14–17, 2012, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Presentation 4549935 This study was presented in part at the 52nd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) 2012, 9–12 September 2012, San Francisco, CA, USA . Presentation 1297614 This study was presented in part at the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine 16th Annual Congress, held on 7 October 2003 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Presentation 1550865 This study was presented orally at the 5th Annual Meeting of the Society of Emergency Medicine (28 June 2002, Taipei, Taiwan). Presentation 2592751 This study was previously presented at the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine annual meeting, Barcelona, Spain, 24 September, 2006. Presentation 5582659 This study was published as an abstract in the proceedings of American Society of Cancer Oncology (ASCO) annual meeting in 2016. Presentation 1175917 This study was published as an abstract in the supplement of December 2004 from Critical Care Medicine and will be partly presented at the 34th SCCM Congress in January 2005, in Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Presentation 5916962 This study was published as an abstract of a presentation (44). Presentation 4403754 This work has been presented in part at the 2014 American Committee of Emergency Physicians Research Forum, Chicago, IL, USA. Presentation 5861136 This work has been presented, in part, as oral presentation at the European Public Health Conference (Vienna, 2016). Presentation 6159753 This work has been previously presented: Presentation 5933397 This work has not previously been presented in part or in full. Presentation 5757492 This work was accepted for a paper presentation on interim findings at the 1st International Workshop on Active Ageing and Digital Inclusion in the International Symposium on Emerging Technologies for Education in 2016, and then for a poster presentation at the IAGG 2017 Conference. Presentation 5486794 This work was orally presented at the ECR 2016 in Vienna. Presentation 5508672 This work was part of the project presented by the "Team Rome‿ at the Biomod 2014 competition. Presentation 5030263 This work was partially presented at CROI, February 23-26 2015, Seattle, WA, USA, abstract 372. Presentation 5903823 This work was partially presented at the 2017 Annual Meeting of The American Society of Anesthesiologists (Boston, MA, USA) as a poster (A2240). Presentation 4506027 This work was presented as a poster at the 48th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, June 1–5, 2012. Presentation 3734649 This work was presented as a poster in the Genomics of Malaria Conference, Cambridge, United Kingdom in June 2010 and in the 29th International Epilepsy Congress, Rome, Italy in August, 2011. Presentation 5679698 This work was presented as an abstract at the ESMO Congress, held in Madrid in September 2017 (abstract 499P). Presentation 2206450 This work was presented at the 2006 annual meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, held in Chicago, IL, USA. Presentation 1297625 This work was presented at the '23rd Congrès de réanimation de langue française' in January 2004 and at the 13th World Congress of Anesthesiologists (PO934) in April 2004. Presentation 4357628 This work was presented at the Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minority Students (ABRCMS), San Antonio, TX, USA, during November 12–15, 2014. Presentation 2914257 This work was presented at the ECR 2010. Presentation 5633726 This work was presented in abstract form at the 19th International Immunocompromised Host Society Symposium in November 2016. Presentation 6277788 This work was presented in part at ARVO 2017: PG, CS, KC, L-FH, BA, LF, ES, and LO. Presentation 1751025 This work was presented in part at the 56th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of the Liver and was awarded the Presidential Poster of Distinction. Presentation 6015905 This work was presented in part at the 64th Annual Meeting of the Society for Reproductive Investigation (March 15–18, 2017, Orlando, FL, USA) and the 37th Annual American Society for Reproductive Immunology Meeting (September 17–20, 2017, Chicago, IL, USA). Presentation 4451644 This work was presented in part at the 96th Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, June 21–24, 2014 in Chicago, IL, USA, and at the 97th Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, March 5–8, 2015 in San Diego, CA, USA. Presentation 83850 This work was presented in part at The American Society of Anesthesiolo-gists 2001 Annual Meeting, October 13–17 2001, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Presentation 3508550 This work was presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association, May 29–June 3, 2010, San Francisco, CA [J Urol. Presentation 3090067 This work was presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA, May 2008, and the Annual Meeting of the Israel Society for Eye and Vision Research, Neve-Ilan, Israel, March 2008. Presentation 4499702 This work was presented in part at the Society for Neuroscience (SFN) Annual Meeting 15–19 November 2014, Washington, DC, USA and at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Annual conference 3–7 May 2015 in Denver, CO, USA. Presentation 4456711 This work was presented in part at the XIX CBMI - Brazilian Congress of Intensive Care, 6 to 8 November 2014, Goiania, Brazil. Presentation 4925661 This work was presented in preliminary form at the 2016 annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Vancouver, Canada. Presentation 4901506 Prior PresentationAn early version of this work was presented in a roundtable discussion at an annual conference of the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine. Presentation 3038661 This data was presented as abstract and oral presentation at the Annual Conference of Society for Endocrinology annual meeting 2005, London, UK British Association of Day Surgery, June 2006, Glasgow, UK and the Annual Scientific Meeting of British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons (BAETS), September 2006, Oxford, UK. Presentation 3824740 DisclosuresThis study was presented, in part, as an oral communication at the Congress of the European Society of Cardiology, Paris, France, September 2011. Presentation 5912294 This article was previously accepted and presented as a poster presentation at the Royal Society of Medicine President’s day on 29 September 2017 at Cardiff City Hall, UK. Presentation 5761912 This article was presented as an oral presentation – S-155: 25th European Congress of EBCOG on 17 May 2017: Need to recognise retroperitoneal haematomas in pregnancy as important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Presentation 4346383 Preliminary data for this study was reported in a conference abstract.60 Presentation 3708147 Part of the data has been presented in the combined conference of ESTRO and ABS 2012 in Barcelona, Spain. Presentation 6052390 This work has been submitted as an abstract at the ESTRO (European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology) conference (2018). Presentation 4463994 Thanks to the National Institute on Aging and the organizers of the 13th International Congress of Invertebrate Reproduction and Development for the opportunity to participate in the conference and this special issue. Presentation 3808230 This manuscript was presented as an oral presentation at the 12th National Congress of Turkish Family Medicine, Kusadası, Turkey, on 15–19 May 2013. Presentation 5969402 This project was a poster presentation at ASMCUE 2017. Presentation 5440171 A preliminary version of this work was presented as a poster during the 2015 Cultivating Ensembles in STEM Education and Research conference held in Berkeley, CA. Presentation 3867768 Details of the Confluence series were presented at the Ecological Society of America Annual conference in Portland, Oregon 2012. Presentation 6289827 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSAn explanation and demonstration of this modified version of Pictionary was given as a microbrew presentation at the 2017 American Society for Microbiology Conference for Undergraduate Educators. Presentation 5969409 Information in Appendix 1 was previously presented at the Association of Academic Museums and Galleries 2017 Annual Conference as part of a presentation titled “Establishing a CURE for Biodiversity Literacy in Undergraduate Education.” Presentation 2657262 Conflicts of interest This article was presented in part as an oral presentation at the 12th International Conference on Emergency Medicine–ICEM 2008 in San Francisco. Presentation 5587134 An abstract of this study was presented at the ISPOR 21st Annual International Meeting as a poster presentation with interim findings. Presentation 5529096 The abstract of this paper was presented, in part, at the 57th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology as a poster presentation. Presentation 5783022 The abstract of this paper was presented as a poster presentation with interim findings at the 2017 Annual Meeting of the International Society for Laboratory Hematology, 4–6 May 2017, Honolulu, HI, USA, and was published in the International Journal of Laboratory Hematology, Volume 39, Issue S2 May 2017. Presentation 5011347 Preliminary results from this study has been accepted for oral presentation at the 8th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention (IAS 2015); 19–22 July 2015, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Presentation 5635524 We are grateful to the Lea Cross Foundation for their conference grant that supported the presentation of the abstract at the 22nd Canadian Conference on Global Health, Montreal, 2015. Presentation 5529603 AcknowledgmentThe abstract of this paper was presented as a poster presentation at the North American Neuromodulation Society Annual Conference 2017.15 Presentation 3447361 DisclosureThis paper was presented as a poster at the joint conference of the International Association of Pancreatology and the Indian Pancreas Club, February 10th–13th, 2011, Cochin, India. Presentation 5038611 AcknowledgmentsA preliminary version of this research was the basis of a poster presentation at the Eular Congress 2015, and the abstract was subsequently published in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. Presentation 3740220 This paper is based on my plenary presentation at the annual meeting of the Korean Society for Preventive Medicine on April 26, 2013. Presentation 5461726 This paper is an extended version of a conference paper by the same name, presented at Phenotype Day@ ISMB 2016. Presentation 5944177 This manuscript is an extended version of a conference paper presented at 6th International Workshop on Vaccine and Drug Ontology Studies held in Newcastle-upon-Tyne on September 13, 2017. Presentation 4450457 A short version of this publication has been published as application paper at the conference on Data Integration in the Life Sciences (DILS) 2014. Presentation 5031277 This manuscript is a revised version of the work presented in the ICBO 2015 conference. Presentation 5031277 Authors’ contributionsPLG wrote most of the manuscript, verified the experiments, summarized the results, and presented the work in the ICBO 2015 conference. Presentation 5288952 This article is based on a conference paper discussed at the SWAT4LS 2014, Berlin, Germany . Presentation 4976511 This paper is an extended version of a conference paper by the same name, presented at ICBO 2015. Presentation 4089743 Some of the data have been presented in an abstract published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology and in a poster presentation at the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) annual conference, October 27–31, 2012, San Diego, CA. Presentation 4152262 This review is based on an oral paper presented at the 24th World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology Conference, held in Perth, Western Australia, 26–29 August 2013. Presentation 5084785 Data from this study was presented at the Ninth African Organisation for Research and Training in Cancer (AORTIC) conference in November 2013. Presentation 4867791 Earlier versions of this study were presented at the 6th conference of the International Society for Gesture Studies (ISGS) (July 2014, San Diego, USA) and at the 7th annual conference on Embodied and Situated Language Processing (ESLP). Presentation 5426246 ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe abstract of this study has been selected as one of the top oral abstracts by trainees for the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week 2015 Annual Meeting, November 5–8 in San Diego, CA, USA. Presentation 5504897 The case was presented as the poster presentation in the American Thoracic Society International Conference, May 2015, Denver, Colorado, USA. Presentation 5560884 This study paper was presented as a platform presentation in Synapse-2016, National physiotherapy conference, organized by Synapse Physio Pvt Ltd and CHITKARA University, Rajura, Punjab, India on 6th November, 2016 and awarded one of the best paper in conference. Presentation 4230975 The material was previously presented (oral presentations) at the 11th International Congress of European Society of Magnetic Resonance in Neuropediatrics in Amsterdam in 2011 and at the 16th Nordic Congress of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Tallinn 2011. Presentation 3611066 This study was presented in an oral session at the annual spring meeting of the Korean Neurosurgical Society, 2011. Presentation 4166328 This study was presented in an oral session at the annual spring meeting of the Korean Neurosurgical Society, 2012. Presentation 4430374 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPreliminary data from this research were part of an oral presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology, May 8, 2014, Albuquerque, NM. Presentation 4166693 Abstracts including some of the study results were accepted for presentation in posters at the: 56th GTH Annual Meeting, 1–4 February, St Gallen, Switzerland; 5th EAHAD Annual Meeting, 22–24 February, Rome, Italy; 30th WFH Annual Meeting, 8–12 July, Paris, France; and 54th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition, 8–11 December 2012, Atlanta, GA, USA. Presentation 3419977 The part of this work was presented in an oral form at the American Heart Association-Scientific Sessions, Orlando, 2009. Presentation 4105576 This article is published as part of a proceedings supplement from a conference sponsored by the Center for Obesity Research & Education at Temple University. Presentation 5984083 The ABSTRACT has been shown as an oral presentation at The Lancet—China Diabetes Society session in November 2016, and has been published in a Supplementary issue of The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology. Presentation 5984083 It also has been presented as a poster presentation at the 28th International Congress of Pediatrics in 17–22 August in Vancouver, Canada. Presentation 4320999 The starting point for this paper was a presentation held by Henrik Lerner at the One Health network's yearly annual meeting held in BÃ¥lsta, Sweden, March 2013. Presentation 3272816 DisclosureThis paper was used as a verbal presentation and poster at the 34th New Zealand Audiological Society Annual Conference, Blenheim, NZ, June 31st, 2010 and as a poster at the Sixth International Symposium on Meniere's Disease and Inner Ear Disorders, Kyoto, Japan, November 15th, 2010. Presentation 3611093 The experimental results were first presented in part at the EUROMAR conference in July 2012. Presentation 5432075 Presented previously as an oral essay at the Joint Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and American Academy of Oral Medicine, San Diego California, April 2015. Presentation 4040024 This study was presented at IEMCON, New Delhi, 2013 as poster presentation and won the first prize award.” Presentation 6105466 This study was presented as podium presentation in the 2015 Secec Congress in Milán. Presentation 5057425 They were involved in presenting a work-in-progress poster at the 2014 conference of the North American Primary Care Research Group (NAPCRG). Presentation 4654839 This paper builds on an earlier conference presentation to the 2014 Metropolis conference held in Hyderabad, India and with the theme of ‘Cities for All.’ Presentation 4802608 Prior presentationsPresented in part as a platform presentation at the annual meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies in Vancouver, BC, on May 4, 2014, and as a poster at the annual research meeting of AcademyHealth in San Diego, CA, on June 8, 2014. Presentation 4657320 The results of this paper have been presented in an oral presentation at Menntakvika, an annual congress organized by the School of Education, University of Iceland focusing on educational research and development. Presentation 5452165 A preliminary study was presented at the XVII International Congress on Nutrition and Metabolism in Renal Disease 6–10 May, 2014, Wurzburg, Germany, as a poster presentation. Presentation 5852713 The abstract of the conference presentation was published in a Nutrition & Dietetics supplement. Presentation 3509507 Poster presentation at the North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Annual Meeting in New Orleans, Louisiana, 21 October 2010. Presentation 3509507 Oral presentation at the American College of Nutrition Annual Meeting in New York, NY, USA, 9 October 2010. Presentation 3509507 Oral presentation at the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 30 January 2011. Presentation 4581752 Part of the findings of the present study were presented as a poster presentation at the European Society for Medical Oncology Congress, Madrid, Spain, 26-30 September, 2014. Presentation 4431462 An earlier version of the manuscript has been accepted for Oral presentation (Abstract # 312767) at the 142nd Annual Meeting and Expo of the American Public Health Association, November 14–19 2014, New Orleans, LA, USA. Presentation 2734252 The results from this paper were displayed as a poster presentation entitled: “Psychiatric crisis services as entry point into public mental health care for ethnic minority children and youth.” Presentation 2734252 This poster was presented at the Society for Social Work Research’s annual conference in San Francisco, CA on January 11–14 2007. Presentation 3433144 A portion of this work has been shared in an oral presentation at the 2010 annual meeting of the Gerontological Society of America. Presentation 4422120 This work was presented in a conference on doctor patient relationship, Sardegna Ricerca, Italy, June 5, 2014. Presentation 5932751 The abstract of this paper was presented at the International Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Science (SHSS-2015), ERPUB 2015, Paris (France) as a conference talk with interim findings. Presentation 4300374 An abstract of this paper was presented as a poster presentation at the Presentation 6167049 The 21st conference will be held in Brisbane, Australia in 2019. Presentation 5006470 AcknowledgmentsA preliminary version of this research was presented as a free oral paper at the 67th Annual National Conference of the Indian Psychiatric Society (ANCIPS 2015), Hyderabad from January 8, 2015, to January 11, 2015. Presentation 4470226 The study results were presented as a poster presentation on the 20th International Postgraduate Course of Cardiovascular Disease, Davos, Switzerland, 10–15 February 2013. Presentation 3776630 The study has been presented in part as a poster at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease, 2008, as oral presentations at the annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, 2009, and the annual meeting of the American Society for Gene and Cell Therapy, 2009. Presentation 4266210 This study was presented as an oral presentation at the 2013 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting. Presentation 2563015 Part of this study has been presented as an abstract for oral presentation at 53rd SNM annual meeting in June 2006. Presentation 4496923 This study has been presented in part as an oral presentation at the 41st Annual Meeting of the EBMT (23 March 2015) in Istanbul, Turkey. Presentation 5248464 The results of this study were partially presented as an oral presentation at the EBMT 2014 annual meeting and as a poster presentation at the ASH 2014 meeting. Presentation 3671532 PresentationPoster presentation is at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, San Antonio, TX, June 2 to 6, 2012. Presentation 3677358 This work was presented as a poster and as an oral presentation at 2012 ORS meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, and was among the work selected for New Investigator Research Award Presentations, NIRA-2, abstract no. 335. Presentation 5886036 Parts of this work have been presented at the 64th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society for Reproductive Investigation, Orlando 2017, T-013 and S-006 (Posters); the 19th annual conference of the British Maternal and Fetal Medicine Society, Amsterdam 2017, O. PO.7, P. PO.15 & P. PO.28 (Oral & Posters). Presentation 4196882 AcknowledgmentsThe data were presented as an oral presentation at the Norwegian Neurosurgical Society meeting in Oslo, 2011. Presentation 3661235 AcknowledgementThis manuscript was presented as an oral presentation at the 2009 American Association of Neuroscience Nursing in Las Vegas, Nevada. Presentation 4052833 These data were presented at an oral presentation at the Endocrine Society's 95th Annual Meeting in San Francisco, CA. Presentation 6169503 Parts of this study were presented as poster presentation at the Endocrine Society’s 98th Annual Meeting and Expo, April 1–4, 2016, Boston—SAT-700 on April 2, 2016. Presentation 4376102 Findings from this study have been previously shown in an oral presentation at Medicine 2.0’14 Europe in Malaga, Spain. Presentation 3626137 This paper was presented as an e-poster presentation at the 2012 Pacific Coast Surgical Association Meeting in Napa, California, on February 18, 2012. Presentation 5064658 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis article draws on the presentations and discussions during a multi‐disciplinary international conference on ‘The Agriculture, Nutrition and Sustainability’ nexus, hosted by Nestlé in June 2015. Presentation 3639680 The findings of this study have been previously published in 2010 as abstracts for the American Society of Clinical Oncology, European Hematology Association, Cancer Induced Bone Disease conference of the Cancer and Bone Society, European Society for Medical Oncology, and American Society of Hematology. Presentation 3788147 The results of this study were presented at the 37th IETS annual conference, 2011. Presentation 4701745 This study was presented as a research abstract (oral communication) at the 22nd ECVIM-CA congress in Maastricht, the Netherlands on 7 September 2012 with the title "Chitosan (HemCon) patch effectively controls hemorrhage from femoral arterial puncture site in dogs after removal of a large-bore introducer-sheath." Presentation 6167344 Part of this study was presented as a poster at the 25th ECVIM-CA annual congress (Lisbon, Portugal) and was the winner of the ECVIM poster presentation. Presentation 5611531 The abstract of the same work has been accepted for presentation in 2017 USCAP Annual Meeting; 4–10 Mar 2017; San Antonio, TX, USA. Presentation 5978625 This was initially presented at the first conference of the International Society for Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases Antiviral Group: Influenza Antivirals: Efficacy and Resistance held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, November 8–10, 2011. Presentation 5715918 This work was presented in part as an oral abstract presentation at the 27th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID, 2017) held in Vienna, Austria. Presentation 5253723 An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 19th annual ESHET conference in Rome in May 2015. Presentation 3484775 Dr Yang Weizhong, Deputy Director, China CDC, provided permission for reproduction of a slide used in a presentation given at an International Symposium on Research and Control of Infectious Diseases of Poverty in Shanghai, China, June, 2010, as Figure 5. Presentation 6152627 Part of the results have been presented as a conference abstract on 54th ERA-EDTA congress, Madrit, Spain and 23rd Konferencja Naukowo-Szkoleniowa Polskiego Towarzystwa Nefrologicznego, BiaÅ‚ystok, Poland. Presentation 2676251 The content of this review has been presented at the conference Biotech2008: Biopharmaceuticals: Why yeasts? Presentation 1654170 Parts of the results presented here have been communicated at the 4th Recombinant Protein Production Meeting (Barcelona, 2006), a detailed description of the impact of CNE1 and other secretory pathway genes has been provided at the conference for 30th anniversary of the Korean Society for Microbiology, Muju, 2003 and at the 11th ICY, Rio de Janeiro, August 2004. Presentation